Active and passive integrated synchronous induction coal and gas outburst test device and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of active and passive integrated synchronous induction coal and gas outburst tests, and discloses an active and passive integrated synchronous induction coal and gas outburst test device and method.The active and passive integrated synchronous induction coal and gas outburst test device comprises a test piece cavity used for being filled with a test coal sample; the protruding opening structure is arranged on one side of the test piece cavity; the loading unit is arranged in the test piece cavity and is used for controlling the disturbance state of the test coal sample; the trapping unit is communicated with the protruding opening structure, and the trapping unit is used for controlling the open state of the protruding opening structure; the processing unit is used for obtaining a coal seam disturbance signal in the test piece cavity, when the coal seam disturbance signal reaches a preset threshold value, the processing unit automatically sends an instruction to the outburst inducing unit, and the outburst inducing unit controls the outburst opening structure to be opened. And a guiding effect is provided for safe mining of coal mines.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of active and passive integrated synchronous induced coal and gas outburst testing, and in particular to an active and passive integrated synchronous induced coal and gas outburst testing device and method. Background Art

[0002] As mining depth increases, the prevention and control of disasters such as coal and gas outbursts becomes more difficult. In deep mining, dynamic disturbances such as blasting and roof collapse increase the danger of coal and gas outbursts. In fact, coal and gas outbursts are a sudden instability dynamic phenomenon in which coal and rock mass undergo continuous instability and destruction under multiple external dynamic disturbances.

[0003] At present, the laboratory mainly focuses on the research of outbursts under static load conditions such as stone gate coal uncovering. The traditional methods of opening the outburst mouth (manual or mechanical opening of the outburst mouth baffle, blasting with blasting discs, etc.) are all passive induced outbursts, that is, the outburst mouth is suddenly opened under specific conditions and time, causing the coal body to be suddenly exposed to the atmosphere, thereby breaking the air pressure balance on both sides of the outburst mouth and achieving outburst. Although it can simulate the outburst induced by stone gate coal uncovering, it downplays the impact of mining activities and ignores the fact that the outburst is actually the process of spontaneous and active outburst of gas-containing coal under critical state under mining disturbance, which is quite different from the actual situation on site. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an active and passive integrated synchronous induced coal and gas outburst test device and method, aiming to solve or improve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides an active and passive integrated synchronous induced coal and gas outburst test device, comprising:

[0006] A test piece cavity, the interior of which is used to fill the test coal sample;

[0007] A protruding opening structure is arranged on one side of the specimen cavity;

[0008] A loading unit, disposed in the test piece cavity, and used for controlling the disturbance state of the test coal sample;

[0009] a protrusion inducing unit, connected to the protrusion opening structure, and used for controlling the opening state of the protrusion opening structure;

[0010] The processing unit is used to obtain the coal seam disturbance signal in the specimen cavity, and when the coal seam disturbance signal reaches a preset threshold, the processing unit automatically sends a command to the inducing unit, and the inducing unit controls the protrusion structure to open.

[0011] Optionally, it also includes a visualization lane and a high-speed infrared camera arranged outside the visualization lane, the visualization lane is connected to the induction unit, and the high-speed infrared camera is connected to the processing unit.

[0012] Optionally, a vacuum pump is also included, which is connected to the specimen cavity.

[0013] Optionally, it further includes a first high-pressure gas cylinder, which is connected to a first gas injection hole via a pipeline, and a flow meter is provided on the pipeline. The first gas injection hole is connected to the specimen cavity.

[0014] Optionally, the loading unit includes a piston disposed in the specimen cavity, the piston being used to abut against the test coal sample, and a piston rod of the piston being connected to a Hopkinson pressure bar.

[0015] Optionally, the loading unit includes a plurality of plasma discharge probes disposed in the specimen cavity.

[0016] Optionally, the induction unit comprises:

[0017] A two-stage blasting inducing structure is connected to the protruding opening structure;

[0018] The second high-pressure gas cylinder is connected to a second gas injection hole through a pipeline, and a pressure switch and a solenoid valve are arranged on the pipeline. The second gas injection hole is connected to the two-stage explosion inducing structure.

[0019] Optionally, the processing unit includes:

[0020] A computer connected to the pressure switch;

[0021] The sensor module is arranged in the specimen cavity, and the sensor module is connected to the computer.

[0022] Optionally, the sensor module includes a stress sensor, a pressure sensor and an optical fiber sensor.

[0023] The present invention also provides an active and passive integrated synchronous induced coal and gas outburst test method, comprising the following steps:

[0024] Filling the test coal sample into the test piece cavity;

[0025] The loading unit controls the disturbance state of the test coal sample;

[0026] The processing unit obtains a coal seam disturbance signal in the specimen cavity;

[0027] When the coal seam disturbance signal in the specimen cavity reaches a preset threshold, the processing unit sends a command to the inducing unit, and the inducing unit controls the protrusion structure to open.

[0028] The present invention discloses the following technical effects: the disturbance state of the test coal sample is controlled by the loading unit, and the coal seam disturbance signal in the specimen cavity is obtained by the processing unit, so that the outburst inducing unit can automatically control the opening of the outburst mouth structure at an appropriate time period, thereby realizing the integration of active outburst induction and passive outburst induction, being closer to the actual situation on site, and having safe operation and a high degree of automation, providing accurate data for studying the instability and destruction of outburst coal bodies under dynamic load disturbance, and providing guidance for safe mining of coal mines. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0030] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the test device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 Flow chart of the test method of the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: 1. specimen cavity; 2. test coal sample; 3. piston; 4. Hopkinson pressure bar; 5. protrusion structure; 6. two-stage blasting inducing structure; 7. visualization tunnel; 8. first gas injection hole; 9. second gas injection hole; 10. first valve; 11. second valve; 12. third valve; 13. flow meter; 14. first high-pressure gas cylinder; 15. second high-pressure gas cylinder; 16. vacuum pump; 17. stress sensor; 18. pressure sensor; 19. optical fiber sensor; 20. computer; 21. high-speed infrared camera; 22. pressure switch; 23. solenoid valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0035] Reference Figure 1-Figure 2The present invention provides an active and passive integrated synchronous induced coal and gas outburst test device, comprising:

[0036] A test piece cavity 1, the interior of which is used to fill a test coal sample 2;

[0037] The protruding opening structure 5 is arranged on one side of the specimen cavity 1;

[0038] A loading unit is disposed in the test specimen cavity 1, and is used to control the disturbance state of the test coal sample 2;

[0039] The inducing unit is connected to the protruding opening structure 5, and the inducing unit is used to control the opening state of the protruding opening structure 5;

[0040] The processing unit is used to obtain the coal seam disturbance signal in the specimen cavity 1, and when the coal seam disturbance signal reaches a preset threshold, the processing unit automatically sends a command to the inducing unit, and the inducing unit controls the protrusion structure 5 to open.

[0041] The disturbance state of the test coal sample 2 is controlled by the loading unit, and the coal seam disturbance signal in the specimen cavity 1 is obtained by the processing unit, so that the outburst inducing unit can automatically control the outburst opening structure 5 to open at an appropriate time, thereby realizing the integration of active outburst induction and passive outburst induction, which is closer to the actual situation on site, and has safe operation and a high degree of automation. It provides accurate data for studying the instability and destruction of outburst coal bodies under dynamic load disturbance, and provides guidance for safe mining of coal mines.

[0042] Furthermore, the coal seam disturbance signal includes pressure value, stress value, deformation value and the like.

[0043] In one embodiment of the present invention, it also includes a visualization lane 7 and a high-speed infrared camera 21 arranged outside the visualization lane 7. The visualization lane 7 is connected to the induction unit, and the high-speed infrared camera 21 is connected to the processing unit.

[0044] The high-speed infrared camera 21 is connected to the computer 20. By synchronously triggering the high-speed infrared camera 21, problems such as insufficient memory and missing shooting images can be solved. The migration characteristics and temperature field characteristics of the prominent two-phase flow can be macroscopically analyzed, and the movement and sedimentation laws of coal powder particles in the tunnel can be microscopically analyzed to obtain the disaster-causing mechanism of the prominent two-phase flow.

[0045] In one embodiment of the present invention, a vacuum pump 16 is further included, which is connected to the specimen cavity 1 .

[0046] The vacuum pump 16 is used to evacuate the specimen cavity 1 .

[0047] In one embodiment of the present invention, a first high-pressure gas cylinder 14 is further included, which is connected to a first gas injection hole 8 through a pipeline. A flow meter 13 is provided on the pipeline. The first gas injection hole 8 is connected to the specimen cavity 1.

[0048] The first high-pressure gas cylinder 14 is used to transport gas into the specimen cavity 1 through the pipeline and the first gas injection hole 8, and after reaching the predetermined gas pressure required for the test, simulate the storage environment of the gas in the coal seam.

[0049] Furthermore, a first valve 10 and a second valve 11 are provided on the pipeline connecting the first high-pressure gas cylinder 14 and the first gas injection hole 8 . The first valve 10 is used to control the opening and closing of the first high-pressure gas cylinder 14 , and the second valve 11 is used to control the opening and closing of the flow meter 13 .

[0050] In one embodiment of the present invention, the loading unit includes a piston 3 disposed in the specimen cavity 1 , the piston 3 is used to abut against the test coal sample 2 , and the piston rod of the piston 3 is connected to a Hopkinson pressure bar 4 .

[0051] The Hopkinson pressure bar 4 and the piston 3 are used to apply a periodic disturbance load to the test coal sample 2 in the specimen cavity 1 to simulate the periodic disturbance of the coal seam under the roof collapse.

[0052] In one embodiment of the present invention, the loading unit includes a plurality of plasma discharge probes disposed in the specimen cavity 1 .

[0053] Several plasma discharge probes cause the coal body to crack, simulating the dynamic load disturbance caused by blasting explosives.

[0054] In one embodiment of the present invention, the induction unit comprises:

[0055] The two-stage blasting inducing structure 6 is connected to the protruding opening structure 5;

[0056] The second high-pressure gas cylinder 15 is connected to a second gas injection hole 9 through a pipeline, and a pressure switch 22 and a solenoid valve 23 are arranged on the pipeline. The second gas injection hole 9 is connected to the two-stage explosion inducing structure 6.

[0057] After receiving the signal, the pressure switch 22 opens the solenoid valve 23 to enable the gas in the second high-pressure gas cylinder 15 to be output to the two-stage explosion inducing structure 6.

[0058] Furthermore, a third valve 12 is provided on the pipeline connecting the second high-pressure gas cylinder 15 and the second gas injection hole 9 , and the third valve 12 is used to control the opening and closing of the second high-pressure gas cylinder 15 .

[0059] In one embodiment of the present invention, the processing unit includes:

[0060] A computer 20 connected to a pressure switch 22;

[0061] The sensor module is disposed in the specimen cavity 1 . The sensor module is connected to the computer 20 . The sensor module includes a stress sensor 17 , a pressure sensor 18 and an optical fiber sensor 19 .

[0062] The present invention also provides an active and passive integrated synchronous induced coal and gas outburst test method, comprising the following steps:

[0063] First, go to the coal mine site to select the raw coal used for the test, take it back and crush and screen it, select the particle size required for the test and add relevant materials to prepare the test coal sample 2, and fill the test coal sample 2 into the test piece cavity 1;

[0064] Then, after checking the air tightness of the device, the specimen cavity 1 is evacuated by the vacuum pump 16; the first high-pressure gas cylinder 14 delivers gas to the specimen cavity 1 through the pipeline to the first gas injection hole 8, and after reaching the predetermined gas pressure required for the test, the gas storage environment in the coal seam is simulated.

[0065] Secondly, a certain amount of gas is pre-filled into the two-stage explosion inducing structure 6 to make its gas pressure close to the explosion pressure, so that after the solenoid valve 23 is opened, the explosion in the two-stage explosion inducing structure 6 can occur instantly; before the dynamic load disturbance begins, the pressure switch 22 and the pressure threshold signal of the synchronous triggering high-speed infrared camera 21 are set according to the test needs.

[0066] Secondly, the disturbance state of the test coal sample 2 is controlled by the loading unit, and the test coal sample 2 is subjected to cyclic impact loading and unloading for 1 hour through the Hopkinson pressure bar 4 to simulate the long-term periodic disturbance of the coal seam;

[0067] Then, the processing unit obtains the coal seam disturbance signal in the specimen cavity 1; when the coal seam disturbance signal in the specimen cavity 1 reaches a preset threshold, the processing unit sends a command to the inducing unit, and the inducing unit controls the protrusion structure 5 to open, and the dynamic load disturbance signal is transmitted to the computer 20 through the pressure sensor 18, and the computer 20 transmits the signal to the pressure switch 22. If the pressure signal is less than the pressure threshold signal, the pressure switch 22 does not issue an action command, and the solenoid valve 23 remains in a closed state; otherwise, the pressure switch 22 will drive the solenoid valve 23 to open, and the second high-pressure gas cylinder 15 will quickly deliver gas to the two-stage explosion inducing structure 6 through the pipeline, so that the two-stage explosion inducing structure 6 instantly reaches the explosion pressure, thereby realizing the occurrence of dynamic load disturbance and the bursting piece. Turn on the synchronization to simulate the active and passive integrated synchronous induced outburst; at the same time, the computer 20 also transmits the pressure signal generated by the dynamic load disturbance to the synchronously triggered high-speed infrared camera 21. If the pressure signal reaches the pressure threshold signal, the synchronously triggered high-speed infrared camera 21 will start shooting, synchronized with the dynamic load disturbance, and record the migration process and temperature field characteristics of the two-phase flow in the tunnel; if the outburst does not occur, change the molding pressure, gas storage environment or increase the dynamic load (after repeatedly checking the air tightness of the device, evacuate the specimen cavity 1 through the vacuum pump 16; use the first high-pressure gas cylinder 14 to transport gas to the specimen cavity 1 through the pipeline to the first gas injection hole 8. After reaching the predetermined gas pressure required for the test, simulate the gas storage environment in the coal seam) until the outburst occurs.

[0068] Alternatively, by changing the dynamic load disturbance mode, several plasma discharge probes are used to discharge and fracture the test coal sample 2 to simulate the blasting process of explosives (plasma discharge simulates the dynamic load disturbance process of explosive explosion. From a safety perspective, plasma is used instead of explosives, which is safe, controllable and pollution-free).

[0069] Finally, the stress, gas pressure and temperature data of the test coal sample 2 in the outburst are collected to analyze the changes in the stress field, seepage field and temperature field of the coal body in the active and passive synchronous outburst. The images taken by the synchronously triggered high-speed infrared camera 21 are used to analyze the overall migration characteristics and temperature field characteristics of the two-phase flow in the tunnel from a macroscopic perspective, and the movement laws such as the movement speed and movement trajectory of the coal powder particles and the sedimentation laws of the coal powder particles are analyzed from a microscopic perspective. The size, shape and crack characteristics of the outburst holes are collected using a borehole detector to analyze the instability and layer cracking characteristics of the coal body in the active and passive synchronous outburst.

[0070] The present invention can carry out active and passive integrated synchronous induced burst tests with different gas pressures, different ground stresses, different dynamic load disturbance forms, frequencies and energies, and explore the instability and failure criteria and energy conditions of coal bodies in active and passive synchronous induced bursts.

[0071] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0072] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An active and passive integrated synchronous induced coal and gas outburst test device, characterized in that: include: A test piece cavity (1), the interior of which is used to fill a test coal sample (2); A protruding opening structure (5) is arranged on one side of the specimen cavity (1); A loading unit is arranged in the test piece cavity (1), and is used to control the disturbance state of the test coal sample (2); a protrusion inducing unit, connected to the protruding opening structure (5), the protrusion inducing unit being used to control the opening state of the protruding opening structure (5); A processing unit is used to obtain a coal seam disturbance signal in the specimen cavity (1), and when the coal seam disturbance signal reaches a preset threshold, the processing unit automatically sends a command to the inducing unit, and the inducing unit controls the protrusion structure (5) to open.

2. The active and passive integrated synchronous induced coal and gas outburst test device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes a visualization lane (7) and a high-speed infrared camera (21) arranged outside the visualization lane (7), wherein the visualization lane (7) is connected to the induction unit, and the high-speed infrared camera (21) is connected to the processing unit.

3. The active and passive integrated synchronous induced coal and gas outburst test device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes a vacuum pump (16) which is in communication with the specimen cavity (1).

4. The active and passive integrated synchronous induced coal and gas outburst test device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also comprises a first high-pressure gas cylinder (14) which is connected to a first gas injection hole (8) via a pipeline, a flow meter (13) being arranged on the pipeline, and the first gas injection hole (8) is connected to the specimen cavity (1).

5. The active and passive integrated synchronous induced coal and gas outburst test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading unit comprises a piston (3) which is arranged in the test piece cavity (1); the piston (3) is used to abut against the test coal sample (2); and the piston rod of the piston (3) is connected to a Hopkinson pressure bar (4).

6. The active and passive integrated synchronous induced coal and gas outburst test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading unit comprises a plurality of plasma discharge probes which are arranged in the specimen cavity (1).

7. The active and passive integrated synchronous induced coal and gas outburst test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The induction unit comprises: A two-stage blasting inducing structure (6) is connected to the protruding opening structure (5); The second high-pressure gas cylinder (15) is connected to a second gas injection hole (9) through a pipeline, and a pressure switch (22) and a solenoid valve (23) are provided on the pipeline. The second gas injection hole (9) is connected to the two-stage explosion inducing structure (6).

8. The active and passive integrated synchronous induced coal and gas outburst test device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The processing unit comprises: A computer (20) connected to the pressure switch (22); A sensor module is arranged in the specimen cavity (1), and the sensor module is connected to the computer (20).

9. The active and passive integrated synchronous induced coal and gas outburst test device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The sensor module comprises a stress sensor (17), a pressure sensor (18) and an optical fiber sensor (19).

10. An active and passive integrated synchronous induced coal and gas outburst test method, based on an active and passive integrated synchronous induced coal and gas outburst test device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Filling the test coal sample (2) into the test piece cavity (1); The loading unit controls the disturbance state of the test coal sample (2); The processing unit obtains a coal seam disturbance signal in the specimen cavity (1); When the coal seam disturbance signal in the specimen cavity (1) reaches a preset threshold, the processing unit sends a command to the inducing unit, and the inducing unit controls the protrusion structure (5) to open.

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