Method and system for automatically calculating shot point position

Abstract

The invention provides a method and system for automatically calculating a shot point position, and belongs to the field of geophysical exploration seismic data acquisition and processing. According to the method, new shot point coordinates are obtained through original seismic data, and finally output shot point coordinates are determined according to the relation between the new shot point coordinates and shot point coordinates extracted from the original seismic data. The shot point position relation can be automatically calculated, and on one hand, whether the shot point position of the work area is accurate or not can be automatically checked through the position relation; and on the other hand, the position of the single shot with the abnormal shot point position relation can be replaced according to the calculation result. According to the method, the manual redundant and complex workload is reduced, the data checking timeliness is improved, and the newly fitted shot point position relation tends to the real shot point coordinates.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of geophysical exploration seismic data collection and processing, and specifically relates to a method and system for automatically calculating shot point positions, which is used for fast and efficient inspection of basic data in seismic exploration collection and processing. Background Art

[0002] Faced with increasingly complex geological exploration and development conditions, the refined processing of seismic data is becoming increasingly important. Refined data processing requires accurate original seismic geological information to improve seismic exploration and development capabilities.

[0003] The accuracy of shot point position relationship is the key content in basic data inspection. At the same time, the requirements of reducing costs and increasing efficiency in exploration and development have also put forward higher requirements on the timeliness of seismic exploration. It is necessary not only to ensure the accuracy of shot point position relationship, but also to complete a large number of shot point position relationship inspections and corrections within an effective time. Therefore, it is urgent to study a method and technology that can quickly, automatically and accurately calculate the shot point position relationship. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art and provide a method and system for automatically calculating the shot point position, which can not only automatically determine whether the shot point relationship in the entire work area is accurate and reasonable, but also re-determine a new shot point position relationship for a single shot with a problem in the shot point relationship. Accurate shot point position relationship is the basis of data processing and the technical guarantee for high-precision exploration and development.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a method for automatically determining the position relationship of shot points, wherein the method obtains new shot point coordinates using original seismic data, and determines the final output shot point coordinates based on the relationship between the new shot point coordinates and the shot point coordinates extracted from the original seismic data.

[0007] Preferably, the method comprises:

[0008] Step 1: Use the original seismic data to obtain the coordinates of the shot points and the detection points, as well as the offset information of the shot points and the detection points;

[0009] Step 2: For a shot point, use the coordinates of the shot point, the detection point, and the offset information of the shot point and the detection point to obtain the new shot point coordinates;

[0010] Step 3: Obtain the latest gun point coordinates;

[0011] Step 4: Compare and analyze the latest shot point coordinates with the extracted shot point coordinates to determine the final output shot point coordinates;

[0012] The fifth step is to process each shot point from the second step to the fourth step in turn to obtain the final output shot point coordinates of each shot point.

[0013] Preferably, the first step includes:

[0014] First, prepare the original seismic data and load it into the observation system;

[0015] Then, the coordinates of the shot points, the coordinates of the detection points, and the offset distances of the shot points and the detection points in the trace header information of the original seismic data are extracted.

[0016] Preferably, the raw seismic data refers to seismic data that is not further processed after the observation system is defined.

[0017] Preferably, the second step includes:

[0018] For a shot point, the coordinates of all the detection points within the first offset distance corresponding to the shot point are extracted, and the coordinates of all the detection points within the first offset distance are used for calculation to obtain the new shot point coordinates corresponding to the first offset distance;

[0019] Then, the second offset to the last offset are calculated in turn to obtain the new shot point coordinates corresponding to each offset. The new shot point coordinates corresponding to all offsets are all the new shot point coordinates corresponding to the shot points.

[0020] Preferably, the operation adopts a least squares operation.

[0021] Preferably, the operation of the third step includes:

[0022] The mean of all new shot point coordinates corresponding to the shot point is obtained, and the mean is the latest shot point coordinate corresponding to the shot point.

[0023] Preferably, the fourth step includes:

[0024] The difference z between the latest shot point coordinates and the extracted shot point coordinates is calculated using the following formula:

[0025]

[0026] Among them, (x2, y2) is the coordinate of the latest shot point, and (x1, y1) is the coordinate of the extracted shot point;

[0027] If the difference z is less than one shot spacing, it is determined that there is no shot point offset, and the shot point coordinates finally output are determined to be the extracted shot point coordinates;

[0028] If the difference z is greater than or equal to a shot spacing, it is determined that there is a shot point offset, and the shot point coordinates finally output are determined to be the latest shot point coordinates.

[0029] A second aspect of the present invention provides a system for automatically determining a shot point position relationship, the system comprising:

[0030] Extraction unit: used to obtain the coordinates of shot points and detection points, as well as the offset information of shot points and detection points using the original seismic data;

[0031] A unit for obtaining new shot point coordinates: connected to the extraction unit, and used for obtaining new shot point coordinates for a shot point by using the coordinates of the shot point and the detection point, as well as the offset information of the shot point and the detection point;

[0032] Averaging unit: connected to the unit for obtaining new shot point coordinates, used to obtain the latest shot point coordinates;

[0033] Determination unit: connected to the averaging unit, used to compare and analyze the latest shot point coordinates with the extracted shot point coordinates to determine the final output shot point coordinates;

[0034] Output unit: connected to the judgment unit, outputs the final output shot point coordinates of each shot point.

[0035] According to a third aspect of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores at least one computer-executable program, and when the at least one program is executed by the computer, the computer executes the steps of a method for automatically determining the position relationship of gun points according to the present invention.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention can automatically calculate the shot point position relationship, and the position relationship can be used to automatically check whether the shot point position of the work area is accurate; on the other hand, the position of the single shot with abnormal shot point position relationship can be replaced according to the calculation result. The present invention reduces the redundant and complex workload of manual work, improves the timeliness of data inspection, and the newly fitted shot point position relationship is more close to the real shot point coordinates. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 A flowchart of the steps of the method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0039] The present invention provides a method for automatically determining the position relationship of shot points, which uses original seismic data to obtain new shot point coordinates, and determines the final output shot point coordinates based on the relationship between the new shot point coordinates and the shot point coordinates extracted from the original seismic data.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, the method includes:

[0041] Step 1: Use the original seismic data to obtain the coordinates of the shot points and the detection points, as well as the offset information of the shot points and the detection points;

[0042] Step 2: For a shot point, use the coordinates of the shot point, the detection point, and the offset information of the shot point and the detection point to obtain the new shot point coordinates;

[0043] Step 3: Obtain the latest gun point coordinates;

[0044] Step 4: Compare and analyze the latest shot point coordinates with the extracted shot point coordinates to determine the final output shot point coordinates;

[0045] The fifth step is to process each shot point from the second step to the fourth step in turn to obtain the final output shot point coordinates of each shot point.

[0046] The embodiments of the method of the present invention are as follows:

[0047] Embodiment 1:

[0048] The first step includes:

[0049] First, prepare the original seismic data and load it into the observation system;

[0050] Then, the coordinates of the shot points, the coordinates of the detection points, and the offsets of the shot points and the detection points in the header information of the original seismic data are extracted. These are all realized by using existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0051] The raw seismic data refers to the seismic data that is not further processed after the observation system is defined.

[0052] Embodiment 2:

[0053] The second step includes:

[0054] For a shot point, extract the coordinates of all the detection points within the first offset distance corresponding to the shot point, and use the coordinates of all the detection points within the first offset distance to perform the least squares operation to obtain the new shot point coordinates corresponding to the first offset distance; then, perform the same operation on the second offset distance to the last offset distance in turn to obtain the new shot point coordinates corresponding to each offset distance, and the new shot point coordinates corresponding to all offset distances are all the new shot point coordinates corresponding to the shot point. That is, perform the least squares operation on each offset distance corresponding to the shot point in turn to obtain the new shot point coordinates corresponding to each offset distance. A shot point corresponds to multiple offset distances, and each offset distance corresponds to the new shot point coordinates one by one.

[0055] Embodiment three:

[0056] The mean of all new shot point coordinates corresponding to the shot point is obtained, and the mean is the latest shot point coordinate corresponding to the shot point.

[0057] The purpose of the third step is to further approximate the range of the real shot point through the range of different offset distances, so that the coordinates of the obtained shot point are more accurate. Specifically, the abscissa of all new shot point coordinates corresponding to the shot point is averaged to obtain the abscissa of the latest shot point, that is, x = (x1 + x2 + ···· + xN) / N. Similarly, the ordinate of the new shot point coordinate is averaged to obtain the ordinate of the latest shot point, that is, y = (y1 + y2 + ···· + yN) / N, where N represents N offset distances, and the abscissa and ordinate of the latest shot point constitute the latest shot point coordinates.

[0058] Embodiment 4:

[0059] The fourth step includes:

[0060] The difference z between the latest shot point coordinates and the extracted shot point coordinates is calculated using the following formula:

[0061]

[0062] Among them, (x2, y2) is the coordinate of the latest shot point, and (x1, y1) is the coordinate of the extracted shot point;

[0063] If the difference z is less than one shot spacing, it is determined that there is no shot point offset, and the shot point coordinates finally output are determined to be the extracted shot point coordinates, that is, the original shot point coordinates are output;

[0064] If the difference z is greater than or equal to a shot spacing, it is determined that there is a shot point offset, and the shot point coordinates finally output are determined to be the latest shot point coordinates, that is, the latest shot point coordinates are used to replace the extracted shot point coordinates.

[0065] The purpose of "comparing and analyzing the latest gun point coordinates with the extracted gun point coordinates" is: on the one hand, it can check whether the coordinates of the gun point are accurate; on the other hand, for inaccurate gun point information, the latest gun point coordinates that are fitted can be directly used to replace it, reducing the waste of time and resources caused by manual inspection.

[0066] Embodiment five:

[0067] The shot points of the whole area data are randomly numbered. After obtaining the coordinates of a shot point using the second to fourth steps, the next shot point is selected for calculation. The purpose is to obtain the final output coordinates of all shot points. In this way, the latest shot point coordinates are obtained according to the coordinates of the detection points within each offset distance corresponding to a certain shot point, and the final output shot point coordinates are obtained based on the relationship between the latest shot point coordinates and the coordinates of the extracted shot point.

[0068] In summary, the present invention ensures that the shot point coordinates of the seismic data in the area are accurate and reliable according to the calculated shot point coordinates, and achieves the purpose of consolidating the basis of the original seismic data. Through the present invention, the data to be processed can be quickly calculated according to the characteristics of the work area to determine whether its shot point coordinates are abnormal. The method of the present invention is very effective in estimating the shot point position of seismic data, and can play an important role in improving the resolution and imaging accuracy of seismic data processing.

[0069] The method of the present invention is applicable to the inspection and correction of the shot point coordinates of any seismic data. The present invention utilizes the original seismic data and designs a simplified data processing method to quickly inspect whether the single shot data has shot point offset, and can provide approximately accurate shot point positions for single shots with shot point offset.

[0070] For most land seismic data, the method of the present invention can be used to check and correct the offset of the shot point position to improve the accuracy of the seismic data. The present invention can quickly and effectively calculate whether the shot point coordinates are accurate. For inaccurate shot point coordinates, new coordinates can be used to directly replace them, thereby achieving the purpose of ensuring that the basic data coordinates are authentic and reliable.

[0071] Embodiment six:

[0072] The present invention also provides a system for automatically determining the position relationship of shot points, the system comprising:

[0073] Extraction unit: used to obtain the coordinates of shot points and detection points, as well as the offset information of shot points and detection points using the original seismic data;

[0074] A unit for obtaining new shot point coordinates: connected to the extraction unit, and used for obtaining new shot point coordinates for a shot point by using the coordinates of the shot point and the detection point, as well as the offset information of the shot point and the detection point;

[0075] Averaging unit: connected to the unit for obtaining new shot point coordinates, used to obtain the latest shot point coordinates;

[0076] Determination unit: connected to the averaging unit, used to compare and analyze the latest shot point coordinates with the extracted shot point coordinates to determine the final output shot point coordinates;

[0077] Output unit: connected to the judgment unit, outputs the final output shot point coordinates of each shot point.

[0078] Specifically, the extraction unit performs the following operations:

[0079] First, prepare the original seismic data and load it into the observation system;

[0080] Then, the coordinates of the shot points, the coordinates of the detection points, and the offsets of the shot points and the detection points in the header information of the original seismic data are extracted. These are all realized by using existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0081] The raw seismic data refers to the seismic data that is not further processed after the observation system is defined.

[0082] The unit for obtaining new shot point coordinates performs the following operations:

[0083] For a shot point, extract the coordinates of all the detection points within the first offset distance corresponding to the shot point, and use the coordinates of all the detection points within the first offset distance to perform the least squares operation to obtain the new shot point coordinates corresponding to the first offset distance; then, perform the same operation on the second offset distance to the last offset distance in turn to obtain the new shot point coordinates corresponding to each offset distance, and the new shot point coordinates corresponding to all offset distances are all the new shot point coordinates corresponding to the shot point. That is, perform the least squares operation on each offset distance corresponding to the shot point in turn to obtain the new shot point coordinates corresponding to each offset distance. A shot point corresponds to multiple offset distances, and each offset distance corresponds to the new shot point coordinates one by one.

[0084] The averaging unit performs the following operations:

[0085] The mean of all new shot point coordinates corresponding to the shot point is obtained, and the mean is the latest shot point coordinate corresponding to the shot point.

[0086] The purpose is to further approximate the range of the real shot point through the range of different offset distances, so that the coordinates of the obtained shot point are more accurate. Specifically, the abscissa of all new shot point coordinates corresponding to the shot point is averaged to obtain the abscissa of the latest shot point, that is, x = (x1 + x2 + ···· + xN) / N. Similarly, the ordinate of the new shot point coordinate is averaged to obtain the ordinate of the latest shot point, that is, y = (y1 + y2 + ···· + yN) / N, where N represents N offset distances, and the abscissa and ordinate of the latest shot point constitute the latest shot point coordinates.

[0087] The determination unit performs the following operations:

[0088] The difference z between the latest shot point coordinates and the extracted shot point coordinates is calculated using the following formula:

[0089]

[0090] Among them, (x2, y2) is the coordinate of the latest shot point, and (x1, y1) is the coordinate of the extracted shot point;

[0091] If the difference z is less than one shot spacing, it is determined that there is no shot point offset, and the shot point coordinates finally output are determined to be the extracted shot point coordinates, that is, the original shot point coordinates are output;

[0092] If the difference z is greater than or equal to a shot spacing, it is determined that there is a shot point offset, and the shot point coordinates finally output are determined to be the latest shot point coordinates, that is, the latest shot point coordinates are used to replace the extracted shot point coordinates.

[0093] The purpose of "comparing and analyzing the latest gun point coordinates with the extracted gun point coordinates" is: on the one hand, it can check whether the coordinates of the gun point are accurate; on the other hand, for inaccurate gun point information, the latest gun point coordinates that are fitted can be directly used to replace it, reducing the waste of time and resources caused by manual inspection.

[0094] The present invention can be applied in high-precision imaging in oil and gas seismic exploration and unconventional seismic exploration data collection and processing, and has good application prospects in the research of data collection and processing in single blocks and multiple blocks.

[0095] The above technical solution is only one implementation mode of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, it is easy to make various types of improvements or modifications based on the principles disclosed in the present invention, and it is not limited to the technical solution described in the above specific embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, the above description is only preferred and does not have a restrictive meaning.

Claims

1. A method for automatically calculating the position of a shot point, characterized in that: The method uses the original seismic data to obtain new shot point coordinates, and determines the final output shot point coordinates according to the relationship between the new shot point coordinates and the shot point coordinates extracted from the original seismic data.

2. The method for automatically calculating the shot point position according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method comprises: Step 1: Use the original seismic data to obtain the coordinates of the shot points and the detection points, as well as the offset information of the shot points and the detection points; Step 2: For a shot point, use the coordinates of the shot point, the detection point, and the offset information of the shot point and the detection point to obtain the new shot point coordinates; Step 3: Obtain the latest gun point coordinates; Step 4: Compare and analyze the latest shot point coordinates with the extracted shot point coordinates to determine the final output shot point coordinates; The fifth step is to process each shot point from the second step to the fourth step in turn to obtain the final output shot point coordinates of each shot point.

3. The method for automatically calculating the shot point position according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first step includes: First, prepare the original seismic data and load it into the observation system; Then, the coordinates of the shot points, the coordinates of the detection points, and the offset distances of the shot points and the detection points in the trace header information of the original seismic data are extracted.

4. The method for automatically calculating the shot point position according to claim 3, characterized in that: The raw seismic data refers to the seismic data that is not further processed after the observation system is defined.

5. The method for automatically calculating the shot point position according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second step includes: For a shot point, the coordinates of all the detection points within the first offset distance corresponding to the shot point are extracted, and the coordinates of all the detection points within the first offset distance are used for calculation to obtain the new shot point coordinates corresponding to the first offset distance; Then, the second offset to the last offset are calculated in turn to obtain the new shot point coordinates corresponding to each offset. The new shot point coordinates corresponding to all offsets are all the new shot point coordinates corresponding to the shot points.

6. The method for automatically calculating the shot point position according to claim 5, characterized in that: The operation adopts the least square operation.

7. The method for automatically calculating the shot point position according to claim 2, characterized in that: The third step includes: The mean of all new shot point coordinates corresponding to the shot point is obtained, and the mean is the latest shot point coordinate corresponding to the shot point.

8. The method for automatically calculating the shot point position according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fourth step includes: The difference z between the latest shot point coordinates and the extracted shot point coordinates is calculated using the following formula: Among them, (x2, y2) is the coordinate of the latest shot point, and (x1, y1) is the coordinate of the extracted shot point; If the difference z is less than one shot spacing, it is determined that there is no shot point offset, and the shot point coordinates finally output are determined to be the extracted shot point coordinates; If the difference z is greater than or equal to a shot spacing, it is determined that there is a shot point offset, and the shot point coordinates finally output are determined to be the latest shot point coordinates.

9. A system for automatically calculating the position of a gun point, characterized in that: The system comprises: Extraction unit: used to obtain the coordinates of shot points and detection points, as well as the offset information of shot points and detection points using the original seismic data; A unit for obtaining new shot point coordinates: connected to the extraction unit, and used for obtaining new shot point coordinates for a shot point by using the coordinates of the shot point and the detection point, as well as the offset information of the shot point and the detection point; Averaging unit: connected to the unit for obtaining new shot point coordinates, used to obtain the latest shot point coordinates; Determination unit: connected to the averaging unit, used to compare and analyze the latest shot point coordinates with the extracted shot point coordinates to determine the final output shot point coordinates; Output unit: connected to the judgment unit, outputs the final output shot point coordinates of each shot point.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores at least one computer-executable program, and when the at least one program is executed by the computer, the computer executes the steps of the method for automatically determining the position relationship of shot points according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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