Antenna structure and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to an antenna structure and electronic equipment. The antenna structure comprises a radiation branch, and the radiation branch comprises a first upper frame point and a second upper frame point. An antenna breaking joint is formed between the parasitic branch knot and the radiation branch knot; the feed end is connected to the first upper frame point, and the feed end is used for feeding in a signal of a first frequency band and a signal of a second frequency band; the tuning circuit comprises a switching device and tuning elements, any tuning element is connected in series between the switching device and the second upper frame point, and the switching device is grounded; one end of the last-stage matching inductor is directly connected with the feed end, the other end of the last-stage matching inductor is connected with the switching device, and the switching device switches on and off of the first matching inductor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of terminal technology, and in particular to an antenna structure and an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the development of data communication technology, in order to improve the communication of equipment, the number of antennas required to be configured inside the equipment has also increased accordingly. The antenna layout and antenna design inside the equipment have become the focus of research and development personnel. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present disclosure provides an antenna structure and an electronic device to solve the deficiencies in the related art.

[0004] According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided an antenna structure, including:

[0005] A radiating branch node, wherein the radiating branch node includes a first upper frame point and a second upper frame point;

[0006] A parasitic branch, wherein an antenna gap is formed between the parasitic branch and the radiation branch;

[0007] A feeding end, the feeding end is connected to the first upper frame point, and the feeding end is used to feed signals of the first frequency band and signals of the second frequency band;

[0008] A tuning circuit, the tuning circuit comprising a switch device and a tuning element, any of the tuning elements are connected in series between the switch device and the second upper frame point, and the switch device is grounded;

[0009] A final-stage matching inductor, one end of which is directly connected to the feeding end, and the other end of which is connected to the switching device, and the switching device switches the first matching inductor on and off.

[0010] Optionally, when the switching device only turns on the final-stage matching inductor, the radiation frequency band of the antenna structure covers at least one frequency band in the 5G frequency band.

[0011] Optionally, when any of the tuning elements and the radiation branch are turned on, the final-stage matching inductor is in a disconnected state.

[0012] Optionally, a matching circuit is further included, wherein the matching circuit is connected between the first upper frame point and the feeding end, and the matching circuit is connected in parallel with the final-stage matching inductor.

[0013] Optionally, a bypass inductor is also included, one end of the bypass inductor is grounded, and the other end is connected to the second upper frame point.

[0014] Optionally, the distance between the first upper frame point and the end of the radiating branch forming the antenna break is a first distance, and the first distance is 1 / 4 of the length of the radiating branch.

[0015] Optionally, the spacing between the second upper frame point and the end of the radiating branch forming the antenna break is a second spacing, the second spacing is the difference between two-thirds of the length of the radiating branch and one-third of the length of the parasitic branch, and the second spacing is greater than the first spacing.

[0016] Optionally, the length of the parasitic branch is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 7 mm.

[0017] Optionally, the length of the radiation branch is greater than or equal to 18 mm and less than or equal to 21 mm.

[0018] According to a second aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided an electronic device, including:

[0019] Middle frame;

[0020] In the antenna structure as described in any of the above embodiments, the radiation branches and parasitic branches of the antenna structure are partial frame segments of the middle frame.

[0021] The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure may have the following beneficial effects:

[0022] It can be seen from the above embodiments that the present disclosure provides an antenna structure, which feeds signals in the first frequency band and the second frequency band through the same feeding end, without setting a filtering circuit, thereby reducing the loss caused by the introduction of the filtering circuit; at the same time, different matching can be performed for radio frequency signals of different frequency bands fed by the same feeding end through the final matching inductor, which is beneficial to optimizing the matching effect of each frequency band. At the same time, the final matching inductor is directly connected to the feeding end, which is beneficial to reducing the performance loss caused by the introduction of the switching device.

[0023] It is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the present disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an antenna in the related technology.

[0026] Figure 2 The diagram is a schematic diagram showing radiation branches and parasitic branches formed by a metal frame according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0027] Figure 3 The figure is a topological diagram of an antenna structure according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0028] Figure 4 is an S parameter simulation curve diagram of an antenna structure in different modes according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0029] Figure 5 The antenna structure and Figure 1 Comparison of the efficiency of antennas in various mid- and high-frequency bands in related technologies.

[0030] Figure 6 The antenna structure and Figure 1 Comparison of the efficiency of antennas in various Sub 6G frequency bands in related technologies.

[0031] Figure 7 is another antenna structure topology diagram shown according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0032] Figure 8 is a dimension identification diagram of an antenna structure according to an exemplary embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present disclosure. Instead, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present disclosure as detailed in the appended claims.

[0034] The terms used in this disclosure are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the disclosure. The singular forms of "a", "said" and "the" used in this disclosure and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0035] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used in the present disclosure to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, the first information may also be referred to as the second information, and similarly, the second information may also be referred to as the first information. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at the time of" or "when" or "in response to determining".

[0036] With the development of the terminal communication industry, the communication frequency bands used in electronic devices are gradually increasing. At the same time, considering portability, the size of the whole device cannot be further increased, which brings challenges to the design and layout of device antennas. In order to meet communication needs and device layout, an antenna in the device may need to meet multi-band performance, such as the need to meet the mid-high frequency band (1.7GHz-3GHz) and Sub 6G band (for example, N78 band and N79 band).

[0037] Taking the mid-high frequency band and the Sub 6G frequency band as an example, in a related technology, Figure 1 As shown, the antenna is located on the metal frame of the electronic device, and the antenna may include a main branch 101 and a parasitic branch 102, with a gap 103 between the main branch 101 and the parasitic branch 102. The antenna may also include a medium-high frequency feeding port 104 and a Sub 6G feeding port 105, and the medium-high frequency feeding port 104 and the Sub 6G feeding port 105 are connected to the circuit board configured by the electronic device through corresponding metal springs. The radio frequency signal at the radio frequency end can be fed into the main branch 101 through the metal spring and the corresponding feeding port to generate an electromagnetic wave signal of the corresponding frequency band. The variable current fed into the medium and high frequency feeding port 104 is mainly concentrated in the main branch node 101, and the resonance in the medium and high frequency band is mainly formed through the current mode of the main branch node 101. The variable current fed into the Sub 6G feeding port 105 can be in the main branch node 101, and at the same time, it is coupled with the gap between the parasitic branch node 102 and the main branch node 101. The variable current is also formed in the parasitic branch node 102, and the resonance in the Sub 6G frequency band is formed through the respective current modes or mixed modes of the parasitic branch node 102 and the main branch node 101.

[0038] In this related technology, the mid-high frequency feeding port 104 and the Sub 6G feeding port 105 are arranged adjacent to each other, so the matching circuit connected to the two feeding ports also needs to play a filtering role to reduce the mutual influence between the respective frequency bands. However, the addition of the filtering circuit will introduce additional loss in the Sub 6G frequency band, affecting the antenna performance.

[0039] Therefore, the present disclosure provides an antenna structure. Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing a metal frame forming radiation branches and parasitic branches according to an exemplary embodiment, Figure 3 is a topological diagram of an antenna structure according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the antenna structure may include a radiation branch 1, a parasitic branch 2, a feeding terminal 3, a final matching inductor 4 and a tuning circuit 5. An antenna gap 6 is formed between the radiation branch 1 and the parasitic branch 2. Figure 1As shown in, the radiating branch 1 and the parasitic branch 2 can both be part of the side frame segment of the metal frame. The radiating branch 1 can include a first upper frame point 11 and a second upper frame point 12. The first upper frame point 11 can be connected to the feeding end 3, so that the signal of the first frequency band and the signal of the second frequency band can be fed into the feeding end 3, and the radiating branch 1 and the parasitic branch 2 are stimulated to generate their own current modes, and the mixed mode between the radiating branch 1 and the parasitic branch 2 forms resonance in the first frequency band and the second frequency band, thereby realizing the coverage of the antenna signal of the first frequency band and the antenna signal of the second frequency band by the antenna structure.

[0040] The tuning circuit 5 may include a switch device 51 and a tuning element 52. The switch device 51 is grounded. Any tuning element 52 is connected in series between the switch device 51 and the second upper frame point 12. Multiple tuning elements 52 are connected in parallel. The switch device 51 can be used to switch the tuning element 52 that is connected to the radiation branch 1. For example, Figure 2 As shown in , the tuning circuit 5 may include three tuning elements 52. At the same time, one or more of the three tuning elements 52 may be switched to be connected to the radiation branch 1 through the switch device 51. In this way, the feeding end 3 is connected to the first upper frame point 11 to feed the signal in the first frequency end and the signal in the second frequency band through the same feeding end 3. The tuning circuit 5 is connected to the second upper frame point 12. The working frequency band of the antenna structure can be switched through the tuning circuit 5 without setting a filtering circuit, which is beneficial to reducing the loss of the Sub 6G frequency band. At the same time, the frequency band is switched through the tuning circuit 5 to achieve multi-band coverage of the antenna structure.

[0041] One end of the final matching inductor 4 is directly connected to the feeding terminal 3, and the other end of the final matching inductor 4 is connected to the switch device 51. The final matching inductor 4 can be switched on and off by the switch device 51, so that the impedance matching circuit of the antenna structure can be switched by the switch device 51, that is, when the final matching inductor 4 is turned on, a configuration of the impedance matching circuit is obtained, and when the final matching inductor 4 is turned off, another configuration of the impedance matching circuit can be obtained, which is conducive to different matching for RF signals of different frequency bands fed into the same feeding terminal 3, thereby facilitating the optimization of the matching effect of each frequency band. At the same time, the final matching inductor 4 is directly connected to the feeding terminal 3, that is, no other electronic components are loaded on the circuit between the feeding terminal 3 and the final matching inductor 4, which is conducive to reducing the loss of the antenna structure. Specifically, when only the final matching inductor 4 is turned on by the switch device 51, and other tuning elements 52 are turned off, the radiation frequency band of the antenna structure covers at least one frequency band in the 5G frequency band, for example, the radiation frequency band of the antenna structure covers at least one frequency band among N77, N78 and N79.

[0042] In this embodiment, the switch device 51 can be connected in series with a plurality of tuning elements 52, and the plurality of tuning elements 52 are connected in parallel with each other. The tuning element 52 that is connected to the radiation branch 1 is switched by the switch device 51, and when any tuning element 52 is connected to the radiation branch 1, the final matching inductor 4 is in a disconnected state. In other words, when the radiation frequency band of the antenna structure covers any one or more frequency bands in the aforementioned embodiments, full matching can be achieved by configuring an impedance matching circuit with a final matching inductor 4, without the need for tuning by the tuning circuit 5, while in other working frequency bands, matching can be achieved by using an impedance matching circuit without configuring a final matching inductor 4, and at the same time, the tuning element 52 that is connected to the radiation branch 1 is switched by the switch device 51, and solid line tuning is performed.

[0043] Taking the first frequency band signal in the aforementioned embodiment as a medium-high frequency RF signal and the second frequency band signal as a Sub6G RF signal as an example, the feeding end 3 can be used to feed in medium-high frequency RF signals and Sub 6G RF signals, and the Sub 6G frequency band corresponding to the Sub 6G RF signal can form resonance within the corresponding frequency band through the respective current modes of the radiating branch 1 and the parasitic branch 2, and the mixed mode of the radiating branch 1 and the parasitic branch 2.

[0044] When the first frequency band signal is a medium-high frequency signal and the second frequency band is a Sub 6G frequency band signal, in some embodiments, the tuning circuit 5 includes three tuning elements 52. By switching the three tuning elements 52 on and off by the switching device 51, the medium-high frequency B1 band, B3 band, B40 band and B41 band and the N78 band in the Sub 6G band can be generated. When the three tuning elements 52 are all switched to the disconnected state, the antenna structure can generate the N79 band.

[0045] The specific simulation curve is as follows Figure 4 As shown, the Figure 4 The S parameter simulation curve diagram of the antenna structure in the present disclosure under different modes, wherein the horizontal axis is the frequency (GHz) and the vertical axis is the S parameter (dB) Figure 4 , a resonance covering the B3 frequency band can be formed between the second identification point and the third identification point, a resonance covering the B1 frequency band can be formed between the first identification point and the third identification point, a resonance covering the B40 frequency band can be formed between the fourth identification point and the fifth identification point, a resonance covering the B41 frequency band can be formed between the sixth identification point and the seventh identification point, a resonance covering the N78 frequency band can be formed between the eighth identification point and the ninth identification point, and a resonance covering the N79 frequency band can be formed between the tenth identification point and the eleventh identification point. It can be seen that the antenna structure in the present disclosure can achieve coverage of the B1 frequency band, the B3 frequency band, the B40 frequency band, the B41 frequency band, the N78 frequency band and the N79 frequency band.

[0046] See also Figure 5 , Figure 5 The following figure shows the efficiency comparison of the antenna structure in the present disclosure and the antenna in the related art in each medium and high frequency band, where the horizontal axis is the frequency (GHz), the vertical axis is the efficiency (dB), the solid line is the efficiency curve of the present disclosure under different conditions, and the dotted line is the efficiency curve of the related art under different conditions. Figure 5 It can be seen that at the B1 band, B3 band, B40 band, and B41 band positions, the solid line is always above the multiple dotted lines. This shows that the antenna structure disclosed in the present invention can improve the radiation efficiency of the B1 band, B3 band, B40 band, and B41 band.

[0047] See also Figure 6 , Figure 6 The following figure shows the efficiency comparison of the antenna structure in the present disclosure and the antenna in the related art in each Sub 6G frequency band, where the horizontal axis is frequency (GHz), the vertical axis is efficiency (dB), the solid line is the efficiency curve of the present disclosure under different conditions, and the dotted line is the efficiency curve of the related art under different conditions. Figure 6 It can be seen that at the positions of the N78 frequency band and the N79 frequency band, the solid line is above the dotted line, which shows that the radiation efficiency of the N78 frequency band and the N79 frequency band can be improved through the antenna structure disclosed in the present invention.

[0048] In each of the above implementations, Figure 7 As shown, the antenna structure may further include a bypass inductor 8 , one end of which is grounded and the other end of which is connected to the second upper frame point 12 , that is, the bypass inductor 8 is arranged in parallel with the tuning circuit 5 .

[0049] In some embodiments, one of the two configurations of the impedance matching circuit may be to configure only the final matching inductor 4, and the other is to directly connect the feed end 3 to the radiation branch 1; in other embodiments, the antenna structure also includes a matching circuit 7, which is connected between the first upper frame point 11 and the feed end 3, and the matching circuit 7 is connected in parallel with the final matching inductor 4, so as to enrich the matching circuit structure between the feed end 3 and the radiation branch 1, which is conducive to matching the signals in the first frequency band and the signals in the second frequency band. For example, still taking Figure 7As shown, the matching circuit 7 may also include a first matching capacitor 71, a second matching capacitor 72, a first matching inductor 73 and a second matching inductor 77. Starting from the first upper frame point 11, the first stage matching is the first matching inductor 73 in parallel, the other end of the first matching inductor 73 is grounded, the second stage matching is the first matching capacitor 71 in series, the third stage matching is the second matching inductor 77 in series, the fourth stage matching is the second matching capacitor 72 in parallel, and the fifth stage matching is the final matching inductor 4 in parallel with the matching circuit 7. Of course, the specific circuit design of the matching circuit 7 in the present disclosure is only for exemplary description. In other embodiments, the matching circuit can be debugged according to the target frequency band and the corresponding matching circuit can be obtained.

[0050] Based on the technical solution disclosed in this disclosure, Figure 8 As shown, the spacing between the first upper frame point 11 and the end of the radiating branch 1 forming the antenna gap 6 is the first spacing f1, which is 1 / 4 of the length of the radiating branch 1, that is, f1=1 / 4L1. The spacing between the second upper frame point 12 and the end of the radiating branch 1 forming the antenna gap 6 is the second spacing f2, which is the difference between two-thirds of the length of the radiating branch 1 and one-third of the length of the parasitic branch 2, that is, f2=2 / 3L1-1 / 3L2, and the second spacing f2 is greater than the first spacing f1, that is, f2>f1. Of course, it should be noted that due to error or design reasons, the formulas f1=1 / 4L1 and f2=2 / 3L1-1 / 3L2 can be understood as being approximately equal.

[0051] In the above embodiment, the length of the radiation branch 1 can be greater than or equal to 18 mm and less than or equal to 21 mm, that is, 18 mm ≤ L1 ≤ 21 mm, which is consistent with the length design of the radiator in the conventional antenna design and reduces the design cost; and because the tuning circuit 5 is loaded at the second upper frame point 12, relative to Figure 1 With respect to the Sub 6G frequency band and the fully matched solid line resonant coverage in the related art, the design of the tuning circuit 5 is conducive to compensating for the frequency deviation caused by the length design of the parasitic branch 2 by loading the tuning element 52. Compared with the related art, the restriction on the length design of the parasitic branch 2 can be reduced, and the flexibility of the antenna structure design can be improved. For example, the length of the parasitic branch 2 can be greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 7 mm, that is, 1mm≤L2≤7mm.

[0052] Based on the technical solution of the present disclosure, an electronic device is also provided, which may include a middle frame and the antenna structure described in any one of the above embodiments, wherein the radiation branch 1 and the parasitic branch 2 of the antenna structure may be part of the frame segment of the middle frame. For example, the radiation branch 1 and the parasitic branch 2 may be part of the upper frame segment of the middle frame.

[0053] Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate other embodiments of the present disclosure after considering the specification and practicing the disclosure disclosed herein. The present disclosure is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the present disclosure that follow the general principles of the present disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art that are not disclosed in the present disclosure. The description and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the present disclosure are indicated by the following claims.

[0054] It should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the exact structures that have been described above and shown in the drawings, and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An antenna structure, characterized in that: include: A radiating branch node, wherein the radiating branch node includes a first upper frame point and a second upper frame point; A parasitic branch, wherein an antenna gap is formed between the parasitic branch and the radiation branch; A feeding end, the feeding end is connected to the first upper frame point, and the feeding end is used to feed signals of the first frequency band and signals of the second frequency band; A tuning circuit, the tuning circuit comprising a switch device and a tuning element, any of the tuning elements are connected in series between the switch device and the second upper frame point, and the switch device is grounded; A final-stage matching inductor, one end of which is directly connected to the feeding end, and the other end of which is connected to the switching device, and the switching device switches the first matching inductor on and off.

2. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the switch device only turns on the final-stage matching inductor, the radiation frequency band of the antenna structure covers at least one frequency band in the 5G frequency band.

3. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: When any of the tuning elements and the radiation branch are turned on, the final-stage matching inductor is in a disconnected state.

4. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a matching circuit, which is connected between the first upper frame point and the feeding end, and the matching circuit is connected in parallel with the final matching inductor.

5. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bypass inductor is also included, one end of the bypass inductor is grounded, and the other end is connected to the second upper frame point.

6. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the first upper frame point and the end of the radiating branch forming the antenna gap is a first distance, and the first distance is 1 / 4 of the length of the radiating branch.

7. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the second upper frame point and the end of the radiating branch forming the antenna break is a second distance, the second distance is the difference between two-thirds of the length of the radiating branch and one-third of the length of the parasitic branch, and the second distance is greater than the first distance.

8. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the parasitic branch is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 7 mm.

9. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the radiation branch is greater than or equal to 18 mm and less than or equal to 21 mm.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: Middle frame; According to any one of claims 1 to 9, the radiating branches and parasitic branches of the antenna structure are partial frame segments of the middle frame.

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