Air floating type photovoltaic power generation system and maintenance method

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation devices, in particular to an air floating type photovoltaic power generation system and a maintenance method, and the air floating type photovoltaic power generation system comprises a photovoltaic panel, a floating device and a supporting mechanism. The floating device is arranged on the supporting mechanism, and the photovoltaic panel is installed on the floating device; the floating device comprises a floating block, and the floating block comprises a shell, an inner container and an inflation connector. The inner container is divided into a plurality of air bags through diaphragms, the inflation connectors are arranged on the air bags, and the air bags are detachably connected with the shell. By the adoption of the floating design, the device can be built in the air above complex terrains such as water areas and mountainous regions where ground photovoltaic power stations are not suitable for being built, the available space is greatly expanded, and the local ecological environment cannot be damaged. The device is simple in overall structure, convenient to install and maintain and small in occupied area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation devices, in particular to an air floating photovoltaic power generation system and a maintenance method. Background Art

[0002] Currently, photovoltaic power generation devices are generally divided into traditional ground photovoltaic power generation and floating offshore photovoltaic power generation.

[0003] Traditional ground photovoltaic power generation refers to the technology of installing solar panels on the ground and directly converting sunlight into electrical energy through the photovoltaic effect. It mainly consists of three parts: solar panels (modules), controllers and inverters, and the main components are composed of electronic components. Solar panels convert light energy into electrical energy through the photovoltaic effect at the semiconductor interface.

[0004] However, traditional ground photovoltaic power generation has high requirements for topography and landforms. It is difficult to adapt to areas with average geographical conditions (such as areas with large areas of water or mountains), which makes site selection difficult or even impossible to build. In addition, the installation of photovoltaic panels requires a certain amount of land, which may cause land use conflicts in areas with tight land resources. In addition, photovoltaic panels may also affect the agricultural, ecological and other utilization values ​​of the land.

[0005] Floating offshore photovoltaics is a power generation method that installs photovoltaic modules on a floating body on the water surface. The purpose is to reduce the occupation of land resources and use the high sunshine and open space on the ocean surface to improve power generation efficiency. However, the offshore environment is complex, and wind and seawater corrosion may cause damage to solar panels and equipment. More powerful engineering and materials are needed to ensure the stability and reliability of the system, and maintenance is difficult. Offshore photovoltaics require the construction of stable infrastructure, such as offshore wind turbines and transmission lines, which are expensive; and the impact on the marine ecosystem still needs to be considered.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an aerial floating photovoltaic power generation system and a maintenance method. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to overcome the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an aerial floating photovoltaic power generation system and maintenance method. It adopts a floating design and can be built over complex terrains such as water areas and mountains that are not suitable for building ground photovoltaic power stations, thereby greatly expanding the available space.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an aerial floating photovoltaic power generation system, comprising a photovoltaic panel, a floating device and a supporting mechanism; the floating device is arranged on the supporting mechanism, and the photovoltaic panel is installed on the floating device;

[0009] The floating device comprises a floating block, which comprises an outer shell, an inner liner and an inflation interface; the inner liner is divided into a plurality of air bags by a diaphragm, the inflation interface is arranged on the air bags, and the air bags are detachably connected to the outer shell.

[0010] The present invention is further configured as follows: the airbag is made of low-elasticity sunscreen polymer material, and two sunscreen adhesive strips are evenly pasted on the bottom of the airbag. The adhesive strips are used to detect the airbag pressure.

[0011] The present invention is further configured such that: the detachable connection is a snap connection.

[0012] The present invention is further configured as follows: a plurality of photovoltaic panel mounting holes are provided on the inner ring of the outer shell for fixing the photovoltaic panel on the inner shell inside the outer shell.

[0013] The present invention is further configured as follows: the aerial floating photovoltaic power generation system further includes a cable, a generator and a DC junction box; the cable connects the photovoltaic panel and the generator, and the DC junction box is arranged between the photovoltaic panel and the generator to gather the cables on multiple floating blocks, thereby reducing the number of cables in the system and the complexity of wiring, and facilitating centralized management and subsequent transmission of DC current.

[0014] The present invention is further configured as follows: a plurality of connection holes are arranged on the outer ring of the shell for connecting the floating devices; and carbon fiber ropes are passed through the connection holes to flexibly connect the plurality of floating devices into a whole.

[0015] The present invention is further configured as follows: the support mechanism includes a plurality of structural columns and a plurality of foundations, the foundations are arranged underground, the structural columns are installed above the foundations, steel hanging rings are pre-embedded on the structural columns, and the steel hanging rings are connected between the structural columns by galvanized steel cables.

[0016] The present invention is further configured as follows: the floating device is connected to the galvanized steel cable through a carbon fiber rope.

[0017] The present invention is further configured as follows: the DC collector box is installed on the structural column.

[0018] The present invention is further configured such that: the foundation adopts a ground anchor, a gravity foundation or an anti-pullout foundation.

[0019] The present invention also includes a method for repairing an aerial floating photovoltaic power generation system, which is used in conjunction with the aerial floating photovoltaic power generation system and includes the following steps:

[0020] S1: Use the distance measuring device to detect the sag value of the floating device. When the detected sag value exceeds the preset sag value H, enter step S2, otherwise detect the next maintenance area; the preset sag value is calculated by the following formula:

[0021] H=H j +0.8×20%

[0022] Among them, H j is the sag value of the floating device at completion, in meters;

[0023] S2: A high-definition camera is set in the maintenance area to collect images of the floating device 200; and the image data is transmitted to the intelligent detection system in real time, wherein the intelligent detection system includes an image recognition system;

[0024] S3: The image recognition system identifies and analyzes the wrinkle height of the rubber strip at the bottom of each airbag on the floating device;

[0025] If the height of the rubber strip wrinkle is less than 1mm, no replacement is required; if the height of the rubber strip wrinkle is greater than or equal to 1mm and less than 2mm, mark the airbag and increase the frequency of subsequent inspections; if the height of the rubber strip wrinkle is greater than or equal to 2mm, replace the airbag.

[0026] In summary, the beneficial effects of the above technical solution of the present invention are as follows:

[0027] 1. The present invention adopts a floating design and can be built over complex terrains such as waters and mountains that are not suitable for building ground photovoltaic power stations, greatly expanding the available space. For example, it can be arranged above farmland, without occupying precious land resources and causing no damage to the local ecological environment. In contrast, conventional photovoltaic power stations usually require a large area of ​​flat land. In areas with tight land resources, it is difficult to obtain suitable construction land, and it may conflict with other uses such as agriculture and ecology.

[0028] 2. The floating device itself is composed of independent airbags, which are used to form floating blocks, and then the floating blocks are used to form a modular assembly method of floating block groups, which makes the installation process simpler and faster, and convenient for installation and maintenance. Each floating block unit in the floating device can be prefabricated, and the construction speed is fast. The present invention can realize the construction of photovoltaic stations in most areas, and can form floating block combinations of different sizes according to different requirements to meet power generation requirements.

[0029] 3. The overall structure of the device is simple, the floating block is compactly designed, the supporting mechanism occupies a small area, and the land utilization rate is high. In addition, the floating block is light, and the static bearing capacity of the supporting mechanism is small, which can reduce the cost of infrastructure construction and land pressure.

[0030] 4. The present invention also provides a maintenance method combined with an intelligent image recognition system for the aerial floating photovoltaic power generation system. The method can automatically identify the wrinkle degree of the rubber strip at the bottom of the airbag through the image to judge the working status of the airbag, thereby greatly reducing the workload and cost of maintenance and inspection, and improving the accuracy and efficiency of the inspection and inspection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for describing the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the aerial floating photovoltaic power generation system.

[0033] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the floating block structure.

[0034] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the airbag structure.

[0035] Figure 4 This is a bird's-eye view of the floating photovoltaic power generation system.

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the buckle.

[0037] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are listed as follows:

[0038] 100. Photovoltaic panel, 200. Floating device, 201. Shell, 202. Airbag, 203. Buckle, 204. Photovoltaic panel mounting hole, 205. Connection hole, 206. Rubber strip, 207. Inflatable interface, 300. Support mechanism, 301. Structural column, 302. Pull-out pile, 303. Cap, 400. Carbon fiber rope, 500. DC junction box, 600. Galvanized steel cable. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, other similar embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work should all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, the directional words mentioned in the following embodiments, such as "up", "down", "left", "right", etc., are only reference to the directions of the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the directional words used are used to illustrate rather than limit the invention.

[0040] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used in the specification of the present invention herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0041] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0042] Embodiment 1:

[0043] like Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, it is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an aerial floating photovoltaic power generation system, comprising a photovoltaic panel 100, a floating device 200 and a supporting mechanism 300; the floating device 200 is arranged on the supporting mechanism 300, and the photovoltaic panel 100 is installed on the floating device 200;

[0044] Combination Figure 1-Figure 3 The floating device 200 shown in the figure includes a floating block, which includes an outer shell 201, an inner liner and an inflation interface 207; the inner liner is divided into a plurality of air bags 202 by a diaphragm, and the inflation interface 207 is arranged on the air bags 202, and the air bags 202 are detachably connected to the outer shell 201 by a buckle 203. In this embodiment, the buckle 203 is as shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown, it includes two snap belts, one of which is provided with a mother buckle, and the other is provided with a sub buckle. The two snap belts are respectively provided on two structures that need to be connected, and are connected by snapping the mother buckle and the sub buckle.

[0045] In order to reduce the loss of air leakage, the inner liner is divided into multiple 0.2x0.2m airbags 202 by a diaphragm, and an inflation interface 207 is left on the airbag 202. Two 1cm wide and 0.1mm thick red sunscreen adhesive strips 206 are evenly pasted on the bottom of the airbag 202 as the basis for air pressure detection of the airbag 202; the airbag 202 is made of low-elasticity sunscreen polymer material, and the rated pressure after inflation is 0.2Mpa, that is, two atmospheres, to ensure that the expansion volume of the airbag 202 meets the buoyancy requirements under various weather conditions. In this embodiment, the floating block is designed as an elliptical ring structure to ensure optimal stability and efficiency. The airbag 202 obtains buoyancy by filling it with helium, nitrogen or other gases.

[0046] Since the floating device 200 itself is composed of independent air bags 202 to form a floating block, and the modular assembly method of the floating block group composed of floating blocks makes the installation process simpler and faster, without the need for complex large-scale construction equipment. In terms of maintenance, the staff can choose sunny and windless weather every month to measure the sag of the 5x8 floating block array. If the sag exceeds 20% of the completion 0.8m, the floating block will be inspected. During the inspection, the red rubber strip 206 at the bottom of the air bag is observed. If the rubber strip 206 has obvious wrinkles of about 1mm or more, it means that the pressure of the air bag 202 is low, and it is necessary to remove and replace the new air bag 202; the replaced air bag 202 is inflated and tested for pressure bearing with a 5kg weight. After 24 hours, the weight is removed to detect that the pressure of the air bag does not exceed 0.5%, then the air bag 202 is re-sticked with a rubber strip and converted into a spare part, otherwise it is scrapped. In contrast, the installation of conventional photovoltaic power stations requires large-scale foundation construction and equipment installation, which consumes time and manpower. In addition, dust and weeds on the ground can easily affect the normal operation of the equipment, increasing the workload and cost of maintenance.

[0047] It should be noted that the floating block can be designed into shapes other than an elliptical shape, and stability can be ensured by reasonably distributing the fixing points and adjusting the internal gas pressure distribution.

[0048] The inner circle of the housing 201 is provided with a plurality of photovoltaic panel mounting holes 204 for fixing the photovoltaic panel 100 on the inner liner inside the housing 201. The photovoltaic panel 100 can be detachably mounted on the floating block by passing through the photovoltaic panel mounting holes 204 via structures such as connecting ropes, buckles or bolts.

[0049] The photovoltaic panel 100 can use the lightweight half-cell component DAS-LH132PA, which not only reduces the weight of the system, but also facilitates the load-bearing of the floating device 200. Alternatively, the lightweight and efficient photovoltaic panel of the DAS-LH156PA model can be selected, whose single-piece size is 2278×1134, with higher photoelectric conversion efficiency, and can generate more electricity under the same area. Alternatively, a whole-piece lightweight photovoltaic panel, such as DAS-FL180, can be used. Although it is a whole-piece, it uses new materials, is relatively light in weight, and has good power generation performance. The size can be adjusted according to the actual load-bearing capacity of the floating device.

[0050] The aerial floating photovoltaic power generation system also includes cables, generators and a DC junction box 500; the cables connect the photovoltaic panel 100 and the generator, and the DC junction box 500 is arranged between the photovoltaic panel 100 and the generator, and is used to gather the cables on multiple floating blocks. The DC junction box 500 is fixed to the structural column 301 by means of a clamp installation, and the grounding terminal on the DC junction box 500 is connected to a reliable grounding system using a dedicated grounding wire. Reduce the number of cables in the system and the complexity of wiring, and facilitate centralized management and subsequent transmission of DC current. Cables should be resistant to aging, wear and high voltage.

[0051] The support mechanism 300 includes a plurality of structural columns 301 and a plurality of foundations. The structural columns 301 are installed above the foundations. Steel hanging rings are embedded in the structural columns 301. The structural columns 301 are connected to the steel hanging rings by galvanized steel cables 600. The DC junction box 500 is installed on the structural columns 301. The foundation is set underground, and a pull-out resistant foundation is preferred. The pull-out resistant foundation includes a cap 303 and pull-out resistant piles 302. The floating photovoltaic power generation system generates buoyancy, and a foundation type with pull-out resistant function should be used as the support and anchoring system. The use of pull-out resistant piles 302 has a wide range of applicability and a significant pull-out resistant effect.

[0052] The structural columns of this embodiment are four φ400 concrete structural columns with a concrete strength of C30. The middle of each structural column 301 is connected by a φ10mm galvanized steel cable 600. Each floating block is connected to the structural column 301 or the galvanized steel cable 600 using a φ5mm carbon fiber rope 400, forming a stable horizontal support system that can meet the requirements in various weather conditions.

[0053] Under the structural column, a φ500 pull-out concrete prefabricated pile is set, including a cap 303 and a pull-out pile 302, to provide bearing capacity and pull-out resistance, of which the most important is pull-out resistance. In this embodiment, the specifications of the floating device 200 and the photovoltaic panel 100 on the floating device 200 are 6x13. According to the wind pressure of 0.5KN / m2 and the height of 4 meters, the wind pressure borne by the floating device 200 is 2.1KN, and the wind pressure borne by the photovoltaic panel 100 is 163.8KN, that is, the pull-out resistance required by the pull-out pile should be ≥165KN. According to the local geological conditions, the effective pile length of the pull-out pile 302 can be calculated. Under general geological conditions, the length of the pull-out pile 302 should be ≥10m, that is, it meets the pull-out resistance requirements of the aerial floating photovoltaic power generation system.

[0054] Combination Figure 4As shown, the outer ring of the shell 201 is provided with a plurality of connection holes 205, and the carbon fiber rope 400 passes through the connection holes 205 to flexibly connect the plurality of floating devices 200 into a whole. Then, the carbon fiber rope 400 is connected to the galvanized steel cable 600 between the structural column 301 through the connection holes on the integral outer ring floating device.

[0055] Embodiment 2:

[0056] An aerial floating photovoltaic power generation system, which differs from Example 1 in that the foundation of the support mechanism in this embodiment uses a ground anchor as a basic anchoring structure. The ground anchor provides pull-out resistance through the friction between the anchor rod deep underground and the surrounding soil, and the appropriate anchor rod type and length can be selected according to the geological conditions and the size of the buoyancy. During construction, geological surveys and anchor rod tension tests are carried out to ensure the stability of the ground anchor.

[0057] Embodiment 3:

[0058] An aerial floating photovoltaic power generation system, which differs from the embodiment 1 in that the foundation of the support mechanism in the embodiment adopts a gravity foundation, which resists buoyancy by increasing the deadweight of the foundation. The foundation is constructed of materials such as concrete or masonry, and the appropriate foundation volume and weight need to be calculated according to the buoyancy and geological conditions.

[0059] Embodiment 4:

[0060] A method for repairing an aerial floating photovoltaic power generation system, used in conjunction with the aerial floating photovoltaic power generation system described in Example 1, comprises the following steps:

[0061] S1: Use the distance measuring device to detect the sag value of the floating device 200. When the detected sag value exceeds the preset sag value H, enter step S2, otherwise detect the next maintenance area; the preset sag value is calculated by the following formula:

[0062] H=H j +0.8×20%

[0063] Among them, H j is the sag value of the floating device 200 upon completion, in meters;

[0064] S2: A high-definition camera is set in the maintenance area to collect images of the floating device 200; and the image data is transmitted in real time to the intelligent detection system, which includes an image recognition system; the high-definition camera collects images of the entire floating device 200, captures the overall appearance of each floating block, the connection between each floating block, and the surrounding environment from different angles, and transmits the image data in real time to the image recognition system.

[0065] S3: The image recognition system identifies and analyzes the wrinkle height of the rubber strip 206 at the bottom of each airbag 202 on the floating block;

[0066] If the wrinkle height of the adhesive strip 206 is less than 1 mm, the overall appearance of the adhesive strip 206 is substantially flat without obvious distortion or deformation. In this case, the pressure of the airbag 202 is within a normal acceptable range, and the airbag 202 does not need to be processed.

[0067] If the height of the wrinkle of the rubber strip 206 is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than 2 mm, the wrinkle may appear in a local area of ​​the rubber strip 206. The continuity of the rubber strip 206 is not seriously damaged, but there is a certain degree of deformation. In this case, it is necessary to mark the airbag 202, increase the frequency of subsequent inspections, pay close attention to the pressure changes of the airbag 202, and conduct another inspection within a certain period.

[0068] If the height of the wrinkles of the rubber strip 206 is greater than or equal to 2 mm, and the wrinkles are widely distributed, the rubber strip 206 may be significantly twisted or broken, which seriously affects the sealing performance of the rubber strip 206. In this case, it can be directly determined that the pressure of the airbag 202 is low and it is necessary to remove and replace the new airbag 202. At the same time, the replaced airbag 202 is further inspected. At the same time, the intelligent inspection system will record the location information, wrinkle degree and other detailed data of each problematic airbag 202, and store them in association with the corresponding images for easy subsequent query and analysis.

[0069] For the replaced airbag 202, it is first inflated and then placed on a specially designed 5kg weight pressure test device for testing. During the 24-hour pressure test, multiple cameras set up around the test device continuously collect image information of the airbag 202 under pressure, including deformation of the surface of the airbag 202, the state of the contact part with the weight, etc. When the weight is removed after 24 hours, the pressure of the airbag 202 is measured again by a high-precision pressure sensor, and the pressure data is transmitted to the intelligent detection system. If the pressure change does not exceed 0.5%, the airbag 202 is re-adhered to the tape and marked as a spare part for storage; if the pressure change exceeds 0.5%, the system determines that the airbag 202 is scrapped and records all the data of this test (including images during the pressure process, pressure change curves, etc.) as a basis for analysis.

[0070] Finally, it should be noted that the above content is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, rather than to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Simple modifications or equivalent substitutions of the technical solution of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field do not deviate from the essence and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An aerial floating photovoltaic power generation system, characterized in that: It comprises a photovoltaic panel, a floating device and a supporting mechanism; the floating device is arranged on the supporting mechanism, and the photovoltaic panel is installed on the floating device; The floating device comprises a floating block, which comprises an outer shell, an inner liner and an inflation interface; the inner liner is divided into a plurality of air bags by a diaphragm, the inflation interface is arranged on the air bags, and the air bags are detachably connected to the outer shell.

2. The aerial floating photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two sun-proof adhesive strips are evenly pasted on the bottom of the airbag.

3. The aerial floating photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The detachable connection is a snap connection.

4. The aerial floating photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner circle of the shell is provided with a plurality of photovoltaic panel mounting holes for fixing the photovoltaic panel on the inner container inside the shell.

5. The aerial floating photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer ring of the shell is provided with a plurality of connection holes for connecting the floating devices; carbon fiber ropes are passed through the connection holes to flexibly connect a plurality of floating devices into a whole.

6. The aerial floating photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The aerial floating photovoltaic power generation system also includes cables, generators and a DC junction box; the cables connect the photovoltaic panels and the generators, and the DC junction box is arranged between the photovoltaic panels and the generators to gather the cables on multiple floating blocks.

7. The aerial floating photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The support mechanism includes a plurality of structural columns and a plurality of foundations, wherein the foundations are arranged underground, the structural columns are installed above the foundations, steel hanging rings are embedded in the structural columns, and the steel hanging rings are connected between the structural columns by galvanized steel cables; The DC collector box is installed on the structural column.

8. The air floating photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The floating device is connected to the galvanized steel cable through a carbon fiber rope.

9. The aerial floating photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The foundation adopts ground anchor, gravity foundation or anti-pullout foundation.

10. A method for repairing an aerial floating photovoltaic power generation system, characterized in that: Used in conjunction with an aerial floating photovoltaic power generation system as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, The following steps are involved: S1: Use the distance measuring device to detect the sag value of the floating device. When the detected sag value exceeds the preset sag value H, enter step S2, otherwise detect the next maintenance area; the preset sag value is calculated by the following formula: H=H j +0.8×20% Among them, H j is the sag value of the floating device at completion, in meters; S2: A high-definition camera is set in the maintenance area to collect images of the floating device 200; and the image data is transmitted to the intelligent detection system in real time, wherein the intelligent detection system includes an image recognition system; S3: The image recognition system identifies and analyzes the wrinkle height of the rubber strip at the bottom of each airbag on the floating device; If the height of the rubber strip wrinkle is less than 1mm, no replacement is required; if the height of the rubber strip wrinkle is greater than or equal to 1mm and less than 2mm, mark the airbag and increase the frequency of subsequent inspections; if the height of the rubber strip wrinkle is greater than or equal to 2mm, replace the airbag.

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