Low-temperature storage device and method for storing potatoes

Abstract

According to the low-temperature storage device and method for storing the potatoes, the potatoes are stored through the storage units, the advantage that the potatoes can be placed in a layered mode can be achieved, and the situation that the potatoes at the bottom are crushed and rotten due to the fact that the potatoes are stacked too high can be effectively avoided; adjusting fans are arranged on the bottom storage frame and the splicing units so that the storage temperature can be controlled in a partitioned mode in the potato storage process, and therefore the situation that due to the fact that the potatoes are blocked by the size, the temperature of all areas in the refrigeration house is not uniform, and the storage effect is affected is avoided; an adjusting fan is arranged, and the angle of fan blades can be adjusted through a servo motor, so that the effect of accurately adjusting the air outlet amount can be achieved; by arranging the control assembly, the effect of flexible adjustment can be achieved according to different temperatures among all the areas, and the potato storage effect is further guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of low-temperature devices for storing potatoes, and in particular to a low-temperature storage device and method for storing potatoes. Background Art

[0002] The most suitable storage temperature for potatoes is between 7°C and 10°C, which can slow down the aging of potatoes and prevent them from rotting too quickly. When the temperature is too high, potatoes are prone to sprouting, which not only consumes the nutrients inside the potatoes and reduces their edible value, but also may produce toxic substances (such as solanine), posing a threat to human health. At the same time, high temperatures may also cause potatoes to deteriorate, rot, and mold. When the temperature is too low, the starch in potatoes may be converted into sugar. This conversion will not only change the taste and texture of potatoes, making them sweet and hard, but may also affect the cooking effect and nutritional value of potatoes. The conventional method of storing potatoes in large quantities is usually to place the potatoes in a cold storage to ensure that they have a relatively suitable temperature. However, the air outlet of the cold storage in the conventional technology is usually fixed in a certain area in the cold storage. Therefore, when there are a lot of potatoes piled up in the cold storage, they are blocked by the volume of the potatoes, which can easily lead to uneven temperatures in various areas inside the cold storage. The temperature at the bottom or far away from the air outlet is higher. Some potatoes may age and rot faster due to the high temperature, which shortens the storage period of the potatoes. Frequent inspections and screening are required to remove potatoes of poor quality, which increases storage costs and reduces storage efficiency. When storing potatoes in large quantities, potatoes that are piled too high will cause the lower potatoes to bear too much pressure, which can easily cause the potatoes to be crushed. These damaged potatoes are more likely to rot and may affect the storage of other potatoes. The internal ventilation of a pile of potatoes that is piled too high is poor, which will affect the respiration of the potatoes. Since potatoes release heat and gases such as carbon dioxide during storage, if they are piled too high, these gases cannot be dissipated in time, which will cause the temperature inside the potato pile to rise and the humidity to increase, thereby accelerating the rotting and germination of the potatoes. Therefore, the present invention provides a low-temperature storage device and method for storing potatoes to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a low-temperature storage device and method for storing potatoes, which has the advantages of being able to flexibly adjust the temperature of various potato storage areas and ensure ventilation of the bottom, thereby solving the problem in the prior art that potatoes are prone to sprouting or frostbite during the placement process.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a low-temperature storage device for storing potatoes, comprising a cold storage body and a temperature monitoring module, wherein a sealing door for sealing is arranged on the cold storage body, a refrigeration unit for refrigeration is arranged on the top of the cold storage body, and an air outlet of the refrigeration unit is arranged on the top wall of the inner cavity of the cold storage body; a plurality of storage units for placing potatoes are arranged inside the cold storage body, and the plurality of storage units are spliced ​​together; One of the storage units is formed by vertically splicing a bottom storage rack and a splicing unit, wherein the bottom storage rack is located at the bottom layer, and the splicing unit is spliced ​​above the bottom storage rack; The bottom storage rack includes a first placement plate, the first placement plate is provided with a first ventilation pipe, four ventilation plates are provided at the bottom of the first ventilation pipe, the four ventilation plates are spliced ​​with each other, the ventilation plates are provided with a plurality of ventilation holes for ventilation, and the first ventilation pipe is provided with a plurality of air outlet holes for ventilation; The splicing unit includes a second placement plate, a second ventilation duct for support is arranged on the second placement plate, an air outlet duct is arranged on the second ventilation duct, a plurality of second ventilation ducts are connected to the first ventilation duct in a vertical direction, regulating fans for adjusting the air volume are arranged in the first ventilation duct and the air outlet duct, and sensors for detecting temperature are arranged at the bottom of the first placement plate and the second placement plate.

[0005] Furthermore, regulating fans are provided on the second placement plate and the first placement plate close to the inner wall of the cold storage body, and the regulating fans on two adjacent layers of second placement plates or two adjacent layers of second placement plates and the first placement plate in the vertical direction are installed on different sides, and the regulating fan on the topmost layer is arranged on the side away from the air outlet of the refrigeration unit.

[0006] Furthermore, both side surfaces of the first placement plate and the second placement plate are provided with card slots for connection, and the first placement plate and the second placement plate are connected to each other through the card slots.

[0007] Furthermore, a gas exchange tube for air circulation is provided on the splicing unit near an inner wall of the cold storage body, a circulating fan is provided in the gas exchange tube, the other end of the gas exchange tube passes through the cold storage body, and a three-way valve is provided at the connection between the gas exchange tube and the second ventilation tube.

[0008] Furthermore, the top and bottom of the first ventilation duct and the second ventilation duct are both provided with connecting plates for installation, and a plurality of the connecting plates are each provided with a plurality of bolt holes for connection, and the plurality of connecting plates are installed through bolts and bolt holes, and the connecting plate located at the bottom of the first ventilation duct is connected to the bottom of the cold storage body through bolts and the bolt holes. The regulating fan includes a mounting plate for connection, and a fan motor is arranged on the mounting plate, and the output shaft of the fan motor is fixedly connected to a transmission box, and a plurality of fan blades are arranged on the transmission box, and one end of the output shaft of the fan motor extends to the transmission box The inside of the gear box is rotatably connected to a connecting platform, the connecting platform is rotatably connected to a connecting rod, a turbine is fixedly connected to the rod body of the connecting rod, a servo motor is fixedly connected to the transmission box, the output shaft of the servo motor is fixedly connected to a worm, the worm and the turbine are meshed with each other, the top of the turbine is fixedly connected to a face gear for transmission, the face gear is meshed with a plurality of driven gears matched with the number of the fan blades, and a transmission shaft is provided on the driven gears, the plurality of transmission shafts are rotatably connected to the transmission box and the other ends extend to the outside of the transmission box and are fixedly connected to the fan blades.

[0009] Further, the following steps are included: S1. Set the number of storage units according to the volume of the cold storage body. First, set the number of bottom storage racks according to the required cold storage body area. According to the height of the cold storage body, splice the splicing units that match the height of the cold storage on the top of the bottom storage rack; S2, placing the potatoes to be stored layer by layer between the multiple storage units, the area between the first placement plate and the ventilation hole between each storage unit is the bottom storage area, the area between each second placement plate and the area between the second placement plate and the first placement plate of the lowest layer is the middle storage area; S3, control the refrigeration unit to cool down the interior of the cold storage body, and collect the temperature of the bottom storage area and the middle storage area through the temperature monitoring module; S4, when the monitored temperature in the central storage area exceeds the set temperature threshold, the fan motor is controlled to drive the transmission box and the fan blades to rotate to transmit the low-temperature air on the top layer to the next layer through the second ventilation pipe and the air outlet pipe, and then to each layer layer by layer; When the temperature of the bottom storage area exceeds the set temperature threshold, the fan motor in the first ventilation duct is controlled to drive the transmission box and the fan blades to rotate, and the low-temperature air in the upper layer is transferred to the bottom storage area through the air outlet; S5. When the temperature of each area tends to be stable, all regulating fans arranged in the first ventilation duct and the second ventilation duct are turned off, and the regulating fans arranged on the first placement plate and the second placement plate are turned on to realize internal circulation of low-temperature air.

[0010] Furthermore, S5 also includes the following sub-steps: S5.1. First, turn on the regulating fan on the second placement plate at the top to start, and guide the low-temperature air at the air outlet of the refrigeration unit to the second placement plate away from the air outlet, so as to achieve temperature stability in the top placement area; S5.2, control the servo motor to rotate a certain angle, adjust the angle of the fan on the top layer, increase the ventilation volume between the top layer and the adjacent layer downward, and quickly transfer the low-temperature air to the next layer; S5.3, control the start-up of the regulating fan of the layer adjacent to the top layer, and guide the low-temperature air of the upper layer to a place far away from the regulating fan of the upper layer, so as to achieve temperature stability of the placement area, control the servo motor to rotate a certain angle, and adjust the angle of the fan so that its wind speed is less than the wind speed of the regulating fan of the upper layer adjacent to it; S5.4. The air volume of the fan is adjusted layer by layer until the temperature of the lowest layer tends to be stable, and the fan motor is controlled to stop outputting. At this time, the gaps between the blades of the adjustable fan on each layer are set from large to low, and the low-temperature air at the top can descend layer by layer according to the gaps between the blades.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this application has the following beneficial effects: 1. The low-temperature storage device and method for storing potatoes can achieve the advantage of placing potatoes in layers by adopting storage units to store potatoes, and can effectively avoid the situation where potatoes at the bottom are crushed and rotten due to excessive stacking of potatoes.

[0012] 2. The low-temperature storage device and method for storing potatoes, by providing a bottom storage rack, can effectively achieve ventilation effect for potatoes stored at the bottom during the storage process, thereby avoiding accelerated aging and decay due to excessively high temperature during use.

[0013] 3. This low-temperature storage device and method for storing potatoes, by arranging regulating fans on the bottom storage rack and the splicing unit, can realize zoned control of storage temperature during the storage of potatoes, thereby avoiding being blocked by the volume of the potatoes, which easily leads to uneven temperature in various areas inside the cold storage and affects the storage effect.

[0014] 4. By providing an adjustable fan and adjusting the angle of the fan blades through a servo motor, the air volume can be accurately adjusted, ensuring more accurate temperature control in different zones.

[0015] 5. By setting up a control assembly, it can achieve flexible adjustment according to the different temperatures between different areas, further ensuring the storage effect of potatoes and avoiding the impact on the storage of beans due to uneven temperatures in various areas inside the cold storage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the storage unit structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a front view of the storage unit structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bottom storage rack of the present invention; Figure 5 A top view of the bottom storage rack structure of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the splicing unit of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a front view of the splicing unit structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the splicing unit for gas exchange of the present invention; Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the fan adjustment structure of the present invention; Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fan adjustment of the present invention; Fig.11 This is the low-temperature air flow diagram of the present invention.

[0017] In the figure: 1. cold storage body; 11. sealed door; 12. refrigeration unit; 13. storage unit; 2. bottom storage rack; 21. first placement plate; 22. ventilation plate; 23. ventilation hole; 24. first ventilation pipe; 25. air outlet; 3. splicing unit; 31. second placement plate; 32. second ventilation pipe; 33. air outlet pipe; 34. gas exchange pipe; 35. circulation fan; 36. three-way valve; 4. regulating fan; 401. mounting plate; 402. fan motor; 403. transmission box; 404. fan blade; 405. connecting platform; 406. connecting rod; 407. turbine; 408. servo motor; 409. worm; 410. face gear; 411. driven gear; 412. transmission shaft; 51. connecting plate; 52. bolt hole; 6. sensor; 7. slot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] See also Figure 1-11 A low-temperature storage device for storing potatoes includes a cold storage body 1 and a control assembly, the control assembly includes a monitoring module, a processing module and a control module; a sealing door 11 for sealing is arranged on the cold storage body 1, a refrigeration unit 12 for refrigeration is arranged on the top of the cold storage body 1, and a plurality of storage units 13 for placing potatoes are arranged inside the cold storage body 1, and the plurality of storage units 13 are spliced ​​together; one storage unit 13 is spliced ​​in a vertical direction by a bottom storage rack 2 and a splicing unit 3, the bottom storage rack 2 is located at the bottom layer, and the splicing unit 3 is spliced ​​above the bottom storage rack 2; the bottom storage rack 2 includes a first placement plate 21, and the first placement plate 21 is provided with a splicing unit 3 for supporting the first storage rack 2; A ventilation duct 24, four ventilation plates 22 are arranged at the bottom of the first ventilation duct 24, the four ventilation plates 22 are spliced ​​with each other, the ventilation plates 22 are provided with a plurality of ventilation holes 23 for ventilation, and the first ventilation duct 24 is provided with a plurality of air outlet holes 25 for ventilation; the splicing unit 3 includes a second placement plate 31, a second ventilation duct 32 for support is arranged on the second placement plate 31, an air outlet duct 33 is arranged on the second ventilation duct 32, and a plurality of second ventilation ducts 32 are connected to the first ventilation duct 24 in a vertical direction, and regulating fans 4 for adjusting the air output are arranged in the first ventilation duct 24 and the air outlet duct 33, and sensors 6 for detecting temperature are arranged at the bottom of the first placement plate 21 and the second placement plate 31.

[0020] As a preferred technical solution in this embodiment, the regulating fans 4 are arranged on the second placement plate 31 and the first placement plate 21 close to the inner wall of the cold storage body 1, and the regulating fans 4 on the second placement plates 31 of two adjacent layers in the vertical direction or the second placement plates 31 and the first placement plates 21 of two adjacent layers are installed on different sides, and the regulating fan 4 located on the top layer is arranged on the side away from the air outlet of the refrigeration unit 12. This arrangement can effectively ensure that the low-temperature air can circulate quickly between the layers, and at the same time can avoid the occurrence of dead corners in the circulation of the low-temperature air, so as to achieve the stability of the temperature in each layer of space.

[0021] As a preferred technical solution in this embodiment, when the staff is actually placing the potatoes, they can install multiple storage units 13 according to the volume of the cold storage. First, install the first-layer bottom storage rack 2 to place the potatoes between the bottom ventilation plate 22 and the first placement plate 21. When the bottom storage area is full, start installing the second-layer splicing unit 3, and then place the potatoes in the middle storage area between the second placement plate 31 and the first placement plate 21; finally, splice the corresponding number of splicing units 3 according to the height of the cold storage, and store the potatoes in the middle storage area.

[0022] As a preferred technical solution in this embodiment, both sides of the first placement board 21 and the second placement board 31 are provided with a card slot 7 for connection, and the first placement board 21 and the second placement board 31 are connected to each other through the card slot 7. During the splicing process, the card slots 7 between the second placement board 31 and the first placement board 21 are connected to each other to form a supporting effect, thereby ensuring the bearing capacity of the potatoes.

[0023] As a preferred technical solution in this embodiment, the top and bottom of the first ventilation duct 24 and the second ventilation duct 32 are both provided with connecting plates 51 for installation, and multiple connecting plates 51 are each provided with multiple bolt holes 52 for connection. The multiple connecting plates 51 are installed through bolts and bolt holes 52, and the connecting plate 51 at the bottom of the first ventilation duct 24 is connected to the bottom of the cold storage body 1 through bolts and bolt holes 52. By providing the connecting plates 51 and the bolt holes 52, the stability of the connection between the multiple second ventilation ducts 32 and the second ventilation duct 32 and the first ventilation duct 24 can be ensured, and the effect of quick installation and removal can be effectively achieved.

[0024] As a preferred technical solution in this embodiment, a gas exchange tube 34 for air circulation is also provided on the splicing unit 3 close to the inner wall of the cold storage body 1, and a circulation fan 35 is provided in the gas exchange tube 34. The other end of the gas exchange tube 34 passes through the cold storage body 1, and a three-way valve 36 is provided at the connection between the gas exchange tube 34 and the second ventilation tube 32. During actual use, when the sensor 6 detects that the carbon dioxide concentration in the cold storage body 1 is high, the control module can control the circulation fan 25 to realize gas exchange between the inside and outside of the cold storage body 1, so that the carbon dioxide concentration in the cold storage body 1 returns to normal. At the same time, the sensor can monitor the temperature of the storage unit 13 in real time, and can ensure the stability of the temperature of the storage unit 13 during the process of realizing gas exchange outside. Specifically, when the carbon dioxide in the cold storage body 1 needs to be discharged, the staff can control the three-way valve 36 to connect the air outlet pipe 33 with the gas exchange pipe 34, and then control the circulating fan 35 to restore the carbon dioxide concentration in the cold storage body 1 to normal. At this time, the three-way valve 36 is controlled to close the gas exchange pipe 34, and the second ventilation pipe 32 is connected to the air outlet pipe 33. At the same time, due to the exchange of external gas, the temperature inside the cold storage body 1 fluctuates, and the temperature stability inside the cold storage body 1 can be ensured by adjusting the fan 4 again.

[0025] The adjustable fan 4 includes a mounting plate 401 for connection, a fan motor 402 is arranged on the mounting plate 401, the output shaft of the fan motor 402 is fixedly connected to a transmission box 403, and a plurality of fan blades 404 are arranged on the transmission box 403. One end of the output shaft of the fan motor 402 extends to the inside of the transmission box 403, and is rotatably connected to a connecting platform 405, which is rotatably connected to a connecting rod 406, and a turbine 407 is fixedly connected to the rod body of the connecting rod 406. A servo motor 408 is fixedly connected inside the transmission box 403, and a worm 409 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the servo motor 408, and the worm 409 and the turbine 407 are meshed with each other. The top of the turbine 407 is fixedly connected with a face gear 410 for transmission, and the face gear 410 is meshingly connected with a plurality of driven gears 411 matching the number of the fan blades 404. A transmission shaft 412 is provided on each of the driven gears 411. The plurality of transmission shafts 412 are rotatably connected to the transmission box 403 and the other end extends to the outside of the transmission box 403 and is fixedly connected to the fan blades 404.

[0026] As a preferred technical solution in this embodiment, during actual use, when the staff needs to adjust the air volume, the staff can control the servo motor 408 to drive the worm 409 to rotate a certain angle, and during the rotation of the worm 409, the turbine 407 can be driven to rotate, and during the rotation of the turbine 407, the face gear 410 can be driven to rotate, and during the rotation of the face gear 410, multiple driven gears 411 can be driven to rotate, and during the rotation of the driven gear 411, the transmission shaft 412 can be driven to rotate the fan blades 404, thereby achieving the effect of adjusting the inclination angle of multiple fan blades 404, thereby achieving the effect of controlling the ventilation volume, that is, within a reasonable range, the larger the inclination angle of the blades, the greater the air output, and the effect of controlling the air output is achieved by controlling the inclination angle of the blades.

[0027] A low temperature storage method for storing potatoes, comprising the following steps: S1. The number of storage units 13 is set according to the volume of the cold storage body 1. First, the number of bottom storage racks 2 is set according to the required area of ​​the cold storage body 1. The splicing units 3 that match the height of the cold storage are spliced ​​on the top of the bottom storage rack 2 according to the height of the cold storage body 1. S2, placing the potatoes to be stored layer by layer between the multiple storage units 13, the area between the first placement plate 21 and the ventilation hole 23 between each storage unit 13 is the bottom storage area, the area between each second placement plate 31 and the area between the second placement plate 31 and the first placement plate 21 of the lowest layer is the middle storage area; S3, control the refrigeration unit 12 to cool down the interior of the cold storage body 1, and collect the temperature of the bottom storage area and the middle storage area through the temperature monitoring module; S4, when the monitored temperature of the central storage area exceeds the set temperature threshold, the fan motor 402 is controlled to drive the transmission box 403 and the fan blades 404 to rotate to transmit the low-temperature air on the top layer to the next layer through the second ventilation pipe 32 and the air outlet pipe 33, and then to each layer layer by layer; When the temperature of the bottom storage area exceeds the set temperature threshold, the fan motor 402 in the first ventilation duct 24 is controlled to drive the transmission box 403 and the fan blades 404 to rotate, and the low-temperature air in the upper layer is transferred to the bottom storage area through the air outlet 25; S5. When the temperature of each area tends to be stable, turn off all the regulating fans 4 arranged in the first ventilation duct 24 and the second ventilation duct 32, and turn on the regulating fans 4 arranged on the first placement plate 21 and the second placement plate 31 to achieve internal circulation of low-temperature air.

[0028] 7. A low temperature storage method for storing potatoes according to claim 6, characterized in that S5 also includes the following sub-steps: S5.1. First, turn on the regulating fan 4 on the second placement plate 31 at the top to guide the low-temperature air at the air outlet of the refrigeration unit 12 to the second placement plate 31 away from the air outlet, so as to achieve temperature stability in the topmost placement area; S5.2, control the servo motor 408 to rotate a certain angle, adjust the angle of the fan 404 on the top layer, increase the ventilation volume of the top layer and the adjacent layer downward, and quickly transfer the low-temperature air to the next layer; S5.3, control the regulating fan 4 of the layer adjacent to the top layer to start, guide the low-temperature air of the upper layer to a place far away from the regulating fan 404 of the upper layer, so as to stabilize the temperature of the placement area, control the servo motor 408 to rotate a certain angle, and adjust the angle of the fan 404 so that its wind speed is less than the wind speed of the regulating fan of the upper layer adjacent to it; S5.4, gradually reduce the air volume of the fan 4 layer by layer until the temperature of the lowest layer tends to be stable, and then control the fan motor 402 to stop output. At this time, the gaps between the blades 404 of the adjustable fan 4 on each layer are set from large to low, and the low-temperature air at the top can descend layer by layer according to the gaps between the blades.

[0029] As a preferred technical solution in this embodiment, in actual use, the staff can set the storage temperature inside the cold storage body 1 between 7-10°C. When the potatoes are just started to be stored, the staff can turn on multiple regulating fans arranged on the air outlet duct 35 and the first ventilation duct 24 to achieve rapid stabilization of the air inside the cold storage body 1, until the temperature monitoring module detects that the temperature of each storage area is between the set temperature thresholds, and the regulating fan 4 arranged on the air outlet duct 35 and the first ventilation duct 24 stops starting; then the staff can control the servo motor 408 to drive the worm 409 to rotate a certain angle, and during the rotation of the worm 409, it can drive the turbine 407 to rotate, and during the rotation of the turbine 407, it can drive the face gear 410 to rotate, and during the rotation of the face gear 410, it can drive multiple driven gears 411 to rotate, and during the rotation of the driven gear 411, it can drive the transmission shaft 412 to rotate the fan blades 404, thereby adjusting the multiple fan blades 404 to a closed state, that is, minimizing the gap between the blades 404, thereby ensuring the temperature stability between each layer area.

[0030] It is worth noting that, during actual use, the staff can set the minimum gap between the blades 404 according to actual use requirements to ensure the effect of controlling gas circulation.

[0031] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0032] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A low-temperature storage device for storing potatoes, comprising a cold storage body (1) and a temperature monitoring module, characterized in that: A sealing door (11) for sealing is arranged on the top of the cold storage body (1); a refrigeration unit (12) for refrigeration is arranged on the top of the cold storage body (1); an air outlet of the refrigeration unit (12) is arranged on the top wall of the inner cavity of the cold storage body (1); a plurality of storage units (13) for placing potatoes are arranged inside the cold storage body (1); the plurality of storage units (13) are spliced ​​together; One storage unit (13) is formed by vertically splicing a bottom storage rack (2) and a splicing unit (3), wherein the bottom storage rack (2) is located at the bottom layer, and the splicing unit (3) is spliced ​​above the bottom storage rack (2); The bottom storage rack (2) comprises a first placement plate (21), the first placement plate (21) is provided with a first ventilation pipe (24), the bottom of the first ventilation pipe (24) is provided with four ventilation plates (22), the four ventilation plates (22) are spliced ​​with each other, the ventilation plates (22) are provided with a plurality of ventilation holes (23) for ventilation, and the first ventilation pipe (24) is provided with a plurality of air outlet holes (25) for ventilation; The splicing unit (3) comprises a second placement plate (31), a second ventilation pipe (32) for supporting is arranged on the second placement plate (31), an air outlet pipe (33) is arranged on the second ventilation pipe (32), a plurality of the second ventilation pipes (32) are connected to the first ventilation pipe (24) in a vertical direction, a regulating fan (4) for regulating the air volume is arranged in the first ventilation pipe (24) and the air outlet pipe (33), and a sensor (6) for detecting temperature is arranged at the bottom of the first placement plate (21) and the second placement plate (31).

2. A low temperature storage device for storing potatoes as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The second placement plate (31) and the first placement plate (21) close to the inner wall of the cold storage body (1) are both provided with regulating fans (4); the regulating fans (4) on two adjacent layers of second placement plates (31) in the vertical direction or on two adjacent layers of second placement plates (31) and the first placement plate (21) are installed on different sides; the regulating fan (4) located on the topmost layer is arranged on the side away from the air outlet of the refrigeration unit (12).

3. A low temperature storage device for storing potatoes as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Both side surfaces of the first placement plate (21) and the second placement plate (31) are provided with card slots (7) for connection, and the first placement plate (21) and the second placement plate (31) are connected to each other via the card slots (7).

4. A low temperature storage device for storing potatoes as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A gas exchange pipe (34) for air circulation is also provided on the splicing unit (3) near an inner side wall of the cold storage body (1), a circulation fan (35) is provided in the gas exchange pipe (34), the other end of the gas exchange pipe (34) passes through the cold storage body (1), and a three-way valve (36) is provided at the connection between the gas exchange pipe (34) and the second ventilation pipe (32).

5. A low temperature storage device for storing potatoes as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The top and bottom of the first ventilation duct (24) and the second ventilation duct (32) are both provided with connecting plates (51) for installation, and a plurality of the connecting plates (51) are each provided with a plurality of bolt holes (52) for connection. The plurality of connecting plates (51) are installed with each other through bolts and bolt holes (52). The connecting plate (51) located at the bottom of the first ventilation duct (24) is connected to the bottom of the cold storage body (1) through bolts and the bolt holes (52). The regulating fan (4) comprises a mounting plate (401) for connection, a fan motor (402) is provided on the mounting plate (401), an output shaft of the fan motor (402) is fixedly connected to a transmission box (403), a plurality of fan blades (404) are provided on the transmission box (403), one end of the output shaft of the fan motor (402) extends to the interior of the transmission box (403) and is rotatably connected to the transmission box (403). A connecting platform (405), the connecting platform (405) being rotatably connected to a connecting rod (406), a turbine (407) being fixedly connected to the rod body of the connecting rod (406), a servo motor (408) being fixedly connected inside the transmission box (403), an output shaft of the servo motor (408) being fixedly connected to a worm (409), the worm (409) and the turbine (407) being meshed with each other, a face gear (410) for transmission being fixedly connected to the top of the turbine (407), the face gear (410) being meshedly connected to a plurality of driven gears (411) matching the number of the fan blades (404), a transmission shaft (412) being provided on each of the driven gears (411), the plurality of transmission shafts (412) being rotatably connected to the transmission box (403) and having the other ends extending to the outside of the transmission box (403) and being fixedly connected to the fan blades (404).

6. A low temperature storage method for storing potatoes based on the device according to claims 1-5, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. The number of storage units (13) is set according to the volume of the cold storage body (1). First, the number of bottom storage racks (2) is set according to the required area of ​​the cold storage body (1). According to the height of the cold storage body (1), a splicing unit (3) that matches the height of the cold storage is spliced ​​on the top of the bottom storage rack (2); S2, placing the potatoes to be stored layer by layer between the plurality of storage units (13), wherein the area between the first placement plate (21) and the ventilation hole (23) between each storage unit (13) is the bottom storage area, and the area between each second placement plate (31) and the area between the second placement plate (31) and the first placement plate (21) at the bottom layer are the middle storage area; S3, controlling the refrigeration unit (12) to cool down the interior of the cold storage body (1), and collecting the temperatures of the bottom storage area and the middle storage area through a temperature monitoring module; S4, when the monitored temperature of the central storage area exceeds a set temperature threshold, the fan motor (402) is controlled to drive the transmission box (403) and the fan blades (404) to rotate to transmit the low-temperature air at the top layer to the next layer through the second ventilation pipe (32) and the air outlet pipe (33), and then to each layer layer by layer; When the temperature of the bottom storage area exceeds a set temperature threshold, the fan motor (402) in the first ventilation duct (24) is controlled to drive the transmission box (403) and the fan blades (404) to rotate, so as to transfer the low-temperature air in the upper layer to the bottom storage area through the air outlet (25); S5. When the temperature of each area tends to be stable, all regulating fans (4) arranged in the first ventilation duct (24) and the second ventilation duct (32) are turned off, and the regulating fans (4) arranged on the first placement plate (21) and the second placement plate (31) are turned on to achieve internal circulation of low-temperature air.

7. A low temperature storage method for potatoes according to claim 6, characterized in that: The S5 also includes the following sub-steps: S5.

1. First, the regulating fan (4) on the second placement plate (31) at the top is turned on to guide the low-temperature air at the air outlet of the refrigeration unit (12) to the second placement plate (31) away from the air outlet, so as to achieve temperature stability in the top placement area; S5.2, controlling the servo motor (408) to rotate at a certain angle, adjusting the angle of the fan (404) on the uppermost layer, increasing the ventilation volume of the uppermost layer and the adjacent layer downward, and quickly transferring the low-temperature air to the next layer; S5.3, controlling the regulating fan (4) of the layer adjacent to the top layer to start, and guiding the low-temperature air of the upper layer to a place away from the regulating fan (404) of the upper layer, so as to achieve temperature stabilization of the placement area, and controlling the servo motor (408) to rotate a certain angle, and adjusting the angle of the fan (404) so ​​that its wind speed is less than the wind speed of the regulating fan of the upper layer adjacent to it; S5.4, the air volume of the fan (4) is gradually reduced layer by layer until the temperature of the lowest layer tends to be stable, and the fan motor (402) is controlled to stop outputting air. At this time, the gaps between the blades (404) of the adjustable fan (4) provided on each layer are set from large to low, and the low-temperature air at the top can descend layer by layer according to the gaps between the blades.

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