Alpha-beta surface source simulation method, alpha-beta surface source monitoring simulation training system and application

Abstract

The invention relates to an alpha-beta surface source simulation method, an alpha-beta surface source monitoring simulation training system and an application, and is characterized in that a rectangular plane in an outdoor training ground is accurately positioned based on Beidou RTK positioning, computer and communication technologies and radiation characteristics of an alpha-beta surface radioactive source, the rectangular plane is divided into a plurality of grids with equal side lengths by a computer, and the grids are used for monitoring the alpha-beta surface source. And then a mathematical model is utilized to respectively calculate alpha-beta radiation intensity values of each grid of the rectangular plane, and the alpha-beta radiation intensity values are compiled into a spreadsheet for storage. The simulated surface radioactivity monitor also has an accurate positioning function, and when the central point of the detection window of the monitor directly faces a certain grid of the rectangular plane, the computer calls out the radiation intensity data of the grid, sends the radiation intensity data to the monitor and displays the radiation intensity data, so that the simulated surface radioactivity intensity measurement of one grid is completed. The data type simulation surface radioactive source is constructed, the simulation training cost is low, the green and environment-friendly requirements are met, and the same training effect of using a real surface radioactive source can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of nuclear radiation monitoring, and in particular relates to a method for simulating α, β surface radiation sources (αβ surface sources), a surface nuclear radiation monitoring simulation training system constructed based on the simulation method, and practical application of the simulation training system. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development and widespread application of nuclear science and technology, the popularization of nuclear safety knowledge and the prevention and disposal of nuclear accidents have attracted great attention from the country.

[0003] After a nuclear accident occurs, the nuclear radiation environment formed is complex and diverse, including gamma radiation, neutron radiation, and surface alpha and beta radiation. Timely monitoring of nuclear radiation intensity, defining the scope of radioactive contamination, and assessing the nature and level of radioactive contamination are the basic functions of the professional team for nuclear accident prevention and disposal.

[0004] Improving the knowledge level and professional skills of personnel in professional institutions for nuclear accident prevention and disposal, developing professional equipment, and strengthening the nuclear radiation protection capabilities of professional teams have become the top priority for national emergency management departments and professional teams.

[0005] Due to the hidden nature of nuclear radiation's harm to the human body and the country's strict control over radioactive sources, there are the following problems if real radioactive sources are used for nuclear radiation monitoring training. First, the radiation emitted by real radioactive sources will cause radiation damage to trainees, causing great fear and seriously affecting the training effect. Second, the country strictly controls the purchase and sale of radioactive sources, and the procedures for obtaining radioactive sources are cumbersome and difficult.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to build a simulation training system for nuclear radiation monitoring, explore a set of methods to train and assess the professional skills of professional teams and their ability to deal with nuclear accidents on site without using real radiation sources, and design and equip the simulated radiation sources and simulated monitors required for simulation training.

[0007] After a nuclear accident, radioactive materials will adhere to the surface of objects. Professional disposal teams will promptly measure the degree of α and β radioactive contamination on the surface of objects. This can not only prevent people from receiving radiation damage due to contact or accidental ingestion of the objects, but also provide a basis for the decontamination and disposal of radioactive contamination on the surface of objects. Summary of the invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to propose a method for simulating α and β surface radiation sources, and at the same time to construct a surface radiation source monitoring simulation training system and its practical application, so as to train professional team members in α and β radiation monitoring skills without using real α and β radiation sources.

[0009] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention proposes a technical solution for simulating α and β surface radiation sources, which is to arrange one or more rectangular plane objects in an outdoor training ground or draw one or more rectangular planes on the flat cement ground of the training ground, and use Beidou RTK positioning technology, computer technology and mobile wireless communication technology to determine the precise position (longitude, latitude and elevation) of the four corners of the rectangular plane of each object, and transmit the precise position information of the rectangular plane of each object to the computer through wireless communication, and the computer divides each rectangular plane into a number of 1 decimeter × 1 decimeter grids, and then the maximum value Rmax and the minimum value Rmin of the α and β surface radioactive contamination are preset by the computer or the personnel of the guidance and control center, and then use formula (1) to calculate the α and β radiation intensity values ​​R of the center points of each grid of the rectangular plane object respectively,

[0010]

[0011] Where, R is the α or β radiation intensity of any grid, Bq / dm 2 (Becq / sq dm)

[0012] r—radius of the circumscribed circle of the contamination distribution area, dm (decimeter);

[0013] Rmax—the maximum α or β radiation intensity of the central grid of the contaminated area, Bq / dm 2 ;

[0014] Rmin—α or β radiation intensity of the grid on the circumference of the area Bq / dm 2 ;

[0015] x—the position of the grid on the x-axis, dm;

[0016] y—the position of the grid on the y-axis, dm;

[0017] Only one α or β radiation intensity value R is calculated and assigned to each grid. Finally, all the assigned grid data are stored in an electronic spreadsheet compiled according to the position data in the computer, thereby forming an α or β surface radiation source simulated by the data, that is, each grid of each rectangular plane corresponds to a data in the computer electronic spreadsheet. When the detection window of the simulated surface radioactivity monitor with precise positioning function approaches and stays at a certain position of a rectangular plane, the simulated surface radioactivity monitor sends the position (longitude, latitude and altitude) of the center point of its detection window to the guidance center computer through wireless communication. The computer regards the grid facing the center point of the detection window of the simulated surface radioactivity monitor at this moment as the grid for surface radioactivity measurement, and then calls out the α or β radiation intensity value corresponding to the grid from the computer electronic spreadsheet and sends it to the simulated surface radioactivity monitor. The monitor converts the α or β data into Bq / cm 2The value in units of (Bcq / cm2) is sent and displayed, thereby completing the measurement of the simulated surface radioactivity intensity of a grid on the rectangular plane. When the simulated surface radioactivity monitor is moved to the next position on the rectangular plane, the process of measuring the simulated surface radioactivity intensity of the above grid is repeated until the measurement of all positions on the rectangular plane is completed.

[0018] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme of the αβ surface source monitoring simulation training system proposed by the present invention is that the system comprises a simulation training guidance center (hereinafter referred to as the guidance center), a positioning and communication base station, a simulation training field, a simulated α, β surface radiation source (hereinafter referred to as the simulated surface radiation source) and a simulated surface radioactivity monitor (hereinafter referred to as the simulated surface monitor).

[0019] The guidance and control center includes a computer, several software modules and functional modules; the software modules include a simulated surface radiation source and simulated surface monitor working status detection and control module, a simulated surface radiation source setting module, a simulated surface nuclear radiation field calculation and evaluation module, a simulated training subject setting module, a trainee training assessment module, and a trainee and simulation equipment information management module; the functional modules include a face recognition module and a QR code recognition module;

[0020] The positioning and communication base station includes a Beidou RTK positioning reference station, a mobile wireless communication base station, and an optical fiber switch. The Beidou RTK positioning reference station and the mobile wireless communication base station are respectively connected to the optical fiber switch by optical or electrical signals;

[0021] The simulation training ground is a ground and space area with specific topography and a certain area that can meet the requirements of nuclear radiation monitoring simulation training;

[0022] The simulated surface radiation source includes an object located in a simulated training ground and having a rectangular plane or a rectangular plane drawn on the training ground and a locator. The rectangular plane of the object may be horizontal, vertical, or inclined. The object may also be a three-dimensional object composed of multiple rectangular planes. The locator is composed of a Beidou RTK positioning module, a single-chip microcomputer, an acceleration sensor, an operation button, and a power supply. The locators are respectively placed at the four corners of the rectangular plane, and the locator sends the precise position information of the four corners of the rectangular plane to the guidance and adjustment center.

[0023] The simulated surface radiation monitor is composed of a mobile communication module, a Beidou RTK positioning module, a single-chip microcomputer, an α, β surface intensity value storage module, an acceleration sensor, an alarm and display, an operation panel and a power supply. The mobile communication module, the Beidou RTK positioning module, the acceleration sensor, the alarm and display, and the operation panel are all electrically connected to the single-chip microcomputer. The software module is pre-input into the single-chip microcomputer. The power supply provides electrical energy for the above-mentioned components and the single-chip microcomputer. The appearance, shape, weight, alarm mode, response time and operation panel of the simulated surface monitor are the same as those of the actual model of the surface radioactivity monitor.

[0024] The computer of the above-mentioned guidance and control center is connected to the optical fiber switch in the positioning and communication base station through an optical fiber or Ethernet cable by optical or electrical signals. The Beidou RTK positioning module in the above-mentioned simulated surface monitor obtains positioning reference information from the Beidou RTK positioning base station. The mobile wireless communication module in the above-mentioned simulated surface monitor maintains communication with the mobile wireless communication base station.

[0025] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention also provides a practical application of the α and β surface source monitoring simulation training system.

[0026] First, build a surface nuclear radiation monitoring simulation training system:

[0027] The system comprises a guidance and control center, a positioning and communication base station, a simulated training ground, a simulated surface radiation source and a simulated surface radiation monitor. The guidance and control center comprises a computer, a plurality of software modules and a functional module; the positioning and communication base station comprises a Beidou RTK positioning base station, a mobile wireless communication base station or an Ethernet, and an optical fiber switch. The Beidou RTK positioning base station and the mobile wireless communication base station are respectively connected to the optical fiber switch by optical or electrical signals; the simulated training ground is an area that can meet the requirements of surface radiation monitoring simulation training and has a specific topography and a determined area; the simulated surface radiation source is an object with a rectangular plane located in the simulated training ground or a rectangular plane drawn on the training ground, wherein the rectangular plane of the object is arranged horizontally, vertically, or inclined, or a three-dimensional object is formed by a plurality of rectangular planes;

[0028] Second, construct an outdoor surface nuclear radiation monitoring simulation training field and simulate the layout of surface radiation sources and their intensity preset:

[0029] The locators are placed at the four corners of the rectangular plane of the object in the simulation training field. The locators send the four corner position information (longitude, latitude and elevation) of the rectangular plane to the guidance and control center via wireless communication. The guidance and control center computer sets an identity code (ID) for the rectangular plane. The identity code is composed of the rectangular plane coordinate data. The guidance and control center computer also divides the rectangular plane into a number of equal-length grids, and then draws one or several radioactive surface contaminated areas of any shape composed of any grids on the rectangular plane. Then, for each area of ​​any shape, a circumscribed circle that can contain this area is drawn. The guidance and control center computer presets the radioactive intensity of the grid at the center of the circumscribed circle of each contaminated area as the maximum value Rmax, and presets the radioactive intensity of the grid on the circumference of the contaminated area as the minimum value Rmin. Then, the α or β radiation intensity R of any grid is calculated using formula (I). For a grid (1 decimeter × 1 decimeter), only one α or β radiation intensity value is calculated. The longitude, latitude and elevation (three-dimensional coordinates) assigned to this grid are based on the center point of the grid.

[0030]

[0031] Where, R is the α or β radiation intensity of any grid, Bq / dm 2

[0032] r—radius of the circumscribed circle of the contamination distribution area, dm;

[0033] Rmax—α or β radiation intensity of the center point grid, Bq / dm 2 ;

[0034] Rmin—α or β radiation intensity of the grid on the circumference of the area Bq / dm 2 ;

[0035] x—the position of the grid on the x-axis, dm;

[0036] y—the position of the grid on the y-axis, dm;

[0037] Repeat formula (1) to set the α or β radiation intensity value R in each grid of the rectangular plane, and store the α or β radiation intensity value R in an electronic table of the control center computer;

[0038] Third, simulated surface radioactivity monitors were put into practice in the simulated training field:

[0039] Each simulated surface radioactivity monitor has a unique ID. The measurement content can be set and assigned a function code. If the measurement content is α, the function code is 01; if the measurement content is β, the function code is 02; if the measurement content is α and β mixed measurement, the function code is 03. α and β mixed measurement, also known as scanning measurement, is only used to quickly detect surface radioactive contamination, and its measurement value is not adopted.

[0040] After the trainees start the simulated surface radioactivity monitor for self-test, the simulated surface radioactivity monitor is in the simulated monitoring working state. The simulated surface radioactivity monitor obtains Beidou RTK positioning reference information and its own Beidou positioning information through wireless communication, and then sends the two pieces of information to the Beidou RTK module of the simulated surface radioactivity monitor for joint calculation to obtain the precise positioning information of the simulated surface radioactivity monitor itself. Then, the simulated surface radioactivity monitor's own ID code and location information are sent to the guidance and control center through wireless communication.

[0041] When the detection window of the simulated surface radioactivity monitor is brought close to a rectangular plane of a simulated surface radioactive source and stays at a certain position of the rectangular plane, and the center point of the detection window of the simulated surface radioactivity monitor falls into a certain grid of the rectangular plane, it is considered that the simulated surface radioactivity monitor is measuring the surface radioactivity intensity at the grid position;

[0042] There are two monitoring methods for simulated surface radioactivity monitors:

[0043] The first method is the instrument assignment method by the guidance and control center. When the trainees set the simulated surface radioactivity monitor to α measurement, the instrument automatically assigns the function code 01 and sends it to the guidance and control center. The guidance and control center computer calls up the α radiation intensity value corresponding to the grid being measured from the spreadsheet and sends it to the simulated surface radioactivity monitor. The monitor converts the α data into Bq / cm 2 (Bq / cm2) is sent to the display, and an alarm is given if the threshold value is exceeded. When the trainee sets the simulated surface radioactivity monitor to β measurement, the instrument automatically assigns function code 02 and sends it to the guidance center. The computer of the guidance center calls up the β radiation intensity value corresponding to the grid being measured from the electronic table and sends it to the simulated surface radioactivity monitor. The monitor converts the β data into Bq / cm 2The value in units of (Beq / cm2) is sent to the display, and an alarm is given if the threshold value is exceeded; when the trainees set the simulated surface radioactivity monitor to α and β mixed measurement, the instrument automatically assigns function code 03 and sends it to the guidance center. The computer of the guidance center calls out the α and β radiation intensity values ​​corresponding to the grid being measured from the electronic spreadsheet, and sends the sum of the α and β radiation intensity values ​​to the simulated surface radioactivity monitor. The monitor converts the sum of the α plus β radiation intensity values ​​into a value in units of cps (pulses per second) and sends it to the display, and an alarm is given if the threshold value is exceeded; the measurement content may be changed at any time during training according to requirements, and the function code may be assigned and sent at any time;

[0044] The second method is the instrument self-checking table method. After obtaining the precise position information of the simulated surface radioactivity monitor, the control center computer confirms that the simulated surface radioactivity monitor is measuring a rectangular plane of a surface radioactive source, that is, it retrieves all grid α and β radiation intensity distribution data of the rectangular plane from the computer spreadsheet, sends them to the simulated surface radioactivity monitor at one time, and stores them in the memory of the simulated surface radioactivity monitor. When the measurement starts, the simulated surface radioactivity monitor obtains the Beidou RTK positioning reference information through wireless communication, obtains its own Beidou positioning information and performs joint calculation to obtain the precise position of the center point of the detection window of the simulated surface radioactivity monitor, and then retrieves a grid α or β radiation intensity value from its own spreadsheet according to its own position (longitude, latitude and elevation) and function code, or retrieves the α and β intensity values ​​at the same time and adds them together, and then converts the α or β radiation intensity value into Bq / cm 2 (Becq / cm2) is used as a unit, or the sum of the α plus β radiation intensity values ​​is converted into a value in cps (pulses per second) and sent to the display for display. If the α or β radiation intensity value or the sum of the α plus β radiation intensity values ​​exceeds the specified threshold, an alarm is triggered. At the same time, the position (longitude, latitude, and elevation) of the simulated surface radioactivity monitor at this moment, the ID code, and the α or β radiation intensity value are sent to the guidance and control center through wireless communication. The guidance and control center computer records and marks the data value at the corresponding position of the screen coordinates. After completing the simulated surface radioactivity measurement of a grid on the rectangular plane, the simulated surface radioactivity monitor is moved to the next position on the rectangular plane, and the above measurement process is repeated until the measurement of all positions on the rectangular plane is completed;

[0045] Fourth, evaluation of surface radioactivity monitoring simulation training results:

[0046] The displacement trajectory of the simulated surface radioactivity monitor's measurement process will be displayed on the computer screen of the guidance and command center, and the measured α or β radiation intensity value data of each grid will be intuitively displayed with the depth of color, forming a simulated surface radioactive contamination area with different color shades. The shape and α or β radiation intensity of the simulated surface radioactive contamination area obtained by actual measurement can be compared with the theoretical values ​​of the arbitrary shape surface radioactive contamination area and α or β radiation intensity pre-set by the computer of the guidance and command center, and the performance of the trainees can be judged by referring to the time taken by the trainees.

[0047] Advantages of the present invention:

[0048] 1. The present invention is based on Beidou RTK positioning technology, computer technology and mobile wireless communication technology to construct a data-based simulated surface radioactive source, which solves the simulation of real α and β surface radioactive sources in a specific training field, and can make the α and β surface nuclear radiation monitoring simulation training system low-cost and high-simulation, and can achieve the same training effect as using real α and β surface radioactive sources.

[0049] 2. The positioning accuracy provided by the Beidou RTK positioning technology of the present invention is at the centimeter level, which is two to three orders of magnitude higher than the accuracy of directly using Beidou positioning. It solves the crucial problem of accurate positioning for α and β surface radioactivity monitoring, making simulation training simple, effective and realistic.

[0050] 3. The simulated surface radiation source of the present invention only requires a plane, which can be a workbench or a wall, or a flat cement floor. It does not require any traditional simulated source materials (such as magnetic powder, luminescent powder, etc.), does not generate any simulated source garbage, does not pollute the environment, and has excellent cost performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the composition of the surface radiation source monitoring simulation training system of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the simulated surface radiation monitor of the present invention. Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the simulated surface radiation source locator of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of surface radioactive contamination distribution in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram comparing the measured results of the simulation training of the radioactive contaminated area on the surface of a simulated nuclear radiation field with the theoretical calculation results in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] In the above figures, 1 is a nuclear radiation simulation training guidance center, 2 is a positioning and communication base station, 3 is a nuclear radiation monitoring simulation training field, 4 is a simulated surface radioactivity monitor, 5 is a simulated surface radioactive source locator, 6 is a simulated surface radioactive source rectangular plane area, 11 is a simulated equipment state detection and control module, 12 is a simulated radioactive source setting module, 13 is a simulated nuclear radiation field calculation evaluation module, 14 is a simulated training subject setting module, 15 is a training assessment module for trainees, 16 is a personnel and equipment information management module, 17 is a face and QR code recognition module, 18 is a computer, 21 is a mobile wireless communication base station, 22 is an optical fiber switch 1 is a BeiDou RTK positioning base station, 23 is a BeiDou RTK positioning module, 41 is an alarm and display module, 43 is an operation panel, 44 is a single chip microcomputer, 45 is a mobile wireless communication module, 46 is an acceleration sensor, 47 is a power supply module, 48 is a surface intensity storage unit, 51 is a BeiDou RTK positioning module, 52 is a display module, 53 is a power supply, 54 is a mobile wireless communication module, 55 is a single chip microcomputer, 56 is an acceleration sensor, 61 is a simulated surface radiation source setting area, 62 is a simulated surface radiation source specific grid, 63 is a boundary for setting surface radioactive contamination, and 64 is a circumscribed circle for setting the range of surface radioactive contamination. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0057] Example:

[0058] First, we need to build a surface radioactive source monitoring simulation training system. Figure 1 As shown, the system consists of a nuclear radiation monitoring simulation training guidance center (hereinafter referred to as the guidance center), a positioning and communication base station, a nuclear radiation monitoring simulation training ground (hereinafter referred to as the simulation training ground), a simulated surface radiation source and a simulated surface radioactivity monitor.

[0059] 1. The guidance and dispatching center is composed of a computer 18 and software modules. The computer is used for data collection, processing, storage and display. The software module is a computing technology support module, and the functions of each software module are as follows:

[0060] (1) The simulation instrument status detection and control software module 11 monitors the working status of all simulation instruments, including the simulation radiation monitor, simulation radiation source, etc. When an instrument fails, it gives a fault alarm message and controls the opening and closing of the simulation radiation instrument or simulation source.

[0061] (2) a simulation radiation source setting software module 12, which has the functions of simulating the position, size, quantity setting and coordinate calculation of the radiation source on the surface;

[0062] (3) a simulation training field calculation and evaluation software module 13, which has the function of calculating the α or β radiation intensity value of each grid using a mathematical model according to the preset maximum value Rmax and minimum value Rmin of α or β radioactive contamination of each grid of the simulated surface radiation source;

[0063] (4) The simulation training subject setting software module 14 has the function of setting various training subjects according to needs.

[0064] (5) The training assessment software module 15 for trainees has the function of assessing and evaluating the training effect of the trainees on surface radiation monitoring simulation.

[0065] (6) Personnel and equipment information management module 16 has the function of managing the trainees and the simulated surface radiation monitor source, locator, etc. Such as the maintenance and use records of the simulated surface radiation monitor and locator, technical indicators and training performance records of the trainees, etc.

[0066] (7) Face and QR code recognition management module 17 has the function of face recognition and QR code recognition management. During training, it is necessary to bind the simulated surface radiation monitor to the trainees for easy management.

[0067] 2. The positioning and communication base station includes a Beidou RTK positioning base station 23, a mobile wireless communication base station 21, and a fiber optic switch 22. The fiber optic switch is a network transmission relay device.

[0068] (1) Beidou RTK positioning base station includes Beidou positioning module and Beidou RTK module. RTK (Real-time kinematic) carrier phase differential technology is a differential method for real-time processing of carrier phase observations of two measurement stations. Beidou RTK base station must be a fixed station. It measures and calculates multiple satellite signals over a long period of time and a large number of times to minimize the errors caused by various factors in order to obtain its own accurate positioning. Beidou RTK positioning base station is used to provide positioning reference for simulated surface radiation source locators and simulated surface radioactivity monitors. During simulation training, when the Beidou RTK positioning base station and the simulated surface radiation source locator or the simulated surface radiation monitor simultaneously receive information sent by the same satellite, the Beidou RTK positioning base station can quickly solve the positioning error caused by these satellite information, and then broadcast the positioning error through the mobile wireless communication base station. After the simulated surface radiation source or the simulated surface radiation monitor receives the positioning error sent by the Beidou RTK positioning base station, it transmits the Beidou positioning information and positioning error obtained by itself to its own RTK module for solution, thereby obtaining the precise positioning value of the simulated surface radiation source locator or the simulated surface radiation monitor, with a positioning accuracy of centimeters.

[0069] (2) Mobile communication base stations usually use mobile communication base stations based on the 4G / 5G standard. Simulation training grounds in developed areas can use mobile 4G / 5G public network communication base stations, and correspondingly, mobile public network communication modules must also be used in simulated surface monitors and simulated surface radiation source locators. For nuclear radiation monitoring simulation training in remote areas such as deserts and Gobi, where mobile public network communication signals cannot reach, mobile private network communication base stations can be used. Accordingly, mobile private network communication modules must also be used in simulated surface radiation source locators or simulated surface radioactivity monitors.

[0070] 3. Simulate surface radiation monitor 4, as attached Figure 2 shown.

[0071] The simulated surface radiation monitor is composed of a Beidou RTK positioning module 41, an alarm and display 42, an operation panel 43, a single-chip microcomputer 44, a 4G / 5G public network (private network) communication module 45, an acceleration sensor 46, a power supply 47 and a software module 48. The software module 48 includes a surface radioactivity intensity storage unit.

[0072] The appearance, shape, alarm display mode and operation method of the above-mentioned simulated surface radiation monitor should be the same as the simulated surface radiation monitor of its actual model. In addition, in order to enable the simulated surface radiation monitor to actively send data packets during simulation training, the simulated surface radiation monitor is designed to have a dual-purpose power switch without changing the original appearance and operation method of the simulated surface radiation monitor. The button needs to be pressed for more than 3 seconds to turn the power on and off. If the power switch is pressed twice quickly and the length of each time is no more than 1 second, the simulated surface radiation monitor will send a data packet (such as positioning information, measurement data, etc.) to the guidance and control center. The guidance and control center receives and stores the data packets sent by the simulated surface radiation monitor in real time, grasps the simulation training process, and assesses the simulation training results of the trainees. In order to simulate the training, the simulated surface radiation monitor can actively send function codes. Under the premise of not changing the original appearance and operation mode of the simulated surface radiation monitor, the simulated surface radiation monitor can directly transmit the key information of the trainee's setting of the measurement content to the single-chip microcomputer in the instrument. After obtaining the measurement content information, the single-chip microcomputer compiles the function code and immediately sends it to the guidance and adjustment center. The guidance and adjustment center retrieves the corresponding data according to the function code agreement and sends it to the monitor; if the measurement content is set to α measurement, the single-chip microcomputer compiles it into function code 01 and sends it to the guidance and adjustment center. The guidance and adjustment center retrieves the corresponding α data in the α radioactivity intensity electronic form and sends it to the simulated surface radiation monitor; during the training, the trainees can set the measurement content at any time, and the single-chip microcomputer can compile the function code at any time and send it at any time;

[0073] 4. Simulate the layout of surface radiation sources and the setting of surface radioactivity intensity

[0074] In the outdoor training ground, a plurality of rectangular plane objects or a plurality of rectangular planes drawn on the flat cement ground of the training ground are arranged, and a positioner 5 with a precise positioning function (see attached Figure 3 ) are placed at the four corners of the rectangular plane, respectively, and the precise positions (longitude, latitude and altitude) of the four corners of the rectangular plane are determined respectively, and the precise position information of the four corners of each rectangular plane in the simulation training field is transmitted to the guidance and control center computer through wireless communication. The guidance and control center computer sets an identity code (ID) for it according to the precise position information of each rectangular plane, and divides each rectangular plane into a number of grids with equal sides (1 decimeter × 1 decimeter), and then draws one or several radioactive surface contaminated areas of any shape composed of any number of grids on the rectangular plane, and then draws a circumscribed circle that can contain this area for each area of ​​any shape. The guidance and control center computer presets the radioactive intensity of the grid at the center of the circumscribed circle of each contaminated area as the maximum value Rmax, and presets the radioactive intensity of the grid on the circumference of the contaminated area as the minimum value Rmin, and the longitude, latitude and altitude (three-dimensional coordinates) assigned to this grid are based on the center point of the grid.

[0075] Then, the α and β radiation intensity values ​​R of the center points of each grid on the rectangular plane are calculated using formula (I).

[0076]

[0077] Where, R is the α or β radiation intensity of any grid, Bq / dm 2

[0078] r—radius of the circumscribed circle of the contamination distribution area, dm;

[0079] Rmax—α or β radiation intensity of the center point grid, Bq / dm 2 ;

[0080] Rmin—α or β radiation intensity of the grid on the circumference of the area Bq / dm 2 ;

[0081] x—the position of the grid on the x-axis, dm;

[0082] y—the position of the grid on the y-axis, dm;

[0083] Only one α or β radiation intensity value R is calculated and assigned to one grid, and finally all the assigned grid data are stored in a computer spreadsheet, thereby forming an α or β surface radiation source simulated by the data, that is, each grid of each rectangular plane corresponds to one data in the computer spreadsheet;

[0084] In this embodiment, the rectangular plane arranged in the simulation training field can be horizontal, vertical, or inclined. Each grid center point in the rectangular plane corresponds to the Beidou RTK precise positioning (longitude, latitude, and elevation), and is described by the xyz three-dimensional coordinate system. The horizontal rectangular plane is x≠0, y≠0, and z=0 (assigning the center point of the x, y plane grid), the vertical rectangular plane is x≠0, y=0, and z≠0 (assigning the center point of the x, z plane grid), and the inclined rectangular plane is x≠0, y≠0, and z≠0 (assigning the center point of the x, z plane grid). ， Plane grid center point, z ， ≤z).

[0085] In this embodiment, the surface radioactive contamination distribution is as shown in the attached Figure 4 shown.

[0086] Second, start simulating the surface radioactive contamination measurement of α and β rays.

[0087] Each simulated surface radioactivity monitor has a unique ID. The measurement content can be set and assigned a function code. If the measurement content is α, the function code is 01; if the measurement content is β, the function code is 02; if the measurement content is α and β mixed measurement, the function code is 03. α and β mixed measurement, also known as scanning measurement, is only used to quickly detect surface radioactive contamination, and its measurement value is not adopted.

[0088] After the trainees start the simulated surface radioactivity monitor for self-test, the simulated surface radioactivity monitor is in the simulated monitoring working state. The simulated surface radioactivity monitor obtains Beidou RTK positioning reference information and its own Beidou positioning information through wireless communication, and then sends the two pieces of information to the Beidou RTK module of the simulated surface radioactivity monitor for joint calculation to obtain the precise positioning information of the simulated surface radioactivity monitor itself. Then, the simulated surface radioactivity monitor's own ID code and location information are sent to the guidance and control center through wireless communication.

[0089] When the detection window of the simulated surface radioactivity monitor is brought close to a rectangular plane of a simulated surface radioactive source and continuously stays at a certain position of the rectangular plane, and the center point of the sensitive area of ​​the detection window of the simulated surface radioactivity monitor falls into a certain grid of the rectangular plane, it is considered that the simulated surface radioactivity monitor is measuring the surface radioactivity intensity at the position of the grid;

[0090] When the trainees set the simulated surface radioactivity monitor to α measurement, the instrument automatically assigns function code 01 and sends it to the guidance center. The guidance center computer calls up the α radiation intensity value corresponding to the grid being measured from the spreadsheet and sends it to the simulated surface radioactivity monitor. The monitor converts the α data into Bq / cm 2(Bq / cm2) is sent to the display, and an alarm is given if the threshold value is exceeded. When the trainee sets the simulated surface radioactivity monitor to β measurement, the instrument automatically assigns function code 02 and sends it to the guidance center. The computer of the guidance center calls up the β radiation intensity value corresponding to the grid being measured from the electronic table and sends it to the simulated surface radioactivity monitor. The monitor converts the β data into Bq / cm 2 The value in units of (Beq / cm2) is sent to the display, and an alarm is given if the threshold value is exceeded; when the trainees set the simulated surface radioactivity monitor to α and β mixed measurement, the instrument automatically assigns function code 03 and sends it to the guidance and control center. The computer of the guidance and control center calls out the α and β radiation intensity values ​​corresponding to the grid being measured from the electronic spreadsheet, and sends the sum of the α plus β radiation intensity values ​​to the simulated surface radioactivity monitor. The monitor converts the sum of the α plus β radiation intensity values ​​into a value in units of cps (pulses per second) and sends it to the display, and an alarm is given if the threshold value is exceeded; the measurement content may be changed at any time during training according to requirements, and the function code may be assigned and sent at any time;

[0091] After obtaining the precise position information of the simulated surface radioactivity monitor, the computer of the guidance and control center confirms that the simulated surface radioactivity monitor is measuring the rectangular plane of a certain surface radioactive source. It can also retrieve all grid α and β radiation intensity distribution data of the rectangular plane from the computer spreadsheet, send them to the simulated surface radioactivity monitor at one time, and store them in the memory of the simulated surface radioactivity monitor. When starting the measurement, the simulated surface radioactivity monitor obtains the Beidou RTK positioning reference information through wireless communication, obtains its own Beidou positioning information and performs joint calculation to obtain the precise position of the center point of the detection window of the simulated surface radioactivity monitor, and then retrieves a grid α or β radiation intensity value from its own spreadsheet according to its own position (longitude, latitude and elevation) and function code, or retrieves the α and β intensity values ​​at the same time and adds them together, and then converts the α or β radiation intensity value into Bq / cm 2 (Becq / cm2) or the sum of α plus β radiation intensity values ​​is converted into a value in cps (pulses per second) and sent to the display of the simulated surface radioactivity monitor for display. If the α or β radiation intensity value or the sum of α plus β radiation intensity values ​​exceeds the specified threshold, an alarm is triggered. At the same time, the position (longitude, latitude, and elevation) of the simulated surface radioactivity monitor at this moment, the ID code, and the α or β radiation intensity value are sent to the guidance and control center through wireless communication. The computer of the guidance and control center records and marks the data value at the corresponding position of the screen coordinates. After completing the simulated surface radioactivity measurement of one grid of the rectangular plane, the simulated surface radioactivity monitor is moved to the next position of the rectangular plane, and the above measurement process is repeated until the measurement of all positions of the rectangular plane is completed;

[0092] When all grid measurements of the simulated surface radioactive contamination area are completed, the displacement trajectory of the simulated surface radioactivity monitor and each measured grid data will be displayed on the screen of the command center, forming a simulated surface radioactive contamination area with different shades of color.

[0093] Third, evaluate the results of surface radioactivity monitoring simulation training.

[0094] The computer screen of the guidance center will display the displacement trajectory of the simulated surface radioactivity monitor during the measurement process, and use the depth of color to intuitively display the α or β radiation intensity value data measured for each grid, forming a simulated surface radioactive contamination area with different color depths, such as the attached Figure 5 As shown, the shape of the simulated surface radioactive contamination area obtained by the actual measurement is the dotted line P 实测 The α or β radiation intensity can be compared with the surface radiation contamination area of ​​any shape solid line P preset by the guidance center computer 计算 By comparing with the theoretical value of α or β radiation intensity and referring to the time taken by the trainees, the performance of the trainees can be judged.

Claims

1. αβ surface source simulation method, characterized by: In an outdoor training ground, one or more rectangular plane objects are arranged or one or more rectangular planes are drawn on the flat cement ground of the training ground. The Beidou RTK positioning technology, computer technology and mobile wireless communication technology are used to determine the precise position (longitude, latitude and elevation) of the four corners of each rectangular plane of each object, and the precise position information of the rectangular plane of each object is transmitted to the computer through wireless communication. The computer divides each rectangular plane into several 1 decimeter × 1 decimeter grids, and then the maximum value Rmax and minimum value Rmin of the α or β surface radioactive contamination are preset by the computer or the guidance and control center personnel, and then the α and β radiation intensity values ​​R of each grid of the rectangular plane object are calculated respectively using formula (I). Where, R is the α or β radiation intensity of any grid, Bq / dm 2 (Becq / sq dm) r—radius of the circumscribed circle of the contamination distribution area, dm (decimeter); Rmax—α or β radiation intensity of the central grid of the contaminated area, Bq / dm 2 ; Rmin—α or β radiation intensity of the grid on the circumference of the area Bq / dm 2 ; x—the position of the grid on the x-axis, dm; y—the position of the grid on the y-axis, dm; Only one α or β radiation intensity value R is calculated and assigned to each grid. Finally, all the assigned grid data are stored in an electronic spreadsheet compiled in the computer according to the position data, thereby forming an α or β surface radiation source simulated by the data, that is, each grid of each rectangular plane corresponds to a data in the computer electronic spreadsheet. When the detection window of the simulated surface radioactivity monitor with precise positioning function approaches and stays at a certain position of a rectangular plane, the simulated surface radioactivity monitor sends the position (longitude, latitude and altitude) of the center point of its detection window to the computer through wireless communication. The computer regards the grid facing the center point of the detection window of the simulated surface radioactivity monitor at this moment as the grid for surface radioactivity measurement, and then calls out the α or β radiation intensity value corresponding to the grid from the computer electronic spreadsheet and sends it to the simulated surface radioactivity monitor. The monitor converts the α or β data into Bq / cm 2 The value in units of (Bcq / cm2) is sent to the display, thereby completing the measurement of the simulated surface radioactivity intensity of a grid on the rectangular plane. When the simulated surface radioactivity monitor is moved to the next position on the rectangular plane, the process of measuring the simulated surface radioactivity intensity of the above grid is repeated until the measurement of all positions on the rectangular plane is completed.

2. αβ surface source monitoring simulation training system, characterized by: The system consists of a simulated training guidance center (hereinafter referred to as the guidance center), a positioning and communication base station, a simulated training ground, simulated α and β surface radiation sources (hereinafter referred to as simulated surface radiation sources) and a simulated surface radioactivity monitor (hereinafter referred to as the simulated surface monitor); The guidance and control center includes a computer, several software modules and functional modules; the software modules include a simulated surface radiation source and simulated surface monitor working status detection and control module, a simulated surface radiation source setting module, a simulated surface nuclear radiation field calculation and evaluation module, a simulated training subject setting module, a trainee training assessment module, and a trainee and simulation equipment information management module; the functional modules include a face recognition module and a QR code recognition module; The positioning and communication base station includes a Beidou RTK positioning reference station, a mobile wireless communication base station, and an optical fiber switch. The Beidou RTK positioning reference station and the mobile wireless communication base station are respectively connected to the optical fiber switch by optical or electrical signals; The simulation training ground is a ground and space area with specific topography and a certain area that can meet the requirements of nuclear radiation monitoring simulation training; The simulated surface radiation source includes an object located in a simulated training ground and having a rectangular plane or a rectangular plane drawn on the training ground and a locator. The rectangular plane of the object may be horizontal, vertical, or inclined. The object may also be a three-dimensional object composed of multiple rectangular planes. The locator is composed of a Beidou RTK positioning module, a single-chip microcomputer, an acceleration sensor, an operation button, and a power supply. The locators are respectively placed at the four corners of the rectangular plane, and the locator sends the precise position information of the four corners of the rectangular plane to the guidance and adjustment center. The simulated surface radiation monitor is composed of a mobile communication module, a Beidou RTK positioning module, a single-chip microcomputer, an α, β surface intensity value storage module, an acceleration sensor, an alarm and display, an operation panel and a power supply. The mobile communication module, the Beidou RTK positioning module, the acceleration sensor, the alarm and display, and the operation panel are all electrically connected to the single-chip microcomputer. The software module is pre-input into the single-chip microcomputer. The power supply provides electrical energy for the above-mentioned components and the single-chip microcomputer. The appearance, shape, weight, alarm mode, response time and operation panel of the simulated surface monitor are the same as those of the actual model of the surface radioactivity monitor. The computer of the above-mentioned guidance and control center is connected to the optical fiber switch in the positioning and communication base station through an optical fiber or Ethernet cable by optical or electrical signals. The Beidou RTK positioning module in the above-mentioned simulated surface monitor obtains positioning reference information from the Beidou RTK positioning base station. The mobile wireless communication module in the above-mentioned simulated surface monitor maintains communication with the mobile wireless communication base station.

3. Application of αβ surface source monitoring simulation training system, characterized by: First, build a surface nuclear radiation monitoring simulation training system: The system comprises a guidance and control center, a positioning and communication base station, a simulated training ground, a simulated surface radiation source and a simulated surface radiation monitor. The guidance and control center comprises a computer, a plurality of software modules and a functional module; the positioning and communication base station comprises a Beidou RTK positioning base station, a mobile wireless communication base station and an optical fiber switch, and the Beidou RTK positioning base station and the mobile wireless communication base station are respectively connected to the optical fiber switch by optical or electrical signals; the simulated training ground is an area that can meet the requirements of surface radiation monitoring simulation training and has a specific topography and a determined area; the simulated surface radiation source is an object with a rectangular plane located in the simulated training ground or a rectangular plane drawn on the training ground, and the rectangular plane of the object is either horizontally arranged, vertically arranged, or inclined, or a plurality of rectangular planes constitute a three-dimensional object; Second, construct an outdoor surface nuclear radiation monitoring simulation training field and simulate the layout of surface radiation sources and their intensity preset: The locators are placed at the four corners of the rectangular plane of the object in the simulation training field. The locators send the four corner position information (longitude, latitude and elevation) of the rectangular plane to the guidance and control center via wireless communication. The guidance and control center computer sets an identity code (ID) for the rectangular plane. The identity code is composed of the rectangular plane coordinate data. The guidance and control center computer also divides the rectangular plane into a number of equilateral grids, and then draws one or several radioactive surface contaminated areas of any shape composed of any grids on the rectangular plane. Then, for each area of ​​any shape, a circumscribed circle that can contain this area is drawn. The guidance and control center computer presets the radioactive intensity of the grid at the center of the circumscribed circle of each contaminated area as the maximum value Rmax, and presets the radioactive intensity of the grid on the circumference of the contaminated area as the minimum value Rmin. Then, the α or β radiation intensity R of any grid is calculated using formula (I). A grid (1 decimeter × 1 decimeter) only calculates a given α or β radiation intensity value. The longitude, latitude and elevation (three-dimensional coordinates) assigned to this grid are based on the center point of the grid. Where, R is the α or β radiation intensity of any grid, Bq / dm 2 r—radius of the circumscribed circle of the contamination distribution area, dm; Rmax—α or β radiation intensity of the center point grid, Bq / dm 2 ; Rmin—α or β radiation intensity of the grid on the circumference of the area Bq / dm 2 ; x—the position of the grid on the x-axis, dm; y—the position of the grid on the y-axis, dm; Repeat formula (1) to set the α or β radiation intensity value R in each grid of the rectangular plane, and store the α or β radiation intensity value R in an electronic table of the control center computer; Third, simulated surface radioactivity monitors were put into practice in the simulated training field: Each simulated surface radioactivity monitor has a unique ID. The measurement content can be set and assigned a function code. If the measurement content is α, the function code is 01; if the measurement content is β, the function code is 02; if the measurement content is α and β mixed measurement, the function code is 03. α and β mixed measurement, also known as scanning measurement, is only used to quickly detect surface radioactive contamination, and its measurement value is not adopted. After the trainees start the simulated surface radioactivity monitor for self-test, the simulated surface radioactivity monitor is in the simulated monitoring working state. The simulated surface radioactivity monitor obtains Beidou RTK positioning reference information and its own Beidou positioning information through wireless communication, and then sends the two pieces of information to the Beidou RTK module of the simulated surface radioactivity monitor for joint calculation to obtain the precise positioning information of the simulated surface radioactivity monitor itself. Then, the simulated surface radioactivity monitor's own ID code and location information are sent to the guidance and control center through wireless communication. When the detection window of the simulated surface radioactivity monitor is brought close to a rectangular plane of a simulated surface radioactive source and stays at a certain position of the rectangular plane, and the center point of the detection window of the simulated surface radioactivity monitor falls into a certain grid of the rectangular plane, it is considered that the simulated surface radioactivity monitor is measuring the surface radioactivity intensity at the grid position; There are two monitoring methods for simulated surface radioactivity monitors: The first method is the instrument assignment method by the guidance and control center. When the trainees set the simulated surface radioactivity monitor to α measurement, the instrument automatically assigns the function code 01 and sends it to the guidance and control center. The guidance and control center computer calls up the α radiation intensity value corresponding to the grid being measured from the spreadsheet and sends it to the simulated surface radioactivity monitor. The monitor converts the α data into Bq / cm 2 (Bq / cm2) is sent to the display, and an alarm is given if the threshold value is exceeded. When the trainee sets the simulated surface radioactivity monitor to β measurement, the instrument automatically assigns function code 02 and sends it to the guidance center. The computer of the guidance center calls up the β radiation intensity value corresponding to the grid being measured from the electronic table and sends it to the simulated surface radioactivity monitor. The monitor converts the β data into Bq / cm 2 (Beq / cm2) is used for display, and an alarm is given when the threshold value is exceeded. When the trainees set the simulated surface radioactivity monitor to α and β mixed measurement, the instrument automatically assigns function code 03 and sends it to the guidance and control center. The computer of the guidance and control center calls out the α and β radiation intensity values ​​corresponding to the grid being measured from the electronic spreadsheet, and sends the sum of the α plus β radiation intensity values ​​to the simulated surface radioactivity monitor. The monitor converts the sum of the α plus β radiation intensity values ​​into a value in cps (pulses per second) for display, and an alarm is given when the threshold value is exceeded. The measurement content during training may be changed at any time according to requirements, and the function code can be assigned and sent at any time; The second method is the instrument self-checking table method. After obtaining the precise position information of the simulated surface radioactivity monitor, the control center computer confirms that the simulated surface radioactivity monitor is measuring a rectangular plane of a surface radioactive source, that is, it retrieves all grid α and β radiation intensity distribution data of the rectangular plane from the computer spreadsheet, sends them to the simulated surface radioactivity monitor at one time, and stores them in the memory of the simulated surface radioactivity monitor. When the measurement starts, the simulated surface radioactivity monitor obtains the Beidou RTK positioning reference information through wireless communication, obtains its own Beidou positioning information and performs joint calculation to obtain the precise position of the center point of the detection window of the simulated surface radioactivity monitor, and then retrieves a grid α or β radiation intensity value from its own spreadsheet according to its own position (longitude, latitude and elevation) and function code, or retrieves the α and β intensity values ​​at the same time and adds them together, and then converts the α or β radiation intensity value into Bq / cm 2 (Becq / cm2) is used as a unit, or the sum of the α plus β radiation intensity values ​​is converted into a value in cps (pulses per second) and sent to the display for display. If the α or β radiation intensity value or the sum of the α plus β radiation intensity values ​​exceeds the specified threshold, an alarm is triggered. At the same time, the position (longitude, latitude, and elevation) of the simulated surface radioactivity monitor at this moment, the ID code, and the α or β radiation intensity value are sent to the guidance and control center through wireless communication. The guidance and control center computer records and marks the data value at the corresponding position of the screen coordinates. After completing the simulated surface radioactivity measurement of a grid on the rectangular plane, the simulated surface radioactivity monitor is moved to the next position on the rectangular plane, and the above measurement process is repeated until the measurement of all positions on the rectangular plane is completed; Fourth, evaluation of surface radioactivity monitoring simulation training results: The displacement trajectory of the simulated surface radioactivity monitor's measurement process will be displayed on the computer screen of the guidance and command center, and the measured α or β radiation intensity value data of each grid will be intuitively displayed with the depth of color, forming a simulated surface radioactive contamination area with different color shades. The shape and α or β radiation intensity of the simulated surface radioactive contamination area obtained by actual measurement can be compared with the theoretical values ​​of the arbitrary shape surface radioactive contamination area and α or β radiation intensity pre-set by the computer of the guidance and command center, and the performance of the trainees can be judged by referring to the time taken by the trainees.

Images