Hydraulic buffering oil cylinder

Abstract

The hydraulic buffering oil cylinder comprises a hollow cylinder body and a piston rod, two oil ports are formed in the two ends of the cylinder body, and a first buffering section and a second buffering section are arranged at the two ends of a piston correspondingly, so that the piston moves to any end of the cylinder body; before the first oil port is communicated with the first oil way or the second oil port is communicated with the second oil way, the first buffer section and the second buffer section need to pass through and block the first oil port or the second oil port, during blocking, the hydraulic oil is extruded along with continuous advancing of the piston rod, and the residual hydraulic oil at the two ends of the cylinder body reversely generates acting force on the piston; meanwhile, when the piston rod enters and exits the cylinder body in a reciprocating mode, internal circulating cooling liquid can effectively absorb heat, due to the fact that hydraulic oil is extruded in a reciprocating mode, the temperature of the hydraulic oil can be reduced, the situation that abrasion is increased due to high temperature is reduced, and the sealing effect of the device is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of hydraulic cylinders, and in particular to a hydraulic buffer cylinder. Background Art

[0002] Hydraulic cylinder, also known as hydraulic cylinder or hydraulic piston cylinder, is a key component in the hydraulic system for converting hydraulic energy into mechanical energy.

[0003] Existing hydraulic cylinders generally include a cylinder body, a piston rod and a buffer. The working principle of the hydraulic cylinder is that the pressure oil provided by the hydraulic pump pushes the piston, causing the piston rod to produce linear motion; when the hydraulic oil flows from one chamber to another, the piston moves in one direction; when the hydraulic oil flows out of the other chamber, the piston moves in the opposite direction.

[0004] The existing buffer cylinder generally uses a buffer sleeve or spring mounted on the piston rod for buffering. However, when the piston rod moves back and forth at high speed, the buffering effect of the buffer sleeve becomes worse after long-term use, causing the piston rod to have a greater rigid impact on the cylinder body. At the same time, when the piston rod moves back and forth at high speed, the temperature of the internal hydraulic oil increases, which increases the wear of the seals and piston of the entire cylinder, increasing the risk of cylinder leakage. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application provides a hydraulic buffer oil cylinder, which can solve the problem that when the piston rod of the existing oil cylinder moves back and forth at high speed, the buffer component is easily failed, thereby increasing the impact of the piston on the cylinder body.

[0006] The technical solution of the present application is as follows: A hydraulic buffer cylinder, comprising: A cylinder body with a hollow interior, a first oil port and a second oil port are respectively provided at two ends of one side of the cylinder body, a first buffer gap and a second buffer gap are respectively provided at two ends of the cylinder body, the first buffer gap is located between the first oil port and one end of the cylinder body, and the second buffer gap is located between the second oil port and the other end of the cylinder body, and the first oil port and the second oil port are both connected to an oil pump; A piston rod, the piston rod is movably arranged inside the cylinder body, and the piston rod comprises: A connecting section, on which a piston is fixedly connected and slidably sealed with the cylinder body, wherein a first oil circuit and a second oil circuit are respectively arranged inside the piston, wherein one end of the first oil circuit is communicated with the rodless chamber of the cylinder body, and the other end can be communicated with the first oil port, and one end of the second oil circuit is communicated with the rod chamber of the cylinder body, and the other end can be communicated with the second oil port; A moving section, one end of which is connected to the connecting section and the other end of which extends to the outside of the cylinder body; The piston is provided with a first buffer section between two ports of the first oil circuit and along the length direction of the piston. When the first buffer section blocks the first oil port, the hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber of the cylinder body is squeezed by the piston and buffers the impact of the piston on one end of the cylinder body when the piston moves. The piston is provided with a second buffer section between two ports of the second oil circuit and along the length direction of the piston. When the second buffer section blocks the second oil port, the hydraulic oil in the rod chamber of the cylinder body is squeezed by the piston and buffers the impact of the piston on the other end of the cylinder body when the piston moves. A circulatory coolant is provided inside the moving section to absorb the heat generated by the hydraulic oil due to repeated extrusion.

[0007] By adopting the above scheme, by setting two oil ports at the two ends of the cylinder body, and setting the first buffer section and the second buffer section at the two ends of the piston respectively, the piston moves to any end of the cylinder body, and before the first oil port is connected with the first oil circuit or the second oil port is connected with the second oil circuit, the first buffer section and the second buffer section need to first pass through and block the first oil port or the second oil port. When blocking, as the piston rod continues to move and squeeze the hydraulic oil, the remaining hydraulic oil at both ends of the cylinder body will in turn exert a force on the piston, thereby being able to buffer the piston. At the same time, when the piston rod reciprocates in and out of the cylinder body, the internal recyclable coolant can effectively absorb the heat generated by the reciprocating squeezing of the hydraulic oil, thereby being able to reduce the temperature of the hydraulic oil, reduce the occurrence of increased wear caused by high temperature, and ensure the sealing effect of the device.

[0008] In one embodiment of the present application, the hydraulic buffer cylinder further includes a blocking block, which is disposed on the other end of the cylinder body, and the other end of the piston rod passes through the blocking block, and a first sealing member is disposed between the piston rod and the blocking block.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present application, the first sealing member includes a first sealing ring and a dust ring, and the first sealing ring and the dust ring are arranged between the piston rod and the blocking block at intervals along the length direction of the piston rod.

[0010] By adopting the above scheme, by providing a sealing block and a first sealing member provided on the sealing block, the connection sealing between the sealing block and the piston rod can be effectively improved, so that when the piston rod squeezes the hydraulic oil, the hydraulic oil cannot leak from the gap between the sealing block and the piston rod.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present application, the hydraulic buffer cylinder also includes a second seal, which includes a second sealing ring and a retaining ring, and the second sealing ring and the retaining ring are sequentially spaced between the sealing block and the cylinder body along the length direction of the sealing block.

[0012] By adopting the above solution, by arranging a second seal between the blocking block and the cylinder body, the sealing performance between the blocking block and the cylinder body is improved, so that the hydraulic oil cannot flow out from the gap between the blocking block and the cylinder body during the squeezing process.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present application, the hydraulic buffer cylinder further includes a third seal, and the third seal includes a plurality of third sealing rings, and the plurality of third sealing rings are arranged between the piston and the cylinder body at intervals along the length direction of the piston.

[0014] By adopting the above scheme, a third seal that can move with the piston is set between the piston and the cylinder body, and multiple third sealing rings are superimposed on each other, thereby ensuring the sealing between the piston and the cylinder body, and preventing the hydraulic oil from flowing out of the gap between the piston and the cylinder body when the piston moves and squeezes the hydraulic oil.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present application, a cavity extending along the length direction of the connecting section is provided inside the movable section, and a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet connected to the cavity are provided outside the other end of the movable section, and the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet are both connected to the liquid pump.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present application, a plurality of annular metal heat sinks are embedded on the inner wall of the cavity, and the plurality of metal heat sinks are arranged on the inner wall of the cavity at intervals along the length direction of the cavity.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present application, the metal heat sink is a copper component.

[0018] By adopting the above scheme, a cavity extending along the length direction of the moving section is provided on the piston rod, so that the coolant inside the cavity can be continuously circulated under the action of the liquid pump and absorb the heat of the hydraulic oil inside the cylinder body, thereby reducing the increase in the temperature of the hydraulic oil due to the continuous reciprocating squeezing of the hydraulic oil, thereby reducing wear and preventing the hydraulic oil from leaking when the piston squeezes the hydraulic oil. At the same time, a metal heat sink is provided to further improve the heat conduction capacity.

[0019] In one embodiment of the present application, the hydraulic buffer cylinder also includes a first extension port and a second extension port, one end of the first extension port is connected to the other end of the first oil circuit, and the other end extends to the first buffer section, and one end of the second extension port is connected to the other end of the second oil circuit, and the other end extends to the second buffer section.

[0020] By adopting the above scheme, by arranging the first extension port and the second extension port extending along the length direction of the piston at one end of the first oil circuit and the second oil circuit close to the first oil port and the second oil port, the distance of the piston blocking the first oil port is shortened, thereby reducing the travel distance of the piston for squeezing the hydraulic oil when blocking the first oil port, so that the hydraulic oil can play a buffering role on the piston while the hydraulic oil can circulate conveniently in the entire cylinder body.

[0021] In one embodiment of the present application, the hydraulic buffer cylinder further includes a mounting member, the mounting member is fixedly assembled on the cylinder body, and the mounting member is provided with a mounting hole penetrating the mounting member.

[0022] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. By arranging the first oil port and the second oil port at both ends of the cylinder body, reserving the first buffer section and the second buffer section on the piston, and arranging the first oil port connected with the rodless cavity of the cylinder body and the second oil port connected with the rod cavity of the cylinder body at one end on the piston, the first buffer section or the second buffer section of the piston can block the first oil port or the second oil port during the movement of the piston to both ends, so that the hydraulic oil remaining in the cylinder body cannot be discharged from the outside of the cylinder body, and then the hydraulic oil can be squeezed by the continued movement of the piston, and the hydraulic oil can generate a reaction force on the piston, which has a buffering effect, until the first oil port or the second oil port is connected with the first oil circuit or the second oil circuit again after the buffering distance is reached, and the remaining hydraulic oil is discharged.

[0023] 2. By providing a piston rod with a hollow interior and a circulating coolant, the coolant can take away the heat of the hydraulic oil inside the cylinder in time by using the piston rod to continuously enter and exit the cylinder body. Under the premise of not affecting the normal operation of the piston rod, the high temperature generated by the continuous squeezing of the hydraulic oil is reduced, thereby ensuring the sealing effect of the entire device, making it possible to extrude the hydraulic oil and use the hydraulic oil to provide a buffering effect.

[0024] 3. By setting the first extension port and the second extension port, and setting the first extension port and the second extension port extending to the first buffer section and the second buffer section respectively, the distance from the piston squeezing the hydraulic oil to the first oil circuit or the second oil circuit connecting with the first oil port or the second oil port is shortened. On the premise of ensuring that the hydraulic oil can buffer the piston, the distance of squeezing the hydraulic oil is shortened, ensuring that the device can operate normally. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a hydraulic buffer cylinder provided in an embodiment of the present application when squeezing hydraulic oil in a rodless chamber; Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a hydraulic buffer cylinder provided in an embodiment of the present application when the hydraulic oil in the rod chamber is squeezed; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of part A; Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of a hydraulic buffer cylinder piston rod provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0026] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 1. Cylinder body; 11. First oil port; 12. Second oil port; 13. First buffer gap; 14. Second buffer gap; 2. Piston rod; 21. Connecting section; 211. Piston; 2111. First oil circuit; 2112. Second oil circuit; 2113. First buffer section; 2114. Second buffer section; 2115. First extension port; 2116. Second extension port; 212. Third sealing member; 2121. Third sealing ring; 22. Moving section; 221. Cavity; 222. Liquid inlet; 223. Liquid outlet; 224. Metal heat sink; 3. Sealing block; 31. First sealing member; 311. First sealing ring; 312. Dust ring; 32. Second sealing member; 321. Second sealing ring; 322. Retaining ring; 4. Mounting member; 41. Mounting hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following is combined with Figure 1-4 A hydraulic buffer cylinder provided in the present application is described in further detail.

[0028] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2, is a hydraulic buffer oil cylinder provided in an embodiment of the present application, comprising: a cylinder body 1 and a piston rod 2, the cylinder body 1 is hollow inside, a first oil port 11 and a second oil port 12 are respectively opened at two ends of one side of the cylinder body 1, a first buffer gap 13 and a second buffer gap 14 are respectively arranged at two ends of the cylinder body 1, the first buffer gap 13 is located between the first oil port 11 and one end of the cylinder body 1, and the second buffer gap 14 is located between the second oil port 12 and the other end of the cylinder body 1, the first oil port 11 and the second oil port 12 are both connected to the oil pump, the piston rod 2 is movably arranged inside the cylinder body 1, and the piston rod 2 comprises: a connecting section 21 and a moving section 22, the connecting section 21 and the moving section 22 The segment 21 is fixedly connected with a piston 211 which is slidably sealed with the cylinder body 1. The piston 211 is provided with a first oil circuit 2111 and a second oil circuit 2112 respectively. One end of the first oil circuit 2111 is connected with the rodless cavity of the cylinder body 1, and the other end can be connected with the first oil port 11. One end of the second oil circuit 2112 is connected with the rod cavity of the cylinder body 1, and the other end can be connected with the second oil port 12. One end of the moving segment 22 is connected with the connecting segment 21, and the other end extends to the outside of the cylinder body 1. The piston 211 is provided with a first buffer segment 2113 between the two ports of the first oil circuit 2111 and along the length direction of the piston 211. When the first When the buffer section 2113 blocks the first oil port 11, the hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber of the cylinder body 1 is squeezed by the piston 211, and the impact of the piston 211 on one end of the cylinder body 1 when the piston 211 moves is buffered. The piston 211 is provided with a second buffer section 2114 between the two ports of the second oil circuit 2112 and along the length direction of the piston 211. When the second buffer section 2114 blocks the second oil port 12, the hydraulic oil in the rod chamber of the cylinder body 1 is squeezed by the piston 211, and the impact of the piston 211 on the other end of the cylinder body 1 when the piston 211 moves is buffered. A circulatory coolant is provided inside the moving section 22 to absorb the heat generated by the repeated squeezing of the hydraulic oil. A first oil port 11 and a second oil port 12 are provided at both ends of one side of the cylinder body 1, and a first buffer gap 13 and a second buffer gap 14 are reserved between the first oil port 11 and the second oil port 12 and the two ends of the cylinder body 1, respectively, so that when the piston 211 moves toward the two ends of the cylinder body 1, the piston 211 can first squeeze the hydraulic oil, and use the reaction force of the hydraulic oil on the piston 211 to buffer the piston 211. After buffering, the hydraulic oil is continuously squeezed. After the hydraulic oil is squeezed to a certain extent, the first oil port 11 is connected with the first oil circuit 2111 or the second oil port 12 is connected with the second oil circuit 2112, so that the hydraulic oil can be discharged from the cylinder body 1 to complete the circulation of the hydraulic oil.

[0029] In this embodiment, directions of two ports of the first oil passage 2111 and the second oil passage 2112 may be perpendicular to each other.

[0030] See also Figure 1 or Figure 2 The hydraulic buffer cylinder also includes a blocking block 3, which is arranged on the other end of the cylinder body 1, and the other end of the piston rod 2 passes through the blocking block 3. A first sealing member 31 is provided between the piston rod 2 and the blocking block 3. The first sealing member 31 includes a first sealing ring 311 and a dust ring 312. The first sealing ring 311 and the dust ring 312 are arranged between the piston rod 2 and the blocking block 3 at intervals along the length direction of the piston rod 2. By arranging the blocking block 3 and the first sealing member 31, the sealing between the cylinder body 1 and the piston rod 2 is ensured, and the hydraulic oil is prevented from leaking from the gap between the cylinder body 1 and the piston rod 2 during the extrusion of the hydraulic oil.

[0031] See also Figure 1 or Figure 2 The hydraulic buffer cylinder also includes a second seal 32, which includes a second seal ring 321 and a retaining ring 322. The second seal ring 321 and the retaining ring 322 are arranged in sequence and spaced apart along the length direction of the blocking block 3 between the blocking block 3 and the cylinder body 1. By arranging the second seal 32 between the blocking block 3 and the cylinder body 1, the sealing of the connection between the blocking block 3 and the cylinder body 1 is ensured, thereby preventing the hydraulic oil from leaking from between the blocking block 3 and the cylinder body 1 when the hydraulic oil is squeezed.

[0032] See also Figure 3 The hydraulic buffer cylinder also includes a third seal 212, and the third seal 212 includes a plurality of third seal rings 2121. The plurality of third seal rings 2121 are arranged between the piston 211 and the cylinder body 1 at intervals along the length direction of the piston 211. By arranging the third seal ring 2121 between the piston 211 and the cylinder body 1, the sealing performance between the piston 211 and the cylinder body 1 during sliding can be effectively improved, thereby preventing the hydraulic oil from leaking from the gap between the piston 211 and the cylinder body 1.

[0033] See also Figure 4 A cavity 221 extending along the length direction of the moving section 22 is provided inside the moving section 22, and a liquid inlet 222 and a liquid outlet 223 both connected to the cavity 221 are provided outside the other end of the moving section 22, and the liquid inlet 222 and the liquid outlet 223 are both connected to a liquid pump, and a plurality of annular metal heat sinks 224 are embedded on the inner wall of the cavity 221, and the plurality of metal heat sinks 224 are arranged on the inner wall of the cavity 221 at intervals along the length direction of the cavity 221, and the metal heat sinks 224 are copper components, wherein a coolant is provided inside the cavity 221, and the input end of the liquid pump is connected to the liquid inlet 222, and the output end of the liquid pump is connected to the liquid outlet 223.

[0034] See also Figure 3The hydraulic buffer cylinder also includes a first extension port 2115 and a second extension port 2116, one end of the first extension port 2115 is connected to the other end of the first oil circuit 2111, and the other end extends to the first buffer section 2113, and one end of the second extension port 2116 is connected to the other end of the second oil circuit 2112, and the other end extends to the second buffer section 2114, wherein the first extension port 2115 and the second extension port 2116 can effectively shorten the movement distance of the piston 211 during the hydraulic oil extrusion process when the first oil port 11 or the second oil port 12 is blocked, so that the device can ensure the buffering effect on the piston 211 while preventing the hydraulic oil from being excessively squeezed.

[0035] The hydraulic buffer cylinder further comprises a mounting member 4 , which is fixedly mounted on the cylinder body 1 , and a mounting hole 41 penetrating the mounting member 4 is provided on the mounting member 4 .

[0036] In summary, if Figure 1 As shown, when the hydraulic oil enters the rod chamber of the cylinder body 1 through the second oil port 12 under the action of the external oil pump, the hydraulic oil pushes the piston 211 to move in the direction of the first oil port 11. At this time, the hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber can directly flow out from the first oil port 11 until it moves to the first buffer section 2113 to pass through and block the first oil port 11. At this time, the hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber cannot flow out from the first oil port 11. At the same time, the hydraulic oil enters the first oil circuit 2111. Due to the other side of the first oil circuit 2111 One end is blocked by the inner wall of the cylinder body 1, so the hydraulic oil cannot flow out of the first oil path 2111. At this time, the hydraulic oil can have a buffering effect on the piston 211. Under the pressure on one side of the cylinder cavity, the piston 211 continues to move and squeeze the hydraulic oil inside the rodless cavity until the first oil path 2111 is connected with the first oil port 11. At this time, the hydraulic oil inside the rodless cavity passes through the first oil path 2111 and enters the first oil port 11, and is finally discharged from the cylinder body 1. At this time, the stroke of the piston rod 2 moving toward the rodless cavity ends; like Figure 2 As shown, when the hydraulic oil enters the rodless chamber of the cylinder body 1 through the first oil port under the action of the external oil pump, its working principle is similar to the working principle when the hydraulic oil enters the rod chamber of the cylinder body 1 through the second oil port 12, so it will not be repeated again.

[0037] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A hydraulic buffer cylinder, characterized in that: include: A cylinder body (1) having a hollow interior, wherein a first oil port (11) and a second oil port (12) are respectively provided at two ends of one side of the cylinder body (1), and a first buffer gap (13) and a second buffer gap (14) are respectively provided at two ends of the cylinder body (1), wherein the first buffer gap (13) is located between the first oil port (11) and one end of the cylinder body (1), and the second buffer gap (14) is located between the second oil port (12) and the other end of the cylinder body (1), and the first oil port (11) and the second oil port (12) are both connected to an oil pump; A piston rod (2), the piston rod (2) being movably arranged inside the cylinder body (1), the piston rod (2) comprising: A connecting section (21), wherein a piston (211) is fixedly connected to the connecting section (21) and is slidably sealed with the cylinder body (1), and a first oil circuit (2111) and a second oil circuit (2112) are respectively provided inside the piston (211), wherein one end of the first oil circuit (2111) is communicated with the rodless chamber of the cylinder body (1), and the other end can be communicated with the first oil port (11), and one end of the second oil circuit (2112) is communicated with the rod chamber of the cylinder body (1), and the other end can be communicated with the second oil port (12); A moving section (22), one end of which is connected to the connecting section (21), and the other end of which extends to the outside of the cylinder body (1); The piston (211) is provided with a first buffer section (2113) between two ports of the first oil circuit (2111) and along the length direction of the piston (211); when the first buffer section (2113) blocks the first oil port (11), the hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber of the cylinder body (1) is squeezed by the piston (211) and buffers the impact of the piston (211) on one end of the cylinder body (1) when the piston (211) moves; the piston (211) is provided with a second buffer section (2114) between two ports of the second oil circuit (2112) and along the length direction of the piston (211); when the second buffer section (2114) blocks the second oil port (12), the hydraulic oil in the rod chamber of the cylinder body (1) is squeezed by the piston (211) and buffers the impact of the piston (211) on the other end of the cylinder body (1) when the piston (211) moves; The movable section (22) is provided with a circulatory coolant inside to absorb the heat generated by the hydraulic oil due to repeated extrusion.

2. A hydraulic buffer cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic buffer cylinder also includes a blocking block (3), which is arranged on the other end of the cylinder body (1), and the other end of the piston rod (2) passes through the blocking block (3), and a first sealing member (31) is provided between the piston rod (2) and the blocking block (3).

3. A hydraulic buffer cylinder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first sealing member (31) comprises a first sealing ring (311) and a dustproof ring (312), and the first sealing ring (311) and the dustproof ring (312) are arranged between the piston rod (2) and the blocking block (3) at intervals along the length direction of the piston rod (2).

4. A hydraulic buffer cylinder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hydraulic buffer cylinder further comprises a second sealing member (32), wherein the second sealing member (32) comprises a second sealing ring (321) and a retaining ring (322), wherein the second sealing ring (321) and the retaining ring (322) are sequentially arranged at intervals between the sealing block (3) and the cylinder body (1) along the length direction of the sealing block (3).

5. The hydraulic buffer cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic buffer cylinder also includes a third sealing member (212), wherein the third sealing member (212) includes a plurality of third sealing rings (2121), and the plurality of third sealing rings (2121) are arranged between the piston (211) and the cylinder body (1) at intervals along the length direction of the piston (211).

6. The hydraulic buffer cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cavity (221) extending along the length direction of the moving section (22) is provided inside the moving section (22), and a liquid inlet (222) and a liquid outlet (223) both in communication with the cavity (221) are provided outside the other end of the moving section (22), and the liquid inlet (222) and the liquid outlet (223) are both connected to a liquid pump.

7. A hydraulic buffer cylinder according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of annular metal heat sinks (224) are embedded on the inner wall of the cavity (221); the plurality of metal heat sinks (224) are arranged on the inner wall of the cavity (221) at intervals along the length direction of the cavity (221).

8. The hydraulic buffer cylinder according to claim 7, characterized in that: The metal heat sink (224) is a copper component.

9. The hydraulic buffer cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic buffer cylinder also includes a first extension port (2115) and a second extension port (2116), wherein one end of the first extension port (2115) is connected to the other end of the first oil circuit (2111), and the other end extends toward the first buffer section (2113), and one end of the second extension port (2116) is connected to the other end of the second oil circuit (2112), and the other end extends toward the second buffer section (2114).

10. The hydraulic buffer cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic buffer cylinder also includes a mounting member (4), the mounting member (4) is fixedly mounted on the cylinder body (1), and the mounting member (4) is provided with a mounting hole (41) penetrating the mounting member (4).

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