Special machine tool and method for disassembling locomotive axle box pull rod assembly

Abstract

The invention discloses a machine tool and method special for disassembling a locomotive axle box pull rod assembly, the machine tool comprises a support, displacement adjusting devices are symmetrically arranged on the support, and the displacement adjusting devices are movably connected with external driving equipment; one end of the lifting device is connected with the displacement adjusting device, and the other end is movably connected with the pull rod assembly; when the pull rod assembly is disassembled, the displacement adjusting device is driven by the external driving equipment to drive the lifting device, so that the pull rod assembly is separated from the locomotive axle box. Through the cooperation of the external driving equipment and the displacement adjusting device, the machine tool can rapidly and accurately position and adjust the pull rod assembly, and compared with traditional manual disassembly, the working efficiency is remarkably improved, and the time and labor intensity of manual operation are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of vehicle maintenance, and in particular relates to a special machine and method for disassembling axle box tie rod components of a locomotive. Background Art

[0002] The tie rod assembly on the axle box of a train locomotive is installed in the two trapezoidal grooves of the wheelset axle box body. During the long-term use of the locomotive, the tie rod assembly is subjected to large forces, which makes the core shaft of the tie rod assembly and the trapezoidal groove on the axle box body fit very tightly. During the maintenance of the locomotive wheelset, the tie rod assembly needs to be disassembled. During the disassembly process, due to the tight fit, it is necessary to manually knock with a copper hammer to separate the tie rod assembly from the trapezoidal groove.

[0003] However, since there are dozens of tie rod assemblies on a train, they all rely on manual pounding to dismantle them, which not only makes the workers' labor intensity high and the efficiency low, but also poses a risk of personal safety hazards during the pounding operation. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a special machine and method for disassembling axle box tie rod assemblies of a locomotive, so as to solve the technical defects in the prior art that, since there are dozens of tie rod assemblies on a train, they are all disassembled by manual hammering, which not only makes the labor intensity of the operators high and the efficiency low, but also poses a risk of personal safety hazards during the hammering operation.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, a special machine for disassembling axle box tie rod assembly of a locomotive is provided, comprising:

[0007] A bracket, on which a displacement adjustment device is symmetrically provided, and the displacement adjustment device is movably connected to an external driving device;

[0008] A lifting device, one end of which is connected to the displacement adjusting device, and the other end of which is movably connected to the pull rod assembly;

[0009] When the draw rod assembly is disassembled, the displacement adjusting device is driven by the external driving device to drive the lifting device so as to separate the draw rod assembly from the locomotive axle box.

[0010] Furthermore, the bracket is a hollow structure, and nut seats are provided at two opposite ends of the top of the bracket;

[0011] The displacement adjustment device comprises a first displacement adjustment component and a second displacement adjustment component, wherein the first displacement adjustment component and the second displacement adjustment component are both arranged in the nut seat and located at the top of the bracket and axially perpendicular to the bracket;

[0012] The lifting device comprises a first lifting assembly and a second lifting assembly, one end of the first lifting assembly is connected to the first displacement adjustment assembly, and the other end is movably connected to the pull rod assembly;

[0013] One end of the second lifting assembly is connected to the second displacement adjustment assembly, and the other end is also movably connected to the pull rod assembly.

[0014] Furthermore, the bracket has movable grooves on two opposite sides, and the two movable grooves are arranged at intervals and communicated with the inside of the bracket;

[0015] The first lifting assembly is installed in one of the movable slots, and the second lifting assembly is installed in the other movable slot;

[0016] The first displacement adjustment component is axially perpendicular to the first lifting component, and the second displacement adjustment component is axially perpendicular to the second lifting component;

[0017] When the first displacement adjustment component and the second displacement adjustment component are displaced toward the top of the bracket, they drive the first lifting component and the second lifting component to slide up and down in the movable groove.

[0018] Further, the first displacement adjustment assembly comprises a guide rod, a round washer and a nut, wherein the round washer and the nut are arranged at the end of the guide rod;

[0019] The first lifting assembly includes a pull plate and a pulling member, wherein the pull plate is arranged outside the guide rod and is limited by the round washer and the nut;

[0020] The two ends of the pulling member are movably connected with the two ends of the pulling plate.

[0021] Furthermore, the guide rod is a screw rod.

[0022] Furthermore, hooks are provided at two opposite ends of the pull plate, and two ends of the pulling member are suspended and connected to the hooks.

[0023] Furthermore, the pulling member is a chain or a steel wire rope.

[0024] Furthermore, a through hole is provided on the bracket, and the through hole matches with a screw hole on the locomotive axle box.

[0025] Furthermore, the diameter of the through hole is greater than the diameter of the screw hole.

[0026] In a second aspect, a method for disassembling a locomotive axle box tie rod assembly is provided, the method being performed using the special machine as described above, comprising:

[0027] Place the bracket on the plane of the trapezoidal groove of the axle box body, so that the bracket is connected to the screw hole in the trapezoidal groove;

[0028] Using a pulling piece, the cylindrical part of the pull rod assembly is brought into contact with the pull plate, and the pulling piece is wound around the pull rod assembly;

[0029] The displacement adjusting device is driven by an external driving device to drive the lifting device so as to separate the drawbar assembly from the locomotive axle box.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] 1. Through the cooperation of external drive equipment and displacement adjustment device, the machine can realize the rapid and accurate positioning and adjustment of the tie rod assembly, which significantly improves the work efficiency and reduces the time and labor intensity of manual operation compared with the traditional manual disassembly. At the same time, the use of special machines avoids direct contact between personnel and dangerous parts of the tie rod assembly and the locomotive axle box, thereby reducing the safety risks during the operation, ensuring the smooth progress of the disassembly process, and further ensuring the safety of the operators.

[0032] 2. The bracket adopts a hollow structure, which not only reduces the overall weight of the machine, but also improves its structural strength and stability, and can better disperse and withstand external forces, ensuring that the machine will not be deformed or damaged during the disassembly process. The setting of the nut seat and the installation of the first displacement adjustment component and the second displacement adjustment component in the nut seat enable the machine to have precise adjustment capabilities. By adjusting the two displacement adjustment components, the pull rod assembly can be precisely positioned in the horizontal and vertical directions, thereby ensuring the accuracy and efficiency of the disassembly process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a front view of the special machine for disassembling the locomotive axle box tie rod assembly proposed by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 A side view of the special machine for disassembling the locomotive axle box tie rod assembly proposed by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 A flow chart of the locomotive axle box tie rod assembly disassembly method proposed by the present invention;

[0037] Among them: 1. bracket; 2. nut seat; 3. guide rod; 4. pull plate; 5. round washer; 6. nut; 7. pulling piece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0039] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0041] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner", etc. indicate an orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use, it is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0042] In addition, if the term "horizontal" appears, it does not mean that the component must be absolutely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", which does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0043] The tie rod assembly on the axle box of a train locomotive is installed in the two trapezoidal grooves of the wheelset axle box body. During the long-term use of the locomotive, the tie rod assembly is subjected to large forces, which makes the core shaft of the tie rod assembly and the trapezoidal groove on the axle box body fit very tightly. During the maintenance of the locomotive wheelset, the tie rod assembly needs to be disassembled. During the disassembly process, due to the tight fit, it is necessary to manually knock with a copper hammer to separate the tie rod assembly from the trapezoidal groove.

[0044] However, since there are dozens of tie rod assemblies on a train, they all rely on manual pounding to dismantle them, which not only makes the workers' labor intensity high and the efficiency low, but also poses a risk of personal safety hazards during the pounding operation.

[0045] In order to solve the above technical defects, the inventor provides a special machine and method for disassembling axle box tie rod assembly of a locomotive

[0046] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0047] like Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, a first aspect provides a special machine for disassembling a locomotive axle box tie rod assembly, the special machine comprising a bracket 1, on which a displacement adjustment device is symmetrically provided, and the displacement adjustment device is movably connected to an external drive device; a lifting device, one end of which is connected to the displacement adjustment device, and the other end is movably connected to the tie rod assembly; wherein, when the tie rod assembly is disassembled, the displacement adjustment device is driven by the external drive device to drive the lifting device to separate the tie rod assembly from the locomotive axle box. Through the cooperation of the external drive device and the displacement adjustment device, the machine can realize fast and accurate positioning and adjustment of the tie rod assembly, which significantly improves work efficiency and reduces the time and labor intensity of manual operation compared to traditional manual disassembly. At the same time, the use of special machines avoids direct contact between personnel and dangerous parts of the tie rod assembly and the locomotive axle box, thereby reducing safety risks during operation, ensuring the smooth progress of the disassembly process, and further protecting the safety of the operators. Figure 1As shown, the bracket 1 is a hollow structure, and nut seats 2 are provided at the two opposite ends of the top of the bracket 1; the displacement adjustment device includes a first displacement adjustment component and a second displacement adjustment component, both of which are arranged in the nut seat 2 and are located axially vertically between the top of the bracket 1; the bracket 1 adopts a hollow structure, which not only reduces the overall weight of the machine, but also improves its structural strength and stability, and the hollow structure can better disperse and withstand external forces, ensuring that the machine will not be deformed or damaged during the disassembly process. Secondly, the setting of the nut seat 2 and the installation of the first displacement adjustment component and the second displacement adjustment component in the nut seat 2 enable the machine to have precise adjustment capabilities. By adjusting the two displacement adjustment components, the fine positioning of the pull rod assembly in the horizontal and vertical directions can be achieved, thereby ensuring the accuracy and efficiency of the disassembly process. In addition, the introduction of the first lifting component and the second lifting component provides dual support and lifting force for the disassembly of the pull rod assembly, enhancing the versatility and adaptability of the machine. Furthermore, the independent arrangement of the first displacement adjustment assembly and the second displacement adjustment assembly enables the machine to accurately control the displacement of the tie rod assembly in two mutually perpendicular directions, which not only improves the disassembly accuracy, but also ensures that the tie rod assembly can move smoothly and without deviation during the disassembly process. Since the first displacement adjustment assembly and the second displacement adjustment assembly can be adjusted independently, the machine can more flexibly adapt to tie rod assemblies of different sizes, shapes and positions. No matter what complex environment or position the tie rod assembly is in, the machine can accurately position and disassemble it by adjusting the displacement adjustment assembly. Figure 1 As shown, the lifting device includes a first lifting assembly and a second lifting assembly, one end of the first lifting assembly is connected to the first displacement adjustment assembly, and the other end is movably connected to the tie rod assembly; one end of the second lifting assembly is connected to the second displacement adjustment assembly, and the other end is also movably connected to the tie rod assembly. During the displacement of the first displacement adjustment assembly, the first lifting assembly can drive one of the tie rod assemblies to move and disassemble; during the movement of the second displacement adjustment assembly, the second lifting assembly can drive another tie rod assembly to move and disassemble, each independently and without interfering with each other; it can be seen from the figure that the first displacement adjustment assembly and the second displacement adjustment assembly have the same structure, and the first lifting assembly and the second lifting assembly have the same structure.

[0048] like Figure 1As shown, the bracket 1 has movable grooves on both sides thereof, the two movable grooves are arranged at intervals and are connected to the inside of the bracket 1; the first lifting assembly is installed in one of the movable grooves, and the second lifting assembly is installed in the other movable groove; the first displacement adjustment assembly is axially perpendicular to the first lifting assembly, and the second displacement adjustment assembly is axially perpendicular to the second lifting assembly; when the first displacement adjustment assembly and the second displacement adjustment assembly are displaced toward the top of the bracket 1, they drive the first lifting assembly and the second lifting assembly to slide up and down in the movable groove, so that the drawbar assembly is separated from the axle box of the locomotive. The movable groove provides a stable guiding effect for the first lifting assembly and the second lifting assembly. Driven by the displacement adjustment assembly, the lifting assembly can slide up and down along the track of the movable groove, ensuring the stability and accuracy during the disassembly process. At the same time, by adjusting the displacement adjustment assembly, the displacement of the lifting assembly can be accurately controlled, thereby realizing the accurate separation of the drawbar assembly from the axle box of the locomotive. The simultaneous action of the first lifting assembly and the second lifting assembly, and their up and down sliding in the movable groove, enhance the disassembly ability of the machine to the drawbar assembly, and improve the efficiency and success rate of disassembly. In addition, the design of the movable groove also facilitates the maintenance and replacement of the first lifting assembly and the second lifting assembly. When maintenance or replacement is required, the lifting assembly can be easily removed from the bracket or installed through the movable groove, reducing the difficulty and cost of maintenance. Finally, through the coordinated use of the movable groove and the displacement adjustment assembly, it can be ensured that the pull rod assembly is subjected to a stable and controllable force during the disassembly process, avoiding safety accidents caused by uneven force or loss of control, and improving the safety and reliability of the disassembly process. Figure 1It can be seen that the first displacement adjustment assembly includes a guide rod 3, a round washer 5 and a nut 6, and the round washer 5 and the nut 6 are arranged at the end of the guide rod 3; the first lifting assembly includes a pull plate 4 and a pulling member 7, and the pull plate 4 is arranged outside the guide rod 3 and limited by the round washer 5 and the nut 6; the two ends of the pulling member 7 are movably connected with the two ends of the pull plate 4. The guide rod 3 provides a stable guide for the first displacement adjustment assembly, ensuring the accuracy and linearity of the displacement, and the setting of the round washer 5 and the nut 6 is used to limit the pull plate 4 to prevent it from sliding randomly on the guide rod 3, thereby realizing precise control of the displacement. As the main part of the first lifting assembly, the pull plate 4 can stably transmit the displacement force from the displacement adjustment assembly to the pulling member 7 through the limitation of the round washer 5 and the nut 6, ensuring the stable transmission of the lifting force and improving the efficiency and stability of disassembly. The movable connection design between the pulling member 7 and the pull plate 4 allows the tightness of the connection between the pulling member 7 and the pull rod assembly to be adjusted; in addition, the modular design of the first displacement adjustment assembly and the first lifting assembly, and the way they are connected by simple round washers 5 and nuts 6, allow these components to be easily disassembled and installed when maintenance or replacement is required, reducing the maintenance difficulty and cost of the machine and increasing its service life. Finally, the setting of the round washers 5 and nuts 6 is not only used for limiting, but also enhances the connection strength between the pull plate 4 and the guide rod 3, so that the machine can still maintain the stability and integrity of the structure when it is subjected to a large disassembly force.

[0049] It is worth noting that the guide rod 3 is a screw rod, and hooks are provided at the opposite ends of the pull plate 4. The two ends of the pull member 7 are connected to the hooks by hanging, and the pull member 7 is a chain or a wire rope. The screw rod as the guide rod 3 has the characteristic of being able to finely adjust the displacement, thanks to the threaded structure on the screw rod, which allows for small and accurate movement. When used in conjunction with the pull plate 4 and the pull member 7, it ensures that the positioning and movement of the pull rod assembly during the disassembly process can achieve extremely high accuracy. The hook design at both ends of the pull plate 4 and the flexible form of the pull member 7 using a chain or a wire rope together give the machine extremely high adaptability and compatibility, so that the hook can easily hook or detach the pull member 7, and the chain or wire rope can be wrapped around the outside of the pull rod assembly due to its flexibility and adjustability, and the pull rod assembly is bundled. The combination of the hook and the chain or wire rope constitutes a stable lifting system. When the screw rod drives the pull plate 4 to move, the hook ensures that the pull member 7 can follow closely and stably transmit force to the pull rod assembly, thereby achieving smooth and effective disassembly. like Figure 2 As shown, a through hole is opened on the bracket 1, and the through hole cooperates with the screw hole on the locomotive axle box. The diameter of the through hole is larger than the diameter of the screw hole, so that the bracket 1 can be fixed on the locomotive axle box tie rod assembly.

[0050] During the specific operation of the above scheme, the external driving device can use an electric wrench as a power source to drive the guide rod 3 to rotate. Since the nut seat 2 that cooperates with the guide rod 3 is integrated with the fixed bracket 1 and fastened to the shaft box body, the nut seat 2 does not rotate, thereby converting the guide rod 3 from a rotational motion into an upward linear upward motion. The guide rod 3 drives the pull plate 4 at the lower end to lift upward. The pull plate 4 fixes the pull rod assembly into one through the pulling piece 7 and lifts it upward at the same time, thereby achieving the purpose of separation from the trapezoidal groove on the shaft box body. Mechanization replaces the physical labor of the previous manual hammering operation.

[0051] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for disassembling a locomotive axle box tie rod assembly, the method being performed using the special machine as described above, such as Figure 3 As shown, including:

[0052] S101. Place the bracket on the plane of the trapezoidal groove of the axle box body, so that the bracket is connected to the screw hole in the trapezoidal groove; illustratively, first remove the bolts connecting the pull rod assembly and the trapezoidal groove of the axle box body, place the machine on the plane of the trapezoidal groove of the axle box body, and use bolts to fasten the bracket 1 of the machine tool to the screw hole in the trapezoidal groove as a whole.

[0053] S102. Use a pulling piece to make the cylindrical part of the pull rod assembly contact with the pull plate, and wrap the pulling piece around the pull rod assembly; illustratively, use the pulling piece 7 to bind and connect the cylindrical part of the pull rod assembly and the bottom of the pull plate 4 into one. Since there are hooks at both ends of the pull plate 4, quick connection is convenient.

[0054] S103, through an external driving device, drive the displacement adjustment device to drive the lifting device to separate the pull rod assembly from the locomotive axle box. Exemplarily, use a matching electric wrench set, insert it into the top of the guide rod 3, and after turning on the power switch, the electric wrench drives the guide rod 3 to rotate and rise toward the top of the bracket 1. During the rising process of the guide rod 3, an upward lifting force is applied to the pull plate 4, and the pulling member 7 hung on the pull plate 4 drives the pull rod assembly to rise at the same time, so that it is gradually separated from the trapezoidal groove on the axle box body, and finally disengaged to complete the disassembly work. Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit its protection scope. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the relevant field should understand that after reading the present invention, those skilled in the art can still make various changes, modifications or equivalent substitutions to the specific implementation methods of the invention, but these changes, modifications or equivalent substitutions are all within the scope of protection of the claims to be approved.

Claims

1. A special machine for disassembling axle box tie rod assembly of a locomotive, characterized in that: include: A bracket (1) on which a displacement adjustment device is symmetrically provided, wherein the displacement adjustment device is movably connected to an external driving device; A lifting device, one end of which is connected to the displacement adjusting device, and the other end of which is movably connected to the pull rod assembly; When the draw rod assembly is disassembled, the displacement adjusting device is driven by the external driving device to drive the lifting device so as to separate the draw rod assembly from the locomotive axle box.

2. The special machine for disassembling the locomotive axle box tie rod assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bracket (1) is a hollow structure, and nut seats (2) are provided at two opposite ends of the top of the bracket (1); The displacement adjustment device comprises a first displacement adjustment component and a second displacement adjustment component, wherein the first displacement adjustment component and the second displacement adjustment component are both arranged in the nut seat (2) and located at the top of the bracket (1) and perpendicular to the axial direction of the bracket; The lifting device comprises a first lifting assembly and a second lifting assembly, one end of the first lifting assembly is connected to the first displacement adjustment assembly, and the other end is movably connected to the pull rod assembly; One end of the second lifting assembly is connected to the second displacement adjustment assembly, and the other end is also movably connected to the pull rod assembly.

3. The special machine for disassembling the locomotive axle box tie rod assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bracket (1) has movable grooves on two opposite sides, and the two movable grooves are arranged at intervals and communicate with the inside of the bracket (1); The first lifting assembly is installed in one of the movable slots, and the second lifting assembly is installed in the other movable slot; The first displacement adjustment component is axially perpendicular to the first lifting component, and the second displacement adjustment component is axially perpendicular to the second lifting component; When the first displacement adjustment component and the second displacement adjustment component are displaced toward the top of the bracket (1), they drive the first lifting component and the second lifting component to slide up and down in the movable groove.

4. The special machine for disassembling the locomotive axle box tie rod assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first displacement adjustment assembly comprises a guide rod (3), a round washer (5) and a nut (6), wherein the round washer (5) and the nut (6) are arranged at the end of the guide rod (3); The first lifting assembly comprises a pulling plate (4) and a pulling member (7); the pulling plate (4) is arranged outside the guide rod (3) and is limited in position by the round washer (5) and the nut (6); The two ends of the pulling member (7) are movably connected to the two ends of the pulling plate (4).

5. The special machine for disassembling the locomotive axle box tie rod assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The guide rod (3) is a screw rod.

6. The special machine for disassembling the locomotive axle box tie rod assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pull plate (4) is provided with hooks at two opposite ends, and the two ends of the pulling member (7) are suspended and connected to the hooks.

7. The special machine for disassembling the locomotive axle box tie rod assembly according to claim 4 or 6, characterized in that: The pulling member (7) is a chain or a steel wire rope.

8. The special machine for disassembling the locomotive axle box tie rod assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bracket (1) is provided with a through hole, and the through hole matches with a screw hole on the locomotive axle box.

9. The special machine for disassembling the locomotive axle box tie rod assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that: The diameter of the through hole is greater than the diameter of the screw hole.

10. A method for disassembling a locomotive axle box tie rod assembly, characterized in that: The method is carried out using the special machine according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising: Place the bracket on the plane of the trapezoidal groove of the axle box body, so that the bracket is connected to the screw hole in the trapezoidal groove; Using a pulling piece, the cylindrical part of the pull rod assembly is brought into contact with the pull plate, and the pulling piece is wound around the pull rod assembly; The displacement adjusting device is driven by an external driving device to drive the lifting device so as to separate the drawbar assembly from the locomotive axle box.

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