Supporting and positioning device for casting blank

Abstract

The invention discloses a supporting and positioning device for casting a blank, which solves the problems of inaccurate positioning, high rejection rate and low processing efficiency of the existing machining equipment, and specifically comprises a base, and a pre-positioning mechanism and a final positioning mechanism which are arranged on the base, the pre-positioning mechanism comprises an axial pre-positioning module, a radial pre-positioning module, an elastic supporting module and an elastic compression module; the elastic supporting module is arranged in the middle of the base and elastically connected with the base. The axial pre-positioning module and the radial pre-positioning module are respectively arranged above the elastic supporting module; the elastic compression module is arranged at the right front end of the elastic support module; the final positioning mechanism comprises a radial fixed positioning module, an expansion type anti-rotation positioning module and a fixed supporting and clamping module; the radial fixing and positioning module is arranged at the front end of the left side of the elastic supporting module. The expansion type anti-rotation positioning module is arranged in the middle of the right side of the elastic supporting module. The fixed supporting and clamping modules are distributed on the left side and the right side of the elastic supporting module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a casting blank, and in particular to a supporting and positioning device for the casting blank. Background Art

[0002] Casting blanks are widely used in the blank production process of the manufacturing industry. Low cost and high flexibility are its biggest process characteristics. Based on this process characteristic, the blank forming of automobile transmission housing adopts casting process technology in large quantities. However, while the casting process has outstanding advantages, it also has major disadvantages. The most typical one is that the size consistency of the casting blank is poor and the deformation is greater than other casting process methods. Such problems cause great troubles in the formulation of process plans in mechanical processing, as follows:

[0003] ① During the machining process, the larger end face of the casting blank is used for positioning, and the large end face is deformed greatly, which may cause the functional structure of the product in the subsequent processes to be unable to be processed completely;

[0004] ② The center hole of the casting blank is used for positioning during machining. Since the casting blank has more pouring and riser openings at this position, the blank is difficult to clean, the machining positioning accuracy is poor, the hole position needs to be adjusted for each piece, and the processing efficiency is low;

[0005] ③ During the machining process, the casting blank is positioned in shape. Since the blank at non-specific parts is deformed greatly and the blank size consistency is poor, the machining positioning is inaccurate and the scrap rate is high;

[0006] ④ The manufacturing mode of horizontal single machine line cannot be adopted during the machining process. The process arrangement is complicated, the loading and unloading time of workpieces is long, and the processing efficiency is low.

[0007] A Chinese patent with publication number CN102106061A discloses a method for manufacturing an electric motor and an electric motor for a hybrid vehicle, wherein a housing foam part is manufactured by designing a casting process so as to achieve maximum flexibility in various pre-defined interfaces. At the same time, by using separate foam parts and bonding processes, a modular variant design can be achieved, thereby saving the cost of manufacturing molds. In addition, by changing the axial length of the separate foam parts of the annular sheet and / or changing the axial length of the separate foam parts of the bearing cover sheet, the length of the housing can be flexibly adjusted without having to change the mold for manufacturing the separate foam parts of the intermediate sheet. By using separate foam parts of the annular sheet, the complete basic geometry of the cooling channel can be achieved, thereby avoiding possible sources of failure. Through these technical means, the manufacturing efficiency and flexibility of the motor housing can be improved. However, when this method is used, the positioning of the housing is inaccurate, the scrap rate is high, and the processing efficiency is low. Summary of the invention

[0008] In order to solve the technical problems of inaccurate positioning, high scrap rate and low processing efficiency of existing machining equipment in the prior art, the present invention provides a supporting and positioning device for casting blanks.

[0009] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0010] A supporting and positioning device for casting blanks, which is special in that it comprises a base and a pre-positioning mechanism and a final positioning mechanism arranged on the base;

[0011] The base is used to be connected to a machine tool workbench for processing the casting blank;

[0012] The pre-positioning mechanism comprises an axial pre-positioning module, a radial pre-positioning module, an elastic support module and an elastic compression module;

[0013] Definition: One side of the elastic support module is the left side, and the other side is the right side;

[0014] The elastic support module is arranged in the middle of the base and is elastically connected to the base; the axial pre-positioning module and the radial pre-positioning module are respectively arranged above the elastic support module, and are respectively used to support the bottom ends of the casting blank to be processed; the elastic compression module is arranged at the right front end of the elastic support module, and is used to press the front end top of the casting blank to be processed;

[0015] The final positioning mechanism includes a radial fixed positioning module, an expansion anti-rotation positioning module and a fixed support clamping module;

[0016] The radial fixed positioning module is arranged at the left front end of the elastic support module, and is used for radial positioning of the cast blank to be processed; the expansion anti-rotation positioning module is arranged in the middle of the right side of the elastic support module, and is used to prevent the cast blank to be processed from rotating; the fixed support clamping module is distributed on the left and right sides of the elastic support module, and is used to support and clamp the cast blank to be processed.

[0017] Further, the elastic support module includes a pre-positioning support plate arranged in parallel above the base, and a first guide mechanism and two second guide mechanisms; the first guide mechanism and the two second guide mechanisms are arranged between the base and the pre-positioning support plate;

[0018] The top surface of the pre-positioning support plate is provided with a support column;

[0019] The first guide mechanism comprises a guide seat fixedly mounted on the base and a guide sleeve fixedly mounted on the bottom of the pre-positioning support plate, as well as a first compression spring and a first guide bolt; the guide sleeve is sleeved on the upper end of the guide seat and is clearance-matched with the guide seat; a first step hole is provided in the guide seat, and its step surface faces upward; a first guide column is installed in the first step hole; the first guide column comprises a first small diameter section and a first large diameter section coaxially connected; the first small diameter section is threadedly connected to the small hole of the first step hole; the first large diameter section is located in the large hole of the first step hole; the first compression spring is sleeved between the outer wall of the first large diameter section and the inner wall of the large hole of the first step hole, the upper end of the first compression spring contacts the inner top surface of the guide sleeve, and the lower end contacts the step surface of the first step hole; the lower end of the first guide bolt is coaxially fixedly connected to the first guide column, and its upper end is vertically penetrated into the guide sleeve and the pre-positioning support plate, and is clearance-matched with the guide sleeve and the pre-positioning support plate;

[0020] The two second guide mechanisms are arranged on both sides of the first guide mechanism; the second guide mechanism includes an auxiliary guide seat and an auxiliary second guide column; the auxiliary guide seat is fixedly installed on the base; the upper end of the auxiliary second guide column is vertically fixed to the pre-positioning support plate, and the lower end thereof is gap-matched with the auxiliary guide seat.

[0021] Further, the axial pre-positioning module comprises an axial pre-positioning rectangular seat, a second compression spring, a first guide pin, a first positioning pin and two second guide bolts;

[0022] The pre-positioning support plate is provided with a second step hole with the step surface facing upward and two third step holes with the step surface facing downward;

[0023] The axial pre-positioning rectangular seat is located above the pre-positioning support plate, and its rectangular groove opening faces upward, and is used to support the bottom of the rear end of the casting blank to be processed;

[0024] The upper end of the first guide pin is fixedly connected to the axial pre-positioning rectangular seat, and the lower end thereof passes through the large hole of the second step hole and is gap-matched with the small hole of the second step hole;

[0025] The second compression spring is sleeved outside the first guide pin, with its upper end in contact with the bottom surface of the axial pre-positioning rectangular seat, and its lower end in contact with the step surface of the second step hole;

[0026] The upper end of the first positioning pin is fixedly connected to the axial pre-positioning rectangular seat, and the lower end thereof is penetrated into the pre-positioning support plate and has a clearance fit with the pre-positioning support plate;

[0027] The two second guide bolts are respectively located on both sides of the first guide pin and the first positioning pin, and are respectively arranged corresponding to the two third step holes; the tail of the second guide bolt is fixedly connected to the axial pre-positioning rectangular seat, the head thereof is gap matched with the large hole of the corresponding third step hole, and the middle part is gap matched with the small hole of the corresponding third step hole.

[0028] Further, the radial pre-positioning module comprises a radial pre-positioning V-shaped seat, a second positioning pin, a third compression spring, a second guide pin and two third guide bolts;

[0029] The pre-positioning support plate is also provided with a fourth step hole with a step surface facing upward and two fifth step holes with a step surface facing downward;

[0030] The radial pre-positioning V-shaped seat is located above the pre-positioning support plate, with its V-shaped groove opening facing upward, and is used to support the bottom of the front end of the casting blank to be processed;

[0031] The upper end of the second guide pin is fixedly connected to the radial pre-positioning V-shaped seat, and the lower end thereof passes through the large hole of the fourth step hole and is gap-matched with the small hole of the fourth step hole;

[0032] The third compression spring is sleeved outside the second guide pin, with its upper end in contact with the bottom surface of the radial pre-positioning V-shaped seat, and its lower end in contact with the step surface of the fourth step hole;

[0033] The upper end of the second positioning pin is fixedly connected to the radial pre-positioning V-shaped seat, and the lower end thereof is inserted into the pre-positioning support plate and has a clearance fit with the pre-positioning support plate;

[0034] The two third guide bolts are respectively located on both sides of the second positioning pin and the second guide pin, and are respectively arranged corresponding to the two fifth step holes; the tail of the third guide bolt is fixedly connected to the radial pre-positioning V-shaped seat, the head thereof is gap matched with the large hole of the corresponding fifth step hole, and the middle portion is gap matched with the small hole of the corresponding fifth step hole.

[0035] Further, the elastic compression module includes a fourth compression spring, a long rotating arm, a rotating cylinder, a rotating cylinder support seat and a tightening bolt;

[0036] The rotating cylinder support seat is fixedly mounted on the base;

[0037] The rotary cylinder body is fixedly mounted on the rotary cylinder support seat, and its piston is vertically upward;

[0038] One end of the long rotating arm is vertically fixedly connected to the piston of the rotating cylinder;

[0039] The tightening bolt is vertically inserted into the other end of the long rotating arm, the middle part of which is in clearance fit with the long rotating arm, the tail nut and the head thereof are clamped on the upper and lower surfaces of the other end of the long rotating arm, and the head thereof is used to press the front end top of the casting blank to be processed;

[0040] The fourth compression spring is sleeved on the outer side of the middle part of the tightening bolt, the upper end of the fourth compression spring abuts against the bottom surface of the long rotating arm, and the lower end of the fourth compression spring abuts against the head of the tightening bolt.

[0041] Further, the radial fixing and positioning module comprises a radial fixing module positioning seat fixedly mounted on the base, a thruster support and a radial positioning block support arranged in parallel on the radial fixing module positioning seat, a first thruster installed in the thruster support, and a push-pull assembly installed in the radial positioning block support and coaxially arranged with the first thruster;

[0042] The radial positioning block support is provided with a sixth step hole whose axis is parallel to the base and whose step surface faces the thruster support;

[0043] The push-pull assembly includes a guide block, a push-pull block and at least three radial expansion sliders;

[0044] The guide block comprises a second large diameter section and a second small diameter section which are coaxially connected and have the same inner diameter, wherein the second large diameter section is installed in the large hole of the sixth step hole, and the second small diameter section passes through the small hole of the sixth step hole; the outer diameters of the second large diameter section and the second small diameter section are respectively matched with the gaps of the large hole and the small hole of the sixth step hole, and the step surface formed between the two can be matched with the step surface of the sixth step hole for limiting; the upper end surface cover of the second small diameter section is provided with an end surface cover;

[0045] The push-pull block is axially arranged in the guide block and has clearance fit with the guide block;

[0046] One end of the radial expansion slider is mounted on the side wall of the push-pull block, and the other end extends from the side wall of the second small diameter section and is gap-matched with the second small diameter section, so as to extend into the corresponding radial positioning inner hole on the cast blank to be processed and then be supported on the inner wall of the cast blank to be processed;

[0047] The action end of the first thruster is connected to the push-pull block.

[0048] Furthermore, the radial fixed positioning module further includes a limiting ring plate, a first push-pull rod, an adjusting ring plate and a fifth compression spring;

[0049] The limiting ring plate is installed on the end surface of the second large diameter section;

[0050] One end of the first push-pull rod is connected to the action end of the first propeller, and the other end extends from the center hole of the limiting ring plate into the second large diameter section and is fixedly connected to the push-pull block; a gap is provided between the first push-pull rod and the center hole of the limiting ring plate;

[0051] The adjusting ring plate is located between the limiting ring plate and the action end of the first thruster, and is threadedly sleeved outside the first push-pull rod, and its outer diameter is larger than the diameter of the center hole of the limiting ring plate;

[0052] The fifth compression spring is sleeved outside the first push-pull rod, one end of the fifth compression spring is in contact with the adjusting ring plate, and the other end of the fifth compression spring is in contact with the limiting ring plate.

[0053] Further, the expansion anti-rotation positioning module includes a dovetail slot seat arranged on the base, a dovetail slot block slidably connected to the top of the dovetail slot seat, a second thruster and an L-shaped guide plate mounted on the dovetail slot block, an expansion component mounted on the action end of the second thruster through a second push-pull rod, a third thruster mounted in the dovetail slot seat, and an L-shaped connecting block;

[0054] The expansion assembly includes an upper push rod, a lower push rod and a tension spring;

[0055] One end of the upper push rod and the lower push rod are rotatably connected to the second push-pull rod, so that the other ends of the upper push rod and the lower push rod can be opened and closed; the other ends of the upper push rod and the lower push rod are respectively equipped with rollers for closely contacting the rotation positioning reference on the casting blank to be processed;

[0056] The two ends of the tension spring are respectively connected to the upper push rod and the lower push rod;

[0057] One end of the L-shaped guide plate is fixedly connected to the dovetail groove block, and the other end is bent between the upper push rod and the lower push rod;

[0058] One end of the L-shaped connection block is fixedly connected to the dovetail groove block, and the other end is bent downward and connected to the action end of the third thruster.

[0059] Furthermore, the fixed support clamping module includes four low support components and one high support component; the four low support components are evenly distributed on the left and right sides of the elastic support module; the high support component is installed on the right side of the elastic support module;

[0060] The low support assembly comprises a low support seat fixedly mounted on the base and a first link type clamp mounted on the low support seat; the action end of the first link type clamp faces the casting blank to be processed;

[0061] The high support assembly comprises a high support seat fixedly mounted on the base and a second link type clamp mounted on the high support seat; the action end of the second link type clamp faces the casting blank to be processed.

[0062] Furthermore, it also includes an auxiliary support module, an anti-collision module and a basic hydraulic system module;

[0063] The auxiliary support module comprises a short support seat, a middle support seat and a long support seat respectively mounted on the base, a thin anti-collision cylinder mounted on the short support seat and two thick anti-collision cylinders respectively mounted on the middle support seat and the long support seat;

[0064] The short support seat is located on the right side of the elastic support module; the middle support seat and the long support seat are located on the left side of the elastic support module; the anti-collision ends of the thin anti-collision cylinder and the thick anti-collision cylinder are both facing the casting blank to be processed;

[0065] The anti-collision module includes a No. 1 anti-collision plate, a No. 2 anti-collision plate, a No. 3 anti-collision plate, a No. 4 anti-collision plate and a No. 5 anti-collision plate, all of which have their active ends facing the casting blank to be processed; the No. 1 anti-collision plate is installed on the upper end of the middle support seat; the No. 2 anti-collision plate is installed on the top of the long support seat; the No. 3 anti-collision plate is installed on the upper end of the dovetail groove block; the No. 4 anti-collision plate is installed on the dovetail groove seat; the No. 5 anti-collision plate is installed in the middle of the long support seat;

[0066] The basic hydraulic system module is used to provide hydraulic power to the rotary cylinder, the first thruster, the second thruster, the third thruster, the first connecting rod clamp, and the second connecting rod clamp respectively.

[0067] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0068] 1. The present invention provides a support and positioning device for casting blanks, which can realize the single-machine production line of the horizontal machining center for casting blanks, effectively reduce the processing time, improve work efficiency, and at the same time, the process method can provide flexibility for production arrangements.

[0069] 2. The present invention provides a supporting and positioning device for a casting blank, which adopts a combination of a pre-positioning structure and a final positioning structure during positioning, wherein the pre-positioning realizes the first step of positioning the casting blank and can provide a basic spatial position for the final positioning of the casting blank, and the final positioning realizes the final precise positioning of the casting blank. This positioning method can eliminate the influence on the positioning effect of the casting blank.

[0070] 3. The supporting and positioning device for casting blanks provided by the present invention adopts double rectangular supports and V-shaped supports in the pre-positioning structure, which can avoid the center deviation caused by unilateral shape positioning, that is, the centering is good.

[0071] 4. The present invention provides a supporting and positioning device for casting blanks. The final positioning adopts three-point external expansion positioning and eight-shaped movable positioning of upper and lower positioning rods, and is driven by a hydraulic cylinder. It can not only achieve high-precision final positioning, but also increase the system height and reduce the vibration caused by processing.

[0072] 5. The present invention provides a supporting and positioning device for casting blanks. The whole supporting and positioning device is hydraulically driven, with stable and reliable clamping force, and is easy to realize full automation transformation of the production line. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0073] Figure 1It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a supporting and positioning device for casting blanks of the present invention;

[0074] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of an axial pre-positioning module in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0075] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a radial pre-positioning module in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0076] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of an elastic support module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0077] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of an elastic compression module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0078] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of a radially fixed positioning module in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0079] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of an expansion anti-rotation positioning module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0080] Figure 8 yes Figure 1 Side view of

[0081] Fig. 9 yes Figure 1 Top view of the .

[0082] Figure Number:

[0083] 1-axial pre-positioning module, 11-axial pre-positioning rectangular seat, 12-second compression spring, 13-first guide pin, 14-first positioning pin, 15-second guide bolt;

[0084] 2- radial pre-positioning module, 21- radial pre-positioning V-shaped seat, 22- second positioning pin, 23- third compression spring, 24- second guide pin, 25- third guide bolt;

[0085] 3-elastic support module, 31-pre-positioning support plate, 32-guide sleeve, 33-guide seat, 34-first guide column, 35-first compression spring, 36-second guide column, 37-auxiliary guide seat, 38-support column, 39-first guide bolt;

[0086] 4-elastic compression module, 41-fourth compression spring, 42-long rotating arm, 43-rotating cylinder, 44-rotating cylinder support seat, 45-tightening bolt;

[0087] 5- radial fixed positioning module, 51- end cover, 52- radial expansion slider, 53- push-pull block, 54- guide block, 55- first push-pull rod, 56- limiting ring plate, 57- fifth compression spring, 58- adjusting ring plate, 59- radial positioning block support, 510- first thruster, 511- thruster support, 512- oil pipe joint, 514- radial fixed module positioning seat;

[0088] 6-expandable anti-rotation positioning module, 61-dovetail groove seat, 62-second propeller, 63-L-type connecting block, 64-dovetail groove block, 65-third propeller, 66-upper push rod, 67-lower push rod, 68-roller, 69-tension spring, 610-L-type guide plate, 611-connecting pin, 612-opening pin, 613-second push-pull rod;

[0089] 7-fixed support clamping module, 71-low support seat, 72-high support seat, 74-first link type clamp, 75-second link type clamp;

[0090] 8- auxiliary support module, 81- short support seat, 82- medium support seat, 83- long support seat, 85- thin anti-collision cylinder, 86- thick anti-collision cylinder;

[0091] The short support seat 81 is located on the right side of the elastic support module 3; the middle support seat 82 and the long support seat 83 are located on the left side of the elastic support module 3; the anti-collision ends of the thin anti-collision cylinder 85 and the thick anti-collision cylinder 86 are both facing the casting blank to be processed.

[0092] Anti-collision module 9:

[0093] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, the anti-collision module 9 includes a No. 1 anti-collision plate 91, a No. 2 anti-collision plate 92, a No. 3 anti-collision plate 93, a No. 4 anti-collision plate 94 and a No. 5 anti-collision plate 95, all of which have their active ends facing the casting blank to be processed.

[0094] The No. 1 anti-collision plate 91 is installed on the upper end of the middle support seat 82; the No. 2 anti-collision plate 92 is installed on the top of the long support seat 83; the No. 3 anti-collision plate 93 is installed on the upper end of the dovetail groove block 64; the No. 4 anti-collision plate 94 is installed on the dovetail groove seat 61; the No. 5 anti-collision plate 95 is installed in the middle of the long support seat 83.

[0095] Basic Hydraulic System Module 10:

[0096] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9As shown, the basic hydraulic system module 10 is used to provide hydraulic power to the rotary cylinder 43, the first thruster 510, the second thruster 62, the third thruster 65, the first connecting rod clamp 74, and the second connecting rod clamp 75. The basic hydraulic system module 10 includes a connecting valve, a connecting valve seat, a high-pressure pressure gauge, a pressure gauge seat, an accumulator, a sequence valve, a pressure reducing valve, a screw plug, etc.;

[0097] The connecting valve and the connecting valve seat are connected to the base 111 through the hexagon socket cylindrical head screw; the high-pressure pressure gauge is connected to the pressure gauge seat through threads, and the pressure gauge seat is connected to the base 111 through the hexagon socket cylindrical head screw; the accumulator is connected to the base 111 through the hexagon socket cylindrical head screw; the sequence valve is connected to the base 111 through the hexagon socket cylindrical head screw; the pressure reducing valve is connected to the base 111 through the hexagon socket cylindrical head screw; the screw plug is threadedly connected to the screw plug hole on the side of the base 111; the O-ring A cooperates with the low support seat 71, the high support seat 72, the short support seat 81, the middle support seat 82, the long support seat 83 and its base 111; the O-ring B cooperates with the pressure gauge seat and the base.

[0098] The base 111 is connected to the machine tool worktable through hexagon socket head screws and T-nuts; it is used to cooperate with the T-slot of the machine tool worktable through a directional key. The base 111 is also provided with a lifting eye screw, which is connected to the base 111 through a thread.

[0099] The working principle of the casting blank processing tooling is as follows:

[0100] First, the cast blank to be processed is gently placed on the pre-positioning support plate 31 of the elastic support module 3 by a special lifting device, wherein the three support columns 38 on the pre-positioning support plate 31 are in contact with the lower plane of the cast blank to be processed to achieve vertical pre-positioning; the axial pre-positioning rectangular seat 11 in the axial pre-positioning module 1 is in contact with two symmetrical reinforcing ribs at the oil hole on the cast blank to be processed, and the axial position of the cast blank to be processed can be fixed by the rectangular structure, the second compression spring 12, the first guide pin 13 and the connecting screws; the radial pre-positioning V-shaped seat 21 in the radial pre-positioning module 2 is in contact with the reinforcing ribs on the clutch side of the cast blank to be processed, and the radial position of the cast blank to be processed can be initially positioned by the V-shaped structure, the third compression spring 23, the second positioning pin 22 and the connecting screws. After pre-positioning, the center of the bearing hole of the blank is higher than the center of the end face cover 51 in the radial fixing positioning module 5;

[0101] Second, the oil pipe joint 512 is connected to the corresponding coupling valve, and the basic hydraulic system module is turned on. The working process is as follows:

[0102] 2.1. The rotating cylinder 43 in the elastic compression module 4 moves, which drives the long rotating arm 42, the fourth compression spring 41 and the tightening bolt 45 to rotate 90° and then move downward. When the head of the tightening bolt 45 contacts the cast blank to be processed, the cast blank to be processed moves downward under the downward force until the rotating cylinder 43 completes the movement stroke. If the center of the bearing hole of the cast blank to be processed is still 1.5mm higher than the center of the end face cover 51 in the radial fixing and positioning module 5 at this time, it is necessary to add an auxiliary gasket between the fourth compression spring 41 and the long rotating arm 42, and adjust the height difference between the two centers to be less than 1.5mm; if the center of the bearing hole of the cast blank to be processed is 1.5mm lower than the center of the end face cover 51 in the radial fixing and positioning module 5 at this time, adjust the tightening bolt 45 to adjust the height difference between the two centers to be less than 1.5mm, that is, the height difference between the two centers is required to be less than 1.5mm during work. This step completes the pre-positioning process of the cast blank to be processed.

[0103] 2.2. After the pre-positioning process is completed under hydraulic drive, when the oil pressure of the main oil circuit reaches 13MPa, the sequence valve and the pressure reducing valve controlling the radial fixed positioning module 5 in the basic hydraulic system module 10 are opened, and the first thruster 510 in the radial fixed positioning module 5 drives the first push-pull rod 55 to push and perform work under the action of the high-pressure hydraulic oil. During its installation, there is a compressed fifth compression spring 57 between the limit ring plate 56 and the guide block 54, so that the radial expansion slider 52 retreats into the rectangular groove on the side wall of the guide block 54. The first pusher 510 and the first push-pull rod 55 together push the guide block 54, the push-pull block 53, the end face cover 51, the radial expansion slider 52 and the limiting ring plate 56 to move along the radial positioning block support 59. When the step surface on the outer wall of the guide block 54 contacts the step surface inside the radial positioning block support 59, the guide block 54 and the end face cover 51 stop moving, and the push-pull block 53 still moves axially along the inner hole of the guide block 54 at this time. The radial expansion slider 52 stops axial movement and starts radial movement. When the radial expansion slider 52 contacts the radial positioning inner hole of the cast blank to be processed, all movements are stopped. At this time, the radial fixed positioning of the cast blank to be processed is completed.

[0104] 2.3. After the radial fixed positioning is completed under hydraulic drive, when the oil pressure of the main oil circuit reaches 14MPa, the sequence valve and the pressure reducing valve controlling the expansion anti-rotation positioning module 6 in the basic hydraulic system module 10 are opened. Under the action of the high-pressure hydraulic oil, one of the third thrusters 65 embedded in the dovetail groove seat 61 pushes the L-shaped connecting block 63, the dovetail groove block 64, the upper push rod 66, the lower push rod 67, the roller 68, the tension spring 69, the L-shaped guide plate 610, the connecting pin 611, the cotter pin 612 and the second push-pull rod 613 to move until the dovetail groove portion of the dovetail groove block 64 and the dovetail groove seat 61 is aligned. When the interference occurs, the movement stops. At this time, the upper push rod 66 and the roller 68 on the lower push rod 67 enter the positioning structure of the cast blank to be processed; when the oil pressure in the oil circuit reaches 15MPa, the sequence valve in the auxiliary oil circuit opens, and the second pusher 62 installed in the dovetail groove block 64 pushes the upper push rod 66, the lower push rod 67, the roller 68, the tension spring 69, the connecting pin 611, the cotter pin 612, and the second push-pull rod 613 to move until the rollers 68 on the upper push rod 66 and the lower push rod 67 are in close contact with the rotation positioning reference on the cast blank to be processed, that is, the movement stops, and the anti-rotation positioning of the cast blank to be processed is completed. After this step is completed, all the positioning processes of the cast blank to be processed are completed.

[0105] 2.4. After all the positioning of the cast blank to be processed is completed under hydraulic drive, when the oil pressure of the main oil circuit reaches 17MPa, the basic hydraulic system module 10 controls the sequential valves and pressure reducing valves of all auxiliary support modules 8 to work, and the thin anti-collision cylinder 85 and the thick anti-collision cylinder 86 are popped up under the action of hydraulic oil, and their caps are in close contact with the cast blank to be processed but do not generate active supporting force, which are used to support the cast blank to be processed and provide system rigidity.

[0106] 2.5. After the workpiece support is completed under hydraulic drive, when the oil pressure in the main oil circuit reaches 18MPa, the sequence valve and the pressure reducing valve 10 in the basic hydraulic system module control the fixed support clamping module 7 to work. Under the action of high-pressure hydraulic oil, the first link type clamp 74 and the second link type clamp 75 drive their pressure plates to work. When the head of the pressure plate contacts the surface of the cast blank to be processed, it stops moving. At this time, the positioning and clamping process of the cast blank to be processed is completed.

[0107] 2.6. After the positioning and clamping of the casting blank to be processed is completed, mechanical processing can be carried out according to CNC programming.

[0108] Compared with the traditional positioning structure, the radial fixed positioning module and the expansion anti-rotation positioning module in the present invention not only realize the precise positioning of the casting blank to be processed, but also due to the hydraulic drive, it can improve the rigidity of the clamping system and provide hardware support for improving the processing efficiency.

[0109] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A supporting and positioning device for casting blanks, characterized in that: It comprises a base (111) and a pre-positioning mechanism and a final positioning mechanism arranged on the base (111); The base (111) is used to be connected to a machine tool workbench for processing a casting blank; The pre-positioning mechanism comprises an axial pre-positioning module (1), a radial pre-positioning module (2), an elastic support module (3) and an elastic compression module (4); It is defined that one side of the elastic support module (3) is the left side, and the other side is the right side; The elastic support module (3) is arranged in the middle of the base (111) and is elastically connected to the base (111); the axial pre-positioning module (1) and the radial pre-positioning module (2) are respectively arranged above the elastic support module (3) and are respectively used to support the two ends of the bottom of the casting blank to be processed; the elastic compression module (4) is arranged at the front end of the right side of the elastic support module (3) and is used to press the top of the front end of the casting blank to be processed; The final positioning mechanism comprises a radial fixed positioning module (5), an expansion anti-rotation positioning module (6) and a fixed support clamping module (7); The radial fixed positioning module (5) is arranged at the front end of the left side of the elastic support module (3) and is used to radially position the cast blank to be processed; the expansion anti-rotation positioning module (6) is arranged at the middle of the right side of the elastic support module (3) and is used to prevent the cast blank to be processed from rotating; the fixed support clamping module (7) is distributed on the left and right sides of the elastic support module (3) and is used to support and clamp the cast blank to be processed.

2. The supporting and positioning device for casting blank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic support module (3) comprises a pre-positioning support plate (31) arranged in parallel above the base (111), and a first guide mechanism and two second guide mechanisms; the first guide mechanism and the two second guide mechanisms are arranged between the base (111) and the pre-positioning support plate (31); The top surface of the pre-positioning support plate (31) is provided with a support column (38); The first guide mechanism comprises a guide seat (33) fixedly mounted on the base (111), a guide sleeve (32) fixedly mounted on the bottom of the pre-positioning support plate (31), a first compression spring (35) and a first guide bolt (39); the guide sleeve (32) is sleeved on the upper end of the guide seat (33) and is clearance-matched with the guide seat (33); a first step hole is provided in the guide seat (33), and the step faces upward; a first guide column (34) is installed in the first step hole; the first guide column (34) comprises a first small diameter section and a first large diameter section coaxially connected; the first small diameter section The first large diameter section is threadedly connected to the small hole of the first step hole; the first large diameter section is located in the large hole of the first step hole; the first compression spring (35) is sleeved between the outer wall of the first large diameter section and the inner wall of the large hole of the first step hole, the upper end of the first compression spring (35) contacts the inner top surface of the guide sleeve (32), and the lower end thereof contacts the step surface of the first step hole; the lower end of the first guide bolt (39) is coaxially fixedly connected to the first guide column (34), and the upper end thereof is vertically penetrated into the guide sleeve (32) and the pre-positioning support plate (31), and is clearance-matched with the guide sleeve (32) and the pre-positioning support plate (31); The two second guide mechanisms are arranged on both sides of the first guide mechanism; the second guide mechanism comprises an auxiliary guide seat (37) and an auxiliary second guide column (36); the auxiliary guide seat (37) is fixedly mounted on the base (111); the upper end of the auxiliary second guide column (36) is vertically fixedly connected to the pre-positioning support plate (31), and the lower end thereof is clearance-matched with the auxiliary guide seat (37).

3. The supporting and positioning device for casting blank according to claim 2, characterized in that: The axial pre-positioning module (1) comprises an axial pre-positioning rectangular seat (11), a second compression spring (12), a first guide pin (13), a first positioning pin (14) and two second guide bolts (15); The pre-positioning support plate (31) is provided with a second step hole with the step surface facing upward and two third step holes with the step surfaces facing downward; The axial pre-positioning rectangular seat (11) is located above the pre-positioning support plate (31), with its rectangular slot opening facing upward, and is used to support the bottom of the rear end of the cast blank to be processed; The upper end of the first guide pin (13) is fixedly connected to the axial pre-positioning rectangular seat (11), and the lower end thereof passes through the large hole of the second step hole and is gap-matched with the small hole of the second step hole; The second compression spring (12) is sleeved outside the first guide pin (13), with its upper end in contact with the bottom surface of the axial pre-positioning rectangular seat (11), and its lower end in contact with the step surface of the second step hole; The upper end of the first positioning pin (14) is fixedly connected to the axial pre-positioning rectangular seat (11), and the lower end thereof is inserted into the pre-positioning support plate (31) and is loosely matched with the pre-positioning support plate (31); The two second guide bolts (15) are respectively located on both sides of the first guide pin (13) and the first positioning pin (14), and are respectively arranged corresponding to the two third step holes; the tail of the second guide bolt (15) is fixedly connected to the axial pre-positioning rectangular seat (11), the head of the second guide bolt (15) is gap-matched with the large hole of the corresponding third step hole, and the middle of the second guide bolt (15) is gap-matched with the small hole of the corresponding third step hole.

4. The supporting and positioning device for casting blank according to claim 2, characterized in that: The radial pre-positioning module (2) comprises a radial pre-positioning V-shaped seat (21), a second positioning pin (22), a third compression spring (23), a second guide pin (24) and two third guide bolts (25); The pre-positioning support plate (31) is also provided with a fourth step hole with the step surface facing upward and two fifth step holes with the step surface facing downward; The radial pre-positioning V-shaped seat (21) is located above the pre-positioning support plate (31), with its V-shaped groove opening facing upward, and is used to support the bottom of the front end of the casting blank to be processed; The upper end of the second guide pin (24) is fixedly connected to the radial pre-positioning V-shaped seat (21), and the lower end thereof passes through the large hole of the fourth step hole and is gap-matched with the small hole of the fourth step hole; The third compression spring (23) is sleeved outside the second guide pin (24), with its upper end in contact with the bottom surface of the radial pre-positioning V-shaped seat (21), and its lower end in contact with the step surface of the fourth step hole; The upper end of the second positioning pin (22) is fixedly connected to the radial pre-positioning V-shaped seat (21), and the lower end thereof is inserted into the pre-positioning support plate (31) and is loosely matched with the pre-positioning support plate (31); The two third guide bolts (25) are respectively located on both sides of the second positioning pin (22) and the second guide pin (24), and are respectively arranged corresponding to the two fifth step holes; the tail of the third guide bolt (25) is fixedly connected to the radial pre-positioning V-shaped seat (21), the head of the third guide bolt (25) is gap-matched with the large hole of the corresponding fifth step hole, and the middle of the third guide bolt is gap-matched with the small hole of the corresponding fifth step hole.

5. The supporting and positioning device for casting blank according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The elastic compression module (4) comprises a fourth compression spring (41), a long rotating arm (42), a rotating cylinder (43), a rotating cylinder support seat (44) and a tightening bolt (45); The rotating cylinder support seat (44) is fixedly mounted on the base (111); The cylinder body of the rotary cylinder (43) is fixedly mounted on a rotary cylinder support seat (44), and its piston is vertically upward; One end of the long rotating arm (42) is vertically fixedly connected to the piston of the rotating cylinder (43); The tightening bolt (45) is vertically inserted into the other end of the long rotating arm (42), the middle part of which is in clearance fit with the long rotating arm (42), the tail nut and the head thereof are clamped on the upper and lower surfaces of the other end of the long rotating arm (42), and the head thereof is used to press the front end top of the casting blank to be processed; The fourth compression spring (41) is sleeved on the outer side of the middle part of the tightening bolt (45), with its upper end abutting against the bottom surface of the long rotating arm (42) and its lower end abutting against the head of the tightening bolt (45).

6. The supporting and positioning device for casting blank according to claim 5, characterized in that: The radial fixing and positioning module (5) comprises a radial fixing module positioning seat (514) fixedly mounted on the base (111), a thruster support (511) and a radial positioning block support (59) arranged in parallel on the radial fixing module positioning seat (514), a first thruster (510) mounted in the thruster support (511), and a push-pull assembly mounted in the radial positioning block support (59) and coaxially arranged with the first thruster (510); The radial positioning block support (59) is provided with a sixth step hole whose axis is parallel to the base (111) and whose step surface faces the thruster support (511); The push-pull assembly comprises a guide block (54), a push-pull block (53) and at least three radial expansion sliders (52); The guide block (54) comprises a second large diameter section and a second small diameter section which are coaxially connected and have the same inner diameter, wherein the second large diameter section is installed in the large hole of the sixth step hole, and the second small diameter section passes through the small hole of the sixth step hole; the outer diameters of the second large diameter section and the second small diameter section are respectively matched with the gaps of the large hole and the small hole of the sixth step hole, and the step surface formed between the two can be matched with the step surface of the sixth step hole for limiting; the upper end cover of the second small diameter section is provided with an end surface cover (51); The push-pull block (53) is axially inserted into the guide block (54) and is clearance-matched with the guide block (54); One end of the radial expansion slider (52) is mounted on the side wall of the push-pull block (53), and the other end extends from the side wall of the second small diameter section and is gap-matched with the second small diameter section, so as to extend into the corresponding radial positioning inner hole on the cast blank to be processed and then be supported on the inner wall of the cast blank to be processed; The active end of the first propeller (510) is connected to the push-pull block (53).

7. The supporting and positioning device for casting blank according to claim 6, characterized in that: The radial fixed positioning module (5) further comprises a limiting ring plate (56), a first push-pull rod (55), an adjustment ring plate (58) and a fifth compression spring (57); The limiting ring plate (56) is installed on the end surface of the second large diameter section; One end of the first push-pull rod (55) is connected to the action end of the first propeller (510), and the other end extends from the center hole of the limiting ring plate (56) into the second large diameter section and is fixedly connected to the push-pull block (53); a gap is provided between the first push-pull rod (55) and the center hole of the limiting ring plate (56); The adjusting ring plate (58) is located between the limiting ring plate (56) and the action end of the first thruster (510), and is threadedly sleeved outside the first push-pull rod (55), and its outer diameter is larger than the diameter of the center hole of the limiting ring plate (56); The fifth compression spring (57) is sleeved outside the first push-pull rod (55), one end of which contacts the adjustment ring plate (58) and the other end of which contacts the limit ring plate (56).

8. The supporting and positioning device for casting blank according to claim 7, characterized in that: The expansion anti-rotation positioning module (6) comprises a dovetail groove seat (61) arranged on a base (111), a dovetail groove block (64) slidably connected to the dovetail groove seat (61), a second thruster (62) and an L-shaped guide plate (610) mounted on the dovetail groove block (64), an expansion component mounted on the action end of the second thruster (62) via a second push-pull rod (613), a third thruster (65) mounted in the dovetail groove seat (61), and an L-shaped connecting block (63); The expansion assembly includes an upper push rod (66), a lower push rod (67) and a tension spring (69); One end of the upper push rod (66) and the lower push rod (67) are rotatably connected to the second push-pull rod (613), so that the other ends of the upper push rod (66) and the lower push rod (67) can be opened and closed; the other ends of the upper push rod (66) and the lower push rod (67) are respectively installed with rollers (68) for closely contacting the rotation positioning reference on the casting blank to be processed; The two ends of the tension spring (69) are respectively connected to the upper push rod (66) and the lower push rod (67); One end of the L-shaped guide plate (610) is fixedly connected to the dovetail groove block (64), and the other end is bent between the upper push rod (66) and the lower push rod (67); One end of the L-shaped connection block (63) is fixedly connected to the dovetail groove block (64), and the other end is bent downward and connected to the action end of the third propeller (65).

9. The supporting and positioning device for casting blank according to claim 8, characterized in that: The fixed support clamping module (7) comprises four low support components and one high support component; The four low support components are evenly distributed on the left and right sides of the elastic support module (3); the high support component is installed on the right side of the elastic support module (3); The low support assembly comprises a low support seat (71) fixedly mounted on the base (111) and a first connecting rod type clamp (74) mounted on the low support seat (71); the active end of the first connecting rod type clamp (74) faces the casting blank to be processed; The high support assembly comprises a high support seat (72) fixedly mounted on a base (111) and a second link type clamp (75) mounted on the high support seat (72); the action end of the second link type clamp (75) faces the casting blank to be processed.

10. The supporting and positioning device for casting blank according to claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes an auxiliary support module (8), an anti-collision module (9) and a basic hydraulic system module (10); The auxiliary support module (8) comprises a short support seat (81), a middle support seat (82) and a long support seat (83) respectively mounted on the base (111), a thin anti-collision cylinder (85) mounted on the short support seat (81) and two thick anti-collision cylinders (86) respectively mounted on the middle support seat (82) and the long support seat (83); The short support seat (81) is located on the right side of the elastic support module (3); the middle support seat (82) and the long support seat (83) are located on the left side of the elastic support module (3); the anti-collision ends of the thin anti-collision cylinder (85) and the thick anti-collision cylinder (86) are both facing the cast blank to be processed; The anti-collision module (9) comprises a first anti-collision plate (91), a second anti-collision plate (92), a third anti-collision plate (93), a fourth anti-collision plate (94) and a fifth anti-collision plate (95), all of which have their active ends facing the cast blank to be processed; the first anti-collision plate (91) is installed on the upper end of the middle support seat (82); the second anti-collision plate (92) is installed on the top of the long support seat (83); the third anti-collision plate (93) is installed on the upper end of the dovetail groove block (64); the fourth anti-collision plate (94) is installed on the dovetail groove seat (61); and the fifth anti-collision plate (95) is installed in the middle of the long support seat (83); The basic hydraulic system module (10) is used to provide hydraulic power to the rotary cylinder (43), the first thruster (510), the second thruster (62), the third thruster (65), the first connecting rod clamp (74), and the second connecting rod clamp (75) respectively.

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