Roof truss pull rod structure of ice house and construction method

Abstract

The invention discloses a roof truss pull rod structure of an ice house and a construction method, belongs to the technical field of ice and snow building manufacturing, and aims to solve the problems that when an existing ice house building is constructed, due to the fact that a roof part lacks a reasonable composite stress structure, the use safety is poor, and when the roof part is constructed, a metal supporting plate needs to be used as a support; in order to solve the problems that in the prior art, the overall bending resistance of the ice roof is improved by adding organic glass ribs and a pull rod arch in an ice-made plate, the compression performance of the roof can be effectively improved through a roof pull rod arch structure formed by adding FRP pull rods according to the actual building requirement, and the overall attractiveness of an ice building is affected. The problem that an ice roof is cracked and fractured in the using process is avoided, meanwhile, the bending performance of the roof is further guaranteed through configuration of the organic glass ribs, and the application range and application scene of the ice building structure are expanded through comprehensive application of the glass ribs and the pull rod arches.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of ice and snow building manufacturing, and particularly relates to a roof truss tie rod structure of an ice house and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As a natural engineering material, ice has good bearing capacity and plasticity. Due to its transparent appearance and soft texture, it can be combined with colored lights and dyes to create crystal clear and dazzling colors. Ice and snow architectural structures have a long history and distinctive features. They are an important part of the modern ice and snow industry. However, as a building material, ice has the characteristics of low strength and brittle failure. Existing research has begun to use various materials such as sawdust and slag to strengthen ice structures.

[0003] The existing ice structure construction method usually consists of two parts: a casting mold and an inflatable membrane. During the production process, ice blocks are frozen in a unit mold of a rectangular box, and the casting molds are connected to form a mesh structure, which is laid on top of the inflatable membrane. The inflatable membrane is restarted by a ventilator to make it arched or sloped, and composite material blocks are filled in the gaps of the mesh structure, and composite material water is sprayed. After forming, the inside of the inflatable membrane is depressurized to separate the inflatable membrane from the arch or slope, and then the inside of the arch or slope is filled and polished;

[0004] In view of the needs of ice structure construction, in the process of ordinary ice masonry structure construction and application, the commonly used construction method is usually just a simple stacking of ice blocks. By increasing the thickness of the blocks, the overall performance of the constructed ice block building is guaranteed. The ice block structure built in this way is often relatively thick. During the construction process, a large amount of ice body preparation is required, and the requirements for the structure are high. During the use of the masonry ice structure, the force of the control node is simply borne by the ice blocks, so it cannot withstand large loads and it is difficult to realize the construction of free-form surface structures such as complex shells. At the same time, due to its relatively simple force-bearing structure, it is difficult to achieve the shaping of continuous external structures such as large spans and tall structures.

[0005] For larger igloo buildings, due to their large size, a block-based production mode is usually adopted. The igloo is decomposed into multiple different modules for preparation one by one, and finally the modules are assembled to form a complete igloo. In this process, if a frozen body made of stacked ice blocks or a prefabricated ice body made with composite materials as an adhesive is used directly as the roof structure of the igloo, the strength of the roof structure itself will be weak. During the later hoisting, the strong lifting force will directly destroy the main body of the roof structure and cause damage to the roof. In order to avoid this situation, the ice roof structure is usually built on a metal pallet, and the metal pallet and the ice roof are hoisted to other igloos together through a hoisting device during the later hoisting. The multi-module combination installation of the igloo structure is realized on the top of the structure. The metal pallet is used as the tensile structure in the lifting process to make up for the insufficient tensile resistance of the ice roof and ensure the integrity of the ice roof. However, the disadvantage of this operation is that the metal pallet will eventually become a part of the igloo building, which makes the igloo building visually unable to present the architectural state of a pure igloo, greatly affecting the aesthetics of the igloo building. Moreover, due to its weak strength, large span and lack of a reasonable composite force-bearing structure, this roof structure is very likely to cause collapse caused by accumulated creep in the weaker position of the structure during its service. Moreover, due to the strong brittleness of the ice structure, the damage of this structure is difficult to observe and the danger is still relatively large.

[0006] In summary, in order to improve the overall aesthetics of existing igloo buildings and the safety of igloo roofs, it is in line with practical needs to develop an igloo roof truss structure that can solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present invention aims to solve the problem that the existing igloo building has poor safety in use due to the lack of a reasonable composite force-bearing structure in the roof part during construction, and the problem that the roof part needs to be supported by a metal support plate during construction, which affects the overall aesthetics of the ice building; and further provides a roof truss rod structure and a construction method for an igloo;

[0008] A roof truss tie rod structure of an ice house, the roof truss tie rod structure comprising an ice roof and two ice walls, wherein the ice roof is a reinforced tie rod type roof;

[0009] The ice wall is made by stacking and freezing multiple ice masonry blocks;

[0010] The ice roof includes two ice panels and a tie rod assembly, which are arranged in the form of an isosceles triangle, each ice panel is provided with a roof glass reinforcement net, and the roof glass reinforcement nets in the two ice panels extend out of the top of the ice panels and are tied and fixed with the ridge reinforcement to form a ridge reinforcement structure, a frozen connection layer is provided on the outside of the ridge reinforcement structure, the tops of the two ice panels are fixedly connected by the frozen connection layer, the tie rod assembly is arranged at the bottom of the two ice panels, and the two ends of the tie rod assembly are respectively inserted into an adjacent ice panel, and the bottoms of the two ice panels are supported and fixed by the tie rod assembly;

[0011] Two ice walls are arranged parallel to each other below the ice roof, and the top of each ice wall is connected to the bottom of an ice board in the ice roof via a leveling layer;

[0012] Furthermore, the frozen connecting layer and the leveling layer are both made by freezing a mixture of crushed ice and water;

[0013] Further, the tie rod assembly includes a plurality of tie rod units, and the plurality of tie rod units are arranged in sequence and equidistantly along the extension direction of the depth of the roof truss, and each tie rod unit includes a horizontal tie rod and two end restraining nuts, and both ends of the horizontal tie rod are respectively processed with external threads, and the horizontal tie rod is arranged between the bottom ends of the two ice-making plates, and the two ends of the horizontal tie rod respectively pass through the corresponding ice-making plates and extend to the outside of the ice-making plates, and each end restraining nut is arranged on the outside of the ice-making plates, and each end restraining nut is correspondingly sleeved on the external thread at one end of the horizontal tie rod and is threadedly connected to the horizontal tie rod;

[0014] Furthermore, the horizontal tie rod and the end restraining nut are both made of FRP material;

[0015] Furthermore, the roof glass reinforcement net is composed of a group of organic glass reinforcements arranged in the transverse direction and a group of organic glass reinforcements arranged in the longitudinal direction, wherein the spacing between two adjacent organic glass reinforcements in the transverse direction is 100 mm to 250 mm, and the spacing between two adjacent organic glass reinforcements in the longitudinal direction is 100 mm to 250 mm;

[0016] Furthermore, the plexiglass reinforcement has a cross-sectional area of ​​20mm 2 ~150mm 2 Square or round plexiglass bars;

[0017] Furthermore, the thickness of the ice plate is 150 mm to 450 mm, and the length is 3000 mm to 5000 mm. The ice plate is formed by layered pouring. During the pouring process, the layered pouring is performed in a pouring method of 50 mm layer.

[0018] Further, the intersection angle between two ice panels in the ice roof is 60° to 150°;

[0019] Furthermore, the spacing between two adjacent tie rod units in the tie rod assembly is 1500mm to 3500mm, the length of the horizontal tie rod is 2500mm to 5000mm, the end diameter of the horizontal tie rod is 30mm to 120mm, and an FRP washer is provided between each end constraint nut and the corresponding ice plate, and the thickness of the FRP washer is 20mm;

[0020] A method for constructing an igloo roof truss tie rod structure:

[0021] Step 1: Cast the ice board. The ice board is formed by layered casting. During the casting process, the ice board is cast in layers with a layer of 50 mm. After the ice board is cast and trimmed in place, the ridge dividing line is located according to the designed size;

[0022] Step 2: Divide the ice board poured in step 1, cut the poured ice board at the ridge dividing line and pay attention to the position of the organic glass bar, reserve the organic glass bar of suitable length as the connection part for binding with the ridge bar, determine the position of the hanging bar after completing the cutting of the ice board, prepare the installation frame according to the roof slope and span, and prepare for hoisting;

[0023] Step 3: Take two ice panels cut in step 2 and hoist them to the location of the mounting frame, and take temporary fixing measures to prevent the ice panels from sliding against the mounting frame after placement, which would affect the final preparation accuracy of the ice roof;

[0024] Step 4: After the ice plate and the mounting frame in step 3 are positioned, determine the layout position of the ridge rib structure according to the structural design and tie and fix the plexiglass ribs and the ridge ribs reserved in step 2 with binding tape. After the ridge rib structure is fixed, locate the anchor surface of the tie rod and determine the anchor surface cutting line;

[0025] Step 5: According to the anchor surface cutting line determined in step 4, split the bearing anchor surface, determine the position of the anchor hole and drill the hole;

[0026] Step 6: After the anchor holes in step 5 are opened, the prepared multiple horizontal tie rods are inserted into a group of relatively arranged anchor holes one by one, and each inserted horizontal tie rod is fixed with a single-end anchor by giving an end constraint nut;

[0027] Step 7: After the multiple horizontal tie rods are fixed with single-end anchors in step 6, crushed ice or ice powder is filled layer by layer on the outside of the ridge rib structure, and water is injected to freeze to form a frozen connection layer. The freezing period is at least 24 hours, and the tops of the two ice panels in the ice roof are fixed through the frozen connection layer;

[0028] Step 8: After the top ends of the two ice panels in the ice roof are fixed by the frozen connection layer in step 7, the other end of each horizontal tie rod is fixed with an end anchor and the verticality of the horizontal tie rod is checked;

[0029] Step 9: After the verticality of all horizontal tie rods in step 8 reaches the inspection standard, the entire ice roof structure is hoisted to the top of the two pre-erected ice walls by four-point hoisting;

[0030] Step 10: Construct a leveling layer on the top pressure-bearing surface of each ice wall by mixing ice foam with water. After the ice roof suspended in step 9 is accurately placed on the leveling layer on the top of the two ice walls, the overall installation of the igloo roof structure is completed.

[0031] The beneficial effects of this application compared to the prior art are as follows:

[0032] 1. The present application provides a roof tie rod structure and construction method for an ice house. Based on the commonly used ice masonry building construction technology, it originally adopts a reinforced tie rod combination structure, and originally proposes a combination of reinforced tie rods and flat ice masonry walls. By proposing a construction technology for practical applications, it is designed for existing ice structure houses.

[0033] 2. The present application provides a roof truss tie rod structure and construction method for an ice house. In order to make full use of the material properties of ice and ensure the stability of ice buildings during normal use, the roof structure is constructed by casting ice panels on the basis of the traditional ice stacking structure, and anchoring tie rods are provided in the roof structure. After the roof structure is formed, it is assembled with the ice wall structure for use. In the process of casting the ice panels, a method of casting ice panels with glass bars is proposed. The glass bars are placed in the mold in advance and the ice panel part is cast. A dividing line is set and external glass bars are reserved. In the process of forming, the glass bars tied at the corners and the ice material filling at the nodes are used to ensure the overall performance of the ice roof.

[0034] 3. The present application provides a roof truss tie rod structure and construction method for an igloo. The addition of organic glass bars improves the overall strength and toughness of the ice board, making the igloo cover more stable when subjected to various external forces. As a high-strength material, it can effectively disperse and transfer the load on the igloo cover, making the force on the igloo cover more uniform. It reduces cracks and deformations in the igloo cover during the force-bearing process and improves its overall bearing capacity. By placing organic glass bars in the mold in advance and casting the ice board part, the construction process can be greatly simplified and construction efficiency can be improved. At the same time, this casting method also helps to reduce the amount of on-site work and reduce construction costs. The transparent characteristics of the glass bars make the igloo cover visually lighter and more transparent, which contrasts with the white color of the ice wall. At the same time, it can be combined with decorative materials such as light strips to form a unique aesthetic effect.

[0035] 4. The present application provides a roof truss tie rod structure and a construction method for an ice house. By improving the ice plate structure and optimizing the roof structure, the supporting strength and bending strength of the ice roof structure are greatly improved. The ice roof structure provided by the present application can be directly lifted by a sling, without the need for a metal support plate as a tension-bearing component. In this way, when the roof is combined with the ice wall, there is no need for a metal support plate. Instead, the roof is directly lifted to the top of the ice wall and leveled with a leveling layer composed of crushed ice and mixed water. The ice house building configured in this way has a pure ice structure in appearance, without obvious traces of splicing, thereby maximizing the integrity and aesthetics of the ice building. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the igloo roof truss tie rod structure described in this application;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the igloo roof truss tie rod structure described in this application;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection of the roof part of the igloo truss tie rod structure described in this application;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of a tie rod unit in the tie rod structure of the igloo roof truss described in the present application;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the roof structure and the ice wall structure in the igloo roof truss tie rod structure described in this application;

[0041] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of determining the ridge dividing line on the ice board when constructing the igloo roof truss tie rod structure described in this application;

[0042] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the state of the ice board after being divided when the igloo roof truss rod structure described in this application is constructed;

[0043] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the state of hoisting the ice board onto the mounting frame during the construction of the igloo roof truss tie rod structure described in the present application;

[0044] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the state in which the ridge ribs in two ice boards are tied together to form a ridge rib structure when the igloo truss tie rod structure described in this application is constructed;

[0045] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the state of determining the installation position of the horizontal tie rod when constructing the tie rod structure of the igloo roof truss described in this application;

[0046] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a single-end fixed horizontal tie rod when constructing the tie rod structure of the igloo roof truss described in this application;

[0047] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of pouring the frozen connection layer when constructing the igloo roof truss tie rod structure described in this application;

[0048] Fig.13 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of fixing both ends of the horizontal tie rod when constructing the tie rod structure of the igloo roof truss described in this application;

[0049] Fig.14 This is a schematic diagram of the state in which the roof structure is lifted off the mounting frame during the construction of the igloo roof truss tie rod structure described in the present application;

[0050] Fig.15 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of hoisting the roof structure onto the ice wall structure when constructing the igloo roof truss tie rod structure described in this application;

[0051] Fig.16 This is a schematic diagram of the state of the igloo roof truss tie rod structure when it is completed.

[0052] In the figure, 1 is an ice roof, 2 is a horizontal tie rod, 25 is an external thread, 3 is a roof glass reinforcement mesh, 31 is a ridge reinforcement structure, 4 is an ice wall, 5 is an end restraining nut, 6 is a ridge dividing line, 7 is a hanger position, 8 is a ridge reinforcement, 9 is a mounting frame, 10 is a binding belt, 11 is an anchor surface cutting line, 12 is an anchor hole, 13 is a frozen connection layer and 14 is a leveling layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] Specific implementation method 1: Combination Figures 1 to 5 This embodiment is described. In this embodiment, a roof truss rod structure of an ice house is provided. The roof truss rod structure includes an ice roof 1 and two ice walls 4, wherein the ice roof 1 is a reinforced rod-type roof;

[0054] The ice wall 4 is made by stacking and freezing a plurality of ice masonry bodies;

[0055] The ice roof 1 includes two ice panels and a tie rod assembly, which are arranged in an isosceles triangle shape, each ice panel is provided with a roof glass reinforcement net 3, and the roof glass reinforcement nets 3 in the two ice panels extend out of the top of the ice panels and are tied and fixed with the ridge ribs 8 to form a ridge rib structure 31, and a frozen connection layer 13 is provided on the outside of the ridge rib structure 31, and the tops of the two ice panels are fixedly connected by the frozen connection layer 13, and the tie rod assembly is arranged at the bottom of the two ice panels, and the two ends of the tie rod assembly are respectively inserted into an adjacent ice panel, and the bottoms of the two ice panels are supported and fixed by the tie rod assembly;

[0056] Two ice walls 4 are arranged parallel to each other below the ice roof 1 , and the top of each ice wall 4 is connected to the bottom of an ice board in the ice roof 1 via a leveling layer 14 .

[0057] The roof tie rod structure of an ice house provided in this embodiment adopts a customized design. Aiming at various load-bearing problems that may be faced during the construction and use of ice structures, a reinforced ice tie rod arch structure solution is proposed. The load-bearing capacity problem is solved by configuring reinforcement materials in the ice structure. During the construction process, the reliability and stability of the structure are guaranteed by a specific construction process for the structure. Compared with the traditional masonry ice building design, the bending strength of the ice board is improved by arranging reinforcement materials in the ice board in this embodiment. Considering the low strength of ice, the ultimate compressive strength is 1-2MPa, and the tensile strength is 0.1 -0.3MPa. For the development of large-span roof structures, traditional ice structures cannot achieve this. On the basis of improving the strength of ice panels, the overall bending performance of the roof structure is guaranteed, so that it will not have collapse problems caused by creep accumulation during service. After increasing the overall bending performance of the roof structure, it can be realized to develop into the field of large-span roof structures with ice as the material. At the same time, the roof structure does not need to be supported by a metal pallet during lifting. It can be directly assembled with the ice wall through a hoist, so that the assembled ice building appears to be made of pure ice visually, which guarantees the beauty of the ice building to the greatest extent.

[0058] Specific implementation method 2: Combination Figures 1 to 5 This embodiment is described. The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the frozen connection layer 13 and the leveling layer 14 are both made of a mixture of crushed ice and water. The other components and connection methods are the same as those of the first embodiment.

[0059] In this embodiment, crushed ice and mixed water are used as leveling components and connecting components to ensure the horizontal stability of the entire roof during the assembly process and improve the connection performance between the roof and the ice wall. The frozen connection layer 13 composed of crushed ice and mixed water can effectively repair the splicing gap when the two ice panels are connected, and the two ice panels can be connected more tightly by freezing, which reduces the splicing marks. The leveling layer 14 composed of crushed ice and mixed water can adjust the ratio of crushed ice and mixed water according to the actual situation on the top of the ice wall 4. It has low cost and relatively high flexibility. More importantly, the ice leveling layer can reduce the connection marks between the roof and the ice wall, and the beauty of the integrated ice building can be more prominent under the blessing of lighting and other environments.

[0060] Specific implementation method three: Combination Figures 1 to 5 This embodiment is described. The difference between this embodiment and the second embodiment is that the tie rod assembly includes a plurality of tie rod units, which are arranged equidistantly in sequence along the extension direction of the roof truss depth. Each tie rod unit includes a horizontal tie rod 2 and two end restraining nuts 5. Both ends of the horizontal tie rod 2 are respectively processed with external threads 25. The horizontal tie rod 2 is arranged between the bottom ends of the two ice-making plates, and the two ends of the horizontal tie rod 2 respectively pass through the corresponding ice-making plates and extend to the outside of the ice-making plates. Each end restraining nut 5 is arranged on the outside of an ice-making plate, and each end restraining nut 5 is correspondingly sleeved on the external thread 25 at one end of the horizontal tie rod 2 and is threadedly connected to the horizontal tie rod 2. Other components and connection methods are the same as those of the second embodiment.

[0061] Specific implementation method four: Combination Figures 1 to 5 This embodiment is described. The difference between this embodiment and the third embodiment is that the horizontal tie rod 2 and the end restraining nut 5 are both made of FRP material. The other components and connection methods are the same as those of the third embodiment.

[0062] In combination with the description of specific embodiments three and four, a horizontal tie rod 2 is arranged at the bottom of the two ice boards in the roof structure, which can well withstand the lateral pressure and other loads of the ice boards, and can ensure that the spacing between the bottom ends of the two ice boards can meet the design requirements. At the same time, the horizontal tie rod 2 also serves as the fulcrum of the entire roof structure, which is beneficial to improving the rigidity and strength of the roof structure, and can effectively improve the compressive performance of the roof, and avoid problems such as cracking and breakage faced by the ice roof during use. The horizontal tie rod 2 and the end constraint nut 5 are both made of a composite material composed of a resin matrix and a fiber reinforced material. This is to reduce the weight of the horizontal tie rod 2 and ensure that the horizontal tie rod 2 has a high supporting strength. Considering that the ice house building is mostly used in conjunction with lights during use, the use of FRP material as the main material of the horizontal tie rod 2 and the end constraint nut 5 can also improve the insulation of the tie rod assembly and improve the safety of the ice house building during use.

[0063] Specific implementation method five: Combination Figures 1 to 5 This embodiment is described. The difference between this embodiment and the fourth embodiment is that the roof glass rib net 3 is composed of a group of organic glass ribs arranged in the transverse direction and a group of organic glass ribs arranged in the longitudinal direction, wherein the spacing between two adjacent organic glass ribs in the transverse direction is 100 mm to 250 mm, and the spacing between two adjacent organic glass ribs in the longitudinal direction is 100 mm to 250 mm. Other components and connection methods are the same as those in the fourth embodiment.

[0064] Specific implementation method six: Combination Figures 1 to 5 This embodiment is described. The difference between this embodiment and the fifth embodiment is that the organic glass bar adopts a cross-sectional area of ​​20mm 2 ~150mm 2 The other components and connection methods are the same as those in the fifth embodiment.

[0065] In combination with the description of specific embodiments five to six, the transversely arranged plexiglass bars and the longitudinally arranged plexiglass bars are fixed by binding, and the selection of the arrangement spacing size and the selection of the cross-sectional area size of the plexiglass bars are determined based on the structural size of the ice board. The larger the size of the ice board, the larger the selected spacing size and the cross-sectional area size of the plexiglass bars, and the smaller the size of the ice board, the smaller the selected spacing size and the cross-sectional area size of the plexiglass bars.

[0066] Specific implementation method seven: Combination Figures 1 to 5 This embodiment is described. The difference between this embodiment and the sixth embodiment is that the thickness of the ice plate is 150 mm to 450 mm, the length is 3000 mm to 5000 mm, and the ice plate is formed by layered pouring. During the pouring process, the layered pouring is performed in a 50 mm layer. The other components and connection methods are the same as those of the seventh embodiment.

[0067] Specific implementation method eight: Combination Figures 1 to 5 This embodiment is described. The difference between this embodiment and the seventh embodiment is that the crossing angle between the two ice plates in the ice roof 1 is 60° to 150°. The other components and connection methods are the same as those of the eighth embodiment.

[0068] Combined with the description of specific embodiments seven to eight, compared with integral casting, freezing the ice-made board by pouring layer by layer can ensure the uniformity and permeability of the ice-made board after it is prepared. The disadvantage of integral casting is that large-scale longitudinal ice chips are easily generated during freezing, and impurities and gases in the water will fill into the ice body when ice chips are generated, causing turbid flocs to appear inside the ice, which seriously affects the permeability and aesthetics of the ice body. In addition, integral casting is not conducive to determining the layout position and layout accuracy of the roof glass reinforcement mesh 3, which is easy to affect the bending strength of the final reinforced ice-made board.

[0069] Specific implementation method nine: Combination Figures 1 to 5 This embodiment is described. The difference between this embodiment and the eighth embodiment is that the spacing between two adjacent tie rod units in the tie rod assembly is 1500mm to 3500mm, the length of the horizontal tie rod 2 is 2500mm to 5000mm, the end diameter of the horizontal tie rod 2 is 30mm to 120mm, and an FRP washer is provided between each end constraint nut 5 and the corresponding ice plate, and the thickness of the FRP washer is 20mm. Other components and connection methods are the same as those of the ninth embodiment.

[0070] In the present embodiment, the purpose of setting an FRP washer between each end restraint nut 5 and the corresponding ice plate is to prevent the end restraint nut 5 from causing damage to the surface of the ice plate when being screwed, and also to prevent the tightness of the end restraint nut 5 from being affected after defects appear on the surface of the ice plate, making it impossible to keep the horizontal pull rod 2 in a straight state, thereby reducing the stiffness and supporting strength of the horizontal pull rod 2.

[0071] Specific implementation method ten: Combination Figures 6 to 16 This embodiment describes a method for constructing an igloo roof truss tie rod structure. The specific steps of the construction method are as follows:

[0072] Step 1: Casting the ice board. The ice board is formed by layered casting. During the casting process, the ice board is cast in layers with a layer of 50 mm. After the ice board is cast and trimmed in place, the ridge dividing line 6 is located according to the design size;

[0073] Step 2: Divide the ice board poured in step 1, cut the poured ice board at the ridge dividing line 6 and pay attention to the position of the organic glass bar, reserve the organic glass bar of suitable length as the connection part for binding with the ridge bar 8, determine the position of the hanging bar 7 after completing the cutting of the ice board, prepare the installation frame 9 according to the roof slope and span, and prepare for lifting;

[0074] Step 3: Take two ice panels cut in step 2 and hoist them to the position of the mounting frame 9, and take temporary fixing measures to prevent the ice panels from sliding against the mounting frame 9 after being placed, thereby affecting the preparation accuracy of the final ice roof 1;

[0075] Step 4: After the ice plate and the mounting frame 9 in step 3 are positioned, the layout position of the ridge rib structure 31 is determined according to the structural design, and the organic glass ribs and the ridge ribs 8 reserved in step 2 are tied and fixed by the binding belt 10. After the ridge rib structure 31 is fixed, the anchor surface of the pull rod is positioned and the anchor surface cutting line 11 is determined;

[0076] Step 5: According to the anchor surface cutting line 11 determined in step 4, the support anchor surface is segmented, and the position of the anchor hole 12 is determined and opened;

[0077] Step 6: After the anchor holes 12 in step 5 are opened, the prepared multiple horizontal tie rods 2 are inserted into a group of relatively arranged anchor holes 12 one by one, and each inserted horizontal tie rod 2 is fixed with a single-end anchor by giving an end restraining nut 5;

[0078] Step 7: After the multiple horizontal tie rods 2 are fixed with single-end anchors in step 6, the outer side of the ridge rib structure 31 is filled with crushed ice or ice powder layer by layer, and water is injected to freeze to form a frozen connection layer 13. The freezing time is at least 24 hours, and the tops of the two ice plates in the ice roof 1 are fixed through the frozen connection layer 13;

[0079] Step 8: After the top ends of the two ice plates in the ice roof 1 are fixed by the frozen connection layer 13 in step 7, the other end of each horizontal tie rod 2 is fixed by an end anchor and the verticality of the horizontal tie rod 2 is checked;

[0080] Step 9: After the verticality of all horizontal tie rods 2 in step 8 reaches the inspection standard, the entire structure of the ice roof 1 is hoisted to the top of the two pre-erected ice walls 4 by a four-point hoisting method;

[0081] Step 10: Construct a leveling layer 14 on the top pressure-bearing surface of each ice wall 4 by mixing ice foam with water. After the ice roof 1 suspended in step 9 is accurately placed on the leveling layer 14 on the top of the two ice walls 4, the overall installation of the igloo roof structure is completed.

[0082] In this embodiment, a new construction idea of ​​the ice house structure is proposed. The bending resistance of the ice house roof structure is improved by reinforcing the ice board. The support strength and rigidity of the ice house roof structure are improved by arranging the tie rod structure in the ice house roof structure, so that the roof structure can be directly hoisted by the hoisting assembly and assembled with the ice wall structure, ensuring that the appearance of the ice building presents a pure ice structure. The layer-by-layer casting method is adopted in the production of the ice board to ensure the layout stability and layout accuracy of the roof glass reinforcement net 3. When installing the horizontal tie rod 2, First, single-end fastening is performed, and after the frozen connection layer 13 is poured, the two ends are fastened. In order to ensure the stability of the splicing of the two ice panels in the roof structure, before the frozen connection layer 13 is poured, the two ice panels are only connected by the ridge rib structure 31, and its supporting strength is limited. If the horizontal tie rod 2 is directly fastened at both ends at this time, the clamping force of the two end constraint nuts 5 will easily cause the two ice panels to be misaligned, and the layout position of the ridge rib structure 31 will also be offset, which will directly affect the supporting strength and aesthetics of the subsequent roof structure.

[0083] Compared with the traditional masonry ice structure and ice masonry method, the ice house structure and ice house structure construction method provided in this embodiment have added organic glass bars and tie arches to improve the overall bending resistance of the ice roof. In view of the actual construction needs, the roof tie arch structure composed of added FRP tie rods can effectively improve the compressive performance of the roof and avoid the cracking and fracture problems faced by the ice roof during use. At the same time, the configuration of organic glass bars provides further guarantee for the bending performance of the roof. Through the comprehensive application of glass bars and tie arches, the application scope and application scenarios of this type of ice building structure are expanded.

[0084] The present invention has been disclosed as above with preferred implementation cases, but it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any technician familiar with the profession can make some changes or modifications to equivalent implementation cases with equivalent changes by using the above-disclosed structures and technical contents without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above implementation cases based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A roof truss tie rod structure of an igloo, characterized in that: The roof truss tie rod structure comprises an ice roof (1) and two ice walls (4), wherein the ice roof (1) is a reinforced tie rod type roof; The ice wall (4) is made of a plurality of ice masonry bodies stacked and connected; The ice roof (1) comprises two ice panels and a tie rod assembly, the two ice panels and the tie rod assembly are arranged in the form of an isosceles triangle, each ice panel is provided with a roof glass reinforcement net (3), and the roof glass reinforcement nets (3) in the two ice panels extend out of the top of the ice panel and are tied and fixed with the ridge reinforcement (8) to form a ridge reinforcement structure (31), a frozen connection layer (13) is provided on the outside of the ridge reinforcement structure (31), the top ends of the two ice panels are fixedly connected by the frozen connection layer (13), the tie rod assembly is arranged at the bottom of the two ice panels, and the two ends of the tie rod assembly are respectively inserted into an adjacent ice panel, and the bottoms of the two ice panels are supported and fixed by the tie rod assembly; Two ice walls (4) are arranged parallel to each other below the ice roof (1), and the top of each ice wall (4) is connected to the bottom of an ice board in the ice roof (1) via a leveling layer (14).

2. The igloo roof truss tie rod structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frozen connecting layer (13) and the leveling layer (14) are both made by freezing a mixture of crushed ice and water.

3. The igloo roof truss tie rod structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tie rod assembly includes a plurality of tie rod units, and the plurality of tie rod units are arranged equidistantly in sequence along the extension direction of the roof truss depth. Each tie rod unit includes a horizontal tie rod (2) and two end restraining nuts (5). Both ends of the horizontal tie rod (2) are respectively processed with external threads (25). The horizontal tie rod (2) is arranged between the bottom ends of the two ice plates, and both ends of the horizontal tie rod (2) respectively pass through the corresponding ice plates and extend to the outside of the ice plates. Each end restraining nut (5) is arranged on the outside of an ice plate, and each end restraining nut (5) is correspondingly sleeved on the external thread (25) at one end of the horizontal tie rod (2) and is threadedly connected to the horizontal tie rod (2).

4. The igloo roof truss tie rod structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The horizontal tie rod (2) and the end restraining nut (5) are both made of FRP material.

5. The igloo roof truss tie rod structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The roof glass reinforcement net (3) is composed of a group of organic glass reinforcements arranged in the transverse direction and a group of organic glass reinforcements arranged in the longitudinal direction, wherein the spacing between two adjacent organic glass reinforcements in the transverse direction is 100 mm to 250 mm, and the spacing between two adjacent organic glass reinforcements in the longitudinal direction is 100 mm to 250 mm.

6. The igloo roof truss tie rod structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cross-sectional area of ​​the organic glass reinforcement is 20mm 2 ~150mm 2 Square or round plexiglass bars.

7. The igloo roof truss tie rod structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the ice board is 150mm-450mm, and the length is 3000mm-5000mm. The ice board is formed by layered pouring. During the pouring process, the layered pouring is carried out in a 50mm layer.

8. The igloo roof truss tie rod structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The crossing angle between two ice plates in the ice roof (1) is 60° to 150°.

9. The igloo roof truss tie rod structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The spacing between two adjacent tie rod units in the tie rod assembly is 1500mm to 3500mm, the length of the horizontal tie rod (2) is 2500mm to 5000mm, the end face diameter of the horizontal tie rod (2) is 30mm to 120mm, and an FRP washer is provided between each end restraining nut (5) and the corresponding ice plate, and the thickness of the FRP washer is 20mm.

10. A method for constructing an igloo roof truss tie rod structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The specific steps of the construction method are as follows: Step 1: Casting the ice board. The ice board is formed by layered casting. During the casting process, the ice board is cast in layers with a layer thickness of 50 mm. After the ice board is cast and trimmed in place, the ridge dividing line is located according to the designed size (6); Step 2: Divide the ice board poured in step 1, cut the poured ice board at the ridge dividing line (6) and pay attention to the position of the organic glass reinforcement, reserve an organic glass reinforcement of suitable length as a connection part for binding with the ridge reinforcement (8), determine the position of the hanging reinforcement (7) after completing the cutting of the ice board, prepare the installation frame (9) according to the roof slope and span, and prepare for lifting; Step 3: Take two ice panels cut in step 2 and hoist them to the position of the mounting frame (9), and take temporary fixing measures to prevent the ice panels from sliding against the mounting frame (9) after being placed, thereby affecting the preparation accuracy of the final ice roof (1); Step 4: After the ice plate and the mounting frame (9) in step 3 are positioned, the layout position of the ridge rib structure (31) is determined according to the structural design, and the organic glass ribs and the ridge ribs (8) reserved in step 2 are tied and fixed by a binding belt (10). After the ridge rib structure (31) is fixed, the anchor surface of the pull rod is positioned, and the anchor surface cutting line (11) is determined; Step 5: According to the anchor surface cutting line (11) determined in step 4, the support anchor surface is segmented, and the position of the anchor hole (12) is determined and the hole is opened; Step 6: After the anchor holes (12) in step 5 are opened, the prepared multiple horizontal tie rods (2) are inserted one by one into a group of relatively arranged anchor holes (12), and each inserted horizontal tie rod (2) is fixed with a single-end anchor by providing an end restraining nut (5); Step 7: After the multiple horizontal tie rods (2) are fixed with single-end anchors in step 6, the outer side of the ridge rib structure (31) is filled with crushed ice or ice powder layer by layer, and water is injected to freeze to form a frozen connection layer (13). The freezing period is at least 24 hours, and the top ends of the two ice plates in the ice roof (1) are fixed through the frozen connection layer (13); Step 8: After the top ends of the two ice plates in the ice roof (1) are fixed by the frozen connection layer (13) in step 7, the other end of each horizontal tie rod (2) is fixed with an end anchor and the verticality of the horizontal tie rod (2) is checked; Step 9: After the verticality of all horizontal tie rods (2) in step 8 reaches the inspection standard, the entire structure of the ice roof (1) is hoisted to the top of the two pre-erected ice walls (4) by a four-point hoisting method; Step 10: A leveling layer (14) is constructed on the top pressure-bearing surface of each ice wall (4) by mixing ice foam with water. After the ice roof (1) suspended in step 9 is accurately placed on the leveling layer (14) on the top of the two ice walls (4), the overall installation of the igloo roof structure is completed.

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