Blast hole accurate positioning tool based on bench method handheld air drill and construction method

Abstract

The invention discloses a blast hole precise positioning tool based on a bench method handheld air drill. The blast hole precise positioning tool comprises a bench arranged in a tunnel, and one end of the bench faces the tunnel face; the positioning tool is characterized in that the positioning tool further comprises fixing assemblies and movable adjusting assemblies, the fixing assemblies are fixedly arranged on supporting legs, close to the tunnel face, of the two ends of the rack, and the movable adjusting assemblies are inserted into bottom beams, away from the tunnel face, of the middle of the rack in a sliding adjusting mode in the radial direction of the tunnel; a plurality of rows of positioning holes which are arranged at intervals at high positions and low positions are formed in the fixing assembly; the movable adjusting assembly is provided with a plurality of auxiliary positioning holes which are arranged at intervals in a high-low mode and matched with the positioning holes to position the drilling angle of the drill rod. According to the positioning tool and the construction method, man-made interference during positioning of the drill rod can be effectively eliminated, the structure is simple, and the construction operation efficiency is effectively improved while the drilling precision is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and in particular to a blasthole precise positioning tool and a construction method based on a bench-based handheld pneumatic drill. Background Art

[0002] The current rapid development of infrastructure has led to the vigorous development of infrastructure construction and resource development, resulting in a large number of tunnels and long tunnel projects, the scale and technical difficulty of which are rare in the world. The excavation methods of tunnels and tunnels are mainly drilling and blasting excavation and TBM excavation. The drilling and blasting method has the advantages of low investment, compact equipment, and adaptability to various geological conditions. It is still the most important tunnel excavation technology in my country. Therefore, it is of great significance to continuously improve the construction technology of the drilling and blasting method and improve the level of tunnel excavation for the safe construction of tunnel projects.

[0003] When the drilling and blasting method is used for tunnel excavation, a large number of blastholes are arranged on the tunnel section. Drilling is an important process in tunnel excavation, and the precise control of the angle and depth of the blastholes is the technical difficulty of this process. At present, most tunnel projects still use manual handheld pneumatic drills to complete the face drilling operation. Under human influence, the accurate positioning of the blasthole angle and depth cannot be achieved, resulting in limited trenching progress, serious over-excavation, and easy to cause tunnel collapse. In order to solve the above problems, a blasthole precise positioning tool and construction method are proposed.

[0004] Therefore, how to design a blasthole precision positioning tool and construction method based on a bench-based handheld pneumatic drill to solve the problem of accurate positioning of the blasthole angle and depth has become a technical problem that needs to be urgently solved by people in this field. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, one purpose of the present invention is to propose a blasthole precision positioning tool and construction method based on a bench-based handheld pneumatic drill, which can effectively eliminate human interference during drill rod positioning, has a simple structure, and effectively improves construction efficiency while improving drilling accuracy.

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a blasthole precision positioning tool for a handheld pneumatic drill based on a bench method, comprising a bench arranged in a tunnel, one end of the bench facing the tunnel face; it is characterized in that: the positioning tool also includes a fixed component and a movable adjustment component, wherein the fixed component is fixed on the legs at both ends of the bench close to the tunnel face, and the movable adjustment component is radially slidably adjusted along the tunnel and plugged into the bottom beam in the middle of the bench away from the tunnel face; a plurality of rows of positioning holes arranged at high and low intervals are arranged on the fixed component; a plurality of auxiliary positioning holes arranged at high and low intervals and cooperating with the positioning holes to position the drilling angle of the drill rod are arranged on the movable adjustment component.

[0007] Preferably, the fixing assembly comprises a front hanging hole plate, on which through positioning holes are formed along the left and right ends of the trolley.

[0008] Preferably, the movable adjustment component includes a square guide rod, a guide sleeve and a rear hanging hole plate; one end of the square guide rod is fixed on the bottom beam of the trolley, and the square guide rod is slidably mounted on a guide sleeve with a square frame structure; the lower part of the guide sleeve is movably connected to the rear hanging hole plate; the rear hanging hole plate is provided with through auxiliary positioning holes along the left and right ends of the trolley.

[0009] Preferably, a plurality of pulleys are rotatably connected to the inner top surface of the guide sleeve, a plurality of bolts penetrate and engage with the side wall of the guide sleeve, and a plurality of hooks for movably hanging rear hanging hole plates are fixed to the bottom of the guide sleeve; the pulley is slidably supported on the top surface of the square guide rod; the bolts are axially adjusted to support and fix the pulley.

[0010] A construction method for a blasthole precision positioning tool based on a bench-based handheld pneumatic drill, comprising the following steps:

[0011] S1. Before the tunnel single cycle drilling operation, push the trolley to a distance of one cycle footage from the tunnel face;

[0012] S2. Move the rear hole plate so that the axes of the auxiliary positioning hole and the positioning hole form a preset blasthole angle with the normal line of the tunnel face;

[0013] S3. Fix the pulley by bolts and fix the guide sleeve on the square guide rod;

[0014] S4. After fixing the pulley, determine the drilling position, coordinate with the selected positioning hole and auxiliary positioning hole, insert the drill rod, and then carry out the drilling operation.

[0015] Preferably, the specific steps of S2 are:

[0016] S2.1 The horizontal inclination angle θ1 of the drill pipe is determined by the trigonometric relationship formula between the lateral spacing between the auxiliary positioning hole and the inner positioning hole, and the spacing a between the front hanging hole plate and the rear hanging hole plate:

[0017]

[0018] Where θ1 is the drilling angle between the auxiliary positioning hole and the inner positioning hole, and b1 is the lateral spacing between the auxiliary positioning hole and the inner positioning hole;

[0019] S2.2 The vertical inclination angle θ2 of the drill pipe is determined by the trigonometric relationship formula between the horizontal spacing between the auxiliary positioning hole and the outer positioning hole, and the spacing a between the front hanging hole plate and the rear hanging hole plate:

[0020]

[0021] or

[0022]

[0023] Where θ2 is the drilling angle between the auxiliary positioning hole and the inner positioning hole, and b2 is the lateral spacing between the auxiliary positioning hole and the outer positioning hole;

[0024] S2.3 The depth of the drill hole is determined by the following formula:

[0025]

[0026] Where h is the drilling depth, l i is the drilling angle θ i Length of excavation.

[0027] The advantages of the present invention compared with the prior art are:

[0028] The invention discloses a blasthole precise positioning tool and construction method based on a bench method handheld air drill. Square guide rods are added on both sides of the middle section of the bench, a guide sleeve is arranged outside the square guide rod, a ruler is engraved on the square guide rod, the guide sleeve and the square guide rod are connected by two pulleys, each two pulleys form a group, two hooks are welded on the lower part of the guide sleeve, the guide sleeve is connected and fixed to the rear hanging hole plate by the hooks, an auxiliary positioning hole is arranged in the middle of the rear hanging hole plate, two hooks are welded on both sides of one end of the bench close to the heading face, the front hanging hole plate is connected and fixed to the bench by the hooks, and a positioning hole is opened in the middle of the front hanging hole plate; the rear hanging hole plate and the front hanging hole plate are installed before the single cycle footage drilling operation of the tunnel, the angle of the drilling operation is determined by moving the rear hanging hole plate, the rear hanging hole plate after the angle is determined is bolted, the drill rod directly determines the drilling angle through the hole positions of the front and rear hanging plates, human interference is reduced, and the accuracy of the tunnel drilling operation can be effectively improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or technical descriptions will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the movable adjustment assembly of the present invention (the rear hanging hole plate is not shown);

[0032] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the triangular relationship between the horizontal spacing of different positioning holes and the spacing between the front and rear hanging plates in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4A schematic diagram of the triangular relationship between the drilling depth and the length dug along the drilling angle in the present invention;

[0034] In the figure: 1: square guide rod; 2: pulley; 3: hook; 4: front hanging hole plate; 5: rear hanging hole plate; 6: bolt; 7: positioning hole; 8: auxiliary positioning hole; 9: guide sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application, and cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0036] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0037] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0038] Combination Figure 1 to Figure 4 The present invention provides a blasthole precision positioning tool for a handheld pneumatic drill based on a bench method, comprising a bench arranged in a tunnel, one end of which faces the tunnel face; it is characterized in that: the positioning tool also includes a fixed component and a movable adjustment component, wherein the fixed component is fixedly arranged on the legs at both ends of the bench close to the tunnel face, and the movable adjustment component is radially slidably adjusted along the tunnel and plugged into the bottom beam in the middle of the bench away from the tunnel face; a plurality of rows of positioning holes 7 arranged at high and low intervals are arranged on the fixed component; a plurality of auxiliary positioning holes 8 arranged at high and low intervals and cooperating with the positioning holes to position the drilling angle of the drill rod are arranged on the movable adjustment component.

[0039] Preferably, the fixing assembly comprises a front hanging hole plate 4, on which through positioning holes are formed along the left and right ends of the trolley.

[0040] Preferably, the movable adjustment component includes a square guide rod 1, a guide sleeve 9 and a rear hanging hole plate 5; one end of the square guide rod is fixed on the bottom beam of the trolley, and the square guide rod is slidably mounted on a guide sleeve with a square frame structure; the lower part of the guide sleeve is movably connected to the rear hanging hole plate; the rear hanging hole plate is provided with through auxiliary positioning holes along the left and right ends of the trolley.

[0041] Preferably, a plurality of pulleys are rotatably connected to the inner top surface of the guide sleeve, a plurality of bolts 6 penetrate and engage with the side wall of the guide sleeve, and a plurality of hooks 3 for movably hanging rear hanging hole plates are fixed to the bottom of the guide sleeve; the pulley is slidably supported on the top surface of the square guide rod; the bolts are axially adjusted to support and fix the pulley.

[0042] A construction method of a blasthole precise positioning tool based on a bench-based handheld pneumatic drill of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0043] S1. Before the tunnel single cycle drilling operation, push the trolley to a distance of one cycle footage from the tunnel face;

[0044] S2. Move the rear hole plate so that the axes of the auxiliary positioning hole and the positioning hole form a preset blasthole angle with the normal line of the tunnel face;

[0045] S3. Fix the pulley by bolts and fix the guide sleeve on the square guide rod;

[0046] S4. After fixing the pulley, determine the drilling position, coordinate with the selected positioning hole and auxiliary positioning hole, insert the drill rod, and then carry out the drilling operation.

[0047] Preferably, the specific steps of S2 are:

[0048] S2.1 The horizontal inclination angle θ1 of the drill pipe is determined by the trigonometric relationship formula between the lateral spacing between the auxiliary positioning hole and the inner positioning hole, and the spacing a between the front hanging hole plate and the rear hanging hole plate:

[0049]

[0050] Where θ1 is the drilling angle between the auxiliary positioning hole and the inner positioning hole, and b1 is the lateral spacing between the auxiliary positioning hole and the inner positioning hole;

[0051] S2.2 The vertical inclination angle θ2 of the drill pipe is determined by the trigonometric relationship formula between the horizontal spacing between the auxiliary positioning hole and the outer positioning hole, and the spacing a between the front hanging hole plate and the rear hanging hole plate:

[0052]

[0053] or

[0054]

[0055] Where θ2 is the drilling angle between the auxiliary positioning hole and the inner positioning hole, and b2 is the lateral spacing between the auxiliary positioning hole and the outer positioning hole;

[0056] S2.3 The depth of the drill hole is determined by the following formula:

[0057]

[0058] Where h is the drilling depth, l i is the drilling angle θ i Length of excavation.

[0059] The working principle of the present invention is:

[0060] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present invention provides a technical solution: a blasthole precise positioning tool and construction method based on a bench method handheld air drill, square guide rods are arranged on both sides of the middle section of the bench, the square guide rods are engraved with scales, a sleeve is arranged outside the square guide rods on both sides, the sleeve is connected to the square guide rod through two pulleys, each two pulleys form a group, two hooks are welded to the lower part of the sleeve, the sleeve is connected and fixed to the rear hanging hole plate through the hooks, an auxiliary positioning hole is provided in the middle of the rear hanging hole plate, two hooks are welded on both sides of one end of the bench close to the face, the front hanging hole plate is connected and fixed to the bench through the hooks, and a positioning hole is opened in the middle of the front hanging hole plate.

[0061] like Figure 1 As shown, a pulley is arranged inside the sleeve, the pulley can move at any position of the square guide rod, and the pulley can be fixed at any position of the square guide rod by bolts.

[0062] like Figure 2 As shown, the front hanging hole plate, the rear hanging hole plate and the stand are fixed by hooks respectively.

[0063] like Figure 3 As shown, the drilling angle can be determined by the triangular relationship formula between the auxiliary positioning hole and the lateral spacing between the positioning holes and the spacing between the front and rear hanging plates.

[0064] The distance between the front hanging orifice plate and the rear hanging orifice plate is a=0.5m;

[0065] The spacing between the positioning holes on both sides of the front hanging hole plate is set to c = 0.2m;

[0066] The drilling angle θ1 can be determined by the triangular relationship formula between the lateral spacing between the auxiliary positioning hole and the inner positioning hole and the spacing a between the front and rear hanging plates:

[0067]

[0068] Where θ1 is the drilling angle between the auxiliary positioning hole and the inner positioning hole, and b1 is the lateral spacing between the auxiliary positioning hole and the inner positioning hole;

[0069] The drilling angle θ2 can be determined by the triangular relationship formula between the lateral spacing between the auxiliary positioning hole and the outer positioning hole and the spacing a between the front and rear hanging plates:

[0070]

[0071] or

[0072]

[0073] Where θ2 is the drilling angle between the auxiliary positioning hole and the inner positioning hole, and b2 is the lateral spacing between the auxiliary positioning hole and the outer positioning hole;

[0074] The distance between the front hanging hole plate and the drilling plane is set to 0.3m;

[0075] The drilling plane is the plane where the midpoint between the most convex part and the most concave part of the excavation surface lies;

[0076] like Figure 4 As shown, the depth of the drilling can be determined by simple calculation, the calculation formula is as follows:

[0077]

[0078] Where h is the drilling depth, l i is the drilling angle θ i Length of excavation;

[0079] A method for using a blasthole precise positioning tool and a construction method based on a bench-based handheld pneumatic drill, comprising the following steps:

[0080] ⑴ Before the single cycle drilling operation of the tunnel, fix the front hanging hole plate and the rear hanging hole plate to the stand through the hook, and push the trolley to a distance of one cycle footage from the tunnel face;

[0081] (2) Move the rear hole plate so that the straight line between the auxiliary positioning hole and the positioning hole and the normal line of the tunnel face form a preset blasthole angle;

[0082] ⑶Fix the pulley with bolts;

[0083] (4) After fixing the pulley, perform drilling operations at the determined drilling position and angle.

[0084] The present invention and its embodiments are described above, and such description is not restrictive. The drawings are only one of the embodiments of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In short, if ordinary technicians in the field are inspired by it, without departing from the purpose of the invention, they can design structures and embodiments similar to the technical solution without creativity, which should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A blasthole precision positioning tool based on a bench-based handheld pneumatic drill, comprising a bench arranged in a tunnel, one end of which faces the tunnel face; characterized in that: The positioning tooling also includes a fixed component and a movable adjustment component, wherein the fixed component is fixedly mounted on the legs at both ends of the gantry close to the tunnel face, and the movable adjustment component is radially slidably adjusted along the tunnel and plugged into the bottom beam in the middle of the gantry away from the tunnel face; the fixed component is provided with a plurality of rows of positioning holes spaced at high and low positions; the movable adjustment component is provided with a plurality of auxiliary positioning holes spaced at high and low positions and cooperating with the positioning holes to position the drilling angle of the drill rod.

2. The blasthole precise positioning tool based on a bench-based handheld pneumatic drill according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing assembly comprises a front hanging hole plate, on which through positioning holes are arranged along the left and right ends of the trolley.

3. The blasthole precise positioning tool based on a bench-based handheld pneumatic drill according to claim 1 is characterized by: The movable adjustment component includes a square guide rod, a guide sleeve and a rear hanging hole plate; one end of the square guide rod is fixed on the bottom beam of the trolley, and the square guide rod is slidably mounted on a guide sleeve with a square frame structure; the lower part of the guide sleeve is movably connected to the rear hanging hole plate; the rear hanging hole plate is provided with through auxiliary positioning holes along the left and right ends of the trolley.

4. The blasthole precise positioning tool based on a bench-based handheld pneumatic drill according to claim 4 is characterized by: A plurality of pulleys are rotatably connected to the inner part of the top surface of the guide sleeve, a plurality of bolts penetrate and engage with the side wall of the guide sleeve, and a plurality of hooks for movably hanging rear hanging hole plates are fixed to the bottom of the guide sleeve; the pulley is slidably supported on the top surface of the square guide rod; the bolts are axially adjusted to support and fix the pulley.

5. A construction method for the blasthole precise positioning tooling based on the bench-based handheld pneumatic drill as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Before the tunnel single cycle drilling operation, push the trolley to a distance of one cycle footage from the tunnel face; S2. Move the rear hole plate so that the axes of the auxiliary positioning hole and the positioning hole form a preset blasthole angle with the normal line of the tunnel face; S3. Fix the pulley by bolts and fix the guide sleeve on the square guide rod; S4. After fixing the pulley, determine the drilling position, coordinate with the selected positioning hole and auxiliary positioning hole, insert the drill rod, and then carry out the drilling operation.

6. The blasthole precise positioning tool based on a bench-based handheld pneumatic drill according to claim 5, characterized in that: The specific steps of S2 are: S2.1 The horizontal inclination angle θ1 of the drill pipe is determined by the trigonometric relationship formula between the lateral spacing between the auxiliary positioning hole and the inner positioning hole, and the spacing a between the front hanging hole plate and the rear hanging hole plate: Where θ1 is the drilling angle between the auxiliary positioning hole and the inner positioning hole, and b1 is the lateral spacing between the auxiliary positioning hole and the inner positioning hole; S2.2 The vertical inclination angle θ2 of the drill pipe is determined by the trigonometric relationship formula between the horizontal spacing between the auxiliary positioning hole and the outer positioning hole, and the spacing a between the front hanging hole plate and the rear hanging hole plate: or Where θ2 is the drilling angle between the auxiliary positioning hole and the inner positioning hole, and b2 is the lateral spacing between the auxiliary positioning hole and the outer positioning hole; S2.3 The depth of the drill hole is determined by the following formula: Where h is the drilling depth, l i is the drilling angle θ i Length of excavation.

Images