Vibration reduction cylindrical roller bearing with adjustable radial clearance and clearance adjusting method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a damping cylindrical roller bearing with an adjustable radial clearance and a clearance adjusting method thereof, and relates to the technical field of rolling bearings. The invention aims to solve the problems of rolling body slipping caused by insufficient radial pre-tightening force in the operation process of the cylindrical roller bearing, and vibration caused by manufacturing precision, mounting error, external abnormal load and the like. According to the invention, the bearing clearance is quickly adjusted by arranging the pre-tightening adjusting vibration-reducing body made of damping metal in the rolling body of the cylindrical roller bearing, so that the operation stability of the cylindrical roller bearing, especially a high-rotating-speed cylindrical roller, is improved. Meanwhile, the pre-tightening adjusting vibration-reducing body made of damping metal plays a role in supporting the rolling body at the core part of the rolling body, the bearing performance of the bearing is not influenced, and the contact between the pre-tightening adjusting vibration-reducing body and the roller path is avoided, so that the vibration transmitted by the rolling body is attenuated. The damping cylindrical roller bearing with the adjustable radial clearance and the clearance adjusting method of the damping cylindrical roller bearing can be obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rolling bearings, and in particular to a vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing with adjustable radial clearance and a clearance adjustment method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Rolling bearings are a key component widely used in various rotating machinery. They are mainly used to support the shaft and the load on it, and allow the shaft to rotate and swing therein. Rolling bearings generally include inner rings, outer rings, rolling elements, cages, etc. Rolling bearings have the advantages of high rotation accuracy and low friction coefficient, but during operation, they often cause abnormal vibrations due to manufacturing accuracy, installation errors, and external abnormal loads. Long-term abnormal vibrations can cause bearing failures, such as damage to rolling elements and inner and outer rings. This failure not only affects the life of the bearing itself, but also affects the overall performance of the host. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the operating status of rolling bearings and conduct related vibration reduction designs.

[0003] The vibration reduction and noise reduction design of rolling bearings is often mainly considered from the following aspects: material selection, structural design, optimized installation and use conditions, etc. Among them, steel and high polymer materials are used as the outer ring or inner ring material of the bearing, and the stress-strain hysteresis effect of the polymer can be used to absorb vibration energy, thereby achieving vibration reduction and noise reduction; by applying elliptical or special-shaped rolling elements, contact stress can also be reduced, abnormal slipping and other operating conditions can be avoided, thereby reducing vibration; by reasonably arranging the position and number of rolling elements, unbalanced torque can also be reduced, thereby reducing vibration; by optimizing the design of the cage, improving its stiffness and reducing friction, vibration can also be reduced. The use of new materials is often too costly; although rolling elements such as rollers with special shapes can adjust their preload and reduce the vibration caused by abnormal slipping, they are often complex in design, cannot be universally designed, and are difficult to mass produce. Especially for cylindrical roller bearings, it is often impossible to set an adjustable preload like angular contact bearings, and the design often needs to provide a minimum radial load to avoid slipping between the rolling element and the raceway. Especially for high-speed cylindrical roller bearings, the slippage of the rolling elements at high speed will cause abnormal operation of components such as the cage. The rolling elements are prone to abnormal contact with the cage, causing abnormal vibration and severe damage.

[0004] Therefore, for cylindrical roller bearings, especially high-speed cylindrical rollers, it is necessary to develop a simple design, simple processing and manufacturing process, and a form that can adjust the preload force for various working conditions and shaft forms to further improve its light-load operation stability. In addition, damping metal has a good damping and vibration reduction effect, but the mechanical properties of common damping metals cannot meet the performance requirements of rolling element contact fatigue of rolling bearings. The rational use of the vibration reduction performance of damping metals to further reduce the vibration of rolling bearings also has important research and application prospects, but there are few related reports. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the vibration problem caused by rolling element slippage, manufacturing accuracy, installation error, external abnormal load and the like during the operation of the cylindrical roller bearing, and to provide a vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing with adjustable radial clearance and a clearance adjustment method thereof.

[0006] A vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing with adjustable radial clearance, comprising a rolling bearing body 10 and a plurality of adjustable vibration-damping rolling elements 20;

[0007] The rolling bearing body 10 comprises a bearing outer ring 11, a retainer 12 and a bearing inner ring 13, wherein the retainer 12 is arranged between the bearing outer ring 11 and the bearing inner ring 13;

[0008] The adjustable vibration-damping rolling element 20 is arranged in the retaining frame 12, and includes a hollow rolling element 21, an axial limit device 22 and a preload-adjustable vibration-damping element 23; the preload-adjustable vibration-damping element 23 is a cylindrical structure and is made of damping metal;

[0009] The hollow rolling body 21 is provided with an internal thread blind hole in the axial direction, and the cylindrical side of the preload adjustment damping body 23 is provided with an external thread, and the hollow rolling body 21 is threadedly connected with the preload adjustment damping body 23; a groove is provided on the inner wall of the hollow rolling body 21 near the outlet of the blind hole, and the distance between the groove and the bottom end of the blind hole in the hollow rolling body 21 is equal to the length of the preload adjustment damping body 23;

[0010] The axial limiting device 22 is provided with an elastic positioning key, and the axial limiting device 22 is positioned and connected with the hollow rolling body 21 .

[0011] A method for adjusting the clearance of a vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing with adjustable radial clearance is performed according to the following steps:

[0012] The preload adjustment damper 23 is installed into the hollow rolling body 21 by threading the preload adjustment damper 23 with the hollow rolling body 21, and then the axial limit device 22 is placed in the hollow rolling body 21, and the elastic positioning key of the axial limit device 22 is placed in the groove of the hollow rolling body 21 to complete the radial clearance adjustment of the damping cylindrical roller bearing.

[0013] Principle of the present invention:

[0014] The present invention sets a threaded hole at the center of the rolling element of the cylindrical roller bearing, screws in a pre-tightening and adjusting damping body made of threaded damping metal, and limits the position through an axial limiting device (retaining ring structure). When adjusting the clearance, it is only necessary to replace the pre-tightening and adjusting damping body with different interference fits, that is, without changing the main parts such as the outer ring, retainer, and inner ring of the bearing, the bearing clearance can be quickly adjusted to adapt to working conditions such as hollow shafts and light loads, and improve the running stability of cylindrical roller bearings, especially high-speed cylindrical rollers; at the same time, the pre-tightening and adjusting damping body is made of damping metal, and supports the rolling body at the core of the rolling body, so as not to affect the bearing load performance of the bearing, and avoid the contact between the pre-tightening and adjusting damping body and the raceway, which can attenuate the vibration transmitted through the rolling body during the operation of the bearing, such as the vibration caused by the imbalance on the rotating shaft, the operation of the bearing, and the meshing of the gears.

[0015] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0016] (1) The present invention achieves rapid adjustment of the bearing clearance without changing the main parts of the cylindrical roller bearing, such as the outer ring, retainer, and inner ring, by arranging a preload adjustment damping body made of damping metal inside the rolling element of the cylindrical roller bearing, thereby improving the running stability of the cylindrical roller bearing, especially the high-speed cylindrical roller. At the same time, the preload adjustment damping body made of damping metal supports the rolling element at the core of the rolling element, does not affect the bearing performance of the bearing, and avoids the contact between the preload adjustment damping body and the raceway, thereby attenuating the vibration transmitted by the rolling element.

[0017] (2) The present invention has a simple design and a simple manufacturing process, and can achieve rapid adjustment of the clearance of the cylindrical roller bearing. The preload force can be adjusted according to various working conditions and shaft forms, further improving its light-load operation stability. Under the premise of ensuring the contact fatigue strength of the rolling element and other performances, the vibration of the cylindrical roller bearing is further reduced by combining the damping metal, thereby improving the running stability of the cylindrical roller bearing and ultimately increasing its service life.

[0018] The invention can obtain a vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing with adjustable radial clearance and a clearance adjustment method thereof. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 A front view of a vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing with adjustable radial clearance according to the present invention is shown, 10 represents a rolling bearing body, 20 represents an adjustable vibration-damping rolling element;

[0020] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing with adjustable radial clearance according to the present invention is shown, 11 represents an outer ring of the bearing, 12 represents a retaining frame, and 13 represents an inner ring of the bearing;

[0021] Figure 321 represents the hollow rolling body, 22 represents the axial limit device, and 23 represents the pre-tightening adjustment damping body;

[0022] Figure 4 Graph showing the relationship between operating clearance and fatigue life of cylindrical roller bearings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] Specific implementation method 1: This implementation method is a vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing with adjustable radial clearance, including a rolling bearing body 10 and a plurality of adjustable vibration-damping rolling elements 20;

[0024] The rolling bearing body 10 comprises a bearing outer ring 11, a retainer 12 and a bearing inner ring 13, wherein the retainer 12 is arranged between the bearing outer ring 11 and the bearing inner ring 13;

[0025] The adjustable vibration-damping rolling element 20 is arranged in the retaining frame 12, and includes a hollow rolling element 21, an axial limit device 22 and a preload-adjustable vibration-damping element 23; the preload-adjustable vibration-damping element 23 is a cylindrical structure and is made of damping metal;

[0026] The hollow rolling body 21 is provided with an internal thread blind hole in the axial direction, and the cylindrical side of the preload adjustment damping body 23 is provided with an external thread, and the hollow rolling body 21 is threadedly connected with the preload adjustment damping body 23; a groove is provided on the inner wall of the hollow rolling body 21 near the outlet of the blind hole, and the distance between the groove and the bottom end of the blind hole in the hollow rolling body 21 is equal to the length of the preload adjustment damping body 23;

[0027] The axial limiting device 22 is provided with an elastic positioning key, and the axial limiting device 22 is positioned and connected with the hollow rolling body 21 .

[0028] Specific implementation method 2: The difference between this implementation method and specific implementation method 1 is that the bearing outer ring 11 is made of high-carbon chromium bearing steel GCr15, GCr15SiMn, carburized bearing steel, stainless bearing steel or high-temperature bearing steel.

[0029] The other steps are the same as those in the first specific implementation.

[0030] Specific implementation method three: The difference between this implementation method and specific implementation method one or two is that the bearing inner ring 13 is made of high-carbon chromium bearing steel GCr15, GCr15SiMn, high-temperature bearing steel or stainless bearing steel.

[0031] The other steps are the same as those in the first or second embodiment.

[0032] Specific embodiment 4: The difference between this embodiment and specific embodiments 1 to 3 is that the retaining frame 12 is made of polyimide, polytetrafluoroethylene, glass fiber reinforced nylon, aluminum alloy or stainless steel.

[0033] The other steps are the same as those in Specific Embodiments 1 to 3.

[0034] Specific embodiment 5: The difference between this embodiment and specific embodiments 1 to 4 is that the hollow rolling body 21 is made of high carbon chromium bearing steel, carburized bearing steel, stainless bearing steel, high temperature bearing steel, ceramic material or high speed steel.

[0035] The other steps are the same as those in Specific Embodiments 1 to 4.

[0036] Specific implementation method 6: The difference between this implementation method and specific implementation methods 1 to 5 is that the damping metal is a copper-based alloy, an iron-based alloy, an aluminum-based alloy, a titanium-based alloy or a shape memory alloy.

[0037] The other steps are the same as those in Specific Embodiments 1 to 5.

[0038] Specific embodiment 7: The difference between this embodiment and specific embodiments 1 to 6 is that the hollow rolling body 21 and the preload adjustment damping body 23 have interference fits with different interference amounts.

[0039] The other steps are the same as those in Specific Embodiments 1 to 6.

[0040] Specific implementation method eight: In this implementation method, a clearance adjustment method of a vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing with adjustable radial clearance is performed according to the following steps:

[0041] The preload adjustment damper 23 is installed into the hollow rolling body 21 by threading the preload adjustment damper 23 with the hollow rolling body 21, and then the axial limit device 22 is placed in the hollow rolling body 21, and the elastic positioning key of the axial limit device 22 is placed in the groove of the hollow rolling body 21 to complete the radial clearance adjustment of the damping cylindrical roller bearing.

[0042] Specific embodiment 9: The difference between this embodiment and specific embodiment 8 is that the radial clearance of the vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing is adjusted by selecting a pre-tightening adjustment method of the vibration-damping body 23 with a different interference amount with the hollow rolling body 21.

[0043] The other steps are the same as those in the eighth embodiment.

[0044] Specific embodiment ten: The present embodiment is different from specific embodiment eight or nine in that the radial clearance of the vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing can be adjusted only by disassembling the pre-tightening adjustment damping body 23 .

[0045] The other steps are the same as those in the eighth or ninth embodiment.

[0046] The following examples are used to verify the beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0047] Example 1: Figure 1-3 As shown, a vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing with adjustable radial clearance comprises a rolling bearing body 10 and a plurality of adjustable vibration-damping rolling elements 20;

[0048] The rolling bearing body 10 comprises a bearing outer ring 11, a retainer 12 and a bearing inner ring 13, wherein the retainer 12 is arranged between the bearing outer ring 11 and the bearing inner ring 13;

[0049] The adjustable vibration-damping rolling element 20 is arranged in the retaining frame 12, and includes a hollow rolling element 21, an axial limit device 22 and a preload-adjustable vibration-damping element 23; the preload-adjustable vibration-damping element 23 is a cylindrical structure and is made of damping metal;

[0050] The hollow rolling body 21 is provided with an internal thread blind hole in the axial direction, and the cylindrical side of the preload adjustment damping body 23 is provided with an external thread, and the hollow rolling body 21 is threadedly connected with the preload adjustment damping body 23; a groove is provided on the inner wall of the hollow rolling body 21 near the outlet of the blind hole, and the distance between the groove and the bottom end of the blind hole in the hollow rolling body 21 is equal to the length of the preload adjustment damping body 23;

[0051] The axial limiting device 22 is provided with an elastic positioning key, and the axial limiting device 22 is positioned and connected with the hollow rolling body 21 .

[0052] The bearing outer ring 11 is made of high carbon chromium bearing steel GCr15, GCr15SiMn, carburized bearing steel, stainless bearing steel or high temperature bearing steel.

[0053] The bearing inner ring 13 is made of high carbon chromium bearing steel GCr15, GCr15SiMn, high temperature bearing steel or stainless bearing steel.

[0054] The retainer 12 is made of polyimide, polytetrafluoroethylene, glass fiber reinforced nylon, aluminum alloy or stainless steel.

[0055] The hollow rolling body 21 is made of high carbon chromium bearing steel, carburized bearing steel, stainless bearing steel, high temperature bearing steel, ceramic material or high speed steel.

[0056] The damping metal is a copper-based alloy, an iron-based alloy, an aluminum-based alloy, a titanium-based alloy or a shape memory alloy.

[0057] The hollow rolling body 21 and the preload adjustment damping body 23 are in interference fit with different interference amounts.

[0058] The clearance adjustment method of the above-mentioned vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing with adjustable radial clearance is carried out according to the following steps:

[0059] The preload adjustment damper 23 is installed into the hollow rolling body 21 by threading the preload adjustment damper 23 with the hollow rolling body 21, and then the axial limit device 22 is placed in the hollow rolling body 21, and the elastic positioning key of the axial limit device 22 is placed in the groove of the hollow rolling body 21 to complete the radial clearance adjustment of the damping cylindrical roller bearing.

[0060] The radial clearance of the vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing can be adjusted by selecting a preload-adjusting vibration-damping body 23 with a different interference fit from the hollow rolling body 21 , and the radial clearance of the vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing can be adjusted simply by disassembling the preload-adjusting vibration-damping body 23 .

[0061] In this embodiment, the outer diameter of the adjustable vibration damping rolling element 20 is fine-tuned by adjusting the tightness of the pre-tightening adjustment of the vibration damping element 23 and the hollow rolling element 21. The size of the cylindrical roller bearing can be adjusted to adjust the radial clearance of the entire cylindrical roller bearing, and finally the radial preload force can be adjusted for various working conditions and shaft forms.

[0062] For the same set of rolling bearing main body 10 and hollow rolling element 21, the radial clearance of the bearing can be quickly adjusted by replacing the preload adjustment damping body 23. Especially for large cylindrical roller bearings that have been installed, the radial clearance of the bearing can be quickly adjusted by replacing the preload adjustment damping body 23 without disassembling the entire bearing, thereby changing the radial preload force.

[0063] The preload adjustment vibration damping body 23 is made of damping metal, and is integrated with the hollow rolling body 21 through a certain interference fit. It has a stronger load-bearing capacity than the hollow rolling body, and through the damping and vibration reduction effect of the damping metal, it can effectively reduce the vibration passing through the adjustable vibration damping rolling body 20, such as the vibration caused by the imbalance on the rotating shaft, bearing operation, gear meshing, etc.

[0064] Figure 4 A graph showing the relationship between the working clearance and fatigue life of a cylindrical roller bearing; Figure 4 As shown in the figure, when the working clearance of cylindrical roller bearings is between 0 and 60 μm, the fatigue life of the bearings tends to decrease; when the working clearance is slightly negative, the fatigue life of the bearings is the longest, but if the negative clearance is too large (less than -10 μm), the fatigue life will be significantly shortened. Therefore, in general, it is recommended to select a bearing internal clearance with a working clearance slightly greater than 0.

Claims

1. A vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing with adjustable radial clearance, characterized in that The vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing comprises a rolling bearing body (10) and a plurality of adjustable vibration-damping rolling elements (20); The rolling bearing body (10) comprises a bearing outer ring (11), a retaining frame (12) and a bearing inner ring (13), wherein the retaining frame (12) is arranged between the bearing outer ring (11) and the bearing inner ring (13); The adjustable vibration-damping rolling body (20) is arranged in the retaining frame (12), and comprises a hollow rolling body (21), an axial limit device (22) and a preload-adjustable vibration-damping body (23); the preload-adjustable vibration-damping body (23) is a cylindrical structure and is made of damping metal; The hollow rolling body (21) is provided with an internal thread blind hole in the axial direction, the cylindrical side of the preload adjustment damping body (23) is provided with an external thread, and the hollow rolling body (21) is threadedly connected to the preload adjustment damping body (23); a groove is provided on the inner wall of the hollow rolling body (21) near the outlet of the blind hole, and the distance between the groove and the bottom end of the blind hole in the hollow rolling body (21) is equal to the length of the preload adjustment damping body (23); The axial limiting device (22) is provided with an elastic positioning key, and the axial limiting device (22) is connected to the hollow rolling body (21) in a positioning manner.

2. A vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing with adjustable radial clearance according to claim 1, characterized in that The bearing outer ring (11) is made of high carbon chromium bearing steel GCr15, GCr15SiMn, carburized bearing steel, stainless bearing steel or high temperature bearing steel.

3. A vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing with adjustable radial clearance according to claim 1, characterized in that The bearing inner ring (13) is made of high carbon chromium bearing steel GCr15, GCr15SiMn, high temperature bearing steel or stainless bearing steel.

4. A vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing with adjustable radial clearance according to claim 1, characterized in that The retaining frame (12) is made of polyimide, polytetrafluoroethylene, glass fiber reinforced nylon, aluminum alloy or stainless steel.

5. A vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing with adjustable radial clearance according to claim 1, characterized in that The hollow rolling body (21) is made of high carbon chromium bearing steel, carburized bearing steel, stainless bearing steel, high temperature bearing steel, ceramic material or high speed steel.

6. A vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing with adjustable radial clearance according to claim 1, characterized in that The damping metal is a copper-based alloy, an iron-based alloy, an aluminum-based alloy, a titanium-based alloy or a shape memory alloy.

7. A vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing with adjustable radial clearance according to claim 1, characterized in that The hollow rolling body (21) and the preload adjustment vibration damping body (23) are interference fits with different interference amounts.

8. A method for adjusting the clearance of a vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing with adjustable radial clearance as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The method proceeds as follows: The preload adjustment damping body (23) is installed into the hollow rolling body (21) by threading the preload adjustment damping body (23) with the hollow rolling body (21), and then the axial limit device (22) is placed into the hollow rolling body (21), and the elastic positioning key of the axial limit device (22) is placed in the groove of the hollow rolling body (21), thereby completing the radial clearance adjustment of the damping cylindrical roller bearing.

9. The method for adjusting the clearance of a vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing with adjustable radial clearance according to claim 8, characterized in that The radial clearance of the vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing is adjusted by selecting a pre-tightening adjustment vibration-damping body (23) with a different interference amount from the hollow rolling body (21).

10. The method for adjusting the clearance of a vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing with adjustable radial clearance according to claim 8, characterized in that The radial clearance of the vibration-damping cylindrical roller bearing can be adjusted by only disassembling the preload-adjusting vibration-damping body (23).

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