Data transmission method, device and equipment based on load data pilot pattern

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of multi-carrier communication systems, and discloses a data transmission method, device and equipment based on a load data pilot pattern. The method is applied to the MIMO-PLC system. And obtaining the positions of the pilot frequency elements and the zero elements in the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid according to the time-frequency domain positions of each pilot frequency element and each zero element in the subcarrier. And gathering pilot frequency elements and zero elements in the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid to obtain a first load data pilot frequency pattern of a first sending port in the plurality of sending ports. And determining second load data pilot frequency patterns of other sending ports in the plurality of sending ports according to the load data pilot frequency pattern of the first sending port based on orthogonality between the subcarriers. Based on the first load data pilot frequency pattern and the second load data pilot frequency pattern, pilot frequency is inserted into the load data signal to be sent, the load data signal to be sent is transmitted based on the subcarrier, and the zero element position indicates that the corresponding subcarrier does not bear the load data signal to be sent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of multi-carrier communication systems, and in particular to a data transmission method, device and equipment based on a payload data pilot pattern. Background Art

[0002] Power line communication (PLC) technology superimposes data signals on the current transmission of power lines, enabling data to be sent and received without the need for additional wiring.

[0003] In MIMO-PLC systems (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Power Line Communication systems), accurate data channel estimation and signal detection are the key to ensuring high-performance operation of the system. It is crucial to design an effective pilot pattern design method for the data channel of the MIMO-PLC system.

[0004] In the traditional SISO-PLC system, the protocol data unit (PPDU) signal frame structure sent by the physical layer consists of a preamble, frame control, and payload data. There is no separate pilot in the payload data, and the preamble signal needs to be multiplexed when performing channel estimation. However, after the introduction of MIMO, the beamforming of the preamble signal and the precoding used in the data channel are different. The channel estimated based on the preamble sequence includes beamforming. Directly applying the pilot insertion method in SISO-PLC to the MIMO-PLC system will result in a large estimation error, so it is necessary to design a pilot pattern design method specifically for the MIMO-PLC system. Summary of the invention

[0005] The embodiments of this specification are intended to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to a certain extent. To this end, the embodiments of this specification propose a data transmission method, device and equipment based on a payload data pilot pattern.

[0006] The embodiment of this specification provides a data transmission method based on a load data pilot pattern, the method is applied to a MIMO-PLC system, the MIMO-PLC system includes a power line communication terminal, the power line communication terminal includes a plurality of transmission ports, the method includes: According to the time-frequency domain position of each pilot element and zero element in the subcarrier, the position of the pilot element and the zero element in the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid is obtained; wherein the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid is composed of subcarriers continuous in the frequency domain and symbols continuous in the time domain; Aggregating pilot elements and zero elements in the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid to obtain a first payload data pilot pattern for a first transmitting port among the multiple transmitting ports; Based on the orthogonality between the subcarriers, and according to the payload data pilot pattern of the first transmitting port, determining a second payload data pilot pattern of other transmitting ports among the multiple transmitting ports; Based on the first payload data pilot pattern and the second payload data pilot pattern, a pilot is inserted into a payload data signal to be sent, and the payload data signal to be sent is transmitted based on a subcarrier, wherein the zero element position indicates that the corresponding subcarrier does not carry the payload data signal to be sent.

[0007] In one implementation manner, obtaining the position of the pilot element and the zero element before the position of the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid according to the time-frequency domain position of each pilot element and the zero element in the subcarrier includes: In the time domain, based on the payload data signal to be sent, symbols including pilot elements and symbols including zero elements are determined.

[0008] In one implementation manner, obtaining the position of the pilot element and the zero element before the position of the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid according to the time-frequency domain position of each pilot element and the zero element in the subcarrier includes: In the frequency domain, based on the payload data signal to be sent, frequency subcarriers including pilot elements and frequency subcarriers including zero elements are determined.

[0009] In one implementation manner, obtaining the position of the pilot element and the zero element before the position of the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid according to the time-frequency domain position of each pilot element and the zero element in the subcarrier includes: In the spatial domain, based on the payload data signal to be sent, a subcarrier including a pilot element is determined.

[0010] In one embodiment, the determining, based on the orthogonality between subcarriers and according to the payload data pilot pattern of the first transmitting port, second payload data pilot patterns of other transmitting ports among the multiple transmitting ports includes: Replacing symbols including pilot elements in the first transmission port with symbols including zero elements; Replacing symbols including zero elements in the first transmission port with symbols including pilot elements; All pilot elements and zero elements in the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid are aggregated to obtain second payload data pilot patterns of other transmission ports.

[0011] In one embodiment, the determining, based on the orthogonality between subcarriers and according to the payload data pilot pattern of the first transmitting port, second payload data pilot patterns of other transmitting ports among the multiple transmitting ports includes: replacing a frequency subcarrier including a pilot element in the first transmission port with a frequency subcarrier including a zero element; replacing a frequency subcarrier including zero elements in the first transmission port with a frequency subcarrier including pilot elements; All pilot elements and zero elements in the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid are aggregated to obtain second payload data pilot patterns of other transmission ports.

[0012] In one embodiment, the determining, based on the orthogonality between subcarriers and according to the payload data pilot pattern of the first transmitting port, second payload data pilot patterns of other transmitting ports among the multiple transmitting ports includes: The payload data pilot pattern of the first sending port is used as the second payload data pilot pattern of other sending ports.

[0013] In one embodiment, the other transmission port includes a second transmission port, and the inserting a pilot into a payload data signal to be transmitted based on the first payload data pilot pattern and the second payload data pilot pattern, and transmitting the payload data signal to be transmitted based on a subcarrier includes: inserting a first pilot into a payload data signal to be sent based on a first payload data pilot pattern of the first sending port, and transmitting the payload data signal to be sent based on a subcarrier; Based on the second payload data pilot pattern of the second transmitting port, a second pilot is inserted into the payload data signal to be transmitted, and the payload data signal to be transmitted is transmitted based on a subcarrier, wherein the second pilot is orthogonal to the first pilot.

[0014] The embodiment of this specification provides a data transmission device based on a load data pilot pattern, the device is applied to a MIMO-PLC system, the MIMO-PLC system includes a power line communication end, the power line communication end includes a plurality of transmission ports, and the device includes: An element position determination module, used to obtain the position of the pilot element and the zero element in the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid according to the time-frequency domain position of each pilot element and the zero element in the subcarrier; wherein the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid is composed of subcarriers continuous in the frequency domain and symbols continuous in the time domain; A first pilot pattern determination module, configured to aggregate pilot elements and zero elements in a two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid to obtain a first load data pilot pattern of a first sending port among the multiple sending ports; A second pilot pattern determining module, configured to determine, based on orthogonality between subcarriers and according to the payload data pilot pattern of the first transmitting port, second payload data pilot patterns of other transmitting ports among the plurality of transmitting ports; A pilot insertion and transmission module is used to insert a pilot into a payload data signal to be sent based on the first payload data pilot pattern and the second payload data pilot pattern, and transmit the payload data signal to be sent based on a subcarrier, wherein the zero element position indicates that the corresponding subcarrier does not carry the payload data signal to be sent.

[0015] In one of the embodiments, the method of obtaining the position of the pilot element and the zero element in the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid according to the time-frequency domain position of each pilot element and the zero element in the subcarrier includes: in the time domain, based on the payload data signal to be sent, determining the symbols including the pilot elements and the symbols including the zero elements.

[0016] In one of the embodiments, the method of obtaining the position of the pilot element and the zero element in the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid according to the time-frequency domain position of each pilot element and the zero element in the subcarrier includes: in the frequency domain, based on the payload data signal to be sent, determining the frequency subcarrier including the pilot element and the frequency subcarrier including the zero element.

[0017] In one of the embodiments, the method of obtaining the position of the pilot element and the zero element in the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid according to the time-frequency domain position of each pilot element and the zero element in the subcarrier includes: in the spatial domain, based on the payload data signal to be sent, determining the subcarrier including the pilot element.

[0018] The present invention provides a computer device, which includes: a memory, and one or more processors communicatively connected to the memory; the memory stores instructions executable by the one or more processors, and the instructions are executed by the one or more processors to enable the one or more processors to implement the steps of the method described in any one of the above-mentioned embodiments.

[0019] The embodiments of this specification provide a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method described in any of the above embodiments are implemented.

[0020] An embodiment of the present specification provides a computer program product, wherein the computer program product includes instructions, and when the instructions are executed by a processor of a computer device, the computer device is enabled to perform the steps of the method described in any one of the above embodiments.

[0021] In the above-mentioned specification implementation mode, the data transmission method based on the load data pilot pattern is applied to the MIMO-PLC system, and the MIMO-PLC system includes a power line communication terminal, wherein the power line communication terminal includes multiple transmission ports. First, the position of the pilot element and the zero element in the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid is obtained according to the time-frequency domain position of each pilot element and the zero element in the subcarrier. Then, the pilot elements and the zero elements in the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid are collected to obtain the first load data pilot pattern of the first transmission port in the multiple transmission ports. Then, based on the orthogonality between the subcarriers, the second load data pilot pattern of the other transmission ports in the multiple transmission ports is determined according to the load data pilot pattern of the first transmission port. Finally, based on the first load data pilot pattern and the second load data pilot pattern, the pilot is inserted into the load data signal to be sent, and the load data signal to be sent is transmitted based on the subcarrier, wherein the zero element position indicates that the corresponding subcarrier does not carry the load data signal to be sent. By inserting the pilot on the load data channel, the MIMO channel characteristics can be accurately estimated, which helps to reduce the channel estimation error, thereby improving the overall performance of the communication system and the reliability of data transmission. In addition, by utilizing the orthogonality between subcarriers and designing appropriate pilot patterns, the interference between subcarriers can be effectively reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1a A schematic diagram of a PPDU signal frame structure provided according to an embodiment of this specification; Figure 1b A schematic diagram of payload data channel transmission provided according to an embodiment of this specification; Figure 1c A schematic diagram of control data channel transmission provided according to an embodiment of this specification; Figure 1d A schematic diagram of pilot signal channel transmission according to an embodiment of this specification; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of a data transmission method based on a payload data pilot pattern provided according to an embodiment of this specification; Figure 3a A schematic diagram of a first load data pilot pattern of a first transmitting port in the time domain for an indoor MIMO system provided according to an embodiment of this specification; Figure 3b A schematic diagram of a first load data pilot pattern of a first transmitting port in the time domain for an outdoor MIMO system provided according to an embodiment of this specification; Figure 4a A schematic diagram of a first load data pilot pattern of a first transmitting port in the frequency domain for an indoor MIMO system provided according to an embodiment of this specification; Figure 4bA schematic diagram of a first load data pilot pattern of a first transmitting port in the frequency domain for an outdoor MIMO system provided according to an embodiment of this specification; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a first payload data pilot pattern of a first transmitting port in a spatial domain provided according to an embodiment of this specification; Figure 6a A schematic diagram of a process for determining a second payload data pilot pattern according to an embodiment of this specification; Figure 6b A schematic diagram of a payload data pilot pattern of a second transmitting port in the time domain for an indoor MIMO system provided according to an embodiment of this specification; Figure 6c A schematic diagram of a load data pilot pattern of a second transmitting port in the time domain for an outdoor MIMO system provided according to an embodiment of this specification; Figure 6d A schematic diagram of a load data pilot pattern of a third transmitting port in the time domain for an outdoor MIMO system provided according to an embodiment of this specification; Figure 7a A schematic diagram of a process for determining a second payload data pilot pattern according to an embodiment of this specification; Figure 7b A schematic diagram of a payload data pilot pattern of a second transmitting port in the frequency domain for an indoor MIMO system provided according to an embodiment of this specification; Figure 7c A schematic diagram of a payload data pilot pattern of a second transmitting port in the frequency domain for an outdoor MIMO system provided according to an embodiment of this specification; Figure 7d A schematic diagram of a payload data pilot pattern of a third transmitting port in the frequency domain for an outdoor MIMO system provided according to an embodiment of this specification; Figure 8a A schematic diagram of a pilot pattern in which a pilot occupies all frequency domain resources of a first time domain symbol according to an implementation manner of this specification; Figure 8b A schematic diagram of a pilot pattern in which a pilot occupies part of the frequency domain resources of the first time domain symbol according to an implementation manner of this specification; Figure 8c A schematic diagram of a pilot pattern of periodically inserting a pilot into payload data in the time domain according to an embodiment of this specification; Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of a data transmission device based on a payload data pilot pattern provided in an embodiment of this specification; Fig.10 An internal structural diagram of a computer device provided for an embodiment of this specification. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0024] With the development of communication systems and the substantial increase in the number of terminal devices, the application of Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) technology in various communication systems has become more and more common. Traditional Power Line Communication (PLC) systems usually adopt a Single-Input Single-Output (SISO) architecture, which only uses differential signals of two power lines for data transmission. However, most household power lines actually use a three-wire configuration including phase, neutral and ground wires, which creates favorable conditions for the introduction of MIMO technology.

[0025] By utilizing the three wires in a home power line, the MIMO-PLC system can transmit signals through multiple transmit and receive ports simultaneously, significantly increasing the capacity of data transmission. Specifically, by implementing MIMO technology on three-wire power lines, a channel capacity gain of about 2 times that of a traditional SISO-PLC system can be achieved at the same transmission bandwidth. This improvement enables the MIMO-PLC system to support higher data rates and more reliable communication performance to meet the growing communication needs.

[0026] In the traditional single-input single-output (SISO) power line communication (PLC) system, the protocol data unit (PPDU) sent by the physical layer has a specific signal frame structure. Figure 1a , the PPDU signal frame structure is as follows Figure 1a As shown: Preamble: used for synchronization and signal detection, including two sub-parts, namely Short Training Field (STF) and Long Training Field (LTF).

[0027] Frame control (Physical Header, PHR): includes the control word (PHR Control Signal, SIG), which is used to indicate the frame type and other control information.

[0028] Payload data (Physical Service Data Unit, PSDU): carries the actual data content.

[0029] During the transmission process, the PPDU signal is carried by one or more orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols. Each OFDM symbol carries a part of the PPDU signal information, so that the signal is divided into multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain, thereby achieving efficient spectrum utilization and anti-interference capabilities.

[0030] In the MIMO transmission process, the data channel transmission involves the following steps: Figure 1b , after the payload data bits are modulated, they are layer mapped to form multiple (for example, two) parallel transmission signals to increase the transmission rate. Next, the amplitude and phase of each signal are adjusted through MIMO precoding to adapt to the characteristics of the wireless channel. After that, the signal is resource mapped, the signal is mapped to the corresponding carrier frequency resource, and the frequency domain signal is converted into a time domain discrete signal through IFFT transformation. In order to cope with the inter-symbol interference (ISI) caused by the multipath channel, a cyclic prefix (CP) is added to the time domain signal. Next, the signal sampling rate is adjusted through the digital front end (DFE), and finally the digital signal is converted into an analog signal through the analog front end (AFE). After passing through the isolation transformer, the signal is sent through a three-phase four-wire system.

[0031] The MIMO beamforming process of the control signal is as follows: Figure 1c First, the control data bit stream is modulated to form a single signal. The single signal is weighted and adjusted in power and phase through a 2x1 beamforming matrix to generate two parallel signal paths (the two paths still transmit the same information). The signals are resource mapped and mapped to the corresponding carrier frequency resources, and the frequency domain signals are converted into time domain signals through IFFT processing similar to the data channel. In order to reduce the inter-symbol interference (ISI) caused by multipath propagation, a cyclic prefix (CP) is added to the time domain signal. The processed signal is sampled and adjusted by the digital front end (DFE), and then converted to an analog signal by the analog front end (AFE). Finally, after passing through the isolation transformer, the signal is sent through a three-phase four-wire system.

[0032] For sending preamble signals, please refer to Figure 1d, without going through the modulation module, the pilot signal is weighted and adjusted in power and phase through a 2x1 beamforming matrix to generate two parallel signal paths (the two paths still transmit the same information). The signals are resource mapped, and these signals are mapped to the corresponding carrier frequency resources, and the frequency domain signals are converted into time domain signals through IFFT processing similar to the data channel. In order to reduce the inter-symbol interference (ISI) caused by multipath propagation, a cyclic prefix (CP) is added to the time domain signal. The processed signal is sampled and adjusted by the digital front end (DFE), and then converted into an analog signal by the analog front end (AFE). Finally, after passing through the isolation transformer, the signal is sent through a three-phase four-wire system.

[0033] In traditional single-input single-output (SISO) power line communication (PLC) systems, channel estimation relies on the pilot signal because the payload data part does not contain a dedicated pilot. The pilot signal provides the receiver with preliminary information about the channel, thereby supporting the restoration of the transmitted signal. In a SISO system, the pilot signal is defined at the transmitter and identified at the receiver. By using this known pilot signal at the receiver, the transmitted frame control information and payload data can be restored at the same time.

[0034] Compared with the traditional SISO-PLC system, the introduction of MIMO technology can achieve a higher data transmission rate for the PLC system. However, under the configuration of multiple transceiver ports, the received signal of any receiving port is the superposition of signals from multiple different transmitting ports. If you want to correctly identify the transmitted signal, you need to obtain the attenuation information of all channels through channel estimation.

[0035] The design of power line carrier communication (PLC) systems has become more complex with the introduction of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology. In particular, in MIMO-PLC systems, the pilot signal and data channel are processed differently, which affects the accuracy of channel estimation.

[0036] In MIMO-PLC systems (Multiple Input Multiple Output Power Line Communication systems), the pilot signal is usually processed by beamforming, while the data channel uses different precoding techniques. This processing method results in different beamforming effects of the pilot signal and precoding processing effects in the data channel. Therefore, the channel estimation method based on the pilot sequence is not applicable in the MIMO-PLC system because it cannot accurately reflect the actual situation of the data channel.

[0037] Specifically, when a MIMO system sends multi-stream signals, the pilot signal is divided into multiple paths through beamforming, while the payload data is divided into different paths through precoding. Since beamforming and precoding are two different signal processing technologies, the propagation characteristics of the pilot signal after beamforming are different from the propagation characteristics of the precoded payload data. This means that relying solely on the pilot signal for channel estimation may result in large errors, thus affecting system performance.

[0038] In order to accurately estimate the channel state of the payload data, a pilot signal must be inserted separately into the payload data. This method can provide more accurate channel estimation and signal detection, thereby more accurately restoring the original transmitted signal in the received signal.

[0039] Based on this, the embodiment of this specification provides a data transmission method based on a load data pilot pattern. The method is applied to a MIMO-PLC system, and the MIMO-PLC system includes a power line communication terminal, wherein the power line communication terminal includes multiple transmission ports. First, the position of the pilot element and the zero element in the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid is obtained according to the time-frequency domain position of each pilot element and the zero element in the subcarrier. Then, the pilot elements and the zero elements in the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid are collected to obtain the first load data pilot pattern of the first transmission port in the multiple transmission ports. Then, based on the orthogonality between the subcarriers, the second load data pilot pattern of the other transmission ports in the multiple transmission ports is determined according to the load data pilot pattern of the first transmission port. Finally, based on the first load data pilot pattern and the second load data pilot pattern, the pilot is inserted into the load data signal to be sent, and the load data signal to be sent is transmitted based on the subcarrier, wherein the zero element position indicates that the corresponding subcarrier does not carry the load data signal to be sent. By inserting the pilot on the load data channel, the MIMO channel characteristics can be accurately estimated, which helps to reduce the channel estimation error, thereby improving the overall performance of the communication system and the reliability of data transmission. In addition, by utilizing the orthogonality between subcarriers and designing appropriate pilot patterns, the interference between subcarriers can be effectively reduced.

[0040] This specification provides a data transmission method based on a payload data pilot pattern. Figure 2 The method is applied to a MIMO-PLC system, the MIMO-PLC system includes a power line communication terminal, the power line communication terminal includes a plurality of transmission ports, and the method may include the following steps: S210. Obtain the position of the pilot element and the zero element in the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid according to the time-frequency domain position of each pilot element and the zero element in the subcarrier.

[0041] S220 . Aggregate pilot elements and zero elements in the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid to obtain a first payload data pilot pattern of a first sending port among multiple sending ports.

[0042] The two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid is composed of continuous subcarriers in the frequency domain and continuous symbols in the time domain.

[0043] Specifically, in communication systems, especially in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems, the time-frequency resource grid (TFRG) is a two-dimensional grid used to represent each time symbol period and each subcarrier. Specifically, the vertical axis of the grid represents the frequency domain, where each entry corresponds to a subcarrier; the horizontal axis represents the time domain, where each entry corresponds to a symbol period. The entire grid is interwoven with multiple subcarriers and symbol periods to form a matrix.

[0044] In OFDM systems, pilot elements are an important component for channel estimation and compensation. Their location in the time-frequency resource grid can be adjusted according to system design requirements. Pilot elements are usually pre-defined or arranged according to specific protocol rules to ensure that the system can correctly estimate the channel state and compensate. Zero elements are often used to specify that certain subcarriers do not transmit any data (i.e., the signal is zero) during a specific time symbol period, which helps reduce interference. For example, zero elements can be used to create guard intervals to prevent adjacent symbol interference (ISI) or adjacent subcarrier interference (ICI).

[0045] When setting the size of the time-frequency resource grid, you first need to determine the number of subcarriers contained in each OFDM symbol and the number of symbols in each time slot. For example, an OFDM system may use 64 subcarriers and divide each time slot into 10 symbol periods, thus forming a 64x10 time-frequency grid.

[0046] Next, the specific location of each pilot element in the grid needs to be determined. For example, certain frequency domain subcarriers and time symbol periods may be designated as the location of pilot signals according to the system specifications or protocols. The distribution of these pilot elements is usually determined during the system design phase and may be adjusted based on factors such as network load and channel conditions.

[0047] In addition, it is necessary to decide which subcarriers are set to zero in a specific symbol period based on system design requirements. This setting is to avoid interference and optimize spectrum usage.

[0048] Finally, the positions of all pilot elements and zero elements are summarized to form a complete set of time-frequency resource points. Based on these sets, a pattern can be constructed to obtain a first payload data pilot pattern of a first transmission port among multiple transmission ports. The first payload data pilot pattern shows the specific configuration in the time-frequency resource grid of the first transmission port, including the specific layout of pilot elements and zero elements.

[0049] S230: Based on the orthogonality between the subcarriers and according to the payload data pilot pattern of the first transmitting port, determine second payload data pilot patterns of other transmitting ports among the multiple transmitting ports.

[0050] S240: Insert a pilot into a payload data signal to be sent based on the first payload data pilot pattern and the second payload data pilot pattern, and transmit the payload data signal to be sent based on the subcarriers.

[0051] The zero element position indicates that the corresponding subcarrier does not carry the payload data signal to be sent.

[0052] Specifically, the orthogonality principle between subcarriers is used to analyze how the pilot pattern of the first transmission port affects other transmission ports. Subcarrier orthogonality ensures that signals on different subcarriers do not interfere with each other. According to the pilot pattern of the first transmission port, the second payload data pilot pattern of other transmission ports in the multiple transmission ports is determined. These pilot patterns should avoid interference and use the orthogonality principle to reduce cross interference.

[0053] Prepare a payload data signal to be sent. This signal includes the actual data load. According to the first payload data pilot pattern defined by the first sending port, insert the pilot into the payload data signal to be sent of the first sending port. According to the second payload data pilot pattern of other sending ports, insert the pilot into the payload data signal to be sent of other sending ports. Modulate the payload data signal after the pilot is inserted, and prepare it for transmission in the OFDM system. Map the modulated signal to the subcarrier and allocate it according to the predetermined OFDM structure. Each subcarrier will carry certain data and pilot information, and transmit the OFDM symbol to the receiving end through the medium. Among them, the zero element position indicates that the corresponding subcarrier does not carry the payload data signal to be sent, so as to reduce the interference between multiple sending ports and maintain the orthogonality of the signal. In this process, the pilot symbol in the signal will help the receiving end to perform channel estimation and compensation, thereby improving the reliability of data transmission.

[0054] In the above implementation, the data transmission method based on the load data pilot pattern is applied to the power line communication terminal, wherein the power line communication terminal includes multiple transmission ports. First, the position of the pilot element and the zero element in the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid is obtained according to the time-frequency domain position of each pilot element and the zero element in the subcarrier. Then, the pilot elements and the zero elements in the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid are collected to obtain the first load data pilot pattern of the first transmission port among the multiple transmission ports. Then, based on the orthogonality between the subcarriers, the second load data pilot pattern of the other transmission ports among the multiple transmission ports is determined according to the load data pilot pattern of the first transmission port. Finally, based on the first load data pilot pattern and the second load data pilot pattern, the pilot is inserted into the load data signal to be transmitted, and the load data signal to be transmitted is transmitted based on the subcarrier, wherein the zero element position indicates that the corresponding subcarrier does not carry the load data signal to be transmitted. By inserting the pilot on the load data channel, the MIMO channel characteristics can be accurately estimated, which helps to reduce the channel estimation error, thereby improving the overall performance of the communication system and the reliability of data transmission. In addition, by utilizing the orthogonality between subcarriers and designing appropriate pilot patterns, the interference between subcarriers can be effectively reduced.

[0055] It should be noted that in MIMO-PLC (Multiple Input Multiple Output Power Line Communication) systems, the bandwidth requirements for payload data signals and frame control signals are different. Generally, payload data signals need to support a larger bandwidth because they carry more data content and require a higher data transmission rate.

[0056] In some embodiments, obtaining the position of the pilot element and the zero element in the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid according to the time-frequency domain position of each pilot element and the zero element in the subcarrier may include: in the time domain, based on the payload data signal to be sent, determining the symbols including the pilot elements and the symbols including the zero elements.

[0057] Specifically, in wireless communication systems, the fading characteristics of the channel have a significant impact on the quality of signal transmission. The characteristic of a slow fading channel is that the channel impulse response changes slowly within a symbol period, which means that the channel parameters can be considered constant over a period of time. This characteristic simplifies signal processing, especially time domain estimation methods, because time domain estimation methods can use the stability of the channel for effective estimation, thereby reducing the need for frequency domain processing.

[0058] In the time domain, the trade-off between rapidity of signal estimation and system overhead is particularly important. Slow fading channels allow for a stable estimate of the channel state over a longer period of time because the channel characteristics change slowly. In this environment, the design and use of pilot signals becomes particularly critical. The presence of pilot signals eliminates the need for interpolation of the received signal in the frequency domain, which reduces computational complexity and increases the speed of signal processing. However, pilot signals are insensitive to frequency selective fading, which means that they are not very effective when estimating fast changing channels with frequency selectivity, but in slow fading channels, this insensitivity is not a problem.

[0059] Therefore, in the time domain, based on the payload data signal to be sent, determine which symbols in the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid are inserted with pilot elements and which symbols are inserted with zero elements. This design helps to reduce system overhead while ensuring signal transmission quality. The insertion of pilot elements can help the receiving end estimate the characteristics of the channel, while the insertion of zero elements helps to reduce signal interference, reduce power consumption, and meet orthogonality.

[0060] Exemplarily, PLC MIMO applications can be divided into two scenarios: indoor and outdoor. For indoor MIMO systems, it uses the live wire, neutral wire and ground wire in the indoor power line for data transmission. After the introduction of wireless MIMO technology, the system adds communication paths between the live wire and the ground wire, and between the neutral wire and the ground wire on the basis of the original single-channel transmission of the live wire and the neutral wire. This configuration supports a maximum of 2-transmit and 4-receive MIMO combinations, that is, 2 antennas are used at the transmitting end and 4 antennas are used at the receiving end, which can effectively improve the data transmission rate and the overall performance of the system. For the first payload data pilot pattern of the first transmitting port, in the time domain, a pilot element or a zero element is inserted into each subcarrier at a certain time, that is, into a symbol. Please refer to Figure 3a , along the time axis, a pilot element is inserted into each subcarrier of the first symbol, the payload data signal to be sent is carried in each subcarrier of the second and third symbols, a zero element is inserted into each subcarrier of the fourth symbol, and the payload data signal to be sent is carried in each subcarrier of the fifth and sixth symbols. The above symbol arrangement is repeated to form a cycle of six symbols. This periodic arrangement is repeated on the time axis, so that signal transmission and channel estimation can be systematically optimized.

[0061] The outdoor MIMO system uses the three-phase power supply line of the power grid (including three-phase live wire, neutral wire and ground wire) to introduce wireless MIMO technology to form multiple transmission channels. In this setting, the maximum supported MIMO combination is 3 transmit and 4 receive, that is, 3 antennas are used at the transmitting end and 4 antennas are used at the receiving end. Such a configuration allows the system to process more data streams simultaneously, improving the transmission rate and system performance. In order to meet the needs of different application scenarios, a PSDU (protocol data unit) pilot structure suitable for the MIMO-PLC system can be designed for transmitting 3-stream data signals. During design, it is necessary to ensure that the pilot structure can effectively support the orthogonality of the system, that is, different data streams can maintain non-interference during signal transmission. For the first payload data pilot pattern of the first transmitting port, in the time domain, the pilot element or zero element is inserted into each subcarrier at a certain time, that is, inserted into a symbol. Please refer to Figure 3b , along the time coordinate axis, a pilot element is inserted into each subcarrier of the first symbol, and the payload data signal to be sent is carried in each subcarrier of the second and third symbols. A zero element is inserted into each subcarrier of the fourth symbol, and the payload data signal to be sent is carried in each subcarrier of the fifth, sixth, and seventh symbols. A zero element is inserted into each subcarrier of the eighth symbol, and the payload data signal to be sent is carried in each subcarrier of the ninth symbol.

[0062] In the above implementation, in the time domain, based on the payload data signal to be sent, the symbols including pilot elements and the symbols including zero elements are reasonably designed to more efficiently utilize spectrum resources and improve the spectrum efficiency of data transmission.

[0063] In some embodiments, obtaining the position of the pilot element and the zero element in the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid according to the time-frequency domain position of each pilot element and the zero element in the subcarrier may include: in the frequency domain, based on the payload data signal to be sent, determining the frequency subcarrier including the pilot element and the frequency subcarrier including the zero element.

[0064] Specifically, in wireless communication systems, signal transmission faces great challenges, especially under fast fading channel conditions. In such an environment, specific techniques are needed to ensure effective transmission and reception of signals. Signal processing in the frequency domain is an effective method because it allows the frequency selectivity of the channel to be exploited to optimize signal transmission.

[0065] Selective fading refers to the fact that a signal experiences different degrees of attenuation at different frequencies, which is caused by multipath propagation and the characteristics of the channel. In fast fading channels, the fading characteristics of the signal change rapidly, so a technology that can quickly adapt to these changes is needed. To cope with such rapid changes, signal processing is performed in the frequency domain, by carefully arranging the insertion of pilot elements and zero elements in a two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid to adapt to the changing channel conditions.

[0066] Therefore, in the frequency domain, based on the payload data signal to be transmitted, it is determined which frequency subcarriers in the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid are inserted with pilot elements and which frequency subcarriers are inserted with zero elements. The insertion of pilot elements is for channel estimation and signal synchronization at the receiving end, while the insertion of zero elements may be to avoid transmitting signals on certain subcarriers, which may be due to the need to avoid interference sources on the spectrum or to meet specific spectrum mask requirements.

[0067] For example, for an indoor MIMO system, in the frequency domain, a pilot element or a zero element is inserted into a certain frequency subcarrier, that is, a pilot element or a zero element is inserted into the frequency subcarrier at every moment. Figure 4a , along the frequency coordinate axis, a pilot element is inserted into each subcarrier of the first frequency subcarrier, a payload data signal to be sent is carried in each subcarrier of the second frequency subcarrier, and a zero element is inserted into each subcarrier of the third frequency subcarrier. A pilot element is inserted into each subcarrier of the fourth frequency subcarrier, a payload data signal to be sent is carried in each subcarrier of the fifth frequency subcarrier, and a zero element is inserted into each subcarrier of the sixth frequency subcarrier. A payload data signal to be sent is carried in each subcarrier of the seventh frequency subcarrier.

[0068] For outdoor MIMO systems, see Figure 4b , along the frequency coordinate axis, a pilot element is inserted into each subcarrier of the first frequency subcarrier, a payload data signal to be sent is carried in each subcarrier of the second frequency subcarrier, and a zero element is inserted into each subcarrier of the third frequency subcarrier. A payload data signal to be sent is carried in each subcarrier of the fourth frequency subcarrier, a zero element is inserted into each subcarrier of the fifth frequency subcarrier, and a payload data signal to be sent is carried in each subcarrier of the sixth frequency subcarrier.

[0069] In the above implementation, in the frequency domain, based on the payload data signal to be sent, frequency subcarriers including pilot elements and frequency subcarriers including zero elements are reasonably designed to more efficiently utilize spectrum resources and improve the spectrum efficiency of data transmission.

[0070] In some embodiments, obtaining the position of the pilot element and the zero element in the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid according to the time-frequency domain position of each pilot element and the zero element in the subcarrier may include: in the spatial domain, based on the payload data signal to be sent, determining the subcarrier including the pilot element.

[0071] Specifically, in spatial domain design, by distributing pilot signals in both time and frequency directions, the frequency shift and delay problems of system signals can be solved simultaneously. The advantage of this method is that it can fully consider the changes of signals in time and frequency, thereby improving the adaptability of the system.

[0072] Therefore, in the spatial domain, based on the payload data signal to be sent, determine which subcarriers in the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid to insert pilot elements. This process involves precise control of the time-frequency distribution of the signal to ensure accurate channel estimation and signal synchronization at the receiving end, thereby effectively offsetting interference and errors caused by channel changes.

[0073] Exemplarily, in the spatial domain, a pilot element or a zero element is inserted into a certain subcarrier. Figure 5 , along the time and frequency coordinate axes, with the subcarrier where the first frequency subcarrier and the first symbol intersect as the origin, the coordinates increase in the time direction, and the coordinates also increase in the frequency direction. Therefore, a pilot element is inserted in the subcarrier at (0, 0), a pilot element is inserted in the subcarrier at (2, 1), a pilot element is inserted in the subcarrier at (4, 2), a pilot element is inserted in the subcarrier at (6, 3), and a pilot element is inserted in the subcarrier at (8, 4). The remaining subcarriers carry the payload data signal to be sent.

[0074] In the above implementation manner, in the spatial domain, based on the payload data signal to be sent, the subcarriers including the pilot elements are reasonably designed to more efficiently utilize the spectrum resources and improve the spectrum efficiency of data transmission.

[0075] In some embodiments, see Figure 6a , based on the orthogonality between the subcarriers, and according to the payload data pilot pattern of the first transmitting port, determining the second payload data pilot pattern of the other transmitting ports in the plurality of transmitting ports may include the following steps: S610: Replace symbols including pilot elements in the first transmission port with symbols including zero elements.

[0076] S620: Replace symbols including zero elements in the first transmission port with symbols including pilot elements.

[0077] S630: Gather all pilot elements and zero elements in the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid to obtain second payload data pilot patterns of other sending ports.

[0078] Specifically, in wireless communication systems, orthogonality is a key concept that ensures that signal components do not interfere with each other, thereby improving the quality and reliability of communication. Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) technology is based on this orthogonality. By dividing the channel into multiple orthogonal sub-channels in the frequency domain, the sub-carriers are orthogonal to each other, which can efficiently utilize spectrum resources and reduce mutual interference between sub-carriers, greatly improving spectrum utilization.

[0079] Orthogonality is also critical in MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) systems. MIMO technology uses multiple antennas at the transmitter and receiver to achieve multipath propagation and spatial multiplexing of signals to improve the performance of communication systems. MIMO systems can use technologies such as spatial diversity, spatial multiplexing, and space-time coding to improve signal reliability and coverage, while significantly improving system capacity and spectrum utilization.

[0080] In the time domain, the symbols including pilot elements in the first transmission port are replaced with symbols including zero elements, which will make the signals at these positions have no pilot information. Conversely, the symbols including zero elements in the first transmission port are replaced with symbols including pilot elements, and all symbols that were originally zero elements will now contain pilot information. After the above symbol replacement operation, a new set of pilots and zero elements will be formed in the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid. Then, all pilot elements and zero elements in the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid are collected to obtain the second payload data pilot pattern of other transmission ports.

[0081] For example, for an indoor MIMO system, a 2-transmit 4-receive MIMO combination is supported, that is, two antennas are used at the transmitting end and four antennas are used at the receiving end. The design of this structure must ensure the orthogonality of the system, that is, there is no interference between different signal streams. In order to meet this requirement, the design must ensure that the signals of the two transmitting ports can remain orthogonal in the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid, so as to achieve the best signal isolation and data transmission effect. For the second payload data pilot pattern of the second transmitting port, please refer to Figure 6b , along the time axis, the pilot elements are replaced with zero elements in each subcarrier of the first symbol, and the payload data signals to be sent are carried in each subcarrier of the second and third symbols. The zero elements are replaced with pilot elements in each subcarrier of the fourth symbol, and the payload data signals to be sent are carried in each subcarrier of the fifth and sixth symbols. The above symbol arrangement is repeated to form a cycle of six symbols. This periodic arrangement is repeated on the time axis, so that signal transmission and channel estimation can be systematically optimized.

[0082] The MIMO combination supported by the outdoor MIMO system is 3 transmit and 4 receive, that is, 3 antennas are used at the transmit end and 4 antennas are used at the receive end. When designing, it is necessary to ensure that the pilot structure can effectively support the orthogonality of the system, that is, different data streams can maintain non-interference during signal transmission. For the second transmit port, please refer to Figure 6c , along the time coordinate axis, the pilot elements are replaced with zero elements in each subcarrier of the first symbol, the payload data signal to be sent is carried in each subcarrier of the second and third symbols, the zero elements are replaced with pilot elements in each subcarrier of the fourth symbol, the payload data signal to be sent is carried in each subcarrier of the fifth, sixth and seventh symbols, zero elements are inserted in each subcarrier of the eighth symbol, and the payload data signal to be sent is carried in each subcarrier of the ninth symbol.

[0083] For the third send port, see Figure 6d , along the time coordinate axis, the pilot elements in each subcarrier of the first symbol are replaced with zero elements, the payload data signals to be sent are carried in each subcarrier of the second and third symbols, zero elements are inserted in each subcarrier of the fourth symbol, the payload data signals to be sent are carried in each subcarrier of the fifth, sixth and seventh symbols, the pilot elements in each subcarrier of the eighth symbol are replaced with zero elements, and the payload data signals to be sent are carried in each subcarrier of the ninth symbol.

[0084] In the above implementation, the symbols including pilot elements in the first transmitting port are replaced by symbols including zero elements, and the symbols including zero elements in the first transmitting port are replaced by symbols including pilot elements. All pilot elements and zero elements in the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid are combined to obtain a second load data pilot pattern for other transmitting ports, thereby satisfying the system's requirements for orthogonality.

[0085] In some embodiments, see Figure 7a , based on the orthogonality between the subcarriers, and according to the payload data pilot pattern of the first transmitting port, determining the second payload data pilot pattern of the other transmitting ports in the plurality of transmitting ports may include the following steps: S710: Replace the frequency subcarriers including pilot elements in the first transmission port with frequency subcarriers including zero elements.

[0086] S720: Replace the frequency subcarriers including zero elements in the first transmission port with frequency subcarriers including pilot elements.

[0087] S730: Gather all pilot elements and zero elements in the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid to obtain second payload data pilot patterns of other sending ports.

[0088] Specifically, in MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) systems, orthogonality is also crucial. MIMO technology uses multiple antennas at the transmitter and receiver to achieve multipath propagation and spatial multiplexing of signals to improve the performance of communication systems. MIMO systems can use technologies such as spatial diversity, spatial multiplexing, and space-time coding to improve signal reliability and coverage, while significantly improving system capacity and spectrum utilization.

[0089] In the frequency domain, the frequency subcarriers including pilot elements in the first transmission port are replaced with frequency subcarriers including zero elements, which will make the signals at these positions have no pilot information. Conversely, the frequency subcarriers including zero elements in the first transmission port are replaced with frequency subcarriers including pilot elements, and all symbols that were originally zero elements will now contain pilot information. After the above symbol replacement operation, a new set of pilots and zero elements will be formed in the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid. Then, all pilot elements and zero elements in the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid are collected to obtain the second payload data pilot pattern of other transmission ports.

[0090] Exemplarily, for an indoor MIMO system, for the second transmission port, refer to Figure 7b , along the frequency coordinate axis, in each subcarrier of the first frequency subcarrier, the pilot element is replaced by a zero element, in each subcarrier of the second frequency subcarrier, the payload data signal to be sent is carried, and in each subcarrier of the third frequency subcarrier, the zero element is replaced by a pilot element. In each subcarrier of the fourth frequency subcarrier, the pilot element is replaced by a zero element, in each subcarrier of the fifth frequency subcarrier, the payload data signal to be sent is carried, and in each subcarrier of the sixth frequency subcarrier, the zero element is replaced by a pilot element. In each subcarrier of the seventh frequency subcarrier, the payload data signal to be sent is carried.

[0091] For outdoor MIMO systems, refer to Figure 7c , along the frequency coordinate axis, in each subcarrier of the first frequency subcarrier, the pilot element is replaced by a zero element, in each subcarrier of the second frequency subcarrier, the payload data signal to be sent is carried, and in each subcarrier of the third frequency subcarrier, the zero element is replaced by a pilot element. In each subcarrier of the fourth frequency subcarrier, the payload data signal to be sent is carried, in each subcarrier of the fifth frequency subcarrier, a zero element is inserted, and in each subcarrier of the sixth frequency subcarrier, the payload data signal to be sent is carried.

[0092] For the third send port, see Figure 7d, along the frequency coordinate axis, in each subcarrier of the first frequency subcarrier, the pilot element is replaced by a zero element, in each subcarrier of the second frequency subcarrier, the payload data signal to be sent is carried, and in each subcarrier of the third frequency subcarrier, a zero element is inserted. In each subcarrier of the fourth frequency subcarrier, the payload data signal to be sent is carried, in each subcarrier of the fifth frequency subcarrier, the zero element is replaced by a pilot element, and in each subcarrier of the sixth frequency subcarrier, the payload data signal to be sent is carried.

[0093] In the above implementation, the frequency subcarrier including the pilot element in the first transmission port is replaced by a frequency subcarrier including the zero element, and the frequency subcarrier including the zero element in the first transmission port is replaced by a frequency subcarrier including the pilot element. All the pilot elements and zero elements in the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid are collected to obtain the second load data pilot pattern of other transmission ports, thereby satisfying the system's requirements for orthogonality.

[0094] In some embodiments, based on the orthogonality between subcarriers, determining the second payload data pilot pattern of other transmitting ports among multiple transmitting ports according to the payload data pilot pattern of the first transmitting port may include the following steps: using the payload data pilot pattern of the first transmitting port as the second payload data pilot pattern of other transmitting ports.

[0095] Specifically, in a system with multiple transmission ports, since the pilot sequence of each port is designed to be orthogonal, this means that they are independent in the signal space and will not interfere with each other. Therefore, the same pilot pattern can be used in all transmission ports to simplify system design and implementation. This method utilizes the orthogonal nature of the pilot, so that the payload data pilot pattern of the first transmission port can be directly applied to the second payload data pilot pattern of other transmission ports. This consistency not only ensures that the pilot signals between different ports do not interfere with each other, but also simplifies the synchronization and decoding process of the system, thereby improving the transmission efficiency and stability of the entire system.

[0096] In the above implementation, the payload data pilot pattern of the first transmission port is used as the second payload data pilot pattern of other transmission ports, thereby satisfying the system's requirement for orthogonality.

[0097] In some embodiments, the other transmission ports include a second transmission port, and based on the first payload data pilot pattern and the second payload data pilot pattern, the pilot is inserted into the payload data signal to be transmitted, and the payload data signal to be transmitted is transmitted based on the subcarrier, which may include: based on the first payload data pilot pattern of the first transmission port, the first pilot is inserted into the payload data signal to be transmitted, and the payload data signal to be transmitted is transmitted based on the subcarrier. Based on the second payload data pilot pattern of the second transmission port, the second pilot is inserted into the payload data signal to be transmitted, and the payload data signal to be transmitted is transmitted based on the subcarrier.

[0098] The second pilot signal is orthogonal to the first pilot signal.

[0099] Specifically, in the case where the first payload data pilot pattern of the first transmission port is consistent with the second payload data pilot pattern of the second transmission port, the pilots are predefined known signals that are inserted into the data transmission so that the receiver can use them to estimate the characteristics of the channel, such as phase offset and delay spread. For the first transmission port, according to the first payload data pilot pattern of the first transmission port, the first pilot is inserted into the payload data signal to be transmitted. For the second transmission port, according to the second payload data pilot pattern of the second transmission port, the second pilot having orthogonality with the first pilot is inserted into the payload data signal to be transmitted. The payload data signal after the pilot is inserted is modulated and prepared for transmission in the OFDM system. The modulated signal is mapped to the subcarrier and allocated according to the predetermined OFDM structure. Each subcarrier will carry certain data and pilot information, and the OFDM symbol will be transmitted to the receiving end through the medium. In this process, the pilot symbol in the signal will help the receiving end to perform channel estimation and compensation, thereby improving the reliability of data transmission.

[0100] In the above implementation, based on the first payload data pilot pattern of the first transmission port, the first pilot is inserted into the payload data signal to be transmitted, and the payload data signal to be transmitted is transmitted based on the subcarrier. Based on the second payload data pilot pattern of the second transmission port, the second pilot is inserted into the payload data signal to be transmitted, and the payload data signal to be transmitted is transmitted based on the subcarrier, thereby improving the performance of the communication system, especially in terms of the accuracy of channel estimation and the system's anti-multipath capability.

[0101] It should be noted that pilot design mainly considers two aspects: the selection of pilot form and the orthogonality design of pilot symbols. First of all, the two are not in conflict with each other and can be optimized and designed independently. The above description implementation method specifically describes the orthogonality design of pilots. The selection of pilot form is as follows: The selection of pilot format involves how to allocate pilot resources to balance the rapidity of signal estimation and system overhead. Figure 8a, the payload data pilot can occupy all the frequency domain resources in the frequency domain resources of the first time domain signal to provide the most comprehensive channel information, thereby improving the accuracy of signal estimation, but it will also bring greater system overhead, including higher bandwidth and computational burden. On the other hand, the pilot can also occupy only part of the frequency domain resources, see Figure 8b , can reduce system overhead, but may reduce the accuracy of signal estimation. When designing the pilot pattern, the position of the pilot on the subcarrier is not fixed, and the appropriate pilot position and density need to be selected according to specific requirements and constraints.

[0102] When the physical block (PHY Block, PB) of the payload data transmission is large, taking the 1-stream transmission signal in MIMO as an example, in order to ensure the reliability and performance of signal transmission, please refer to Figure 8c In addition to inserting a pilot in the first time domain symbol, a pilot needs to be inserted in the (K / 2+1)th time domain symbol, where K represents the total number of time domain symbols occupied by the current transport block. This design can improve the accuracy of channel estimation and ensure that there is sufficient pilot information in the entire transport block.

[0103] For special cases, when the data channel uses 2-stream (or more streams) data transmission, the pilot of each stream must be configured separately to ensure that the channel estimation of each stream signal can be accurately supported. In contrast, if the data channel has only single-stream data, the pilot in the PHR can be reused for channel estimation, thereby simplifying system design and reducing overhead.

[0104] The embodiment of this specification provides a data transmission device 900 based on a load data pilot pattern, the device is applied to a MIMO-PLC system, the MIMO-PLC system includes a power line communication terminal, the power line communication terminal includes a plurality of transmission ports, see Fig. 9 The data transmission device 900 based on the payload data pilot pattern includes: an element position determination module 910, a first pilot pattern determination module 920, a second pilot pattern determination module 930, and a pilot insertion and transmission module 940.

[0105] The element position determination module 910 is used to obtain the position of the pilot element and the zero element in the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid according to the time-frequency domain position of each pilot element and the zero element in the subcarrier; wherein the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid is composed of subcarriers continuous in the frequency domain and symbols continuous in the time domain; A first pilot pattern determination module 920 is configured to aggregate pilot elements and zero elements in a two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid to obtain a first payload data pilot pattern of a first transmitting port among the multiple transmitting ports; A second pilot pattern determining module 930 is configured to determine, based on orthogonality between subcarriers and according to the payload data pilot pattern of the first transmitting port, second payload data pilot patterns of other transmitting ports among the plurality of transmitting ports; The pilot insertion and transmission module 940 is used to insert a pilot into the payload data signal to be sent based on the first payload data pilot pattern and the second payload data pilot pattern, and transmit the payload data signal to be sent based on the subcarrier, wherein the zero element position indicates that the corresponding subcarrier does not carry the payload data signal to be sent.

[0106] In some embodiments, the method of obtaining the position of the pilot element and the zero element in the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid according to the time-frequency domain position of each pilot element and the zero element in the subcarrier includes: in the time domain, based on the payload data signal to be sent, determining the symbols including the pilot elements and the symbols including the zero elements.

[0107] In some embodiments, the method of obtaining the position of the pilot element and the zero element in the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid according to the time-frequency domain position of each pilot element and the zero element in the subcarrier includes: in the frequency domain, based on the payload data signal to be sent, determining the frequency subcarriers including the pilot elements and the frequency subcarriers including the zero elements.

[0108] In some embodiments, the method of obtaining the position of the pilot element and the zero element in the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid according to the time-frequency domain position of each pilot element and the zero element in the subcarrier includes: in the spatial domain, based on the payload data signal to be sent, determining the subcarrier including the pilot element.

[0109] For a detailed description of the data transmission device based on the payload data pilot pattern, reference may be made to the above description of the data transmission method based on the payload data pilot pattern, which will not be described in detail here.

[0110] The embodiment of this specification provides a computer device, which can be a terminal, and its internal structure diagram can be as follows: Fig.10As shown. The computer device includes a processor, a memory, a communication interface, a display screen and an input device connected through a system bus. Among them, the processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system and a computer program. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The communication interface of the computer device is used to communicate with an external terminal in a wired or wireless manner, and the wireless manner can be achieved through WIFI, an operator network, NFC (near field communication) or other technologies. When the computer program is executed by the processor, a data transmission method based on a load data pilot pattern is implemented. The display screen of the computer device can be a liquid crystal display screen or an electronic ink display screen, and the input device of the computer device can be a touch layer covered on the display screen, or a key, trackball or touchpad set on the computer device housing, or an external keyboard, touchpad or mouse, etc.

[0111] Those skilled in the art will understand that Fig.10 The structure shown in the figure is merely a block diagram of a portion of the structure related to the solution disclosed in this specification, and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the solution disclosed in this specification is applied. Specifically, the computer device may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have a different arrangement of components.

[0112] An embodiment of the present specification provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method in any of the above embodiments are implemented.

[0113] One embodiment of the present specification provides a computer program product, which includes instructions. When the instructions are executed by a processor of a computer device, the computer device can perform the steps of the method of any of the above embodiments.

[0114] It should be noted that the logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or described in other ways herein, for example, can be considered as a sequenced list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be specifically implemented in any computer-readable medium for use by an instruction execution system, device or equipment (such as a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other system that can fetch instructions from an instruction execution system, device or equipment and execute instructions), or in combination with these instruction execution systems, devices or equipment. For the purpose of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate or transmit a program for use by an instruction execution system, device or equipment, or in combination with these instruction execution systems, devices or equipment. More specific examples (non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable media include the following: an electrical connection portion with one or more wirings (electronic device), a portable computer disk box (magnetic device), a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable and editable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber device, and a portable compact disk read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer-readable medium may even be paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, since the program may be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium and then editing, interpreting or otherwise processing in a suitable manner if necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.

Claims

1. A data transmission method based on a payload data pilot pattern, characterized in that: The method is applied to a MIMO-PLC system, the MIMO-PLC system includes a power line communication terminal, the power line communication terminal includes a plurality of transmission ports, and the method includes: According to the time-frequency domain position of each pilot element and zero element in the subcarrier, the position of the pilot element and the zero element in the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid is obtained; wherein the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid is composed of subcarriers continuous in the frequency domain and symbols continuous in the time domain; Aggregating pilot elements and zero elements in the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid to obtain a first payload data pilot pattern for a first transmitting port among the multiple transmitting ports; Based on the orthogonality between the subcarriers, and according to the payload data pilot pattern of the first transmitting port, determining a second payload data pilot pattern of other transmitting ports among the multiple transmitting ports; Based on the first payload data pilot pattern and the second payload data pilot pattern, a pilot is inserted into a payload data signal to be sent, and the payload data signal to be sent is transmitted based on a subcarrier, wherein the zero element position indicates that the corresponding subcarrier does not carry the payload data signal to be sent.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The obtaining, according to the time-frequency domain position of each pilot element and zero element in the subcarrier, before the position of the pilot element and the zero element in the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid includes: In the time domain, based on the payload data signal to be sent, symbols including pilot elements and symbols including zero elements are determined.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The obtaining, according to the time-frequency domain position of each pilot element and zero element in the subcarrier, before the position of the pilot element and the zero element in the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid includes: In the frequency domain, based on the payload data signal to be sent, frequency subcarriers including pilot elements and frequency subcarriers including zero elements are determined.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The obtaining, according to the time-frequency domain position of each pilot element and zero element in the subcarrier, before the position of the pilot element and the zero element in the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid includes: In the spatial domain, based on the payload data signal to be sent, a subcarrier including a pilot element is determined.

5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The determining, based on the orthogonality between the subcarriers and according to the payload data pilot pattern of the first transmitting port, second payload data pilot patterns of other transmitting ports among the multiple transmitting ports comprises: Replacing symbols including pilot elements in the first transmission port with symbols including zero elements; Replacing symbols including zero elements in the first transmission port with symbols including pilot elements; All pilot elements and zero elements in the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid are aggregated to obtain second payload data pilot patterns of other transmission ports.

6. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The determining, based on the orthogonality between the subcarriers and according to the payload data pilot pattern of the first transmitting port, second payload data pilot patterns of other transmitting ports among the multiple transmitting ports comprises: replacing a frequency subcarrier including a pilot element in the first transmission port with a frequency subcarrier including a zero element; replacing a frequency subcarrier including zero elements in the first transmission port with a frequency subcarrier including pilot elements; All pilot elements and zero elements in the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid are aggregated to obtain second payload data pilot patterns of other transmission ports.

7. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The determining, based on the orthogonality between the subcarriers and according to the payload data pilot pattern of the first transmitting port, second payload data pilot patterns of other transmitting ports among the multiple transmitting ports comprises: The payload data pilot pattern of the first sending port is used as the second payload data pilot pattern of other sending ports.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The other transmitting ports include a second transmitting port, and the inserting a pilot into a payload data signal to be transmitted based on the first payload data pilot pattern and the second payload data pilot pattern, and transmitting the payload data signal to be transmitted based on a subcarrier, comprises: inserting a first pilot into a payload data signal to be sent based on a first payload data pilot pattern of the first sending port, and transmitting the payload data signal to be sent based on a subcarrier; Based on the second payload data pilot pattern of the second transmitting port, a second pilot is inserted into the payload data signal to be transmitted, and the payload data signal to be transmitted is transmitted based on a subcarrier, wherein the second pilot is orthogonal to the first pilot.

9. A data transmission device based on a payload data pilot pattern, characterized in that: The device is applied to a MIMO-PLC system, the MIMO-PLC system includes a power line communication terminal, the power line communication terminal includes a plurality of transmission ports, and the device includes: An element position determination module, used to obtain the position of the pilot element and the zero element in the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid according to the time-frequency domain position of each pilot element and the zero element in the subcarrier; wherein the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid is composed of subcarriers continuous in the frequency domain and symbols continuous in the time domain; A first pilot pattern determination module, configured to aggregate pilot elements and zero elements in a two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid to obtain a first load data pilot pattern of a first sending port among the multiple sending ports; A second pilot pattern determining module, configured to determine, based on orthogonality between subcarriers and according to the payload data pilot pattern of the first transmitting port, second payload data pilot patterns of other transmitting ports among the plurality of transmitting ports; A pilot insertion and transmission module is used to insert a pilot into a payload data signal to be sent based on the first payload data pilot pattern and the second payload data pilot pattern, and transmit the payload data signal to be sent based on a subcarrier, wherein the zero element position indicates that the corresponding subcarrier does not carry the payload data signal to be sent.

10. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that The method of obtaining the position of the pilot element and the zero element in the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid according to the time-frequency domain position of each pilot element and the zero element in the subcarrier includes: in the time domain, based on the payload data signal to be sent, determining the symbols including the pilot elements and the symbols including the zero elements.

11. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that The method of obtaining the position of the pilot element and the zero element in the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid according to the time-frequency domain position of each pilot element and the zero element in the subcarrier includes: in the frequency domain, based on the payload data signal to be sent, determining the frequency subcarrier including the pilot element and the frequency subcarrier including the zero element.

12. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that The method of obtaining the position of the pilot element and the zero element in the two-dimensional time-frequency resource grid according to the time-frequency domain position of each pilot element and the zero element in the subcarrier includes: in the spatial domain, based on the payload data signal to be sent, determining the subcarrier including the pilot element.

13. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 are implemented.

14. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 are implemented.

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