Automatic bolt tightening device

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic bolt tightening device which comprises an automatic tightener, a flange tool, a rotating mechanism, a lifting positioning mechanism, an unfolding mechanism and a gear tool. The rotating mechanism is rotationally arranged on the flange tool, and a first mounting channel is formed in the rotating mechanism. The lifting and positioning mechanism comprises a lifting and positioning mechanism body and a handle positioning pin, the lifting and positioning mechanism body is arranged in the first mounting channel and is elastically supported on the rotating mechanism, the handle positioning pin is used for being connected with a flange tool, and a second mounting channel is further formed in the lifting and positioning mechanism body. The unfolding mechanism comprises an unfolding mechanism body and a locking pin, the unfolding mechanism body is rotationally installed in the second installation channel, the upper end of the unfolding mechanism body is connected with the automatic tightening device, the lower end of the unfolding mechanism body is connected with the gear tool, and the locking pin is used for being connected with the lifting positioning mechanism. The tightening device is simple in structure, small in occupied space, easy and convenient to operate, high in working efficiency, large in rigidity and capable of well meeting the tightening requirement of a bolt in a narrow installation invisible blind cavity space.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of assembly, in particular to an automatic bolt tightening device. Background Art

[0002] In the manufacturing process of aircraft engines, the assembly process is an important component and core link, and plays a vital role in the stability of the whole machine. For the bolt connection of the inner cavity of the turboshaft aircraft engine rotor, the traditional bolt tightening method has many challenges, especially in the blind cavity environment. Due to the small space and limited vision, manual operation is not only inefficient, but also easily leads to uneven bolt tightening force, which in turn affects the overall performance and reliability of the combined structure.

[0003] At present, the existing automatic tightening devices are mainly concentrated in open bolt tightening. For flanges, cylinders and box covers with external nuts and no shielding, single or multiple tightening shafts are directly connected in parallel by mechanical structures to achieve single or multiple bolt tightening. There are also single tightening shafts connected in parallel with two rows of gear sets to achieve a single tightening shaft tightening two bolts at the same time, thus achieving multiple bolts in parallel tightening. However, open tightening is not suitable for the engine cavity where the nut is built in and the tightening space is small.

[0004] As for the positioning method, some tightening devices use the xyz rectangular coordinate system for positioning, which is suitable for parts with bolts randomly distributed in the same plane. The coordinate identification methods include positioning through screw and code disk, optical fiber sensor, and ultrasonic rangefinder. It is not suitable for blind cavity flanges, bolt distribution symmetrically along the central axis, and structures with relatively high stiffness requirements.

[0005] In the prior art, there is also a similar blind cavity tightening tooling, which is connected to the gear tooling through a tightening shaft, but the tooling connection structure is complex and the gear tooling is unfolded in a vertical folding manner. When the blind cavity space is relatively small, this tooling and this unfolding method are not suitable.

[0006] Thus, the existing tooling has the following defects:

[0007] 1. The traditional bolt tightening method is to tighten the bolts in the blind cavity manually using a special wrench. In the blind cavity environment, due to the small space and the inability to observe the position of the bolts inside the blind cavity and the alignment of the bolts and the wrench, manual operation is not only inefficient, but also easily leads to uneven bolt tightening force, thus affecting the overall performance and reliability of the combined structure.

[0008] 2. The existing automatic tightening tooling has indeed overcome the problems of low manual operation efficiency and uneven bolt tightening force, but there are still problems such as complex parts structure and the need for a large enough space for the deployment device. It is suitable for flanges, cylinder blocks and box covers with external nuts and no obstructions, and is also suitable for blind cavity tightening of large turbofan engines, etc., but it cannot solve the problem of deployment and bolt tightening in a small space. Summary of the invention

[0009] The present invention provides an automatic bolt tightening device to solve the technical problems of low efficiency of existing manual operation, uneven bolt tightening force, complex structure of the automatic tightening device, large space required for deployment, and unsuitability for bolt tightening needs in narrow and invisible blind cavity spaces.

[0010] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0011] A bolt automatic tightening device is used in a narrow blind cavity space where the operation is not visible, comprising: an automatic tightener, a flange tool, a rotating mechanism, a lifting and positioning mechanism, an unfolding mechanism and a gear tool; the flange tool is used to be connected to a structure outside the blind cavity space for installation and positioning, the rotating mechanism is rotatably mounted on the flange tool, and a vertical and penetrating first installation channel is provided in the rotating mechanism; the lifting and positioning mechanism comprises a lifting and positioning mechanism body and a handle positioning pin, the lifting and positioning mechanism body is installed in the first installation channel and elastically supported on the rotating mechanism outside the first installation channel to hover in the first installation channel The handle positioning pin is installed on the lifting and positioning mechanism body and is connected to the flange tooling to locate the circumferential position of the lifting and positioning mechanism. A second installation channel is also provided vertically and through the lifting and positioning mechanism body; the unfolding mechanism includes an unfolding mechanism body and a locking pin. The unfolding mechanism body is rotatably installed in the second installation channel, and the upper end of the unfolding mechanism body is extended out of the second installation channel and connected to the automatic tightener, and the lower end of the unfolding mechanism body is extended out of the second installation channel and connected to the gear tooling, and the locking pin is installed on the unfolding mechanism body and connected to the lifting and positioning mechanism to locate the circumferential position of the gear tooling.

[0012] Furthermore, the flange tooling includes a hollow circular cover-shaped connecting flange adapted to the mounting ring edge outside the blind cavity space, and a plurality of top screws arranged in sequence along the circular ring edge of the connecting flange; the connecting flange cover is arranged outside the mounting ring edge, and the plurality of top screws are pressed against the outer ring surface of the mounting ring edge along the radial inner end to position and fix the connecting flange; a mounting opening is also provided on the upper cover of the connecting flange, and a ball groove with an annular concave shape and an opening facing upward is provided on the wall surface of the mounting opening, and balls are arranged in the ball groove.

[0013] Furthermore, the upper cover of the connecting flange is provided with flange positioning holes which are spaced in sequence along the circumferential direction and are arranged through the upper cover so as to correspond one-to-one with the bolt holes in the blind cavity space where bolts need to be tightened; the flange tooling also includes a hollow annular flange protection ring, a first connecting bolt and a plurality of lifting rings; the flange protection ring is installed in the connecting flange and is fixed to the connecting flange by the first connecting bolt; the plurality of lifting rings are respectively detachably connected to the plurality of bolt positioning holes one by one.

[0014] Furthermore, the rotating mechanism includes a disc-shaped rotating support plate, a guide sleeve and a second connecting bolt; the outer peripheral surface of the rotating support plate is provided with an annular concave ball groove with an opening facing downward, the rotating support plate is located in the mounting opening of the connecting flange, and is rotatably supported on the connecting flange by the balls located between the upper and lower ball grooves; a first penetrating mounting hole is also provided on the rotating support plate, the guide sleeve is located in the first mounting hole and is fixed to the rotating support plate by the second connecting bolt, and the inner channel of the guide sleeve forms a first mounting channel.

[0015] Furthermore, the rotating mechanism also includes a baffle and a third connecting bolt; the baffle is fixed to the lower surface of the rotating support plate by the third connecting bolt, and the baffle also abuts against the lower surface of the upper cover of the connecting flange to limit the axial movement of the rotating support plate.

[0016] Furthermore, the lifting and positioning mechanism body includes a support limiter and an elastic support member for supplying elastic supporting force; the lower end of the support limiter is installed in the first installation channel, the elastic support member is vertically supported on the rotating mechanism and the top end supports and connects the support limiter to balance the force of the lifting and positioning mechanism and make the support limiter suspend in the first installation channel; the handle positioning pin is installed on the support limiter to be fixed with the flange tooling to determine the position of the tightened bolt.

[0017] Furthermore, the support limiting body includes a support plate, a sleeve, a fourth connecting bolt, a connecting plate, a fifth connecting bolt and a sixth connecting bolt, and the handle locating pin includes a handle and a locating pin; the support plate is supported outside the top end of the first mounting channel, and a second mounting hole is provided on the support plate, the sleeve is located in the second mounting hole, and is fixed to the support plate by the fourth connecting bolt, and the inner channel of the sleeve forms the second mounting channel; the connecting plate is connected to one side of the support plate by the fifth connecting bolt, the elastic support member is vertically supported on the rotating mechanism and the top end is connected to the connecting plate by the sixth connecting bolt; the handle is threadedly connected to the other side of the support plate relative to the elastic support member, and the locating pin is threadedly connected to the lower end of the handle.

[0018] Furthermore, the unfolding mechanism body includes a hollow rotating unfolding shaft which is connected at both ends, a tightening shaft flange adapter plate, a gear tooling flange adapter plate, a seventh connecting bolt and an eighth connecting bolt; the rotating unfolding shaft is limitedly installed in the second mounting channel by a flange arranged on its outer periphery abutting against the top surface of the second mounting channel, and the upper end of the rotating unfolding shaft extending out of the second mounting channel is disassembled and connected to the tightening shaft flange adapter plate by the seventh connecting bolt, and the lower end of the rotating unfolding shaft extending out of the second mounting channel is disassembled and connected to the gear tooling flange adapter plate by the eighth connecting bolt; the locking pin is penetrated through the flange of the rotating unfolding shaft.

[0019] Furthermore, the gear tooling includes a mounting shell, a main input gear assembly, multiple transmission gear groups and bolt connectors; the upper end of the mounting shell is detachably connected to the bottom end of the unfolding mechanism body, and a vertical mounting channel and a horizontal mounting channel that are vertically and horizontally intersecting and connected are provided in the mounting shell; the main input gear assembly is installed in the vertical mounting channel, and the bottom end of the automatic tightener is detachably connected to the top end of the unfolding mechanism body, and the driving shaft of the automatic tightener is connected to the top end of the torque input shaft of the main input gear assembly; the multiple transmission gear groups are arranged in sequence along the horizontal mounting channel and meshed for transmission, and the transmission gear group closest to the main input gear assembly is also meshed for transmission with the lower end of the main input gear assembly; the bolt connector is connected to the output end of one of the transmission gear groups.

[0020] Furthermore, the mounting shell includes a hollow tooling extension arm connected at both ends, a ninth connecting bolt, a tenth connecting bolt and a hollow shell, the upper end of the tooling extension arm is detachably connected to the bottom end of the unfolding mechanism body by a plurality of ninth connecting bolts, and the shell is perpendicular to the lower end of the tooling extension arm and is fixed to the tooling extension arm by the tenth connecting bolt; the main input gear assembly includes a torque input shaft, a main input bearing and a main input gear arranged in the tooling extension arm, the upper end of the torque input shaft is penetrated and connected to the main input bearing, and the main input gear is fixedly mounted on the outer circle of the lower end of the torque input shaft; a plurality of transmission gear groups are sequentially arranged in the cavity of the shell, and each transmission gear group includes a transmission gear shaft vertically and rotatably supported on the shell, a transmission support bearing installed on the shell and penetrated and connected to the upper end of the transmission gear shaft, and a transmission gear fixed on the outer circle of the lower end of the transmission gear shaft; the bolt connector includes an outer sleeve connected to the shell, and a sleeve bolt arranged in the outer sleeve and connected to the output end of the transmission gear shaft.

[0021] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] The present invention is aimed at the bolt connection of the inner cavity of the rotor of a turboshaft aircraft engine, and the situation where the internal bolts need to be tightened when the inner cavity cannot be observed, and it is extremely difficult to use the traditional bolt tightening method, so the automatic tightening device of the present invention is designed. In the automatic tightening device of the present invention, the unfolding mechanism is located between the lower part of the automatic tightener and the lifting and positioning mechanism, and the position is prominent. The folding and unfolding of the gear tooling can be completed by rotating the unfolding mechanism, and the position of the gear tooling can be fixed by the locking pin. Compared with other gear unfolding mechanisms, the mechanism of the present invention has a simple structure, occupies less space, is easy to operate, has high working efficiency, and has high rigidity. It can well adapt to the tightening requirements of bolts in narrow and invisible blind cavity spaces. On the other hand, through the setting of the automatic tightener, the tightening torque of the bolts can be accurately controlled within a limited space to ensure that each bolt can reach the tightening force required by the design, so that the tightening force of each bolt is more uniform and consistent, meeting the requirements of high precision and high reliability in aircraft engines, thereby improving the overall quality and reliability of aircraft engine assembly.

[0023] In addition to the above-described objects, features and advantages, the present invention has other objects, features and advantages. The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The drawings constituting a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the spatial structure of an automatic bolt tightening device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a sectional front view structure;

[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the spatial structure of the middle flange tooling;

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional front view of the center flange tooling;

[0029] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the spatial structure of the rotating mechanism;

[0030] Figure 6 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional front view of the structure after the middle rotating mechanism and the flange tooling are assembled;

[0031] Figure 7 for Figure 1A schematic diagram of the spatial structure of the lifting positioning mechanism 4;

[0032] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional front view of the positioning mechanism 4 when it is lifted;

[0033] Fig. 9 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the spatial structure of the unfolding mechanism;

[0034] Fig.10 for Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional front view structure of the unfolding mechanism;

[0035] Fig.11 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the spatial structure of the middle gear tooling;

[0036] Fig.12 for Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional front view of the middle gear tooling.

[0037] Legend:

[0038] 1. Automatic tightener; 2. Flange tooling; 21. Connecting flange; 22. Flange protection ring; 23. First connecting bolt; 24. Lifting ring; 25. Top screw; 26. Ball; 3. Rotating mechanism; 31. Rotating support plate; 32. Baffle; 33. Third connecting bolt; 34. Guide sleeve; 35. Second connecting bolt; 4. Lifting and positioning mechanism; 41. Elastic support member; 42. Support plate; 43. Sleeve; 44. Fourth connecting bolt; 45. Connecting plate; 46. Fifth connecting bolt; 47. Sixth connecting bolt; 48. Handle; 49. Fixing Position pin; 5. unfolding mechanism; 51. locking pin; 52. tightening shaft flange adapter plate; 53. seventh connecting bolt; 54. rotating unfolding shaft; 55. gear tooling flange adapter plate; 56. eighth connecting bolt; 6. gear tooling; 61. tooling extension arm; 62. ninth connecting bolt; 63. tenth connecting bolt; 64. housing; 65. eleventh connecting bolt; 66. torque input shaft; 67. main input bearing; 68. transmission gear; 69. transmission support bearing; 610. transmission gear shaft; 611. outer sleeve; 612. sleeve bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered below.

[0040] Reference Figure 1-2The preferred embodiment of the present invention provides an automatic bolt tightening device, which is applied to a narrow blind cavity space where the operation is not visible, and includes: an automatic tightener 1, a flange tool 2, a rotating mechanism 3, a lifting and positioning mechanism 4, an unfolding mechanism 5 and a gear tool 6. The flange tool 2 is used to connect with the structure outside the blind cavity space for installation and positioning. The rotating mechanism 3 is rotatably mounted on the flange tool 2, and a first installation channel that is vertically and penetrates is provided in the rotating mechanism 3. The lifting and positioning mechanism 4 includes a lifting and positioning mechanism body and a handle positioning pin. The lifting and positioning mechanism body is installed in the first installation channel and elastically supported on the rotating mechanism 3 outside the first installation channel to hover in the first installation channel. The handle positioning pin is installed on the lifting and positioning mechanism body and is connected to the flange tool 2 to locate the circumferential position of the lifting and positioning mechanism 4. A second installation channel that is vertically and penetrates is also provided in the lifting and positioning mechanism body. The unfolding mechanism 5 includes an unfolding mechanism body and a locking pin 51. The unfolding mechanism body is rotatably installed in the second installation channel, and the upper end of the unfolding mechanism body extends out of the second installation channel and is connected to the automatic tightener 1. The lower end of the unfolding mechanism body extends out of the second installation channel and is connected to the gear tooling 6. The locking pin 51 is installed on the unfolding mechanism body and is connected to the lifting positioning mechanism 4 to locate the circumferential position of the gear tooling 6.

[0041] When using the automatic bolt tightening device of the present invention to tighten bolts in a narrow blind cavity space where the operation is not visible, first confirm that the gear tooling 6 is in a retracted state (that is, the gear tooling 6 is located under the flange tooling 2 and is completely covered by the flange tooling 2), and confirm that the locking pin 51 of the unfolding mechanism 5 is inserted into the lifting positioning mechanism 4; then, the automatic tightening device of the present invention is hoisted to the blind cavity space (the next-level mounting edge of the aircraft engine rotor in the present invention) by a hoisting device, and after aligning the positioning hole on the flange tooling 2 with the hole on the next-level mounting edge of the aircraft engine rotor, the position of the flange tooling 2 on the aircraft engine is fixed; grasp the handle positioning pin of the lifting positioning mechanism 4, lift the lifting positioning mechanism 4, the unfolding mechanism 5, the automatic tightener 1 and the gear tooling 6, and pull out the locking pin 51 of the unfolding mechanism 5, and rotate the unfolding mechanism 5 to a certain angle to unfold the gear tooling 6 (that is, the gear tooling 6 is extended from the outer side of the flange tooling 2). The cam 51 is then pulled out of the engagement with the flange 2 and the cam 52 is retracted to the engagement with the flange 2. The cam 51 is then pulled out of the engagement with the flange 2 and the cam 52 is retracted to the engagement with the flange 2. The cam 51 is then pulled out of the engagement with the flange 2 and the cam 52 is retracted to the engagement with the flange 2.

[0042] The present invention is aimed at the bolt connection of the inner cavity of the rotor of a turboshaft aircraft engine, and the situation that the internal bolts need to be tightened when the inner cavity cannot be observed, and it is extremely difficult to use the traditional bolt tightening method, so the automatic tightening device of the present invention is designed. In the automatic tightening device of the present invention, the unfolding mechanism 5 is located between the lower part of the automatic tightener 1 and the lifting and positioning mechanism 4, and the position is prominent. The folding and unfolding of the gear tooling 6 can be completed by rotating the unfolding mechanism 5, and the position of the gear tooling 6 can be fixed by the locking pin 51. Compared with other gear unfolding mechanisms, the mechanism of the present invention has a simple structure, occupies less space, is easy to operate, has high working efficiency, and has high rigidity. It can well adapt to the tightening requirements of bolts in narrow installation invisible blind cavity spaces; on the other hand, through the setting of the automatic tightener 1, the tightening torque of the bolts can be accurately controlled in a limited space to ensure that each bolt can reach the tightening force required by the design, so that the tightening force of each bolt is more uniform and consistent, meeting the requirements of high precision and high reliability in aircraft engines, thereby improving the overall quality and reliability of aircraft engine assembly.

[0043] Alternatively, if Figure 1 As shown, the automatic tightener 1 is used to provide torque and angle output for bolt tightening, with a torque output accuracy of ±5% and an angle accuracy of ±0.1°, providing more precise process control for bolt tightening, which is beneficial to the control accuracy of the final tightening force, can improve the fit of adjacent flange edge mating surfaces, and enhance the assembly stability of the turboshaft aircraft engine compressor. In other embodiments, the automatic tightener 1 can be replaced with other tools that can tighten bolts, such as a servo motor and a torque wrench.

[0044] Alternatively, if Figure 3-4 As shown, the flange tooling 2 includes a hollow circular cover-shaped connecting flange 21 adapted to the outer mounting ring edge of the blind cavity space, and a plurality of top screws 25 arranged in sequence along the circular ring edge of the connecting flange 21. The connecting flange 21 is covered outside the mounting ring edge, and the inner ends of the plurality of top screws 25 are pressed against the outer ring surface of the mounting ring edge along the radial direction to position and fix the connecting flange 21; in actual design, the plurality of top screws 25 are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction, and each top screw 25 is threadedly connected with the circular ring edge of the connecting flange 21. When the top screw 25 is tightened, the inner end of the top screw 25 can be pressed against the mounting ring edge to position and fix the connecting flange 21; in this example, the top screw 25 is made of polyurethane material to protect the mounting edge of the aircraft engine, and 6 top screws 25 are evenly distributed on the side of the connecting flange 21. A through-set mounting port is also provided on the upper cover of the connecting flange 21, and a ball groove with an annular concave setting and an opening facing upward is provided on the wall surface of the mounting port, and balls 26 are arranged in the ball groove.

[0045] In this option, if Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the upper cover of the connecting flange 21 is also provided with flange positioning holes that are sequentially spaced and arranged in the circumferential direction, so as to correspond one by one with the bolt holes that need to tighten the bolts in the blind cavity space, so that when the positioning pin 49 is inserted into the flange positioning hole and fixed to the connecting flange 21, the gear tooling 6 just corresponds to the tightened bolt, thereby also realizing the positioning of the gear tooling 6 relative to the tightened bolt; in this optional scheme, the flange positioning hole and the bolt positioning hole are a circle of holes. This is because the number and phase of the next-level flange and the assembly-level flange of the aircraft engine are equal, so the flange positioning hole and the bolt positioning hole are designed to be the same circle to save space. The flange tooling 2 also includes a hollow annular flange protection ring 22, a first connecting bolt 23 and a plurality of lifting rings 24. The flange protection ring 22 is installed in the connecting flange 21 and fixed to the connecting flange 21 by the first connecting bolt 23; in this optional scheme, the flange protection ring 22 is made of polyurethane material or other non-metallic soft material, installed between the connecting flange 21 and the mounting edge of the aircraft engine, and used to protect the mounting edge of the aircraft engine. Multiple lifting rings 24 are detachably connected to multiple bolt positioning holes one by one; in this example, three lifting rings 24 are used so that the automatic tightening device can be stably lifted to the mounting side of the aircraft engine. The threaded connection between the lifting ring 24 and the connecting flange 21 makes it easy to disassemble the lifting ring 24 so as not to hinder the positioning of the tightened bolts by the lifting positioning mechanism 4.

[0046] Alternatively, if Figure 5-6 As shown, the rotating mechanism 3 includes a disc-shaped rotating support plate 31, a guide sleeve 34 and a second connecting bolt 35. The outer peripheral surface of the rotating support plate 31 is provided with a circular concave ball groove with an opening facing downward. The rotating support plate 31 is located in the installation opening of the connecting flange 21, and is rotatably supported on the connecting flange 21 by the balls 26 located between the upper and lower ball grooves; in this optional scheme, the inner ring of the flange fixture 2 is designed with a raceway, and the flange fixture 2 is connected with the rotating mechanism 3 by the balls 26 to form a thrust rolling bearing, which supports the weight of the rotating mechanism 3, the unfolding mechanism 5, the automatic tightener 1 and the gear fixture 6, ensures the free rotation of the rotating support plate 31 relative to the flange fixture 2, changes the position of the gear fixture 6, and switches the position of tightening the bolts. In other embodiments, in addition to using the balls 26, other parts that can support rotation, such as standard bearings and sliding bearings, can be replaced. A first mounting hole is also provided on the rotating support plate 31. The guide sleeve 34 is located in the first mounting hole and is fixed to the rotating support plate 31 by a second connecting bolt 35. The inner channel of the guide sleeve 34 forms a first mounting channel. The guide sleeve 34 fits with the sleeve 43 of the lifting and positioning mechanism 4 and moves linearly with the lifting and positioning mechanism 4, thereby being responsible for the guiding function.

[0047] Furthermore, if Figure 6As shown, the rotating mechanism 3 further includes a baffle 32 and a third connecting bolt 33. The baffle 32 is fixed to the lower surface of the rotating support plate 31 by the third connecting bolt 33, and the baffle 32 also abuts against the lower surface of the upper cover of the connecting flange 21 to limit the axial movement of the rotating support plate 31 and prevent the rotating support plate 31 and the ball 26 from being separated from the ball channel of the connecting flange 21.

[0048] Alternatively, if Figure 7-8 As shown, the lifting and positioning mechanism body includes a support limiter and an elastic support member 41 for supplying elastic support force. The lower end of the support limiter is installed in the first installation channel, and the elastic support member 41 is vertically supported on the rotating mechanism 3 and the top end supports and connects the support limiter, so as to balance the force of the lifting and positioning mechanism 4 and make the support limiter suspend in the first installation channel. The handle positioning pin is installed on the support limiter to be fixed with the flange tooling 2 and used to determine the position of the tightened bolt. In this example, the elastic support member 41 is a nitrogen spring, and the thrust of the nitrogen spring is adjusted until the thrust is equal to the sum of the weight of the automatic tightener 1 and other devices. The role of the nitrogen spring is to balance the gravity, so that the lifting and positioning mechanism 4 can be suspended at any vertical position in the first installation channel, so that when the bolts are tightened later, the gear tooling 6 can drop as the bolts are tightened deeply; in other embodiments, the nitrogen spring can be replaced by a common spring, a balancer, a cylinder, etc. that can balance the gravity of the mechanism.

[0049] In this option, if Figure 7-8As shown, the support and limiting body includes a support plate 42, a sleeve 43, a fourth connecting bolt 44, a connecting plate 45, a fifth connecting bolt 46 and a sixth connecting bolt 47, and the handle positioning pin includes a handle 48 and a positioning pin 49. The support plate 42 is supported outside the top end of the first installation channel, and a second installation hole is provided on the support plate 42. The sleeve 43 is located in the second installation hole and is fixed to the support plate 42 by the fourth connecting bolt 44, and the inner channel of the sleeve 43 forms a second installation channel; in this example, the sleeve 43 is made of self-lubricating material, so that the structure fitted therewith is easier to move relative to it, the sleeve 43 and the guide sleeve 34 of the rotating mechanism 3 are fitted together to realize the vertical movement of the lifting positioning mechanism 4, and at the same time, the sleeve 43 and the rotating and unfolding shaft 54 ​​of the unfolding mechanism 5 are fitted together to realize the relative rotation movement of the unfolding mechanism 5, so that the gear tooling 6 can be unfolded. The connecting plate 45 is connected to one side of the supporting plate 42 through the fifth connecting bolt 46, and the elastic supporting member 41 is vertically supported on the rotating mechanism 3 and the top end is connected to the connecting plate 45 through the sixth connecting bolt 47. The handle 48 is threadedly connected to the other side of the supporting plate 42 relative to the elastic supporting member 41, and the positioning pin 49 is threadedly connected to the lower end of the handle 48; in this example, the handle 48 is threaded and threadedly connected to the supporting plate 42 through the screw hole on the supporting plate 42. The function of the handle 48 is to provide a grip when the lifting and positioning mechanism 4 is lifted and lowered, or when the station device of the conversion bolt is rotated. The positioning pin 49 is provided with a threaded hole, which cooperates with the thread of the handle 48. The positioning pin 49 also cooperates with the bolt positioning hole on the connecting flange to determine the position of the bolt being tightened and provide positioning when the bolt is tightened.

[0050] During operation, the lifting and positioning mechanism 4 is fitted with the unfolding mechanism 5, and at the same time, is fitted with the rotating mechanism 3, so that the lifting and positioning mechanism 4 and the rotating mechanism 3 can be linearly displaced up and down. One side of the lifting and positioning mechanism 4 is connected to a nitrogen spring, which is used to balance the gravity of the automatic tightener 1 and the tooling, so that the lifting and positioning mechanism 4 can hover in a vertical position. When the lifting and positioning mechanism 4 is lifted, the position of the unfolding mechanism 5 is raised at the same time, thereby driving the gear tooling 6 to be lifted, so that the gear tooling 6 is disengaged from the nut, and the work position can be switched. The lifting and positioning mechanism 4 falls down, and the positioning pin 49 is inserted into the bolt positioning hole on the flange tooling 2. The gear tooling 6 falls and fits with the corresponding nut, and the electric tightening shaft can be started for tightening.

[0051] Alternatively, if Figure 9-10As shown, the unfolding mechanism body includes a hollow rotating unfolding shaft 54 ​​with connected upper and lower ends, a tightening shaft flange adapter plate 52, a gear tooling flange adapter plate 55, a seventh connecting bolt 53 and an eighth connecting bolt 56. The rotating unfolding shaft 54 ​​is limitedly installed in the second installation channel by the flange arranged on its periphery abutting against the top surface of the second installation channel, and the upper end of the rotating unfolding shaft 54 ​​extending out of the second installation channel is disassembled and connected to the tightening shaft flange adapter plate 52 through the seventh connecting bolt 53, and the lower end of the rotating unfolding shaft 54 ​​extending out of the second installation channel is disassembled and connected to the gear tooling flange adapter plate 55 through the eighth connecting bolt 56. The locking pin 51 is penetrated on the flange of the rotating unfolding shaft 54.

[0052] In this option, if Figure 9-10 As shown, the tightening shaft flange adapter plate 52 is designed to adapt to different types of automatic tighteners 1. It is first connected to the automatic tightener 1 by bolts, and then connected to the rotating expansion shaft 54 ​​through the seventh connecting bolt 53. There is a pin hole on the rotating expansion shaft 54, which is fixed together with the lifting and positioning mechanism 4 through the locking pin 51, which serves as the function of the gear tooling 6 to be deployed and retracted. The rotating expansion shaft 54 ​​is also fitted with the sleeve 43 of the lifting and positioning mechanism 4, and rotates freely in the sleeve 43 to realize the deployment and retraction of the gear of the deployment mechanism 5. The gear tooling flange adapter plate 55 is connected to the rotating expansion shaft 54 ​​through the eighth connecting bolt 56, and is designed to adapt to different types of gear tools 6.

[0053] During operation, the upper end of the unfolding mechanism 5 is connected to the flange of the automatic tightener 1 by bolts, and the lower end of the unfolding mechanism 5 is connected to the gear fixture 6 by bolts. The unfolding mechanism 5 and the lifting and positioning mechanism 4 are fitted together, so that the unfolding mechanism 5 can rotate freely in the lifting and positioning mechanism 4. When rotating the unfolding mechanism 5, the locking pin 51 is first pulled out, and the gear fixture 6 unfolds with the rotation of the unfolding mechanism 5, so that the gear fixture 6 reaches the tightening position, and then the locking pin 51 is inserted to complete the unfolding and positioning of the gear fixture 6.

[0054] Alternatively, if Figure 11-12 As shown, the gear tooling 6 includes a mounting housing, a main input gear assembly, multiple transmission gear sets and bolt connectors. The upper end of the mounting housing is detachably connected to the bottom end of the unfolding mechanism body, and a vertical mounting channel and a horizontal mounting channel that are vertically and horizontally intersecting and connected are provided in the mounting housing. The main input gear assembly is installed in the vertical mounting channel, and the bottom end of the automatic tightener 1 is detachably connected to the top end of the unfolding mechanism body, and the drive shaft of the automatic tightener 1 is connected to the top end of the torque input shaft of the main input gear assembly. Multiple transmission gear sets are arranged in sequence along the horizontal mounting channel and meshed for transmission, and the transmission gear set closest to the main input gear assembly is also meshed for transmission with the lower end of the main input gear assembly. The bolt connector is connected to the output end of one of the transmission gear sets.

[0055] In this option, if Figure 11-12 As shown, the installation shell includes a tool extension arm 61 which is hollow and connected at both ends, a ninth connecting bolt 62 and a tenth connecting bolt 63, and a hollow shell 64. The upper end of the tool extension arm 61 is detachably connected to the bottom end of the deployment mechanism body by multiple ninth connecting bolts 62, and the shell 64 is perpendicular to the lower end of the tool extension arm 61 and is fixed to the tool extension arm 61 by the tenth connecting bolt 63; in this example, the length of the tool extension arm 61 is determined by the height position of the tightened bolt in the aircraft engine rotor, and tool extension arms 61 of different sizes correspond to bolts in different positions; due to size limitations, the gear tool 6 has a shell 64 of a two-half split design, and the two halves of the shell are connected by an eleventh connecting bolt 65 to form the main body of the gear tool. In order to save space, the gear tool 6 has a shell 64 of a double-half connection configuration, which meets the requirements of gear layout and convenient installation.

[0056] The main input gear assembly includes a torque input shaft 66, a main input bearing 67 and a main input gear arranged in the tooling extension arm 61. The upper end of the torque input shaft 66 is connected to the main input bearing 67, and the main input gear is fixedly mounted on the outer circle of the lower end of the torque input shaft 66. In this example, the torque input shaft 66 and the tooling extension arm 61 can rotate relative to each other, and the length of the torque input shaft 66 matches the tooling extension arm 61, which is used to transmit torque and extend the depth of torque transmission. Multiple transmission gear groups are sequentially arranged in the cavity of the housing 64, and each transmission gear group includes a transmission gear shaft 610 vertically and rotatably supported on the housing 64, a transmission support bearing 69 installed on the housing 64 and connected to the upper end of the transmission gear shaft 610, and a transmission gear 68 fixed on the outer circle of the lower end of the transmission gear shaft 610. In this example, the gear tooling 6 adopts a linear arrangement of pinions, which can ensure that the transmission ratio is close to 1:1 and save a lot of space. The bolt connector includes an outer sleeve 611 connected to the outer shell 64, and a sleeve bolt 612 disposed in the outer sleeve 611 and connected to the output end of the transmission gear shaft 610. The bolt connector is used to transmit the rotation angle and torque.

[0057] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic bolt tightening device, characterized in that: Applicable to narrow blind cavity spaces where operation is not visible, including: Automatic tightener (1), flange tool (2), rotating mechanism (3), lifting and positioning mechanism (4), unfolding mechanism (5) and gear tool (6); The flange fixture (2) is used to be connected to a structure outside the blind cavity space for installation and positioning; the rotating mechanism (3) is rotatably mounted on the flange fixture (2); and a first installation channel is vertically and penetratingly arranged in the rotating mechanism (3); The lifting and positioning mechanism (4) comprises a lifting and positioning mechanism body and a handle positioning pin. The lifting and positioning mechanism body is installed in the first installation channel and elastically supported on the rotating mechanism (3) outside the first installation channel so as to be suspended in the first installation channel. The handle positioning pin is installed on the lifting and positioning mechanism body and connected to the flange tooling (2) to locate the circumferential position of the lifting and positioning mechanism (4). A second installation channel is also vertically and penetrated in the lifting and positioning mechanism body. The unfolding mechanism (5) comprises an unfolding mechanism body and a locking pin (51); the unfolding mechanism body is rotatably mounted in the second mounting channel, and the upper end of the unfolding mechanism body extends out of the second mounting channel and is connected to the automatic tightener (1); the lower end of the unfolding mechanism body extends out of the second mounting channel and is connected to the gear tooling (6); the locking pin (51) is mounted on the unfolding mechanism body and is connected to the lifting positioning mechanism (4) to position the circumferential position of the gear tooling (6).

2. The automatic bolt tightening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flange tooling (2) comprises a hollow circular cover-shaped connecting flange (21) adapted to the outer mounting ring edge of the blind cavity space, and a plurality of top screws (25) sequentially arranged at intervals along the ring edge of the connecting flange (21); The connecting flange (21) is covered outside the mounting ring edge, and a plurality of top screws (25) are pressed against the outer ring surface of the mounting ring edge along the radial inner end to position and fix the connecting flange (21); The upper cover of the connecting flange (21) is also provided with a through-mounted installation opening, and a ring-shaped concave ball groove with an upward opening is provided on the wall surface of the installation opening, and balls (26) are arranged in the ball groove.

3. The automatic bolt tightening device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper cover of the connecting flange (21) is also provided with flange positioning holes which are arranged in sequence and spaced apart in the circumferential direction and penetrate through the flange so as to correspond one by one with the bolt holes in the blind cavity space where bolts need to be tightened; The flange tooling (2) also includes a hollow annular flange protection ring (22), a first connecting bolt (23) and a plurality of lifting rings (24); The flange protection ring (22) is installed in the connecting flange (21) and is fixed to the connecting flange (21) by means of a first connecting bolt (23); The plurality of lifting rings (24) are respectively detachably connected to the plurality of bolt positioning holes one by one.

4. The automatic bolt tightening device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotating mechanism (3) comprises a disc-shaped rotating support disc (31), a guide sleeve (34) and a second connecting bolt (35); The outer peripheral surface of the rotary support plate (31) is provided with an annular concave ball groove with an opening facing downwards. The rotary support plate (31) is located in the mounting opening of the connecting flange (21) and is rotatably supported on the connecting flange (21) by balls (26) located between the upper and lower ball grooves. A first mounting hole is also provided on the rotating support plate (31), the guide sleeve (34) is located in the first mounting hole and is fixed to the rotating support plate (31) via a second connecting bolt (35), and the inner channel of the guide sleeve (34) forms a first mounting channel.

5. The automatic bolt tightening device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rotating mechanism (3) further comprises a baffle (32) and a third connecting bolt (33); The baffle plate (32) is fixed to the lower surface of the rotating support plate (31) by means of a third connecting bolt (33), and the baffle plate (32) also abuts against the lower surface of the upper cover of the connecting flange (21) to limit the axial movement of the rotating support plate (31).

6. The automatic bolt tightening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting and positioning mechanism body comprises a support limiter and an elastic support member (41) for supplying an elastic supporting force; The lower end of the support and limiter is installed in the first installation channel, and the elastic support member (41) is vertically supported on the rotating mechanism (3) and the top end supports and connects the support and limiter, so as to balance the force of lifting the positioning mechanism (4) and make the support and limiter suspend in the first installation channel; The handle positioning pin is installed on the support limiting body to be fixed with the flange tooling (2) and to determine the position of the bolt to be tightened.

7. The automatic bolt tightening device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The support and limiting body comprises a support plate (42), a sleeve (43), a fourth connecting bolt (44), a connecting plate (45), a fifth connecting bolt (46) and a sixth connecting bolt (47); and the handle positioning pin comprises a handle (48) and a positioning pin (49); The support plate (42) is supported outside the top end of the first installation channel, and a second installation hole is provided on the support plate (42) and is penetrated therethrough. The sleeve (43) is located in the second installation hole and is fixed to the support plate (42) by a fourth connecting bolt (44), and the inner channel of the sleeve (43) forms a second installation channel; The connecting plate (45) is connected to one side of the supporting plate (42) via a fifth connecting bolt (46); the elastic supporting member (41) is vertically supported on the rotating mechanism (3) and the top end is connected to the connecting plate (45) via a sixth connecting bolt (47); The handle (48) is threadedly connected to the other side of the support plate (42) relative to the elastic support member (41), and the positioning pin (49) is threadedly connected to the lower end of the handle (48).

8. The automatic bolt tightening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The unfolding mechanism body comprises a hollow rotating unfolding shaft (54) with upper and lower ends connected, a tightening shaft flange adapter plate (52), a gear tooling flange adapter plate (55), a seventh connecting bolt (53) and an eighth connecting bolt (56); The rotating expansion shaft (54) is limitedly installed in the second installation channel by abutting the flange arranged on its outer periphery against the top surface of the second installation channel, and the upper end of the rotating expansion shaft (54) extending out of the second installation channel is disassembled and connected to the tightening shaft flange adapter plate (52) through the seventh connecting bolt (53), and the lower end of the rotating expansion shaft (54) extending out of the second installation channel is disassembled and connected to the gear tooling flange adapter plate (55) through the eighth connecting bolt (56); The locking pin (51) is passed through the flange of the rotating expansion shaft (54).

9. The automatic bolt tightening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear tooling (6) comprises a mounting housing, a main input gear assembly, a plurality of transmission gear sets and bolt connectors; The upper end of the installation shell is detachably connected to the bottom end of the unfolding mechanism body, and a vertical installation channel and a horizontal installation channel that are vertically and horizontally intersecting and communicating are provided in the installation shell; The main input gear assembly is installed in the vertical installation channel, and the bottom end of the automatic tightener (1) is detachably connected to the top end of the unfolding mechanism body, and the driving shaft of the automatic tightener (1) is connected to the top end of the torque input shaft of the main input gear assembly; A plurality of transmission gear sets are sequentially arranged along the transverse installation channel and mesh with each other for transmission, and the transmission gear set closest to the main input gear assembly is also meshed with the lower end of the main input gear assembly for transmission; The bolt connection is connected to the output end of one of the transmission gear sets.

10. The automatic bolt tightening device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The installation shell comprises a hollow tooling extension arm (61) with two ends connected, a ninth connecting bolt (62) and a tenth connecting bolt (63), and a hollow shell (64); the upper end of the tooling extension arm (61) is detachably connected to the bottom end of the unfolding mechanism body through a plurality of ninth connecting bolts (62); the shell (64) is perpendicular to the lower end of the tooling extension arm (61) and is fixed to the tooling extension arm (61) through the tenth connecting bolt (63); The main input gear assembly comprises a torque input shaft (66) arranged in the tooling extension arm (61), a main input bearing (67) and a main input gear, the upper end of the torque input shaft (66) is penetrated and connected to the main input bearing (67), and the main input gear is fixedly mounted on the outer circle of the lower end of the torque input shaft (66); A plurality of transmission gear sets are sequentially arranged in the cavity of the housing (64), and each transmission gear set comprises a transmission gear shaft (610) vertically and rotatably supported on the housing (64), a transmission support bearing (69) installed on the housing (64) and through which the upper end of the transmission gear shaft (610) is passed and connected, and a transmission gear (68) fixed on the outer circle of the lower end of the transmission gear shaft (610); The bolt connection member comprises an outer sleeve (611) connected to the outer shell (64), and a sleeve bolt (612) disposed in the outer sleeve (611) and connected to the output end of the transmission gear shaft (610).

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