Nonlinear electromagnetic vibration isolator

Abstract

The invention discloses a nonlinear vibration isolator with electromagnetic damping. The nonlinear vibration isolator comprises a rigid structure and a damping structure which are matched with each other, the damping structure comprises a top cover, an upper limiting nut, a coil, a first magnetic material, a lower limiting nut, a main shaft, a second magnetic material, an upper base nut, a lower base nut and a base. The main shaft, the upper base nut and the lower base nut are arranged on the base, and the first magnetic material and the second magnetic material are fixedly arranged on the top cover, connected with the top cover in a sleeved mode and embedded in a groove of the top cover. The coil is clamped and fixed to the main shaft through the upper limiting screw and the second limiting nut, and the coil and the external circuit structure form a loop. The nonlinear electromagnetic vibration isolator has the characteristics of damping nonlinearity, adjustable damping, function conversion and the like, the reliability problem of a common nonlinear vibration isolator under the low-frequency large-amplitude vibration working condition is solved from the damping end, and the vibration isolator has a good vibration isolation effect under the low-frequency working condition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vibration isolation, and specifically to a nonlinear electromagnetic vibration isolator. Background Art

[0002] The research on vibration isolation technology originated from the demand for ultra-precision manufacturing and measurement, aerospace exploration, transportation, weapons and equipment under extreme working conditions. These fields require equipment that can work in low-frequency and ultra-low-frequency environments, and traditional linear vibration isolation systems often cannot meet the needs in these environments. Linear vibration isolation systems usually only have a good suppression effect on vibrations in the medium and high frequency bands, but it is often difficult to effectively isolate the slight vibrations in the low-frequency area. Quasi-zero stiffness isolators are currently mostly used for small-amplitude vibration isolation, and there is still room for development in the field of large excitation. Most of the existing vibration isolation systems have a single function, and most of the vibration mechanical energy is dissipated and difficult to collect. Signal acquisition and vibration isolation layout are also not conducive to active adjustment.

[0003] For nonlinear electromagnetic isolators, the source of magnetic force is mainly permanent magnets, which generate damping by coupling with coils. Compared with isolators of other structural types, electromagnetic damping force is non-contact force and has the advantage of energy conversion. It can also achieve active control or adjustment of damping by externally connecting different circuits. Nonlinear electromagnetic isolators can be combined with energy harvesting technology and control technology to produce better vibration isolation effects and have excellent scalability. At present, there is an urgent need for a new type of nonlinear electromagnetic isolator that can meet higher requirements, so as to maintain the normal operation of machinery, increase service life, and improve the safety and reliability of engineering structures. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention is aimed at the existing technical problems and proposes a nonlinear electromagnetic vibration isolator, which is implemented by the following technical solutions:

[0005] A nonlinear vibration isolator with electromagnetic damping, comprising a rigid structure and a damping structure that cooperate with each other; the damping structure comprises a top cover 1, an upper limit nut 2, a coil 3, a first magnetic material 4, a lower limit nut 6, a main shaft 7, a second magnetic material 8, an upper base nut 10, a lower base nut 11 and a base 12;

[0006] The main shaft 7, the upper base nut 10 and the lower base nut 11 are arranged on the base 12, and the first magnetic material 4 and the second magnetic material 8 are fixedly placed on the top cover 1, are sleeved with the top cover 1, and are embedded in the groove of the top cover 1;

[0007] The coil 3 is clamped and fixed on the main shaft 7 by the upper limit nut 2 and the second limit nut 6, and the coil 3 and the external circuit structure form a loop.

[0008] Preferably, the magnetic poles of the first magnetic material 4 and the second magnetic material 8 are arranged opposite to each other to form an approximately uniform magnetic field.

[0009] Preferably, the base 12 is fitted with the top cover 1 , and the inner wall of the base 12 is gap-fitted with the outer wall of the top cover 1 ; the central groove on the bottom surface of the base 12 is over-fitted with the first base nut 10 and the second base nut 11 , so that the first base nut 10 and the second base nut 11 are embedded in the base 12 .

[0010] Preferably, the main shaft 7 is a stud or part of it is a stud, and is screwed together with the first base nut 10 and the second base nut 11. The main shaft 7 is screwed with an upper limit nut 2 and a lower limit nut 6.

[0011] Preferably, the rigid structure includes a first spring 5 and a second spring 9 fixedly connected to the base 12 , and the first spring 5 and the second spring 9 are also fixedly connected to the top cover 1 , respectively.

[0012] Preferably, the rigid structure includes a top cover rotation structure and a spring structure; the top cover rotation structure includes a first top cover rotation element 13, a second top cover rotation element 16, a first base rotation element 17, and a second base rotation element 20; the spring structure includes a third spring 14, a fourth spring 15, a fifth spring 18, and a sixth spring 19.

[0013] Preferably, the first top cover rotating element 13 and the second top cover rotating element 16 are connected to the top cover 1, and the first base rotating element 17 and the second base rotating element 20 are connected to the base 12, and the rotating elements can rotate around the connection.

[0014] Preferably, the upper ends of the fourth spring 15 and the fifth spring 18 are fixed on the top cover 1, and the lower ends are fixed to the base 12; the upper ends of the third spring 14 and the sixth spring 19 are fixed to the first top cover rotating element 13 and the second top cover rotating element 16, and the lower ends are fixed to the first base rotating element 17 and the second base rotating element 20 are connected to the base 12.

[0015] Preferably, a plurality of holes are formed on the top cover 1 and the base 12 .

[0016] Preferably, the coil 3 is made of copper or a metal with low resistivity.

[0017] Beneficial Effects

[0018] The nonlinear electromagnetic vibration isolator of the present invention has the characteristics of nonlinear damping, adjustable damping, and functional conversion. It solves the reliability problem of ordinary nonlinear vibration isolators under low-frequency and large-vibration working conditions from the damping end, so that the vibration isolator has a better vibration isolation effect under low-frequency working conditions.

[0019] In the nonlinear electromagnetic isolator structure of the present invention, the stiffness structure can use a simple linear spring structure or a variety of nonlinear stiffness structures, as long as the stiffness structure does not have a serious impact on the electromagnetic damper. The nonlinear damping structure can be connected in series and parallel with nonlinear circuits such as RLC to adjust the circuit characteristics, thereby producing different damping effects. Therefore, a variety of settings can be used for specific working conditions, which has the advantage of strong designability. The isolator can select the nonlinear form of stiffness and damping according to the working load, and the electromagnetic damping has no friction resistance, which makes it have better reliability and applicability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the nonlinear electromagnetic vibration isolator of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the base structure of the nonlinear electromagnetic vibration isolator of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the top cover structure of the nonlinear electromagnetic vibration isolator of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a transmissibility curve diagram of different vibration isolators in the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the nonlinear electromagnetic vibration isolator in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] The parts are numbered as follows:

[0026] The top cover 1, the upper limit nut 2 on the top cover 1, the coil 3, the first magnetic material 4, the lower limit nut 6, the main shaft 7, the second magnetic material 8, the upper base nut 10, the lower base nut 11, and the base 12. The top cover rotating structure includes a first top cover rotating element 13, a third spring 14, a fourth spring 15, a second top cover rotating element 16, a first base rotating element 17, a fifth spring 18, a sixth spring 19, and a second base rotating element 20. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 5 The nonlinear electromagnetic vibration isolator of the present invention is further described in detail.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, the nonlinear electromagnetic vibration isolator of the present invention comprises a rigid structure and a damping structure which cooperate with each other.

[0029] The damping structure includes a top cover 1, an upper limit nut 2, a coil 3, a first magnetic material 4, a lower limit nut 6, a main shaft 7, a second magnetic material 8, an upper base nut 10, a lower base nut 11 and a base 12;

[0030] The main shaft 7, the upper base nut 10 and the lower base nut 11 are arranged on the base 12, and the first magnetic material 4 and the second magnetic material 8 are fixedly placed on the top cover 1, are sleeved with the top cover 1, and are embedded in the groove of the top cover 1;

[0031] The coil 3 is clamped and fixed on the main shaft 7 by the upper limit nut 2 and the second limit nut 6. The coil 3 is made of low resistivity metal and can form a loop with the external circuit structure. The magnetic poles of the first magnetic material 4 and the second magnetic material 8 are arranged oppositely to form an approximately uniform magnetic field.

[0032] The base 12 is fitted with the top cover 1 , and the inner wall of the base 12 is gap-matched with the outer wall of the top cover 1 ; the central groove on the bottom surface of the base 12 is over-matched with the first base nut 10 and the second base nut 11 , so that the first base nut 10 and the second base nut 11 are embedded in the base 12 .

[0033] The top cover 1 and the base 12 are provided with a plurality of holes. Figure 2 As shown, the vibration isolator base 12 is a cylinder with an opening at the top, and four rectangular openings are shown in the figure. Figure 3 As shown, the top cover 1 is a cylinder with a platform at the upper end and an opening at the lower end.

[0034] The main shaft 7 is a stud or part of it is a stud, which is screwed together with the first base nut 10 and the second base nut 11 ; the upper limit nut 2 and the lower limit nut 6 are screwed together on the main shaft 7 .

[0035] Furthermore, the rigid structure includes a first spring 5 and a second spring 9, and the first spring 5 and the second spring 9 are also respectively fixed to the top cover 1. Both use linear springs to provide the required rigidity force.

[0036] When the top cover 1 is subjected to a load, the load is balanced by the stiffness of the first spring 5 and the second spring 9. When the base 12 is subjected to vibration excitation, the base 12 drives the top cover 1 and the load to move in the vertical direction. The inner wall of the base exerts radial constraints on the outer wall of the top cover so that it can only slide in the axial direction, thereby ensuring the stability of the vertical movement. The structural layout of the coil 3 can be adjusted, such as the layout of the number of turns related to the displacement, the thickness of the coil, etc. At the same time, the composition of the electronic components of the coil external circuit can be adjusted, and the magnitude and phase of the damping force can be adjusted.

[0037] Principle

[0038] In the nonlinear electromagnetic vibration isolator of the present invention, the first magnetic material 4 and the second magnetic material 8 are fixed on the top cover 1. The coil 3 is constrained by the upper limit nut 2 and the lower limit nut 6 on the main shaft 7. The central groove on the bottom surface of the base 12 is overfitted with the upper base nut 10 and the lower base nut 11 so that the nut is embedded in the base 12, and the main shaft 7 is screwed with the upper base nut 10 and the lower base nut 11. The first spring 5 and the second spring 9 use linear springs to provide the required stiffness force. When the top cover 1 moves, the Ampere force generated by the conductor cutting the magnetic flux lines constitutes an electromagnetic damping force, thereby achieving the effect of vibration isolation.

[0039] When the top cover 1 is subjected to the working load, the load is provided by the spring stiffness, and the nonlinear damping force has different nonlinear characteristics under different working conditions. When the base 12 is subjected to vibration excitation, the base 12 drives the top cover 1 and the load to move in the vertical direction, and the inner wall of the base 12 generates radial constraints on the outer wall of the top cover 1 so that it can only slide in the axial direction, thereby ensuring the stability of the vertical movement. In addition, since the coil 3 is constrained by the main shaft 7, the upper limit nut 2 and the lower limit nut 6, the position of the coil 3 fixed on the main shaft 7 can be easily adjusted. The coil 3 can be connected to different circuit elements to control the size and phase of the current during the movement, thereby achieving the effect of variable damping under different excitations; at the same time, since the coil current can be regulated by the loop, and the electric energy can be collected by the loop, it has the scalability of active control and energy collection.

[0040] Example

[0041] like Figure 5 As shown, another structure of the nonlinear electromagnetic isolator of the present invention includes a top cover 1, an upper limit nut 2, a coil 3, a first magnetic material 4, a lower limit nut 6, a main shaft 7, a second magnetic material 8, a first top cover rotating element 13, a second top cover rotating element 16, a first base rotating element 17, a second base rotating element 20, a third spring 14, a fourth spring 15, a fifth spring 18, a sixth spring 19, an upper base nut 10, a lower base nut 11 and a base 12.

[0042] The central groove on the bottom surface of the vibration isolator base 10 is overfitted with the base nut 9 so that the nut is embedded in the base 10, and the main shaft 7 is screwed with the base nut 9. The first base rotating element 17 and the second base rotating element 20 are connected to the base 12, and the first top cover rotating element 13 and the second top cover rotating element 16 are connected to the top cover 1, and the rotating elements can rotate around the connection.

[0043] The first magnetic material 4 and the second magnetic material 8 have opposite magnetization directions, and are arranged symmetrically with respect to the main shaft 7. The first magnetic material 4 and the second magnetic material 8 are fixed to the top cover 1, the fourth spring 15 and the fifth spring 18 are fixed to the top cover 1 at their upper ends, and fixed to the base 12 at their lower ends; the third spring 14 and the sixth spring 19 are fixed to the first top cover rotating element 13 and the second top cover rotating element 16 at their upper ends, and fixed to the first base rotating element 17 and the second base rotating element 20 at their lower ends connected to the base 12. The coil is fixed to the main shaft 7 through the upper limit nut 2 and the lower limit nut 6. The coil and the external circuit structure form a loop.

[0044] Among them, the spring on the base adopts a linear spring to form a three-spring model to provide nonlinear stiffness force. The spring is composed of two vertically placed linear springs and two obliquely placed linear springs. The upper limit nut 2 and the lower limit nut 6 are screwed on the main shaft 7, and the coil 11 is fixed by the upper limit nut and the lower limit nut 6. The first magnetic material 4 and the second magnetic material 8 are sleeved with the top cover 1 and embedded in the groove of the top cover. The top and bottom of the magnetic material are connected to the surface of the top cover. The base 10 is coaxially mounted with the top cover 1, and the inner wall of the base and the outer wall of the top cover are gap-matched.

[0045] The base is a cylinder with an open top and a plurality of holes arranged on the side. Both sides of the base are connected to the first base rotating element 17 and the second base rotating element 20 .

[0046] The top cover 1 is a cylinder with a platform at the upper end and an opening at the lower end. Both sides of the top cover are connected to a first top cover rotating element 13 and a second top cover rotating element 16.

[0047] When the top cover 1 is subjected to a load, the load is balanced by the spring stiffness. When the base is subjected to vibration excitation, the base drives the top cover 1 and the load to move in the vertical direction. The inner wall of the base exerts radial constraints on the outer wall of the top cover so that it can only slide in the axial direction, thereby ensuring the stability of vertical movement. The structural layout of the coil can be adjusted, such as the layout of the number of turns related to the displacement, the thickness of the coil, etc. At the same time, the composition of the electronic components of the coil external circuit can be adjusted, and the magnitude and phase of the damping force can be adjusted.

[0048] In the present invention, the coil is made of copper or other low resistivity metal, and the remaining parts except the first magnetic material 4 and the second magnetic material 8 are made of low magnetic permeability materials. The magnetic material in the top cover generates electromagnetic coupling with the coil, and the variable number of turns is arranged so that the damping force is different when the excitation is small and the excitation is large, so as to achieve the effect of low-frequency vibration isolation.

[0049] It should be noted that the damping structure of the present invention can be used in conjunction with a variety of existing rigid structures and has a wide range of applications. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

Claims

1. A nonlinear vibration isolator with electromagnetic damping, characterized in that: It comprises a rigid structure and a damping structure that cooperate with each other; the damping structure comprises a top cover (1), an upper limit nut (2), a coil (3), a first magnetic material (4), a lower limit nut (6), a main shaft (7), a second magnetic material (8), an upper base nut (10), a lower base nut (11) and a base (12); The main shaft (7), the upper base nut (10) and the lower base nut (11) are arranged on the base (12); the first magnetic material (4) and the second magnetic material (8) are fixedly placed on the top cover (1), are sleeved with the top cover (1), and are embedded in the groove of the top cover (1); The coil (3) is clamped and fixed on the main shaft (7) by an upper limit nut (2) and a second limit nut (6), and the coil (3) and the external circuit structure form a loop.

2. The nonlinear vibration isolator with electromagnetic damping according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic poles of the first magnetic material (4) and the second magnetic material (8) are arranged oppositely to each other, forming an approximately uniform magnetic field.

3. The nonlinear vibration isolator with electromagnetic damping according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (12) and the top cover (1) are fitted together, and the inner wall of the base (12) and the outer wall of the top cover (1) are clearance-matched; the central groove on the bottom surface of the base (12) and the first base nut (10) and the second base nut (11) are over-matched, so that the first base nut (10) and the second base nut (11) are embedded in the base (12).

4. The nonlinear vibration isolator with electromagnetic damping according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main shaft (7) is a stud or part of it is a stud, and is screwed together with the first base nut (10) and the second base nut (11); an upper limit nut (2) and a lower limit nut (6) are screwed together on the main shaft (7).

5. The nonlinear vibration isolator with electromagnetic damping according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rigid structure comprises a first spring (5) and a second spring (9) fixedly connected to the base (12); the first spring (5) and the second spring (9) are also respectively fixedly connected to the top cover (1).

6. The nonlinear vibration isolator with electromagnetic damping according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rigid structure comprises a top cover rotating structure and a spring structure; the top cover rotating structure comprises a first top cover rotating element (13), a second top cover rotating element (16), a first base rotating element (17), and a second base rotating element (20); the spring structure comprises a third spring (14), a fourth spring (15), a fifth spring (18), and a sixth spring (19).

7. The nonlinear vibration isolator with electromagnetic damping according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first top cover rotating element (13) and the second top cover rotating element (16) are connected to the top cover (1), and the first base rotating element (17) and the second base rotating element (20) are connected to the base (12), and both can rotate around the connection points.

8. The nonlinear vibration isolator with electromagnetic damping according to claim 7, characterized in that: The upper ends of the fourth spring (15) and the fifth spring (18) are fixed on the top cover (1), and the lower ends are fixed on the base (12); the upper ends of the third spring (14) and the sixth spring (19) are fixed on the first top cover rotating element (13) and the second top cover rotating element (16), and the lower ends are fixed on the first base rotating element (17), and the second base rotating element (20) is connected to the base (12).

9. The nonlinear vibration isolator with electromagnetic damping according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of holes are formed on the top cover (1) and the base (12).

10. The nonlinear vibration isolator with electromagnetic damping according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the coil (3) is a metal with low resistivity.

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