Arc-shaped wind-shield wall structure and direct air cooler

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of steam condensers and auxiliary devices, in particular to an arc-shaped wind-shield wall structure and a direct air cooler, the arc-shaped wind-shield wall structure comprises lower walls, upper walls and arc-shaped walls, the number of the lower walls, the number of the upper walls and the number of the arc-shaped walls are the same and are arranged in the vertical direction, the number of the lower walls, the number of the upper walls and the number of the arc-shaped walls are respectively at least four, and the side ends of the lower walls are connected or fixed with the side ends of the other lower walls. The upper ends of the lower walls are connected or fixed with the lower ends of the upper walls, the side ends of the upper walls are connected or fixed with the side ends of the arc-shaped walls, the arc-shaped walls and the upper walls are arranged at intervals to realize fillet transition between the upper walls, and the arc-shaped walls are connected with the two lower walls through angle plates which are horizontally or obliquely arranged. Compared with a rectangular wind-shield wall, the wind pressure of the wind-shield wall can be reduced, the stress of the wind-shield wall is reduced under extreme conditions, compared with a right-angle structure, the arc-shaped wall saves more materials, the weight of the wind-shield wall is reduced, the cost of the wind-shield wall is reduced, actual use is not affected, the external airflow environment can be improved, and the heat exchange efficiency of the air cooler is improved. And the whole equipment is more energy-saving.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of steam condensers and auxiliary devices, and in particular to an arc-shaped windshield wall structure and a direct air cooler. Background Art

[0002] Direct air coolers are usually used on steam turbines to cool down the steam generated by the steam turbines. In order to ensure the stability of heat exchange, fans are usually required to cool down the direct air coolers. The platform formed by multiple fans and direct air coolers installed in the air is called an air-cooling island. The air-cooling island is generally located in an outdoor environment and is as high as tens of meters. The wind speed in the natural environment is uncertain. Therefore, based on the impact on the load and heat exchange efficiency of the direct air cooler in a natural wind environment, it is usually necessary to set a windbreak wall outside the direct air cooler.

[0003] The windbreak wall is an important component of the air cooler. It has a significant impact on the overall performance of the air cooler (preventing hot air circulation), structural safety (blocking the annular wind pressure generated at high wind speeds), and cost (the structural cost of the air cooler accounts for more than 20%). Therefore, in-depth research on the windbreak wall is very important.

[0004] The rectangular windshield is the most common windshield design in the direct air cooler industry. The details vary slightly according to the ideas of different manufacturers. The current mainstream is the rectangular arrangement of the windshield within the outer aisle. The existing windshield has a rigid design and has not been further improved for many years. The design is conservative and extensive, which is not conducive to cost control. In addition, the structure of the windshield will also affect the performance of the air cooler. There are different requirements in different seasons. In summer, the main consideration is heat dissipation performance. How to form a stable airflow to reduce energy consumption is more critical. In winter, especially in the north, anti-freezing issues need to be considered to avoid pipe blockage or freezing cracks.

[0005] The Chinese patent number "CN 220981996 U" and the patent name "A wind guide wall and direct air cooling device" discloses a windbreak wall structure and an air cooling structure. The windbreak wall is a rectangular structure. The manufacturing cost of this structure is high and it is impossible to make efficient use of natural wind, especially in coastal areas where the wind speed is the largest. When designing the windbreak wall, it is necessary to consider the extreme environment, otherwise there will be safety hazards. Designing a large safety factor requires a large amount of steel.

[0006] The Chinese patent number "CN116242161A" and the patent name "Performance-controllable air-cooled condenser antifreeze device and its multiple antifreeze working modes" discloses the air-cooler structure and the windshield wall structure. The windshield wall is also a rectangular structure. It can be said that the rectangular windshield wall is currently in common use. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present application provides a curved windshield wall structure and a direct air cooler to at least solve the above technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0008] According to the first aspect of the present application, there is provided a curved windbreak wall structure, comprising a lower wall, an upper wall and a curved wall, wherein the lower wall, the upper wall and the curved wall are of the same number and are arranged in a vertical direction, and each of the lower wall, the upper wall and the curved wall is provided with at least four pieces, the side end of the lower wall is connected or fixed to the side end of another lower wall, the upper end of the lower wall is connected or fixed to the lower end of the upper wall, the side end of the upper wall is connected or fixed to the side end of the curved wall, the curved wall and the upper wall are spaced apart to achieve a rounded corner transition between the upper walls, and the curved wall is connected to the two lower walls via a horizontally or obliquely arranged angle plate.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the curved windshield wall structure of the present application has the following beneficial effects: Compared with the rectangular windbreak wall, the wind pressure of the windbreak wall can be reduced. In extreme cases, the force on the windbreak wall is reduced. The curved wall saves more materials than the right-angle structure, reduces the weight of the windbreak wall, and reduces the cost of the windbreak wall. This design does not affect the operation and daily maintenance of the direct air cooler surrounded by the windbreak wall. There is no need to increase the width and length of the windbreak wall. The rounded corner transition of the upper wall is increased while the bottom size of the windbreak wall remains unchanged. It does not affect the actual use and can improve the external airflow environment, increase the air circulation speed, and improve the heat exchange efficiency of the air cooler, making the entire equipment more energy-efficient.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the height of the lower wall is 2 meters to 5 meters, the horizontal cross-section of the curved wall is a quarter arc or a polygonal structure connected by multiple short straight lines to form an approximate arc, the arc radius of the curved wall is 2 meters to 5 meters, and the higher the height of the lower wall, the larger the arc radius of the curved wall.

[0011] According to a second aspect of the present application, a direct air cooler is provided, comprising a first tube bundle box, a second tube bundle box and a steam distribution pipe, wherein the upper ends of the first tube bundle box and the second tube bundle box are overlapped under the steam distribution pipe to form a triangular heat exchange structure, and the above-mentioned arc-shaped wind shielding wall structure is provided outside the heat exchange structure, thereby improving the stability of the airflow outside the air cooler and making the heat exchange performance more stable.

[0012] In one embodiment, the upper wall includes a first upper wall, a second upper wall, a third upper wall and a fourth upper wall, the width of the first upper wall is the same as the width of the third upper wall, the side ends of the first upper wall are respectively connected to the side ends of the second upper wall and the fourth upper wall, the first upper wall and the third upper wall are located on both sides of the heat exchange structure so that the distance between the upper ends of the first upper wall and the third upper wall and the heat exchange structure is greater than the distance between the lower ends and the heat exchange structure, the first upper wall and the third upper wall are both provided with an inner concave portion, the inner concave portion is extended toward the heat exchange structure relative to the first upper wall or the third upper wall, so that the inner concave portion is closer to the heat exchange structure relative to the first upper wall or the third upper wall. The provision of the inner concave portion can increase the speed of air flow above the direct air cooler, reduce the air pressure above the direct air cooler, and increase the pressure difference between the upper and lower parts of the direct air cooler, which is equivalent to reducing the air flow resistance inside the direct air cooler, which can not only improve the heat exchange efficiency, but also reduce the wind load on the upper wall.

[0013] In one embodiment, the inner recess includes a first inclined surface and a second inclined surface, the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface intersect with a first edge, and the first edge gradually extends from bottom to top toward the heat exchange structure.

[0014] In one possible implementation manner, a second lower wall is provided below the second upper wall, a vent is provided on the second upper wall and / or the second lower wall, an air inlet is provided on the end surface of the heat exchange structure, the air inlet is located obliquely below the first tube bundle box and the second tube bundle box, and the vent is connected to the air inlet.

[0015] In one possible implementation manner, the vent and the air inlet are both triangular in shape, and the vent is larger than the air inlet.

[0016] In one embodiment, the vents and / or air inlets are provided with a plurality of one-way blades, which are in a closed state under the action of gravity but can be rotated to open when the air pressure outside and inside the one-way blades exceeds a certain range, so that the air outside the arc-shaped windshield structure can enter the first tube bundle box and the second tube bundle box through the vents and air inlets. In this way, the outside air can be used to increase the heat exchange efficiency in summer, and the vents and / or air inlets can be closed in winter as appropriate.

[0017] In one possible implementation manner, the unidirectional fan blade is provided with an electric drive device or a hydraulic drive device to achieve control of the opening size.

[0018] In one embodiment, a wind shield is provided below the first tube bundle box and the second tube bundle box, and the wind shield is arranged in a vertical direction, so as to prevent external air from entering below the first tube bundle box and the second tube bundle box and then flowing downward, thereby increasing the load of the fan below. A plurality of heat exchange structures are provided in the arc-shaped wind shield wall, and the heat exchange structures are arranged in a matrix of multiple rows and columns, and different numbers can adopt the same layout design.

[0019] According to the third aspect of the present application, a method for designing the curved windshield structure of a direct air cooler is provided. First, a simulated wind field analysis is performed to calculate the wind load under extreme conditions; secondly, a 3D3S analysis is performed to ensure safety under extreme conditions; and finally, an actual construction feasibility study is performed to optimize the specific structure. Such a design can achieve higher heat exchange efficiency and lower cost investment.

[0020] It should be understood that the content described in this section is not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present application, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present application. Other features of the present application will become easily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] By reading the detailed description below with reference to the accompanying drawings, the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the exemplary embodiments of the present application will become readily understood. In the accompanying drawings, several embodiments of the present application are shown in an exemplary and non-limiting manner, wherein: In the drawings, the same or corresponding reference numerals represent the same or corresponding parts.

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the curved windshield wall in an embodiment of the present application is shown; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a steel frame model of a curved windbreak wall structure according to an embodiment of the present application is shown; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the external flow field analysis of the ambient wind (parallel to the direction of the steam distribution pipe) on the windward side of a rectangular windshield wall in the prior art is shown; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the external flow field analysis of the ambient wind (vertical to the steam distribution pipe direction) on the windward side of a rectangular windshield wall in the prior art is shown; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the external flow field simulation analysis of the ambient wind (parallel to the direction of the steam distribution pipe) on the windward side of the curved windshield wall according to an embodiment of the present application is shown; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the external flow field simulation analysis of the ambient wind (vertical to the direction of the steam distribution pipe) on the windward side of the curved windshield wall in an embodiment of the present application is shown; Figure 7 A schematic diagram showing the application of the wind load coefficient of the rectangular windbreak wall along the steam air distribution pipe inlet to the windward side in the prior art; Figure 8 A schematic diagram showing the application of the wind load coefficient of the vertical steam air distribution pipe of the rectangular windshield wall to the windward side in the prior art; Fig. 9 A schematic diagram showing the application of the wind load coefficient of the curved windshield wall along the steam air pipe inlet to the windward side in the embodiment of the present application; Fig.10A schematic diagram showing the application of the wind load coefficient of the vertical steam air distribution pipe inlet to the windward side of the curved windshield wall in the embodiment of the present application is shown; Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the composition structure of the direct air cooler of Example 2 of the present application is shown; Fig.12 The schematic diagram of the composition structure of the direct air cooler of Example 3 of the present application is shown Figure 1 ; Fig.13 The schematic diagram of the composition structure of the direct air cooler of Example 3 of the present application is shown Figure 2 ; Fig.14 A schematic diagram of the structure of the curved windshield wall of the direct air cooler in Example 3 of the present application is shown; Fig.15 A schematic diagram of the heat exchange structure of the direct air cooler in Example 3 of the present application is shown; Fig.16 A schematic diagram of a one-way fan blade of a direct air cooler in Example 3 of the present application is shown; Fig.17 A schematic diagram of an internal windshield of a heat exchange structure of a direct air cooler in Example 3 of the present application is shown; Fig.18 A schematic diagram of the composition structure of the direct air cooler of Example 4 of the present application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the purpose, features, and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0024] Embodiment 1: refer to Figure 1 A curved windbreak wall structure includes a lower wall 1, an upper wall 2 and a curved wall 3. The lower wall 1, the upper wall 2 and the curved wall 3 are of the same number and are arranged in the vertical direction. The lower wall 1, the upper wall 2 and the curved wall 3 are each provided with at least four pieces. The side end of the lower wall 1 is connected or fixed to the side end of another lower wall 1, the upper end of the lower wall 1 is connected or fixed to the lower end of the upper wall 2, the side end of the upper wall 2 is connected or fixed to the side end of the curved wall 3, the curved wall 3 is spaced from the upper wall 2 to achieve a rounded corner transition between the upper walls 2, and the curved wall 3 is connected to the two lower walls 1 through a horizontally or obliquely arranged angle plate 4. Reference Figure 2A steel frame model of an arc-shaped windbreak wall structure. The windbreak wall structure can be formed by installing panels on the steel frame. The lower wall 1, the upper wall 2 and the arc-shaped wall 3 are spliced ​​by multiple panels. The panels can be wall-type color steel plates or JORD roof-type color steel plates. The specific structure is not limited.

[0025] In one embodiment, the height of the lower wall 1 is 2 meters to 5 meters, the horizontal cross-section of the curved wall 3 is a quarter arc or a polygonal structure connected by multiple short straight lines to form a near-circular arc, the arc radius of the curved wall 3 is 2 meters to 5 meters, and the higher the height of the lower wall 1, the larger the arc radius of the curved wall 3.

[0026] In order to verify the technical advantages of this application, a CAE study of the environmental wind flow field was conducted. Based on specific projects, flow field analysis models of the air-cooled island of the traditional windbreak wall and the air-cooled island with a preset optimized windbreak wall structure were established. The environmental wind flow field analysis was conducted in two main directions of the two windbreak walls, and the pressure distribution of the windbreak wall was studied and the wind body shape coefficient was estimated. After that, the force analysis of the windbreak wall was conducted. When the flow field analysis results of the preset optimized windbreak wall structure achieved a positive effect, a detailed steel structure stress analysis model was established for the air-cooled islands of the two windbreak wall forms for structural analysis, and the advantages and disadvantages of the new and old structures and cost changes were compared.

[0027] Calculation formula for wind load on air cooler windshield wall:

[0028] in: —— standard value of wind load; —— gust coefficient at height z; —— local shape factor of wind load; —— coefficient of variation of wind pressure height; —— basic wind pressure; In addition to the local body factor of wind load, the values ​​of other parameters and the use of national standards are detailed, and the calculation software can also automatically apply them. The values ​​of the local body factor of wind load are comprehensively referenced from national standards, Shuangliang, GEA, etc.

[0029] The curved windbreak wall structure is installed on the wind island platform, and the four ends of the original rectangular windbreak wall 3 meters above the platform surface are changed to curved shapes, namely upper wall 2 and curved wall 3. The arc transition on both sides of the windbreak wall can reduce wind pressure, and the four ends are changed to curved shapes to reduce the amount of steel used in the windbreak wall. The original rectangular windbreak wall, namely lower wall 1, is retained from 0 to 3 meters on the platform surface. It is convenient to retain the original layout of the walkway, up and down inclined ladder entrances and exits, electric hoists, etc., reducing the difficulty and unpredictability of the design.

[0030] Then, accurate wind load coefficient values ​​are obtained through flow field analysis and comparative studies, making the wind load values ​​of the 3D3S structural analysis model more accurate and helping to reduce costs.

[0031] Finally, by comparing the wind pressure distribution results of the flow field analysis, the original wind load action mode in 3D3S was replaced to make the wind load value of the 3D3S structural analysis model more accurate, which helps to reduce costs.

[0032] Solidworks Flow Simulation is selected as the external flow field analysis software, and its basic parameters are set as follows (the basic wind pressure value is taken from the parameters of a certain isomerization project): 1. Unit system: NMM (mm-gs); 2. Analysis type: External* Exclude cavities without flow conditions Exclude internal space 3. Fluid: Air 4. Flow type: laminar and turbulent * high Mach number flow and humidity are not considered 5. Wall thermal condition: adiabatic wall 6. Wall roughness: Ra3.2 7. Ambient temperature: 20.05℃ Corresponding atmospheric pressure: 0.101325MPa 8. Basic wind pressure: 0.35KN / m2 Converted wind speed: 23.66432m / s 9. Turbulence intensity: 0.1% Turbulence length: 300mm *System default value, the air cooler related standards do not provide turbulence setting values After simulation analysis, it can be found that the two end values ​​of each surface have large offsets, the middle value has small fluctuations and large wind pressure values. Therefore, the data of the concentrated area cells of the peak wind pressure on each surface are taken as the effective analysis values ​​of the wind body shape coefficient calibration. Through weighted average, the following Table 1 can be obtained:

[0033] It can be seen from the data in the above table that the calculated wind load shape coefficients of independent walls, sides of rectangular closed surface structures, and leeward surfaces of rectangular closed surface structures are all smaller than the corresponding values ​​of the national standard. According to the analysis results of this section and the idea of ​​conservative value selection, in the subsequent analysis, the calibration coefficient λ1 of the windward surface of the windbreak wall is taken as 1.1, the lateral surface of the windbreak wall λ2 is taken as 1.3, and the leeward surface of the windbreak wall λ3 is taken as 1.15.

[0034] The wind pressure formula used in subsequent analysis is changed to: 1) Wind pressure formula on the windward side of the windbreak wall:

[0035] 2) Wind pressure formula on the side wind surface of the windbreak wall:

[0036] 3) Wind pressure formula on the leeward side of the windbreak wall:

[0037] Analysis of the external flow field of the rectangular windbreak wall environment: (Note: The basic dimensions of the windbreak wall structure, the elevation of the air-cooling island, the basic wind pressure and other data of this embodiment are all taken from a certain heterogeneous project.) The basic appearance parameters of the air cooling island are as follows: Unit layout: 2x4 Windbreak wall height: 11.2 meters Windbreak wall area: 25.8m x 50.5m Basic wind pressure: 0.35KN / m2.

[0038] Simulation analysis method: 1. Establish an air cooling island model of the ambient wind flow field; 2. Analyze the wind pressure distribution of each windbreak wall under two wind directions; 3. Make a wind pressure distribution diagram in front of and behind the windbreak wall on each side; 4. Make a distribution diagram of the body coefficient of the windbreak wall on each side; 5. Comprehensive comparative study.

[0039] Comparison of the two-way ambient wind external flow field on the windward side of the rectangular windbreak wall: From the comparison of the calibrated wind load shape coefficients on each side of the two-way wind, it can be seen that although the values ​​of each side are different, the wind load distribution trend is consistent. In comparison: The wind body shape coefficient values ​​on the windward side of the two-way wind vary greatly, with the average value (0.81; 1.14) close to GEA (0.8) and lower than Shuangliang (1.4) and HTAC (1.3); The wind body shape coefficient values ​​on the windward side of the two-way wind are not much different, and their average values ​​(0.08; 0.03) are close to GEA (0) and Shuangliang (0), and much smaller than HTAC (-0.7); The wind body shape coefficient values ​​on the leeward side of the two-way wind are not much different, with the average values ​​(0.09; 0.02), and the force direction and value are different from those of GEA (-0.5), Shuangliang (-0.5), and HTAC (-0.5); Rectangular Windbreak Wall Analysis: 1. The windward and lateral sides of the windbreak wall are representative, the wind load distribution and values ​​are close, and they meet the values ​​of various standards and competitors, and the wind load shape coefficient values ​​are highly credible. Among them: The headwind as the most unfavorable wind load is the most important controlling factor for the cross section (i.e., cost) of the windbreak wall components; The crosswind side has low wind load value and opposite directions on both sides, so it has little impact on the structural calculation of windbreak wall columns and the force on the base. The leeward side is not important for controlling the cross section of windbreak wall components because it is subject to less wind load; 2. The wind load values ​​for each manufacturer and each surface are analyzed as follows: Windward side: Due to the importance of the windward side, the lowest value was taken. The lowest manufacturer (GEA) also took the lowest average value (0.8) in this analysis. Shuangliang took a more conservative value than the national standard; Side wind: Since the wind load is very small and does not affect the structural cost and support reaction force, and the average value is close to 0, other manufacturers take the side wind surface shape coefficient as 0; Leeward side: Although the wind load is also very small and is not the controlling load of the windbreak wall cost, its direction and distribution are greatly affected by the structure in the air-cooling island, and may be quite different in different projects. When the wind load direction is consistent with the wind load direction on the windward side, the resultant force in the shear direction of the seat foot can be increased as the most unfavorable working condition under the wind load of the support reaction force to increase the safety margin of the air-cooling island support. Therefore, according to analysis, this is also the reason why all manufacturers unanimously take the value of the leeward side body coefficient (-0.5) of the national standard closed structure; 3. Analysis of wind loads on each surface under bidirectional wind shows that the wind load distribution on each surface has its own different rules, and the average wind load in the area with concentrated large wind loads will be significantly higher than the average wind load on the entire surface. Therefore, when conducting structural stress analysis in the future, wind loads should also be applied separately in different regions and at different values ​​based on the results of this analysis.

[0040] refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 , Analysis of the external flow field of the ambient wind (vertical to the steam distribution pipe direction) of the curved windshield wall, The wind pressure distribution on each surface is as follows (the body coefficients mentioned below are all body coefficients after coefficient calibration): Windward side: Body shape coefficient range (-0.05, 1.77); The average value of the windward side is 0.9, which is close to the national standard closed structure (0.8) and GEA (0.8), and is smaller than the national standard wall (1.3), Shuangliang (1.4) and the current value of HTAC (1.3); The average value of the central high wind load concentration area is 1.71; Crosswind side: Body shape coefficient range (-0.53, 0.26); The average value of the crosswind side is 0.025; The average value of the left side high wind load concentration area is -0.19, which is close to the values ​​of GEA (0) and Shuangliang (0); both are lower than the national standard closed structure (-0.7) and the current HTAC value (-0.7); Leeward side: Calibration body shape coefficient range (-0.08, 0.12); The average value on the leeward side is 0.023; The average value of the central high wind load concentration area is 0.11; They are all lower than the national standard rectangular enclosed structure (-0.5), GEA (-0.5), Shuangliang (-0.5), and the current value of HTAC (-0.5), and the force directions are different.

[0041] Comparison of the two-way ambient wind flow field on the windward side of the curved windshield wall: From the comparison of the calibrated wind load shape coefficients on each side of the two-way wind, it can be seen that although the values ​​of each side are different, the wind load distribution trend is consistent. In comparison: The wind body shape coefficient values ​​on the windward side of the two-way wind vary greatly, with the average value (0.54; 0.9) close to GEA (0.8) and lower than Shuangliang (1.4) and HTAC (1.3); The wind body shape coefficient values ​​on the windward side of the two-way wind are not much different, and their average values ​​(0.035; 0.025) are close to GEA (0) and Shuangliang (0), and much smaller than HTAC (-0.7); The wind body shape coefficient values ​​on the leeward side of the two-way wind are not much different, and their average values ​​(0.016; 0.023) are much smaller than GEA (-0.5), Shuangliang (-0.5), and HTAC (-0.5), and the force directions are different.

[0042] The importance analysis of each surface is consistent with that of the rectangular windbreak wall. The comparison of the two windbreak wall structures is as follows: Comparison of external flow fields of ambient wind (along the steam distribution pipe direction) on the windward side of rectangular windshield and curved windshield: 1) The wind pressure at the arc section of the curved windbreak wall is much smaller than the wind pressure at the corresponding position of the rectangular windbreak wall; 2) The wind pressure value in the middle area of ​​the curved windbreak wall is lower than that in the corresponding position of the rectangular windbreak wall.

[0043] Comparison of external flow fields of the ambient wind (along the steam distribution pipe direction) on the side windward side of the rectangular windshield and the curved windshield: 1) The wind field distribution on the lateral side of the curved windbreak wall is more uniform, and the average wind pressures of the two windbreak wall configurations are generally close; 2) The wind pressure in the arc section of the curved windbreak wall is low, while the wind pressure in the rectangular windbreak wall area at the bottom of the arc section is relatively high.

[0044] Comparison of external flow fields of ambient wind (along the steam distribution pipe direction) on the leeward side of rectangular windshield and curved windshield: 1) The average wind pressure on the leeward side of the curved windbreak wall is lower than that of the rectangular windbreak wall, and the wind pressure at both ends is slightly higher than that in the middle area; 2) The force direction on the leeward side of the curved windbreak wall is different from that on the rectangular windbreak wall.

[0045] Comparison of external flow fields of the windward side of the rectangular windshield and the curved windshield (vertical to the direction of the steam distribution pipe): 1) The wind pressure at the arc section of the curved windbreak wall is much smaller than the wind pressure at the corresponding position of the rectangular windbreak wall; 2) The wind pressure value in the middle area of ​​the curved windbreak wall is close to that in the corresponding position of the rectangular windbreak wall.

[0046] Comparison of external flow fields of the ambient wind (vertical to the steam distribution pipe direction) on the side wind surface of the rectangular windshield and the curved windshield: 1) The wind pressure at the arc section of the curved windbreak wall is less than the wind pressure at the corresponding position of the rectangular windbreak wall; 2) The wind pressure at the rectangular end below the arc section of the curved windbreak wall is higher than that at the corresponding position of the rectangular windbreak wall.

[0047] Comparison of external flow fields of ambient wind (vertical to the direction of steam distribution pipe) on the leeward side of rectangular windbreak wall and curved windbreak wall: 1) The wind pressure value in the middle area of ​​the curved windbreak wall is greater than that at the corresponding position of the curved windbreak wall, and the wind pressure distribution and values ​​at other positions are similar.

[0048] The statistics of various wind pressures on rectangular / arc surfaces under two wind directions are shown in Tables 2 and 3 below

[0049]

[0050] Comparison of various tables and wind flow traces shows: 1) Except for the wind pressure values ​​below the arc section of the side windward surface and the center of the leeward surface in the windward direction of the vertical steam air distribution pipe, which are higher than the wind pressure at the corresponding position of the rectangular windbreak wall in the windward direction of the vertical steam air distribution pipe, the wind pressure distribution and wind pressure values ​​of the curved windbreak wall are better than those of the rectangular windbreak wall in the other four total situations of the two wind types (front / side / leeward surface); 2) In terms of total wind pressure, the total wind pressure on each side of the curved windbreak wall is much smaller than that of the rectangular windbreak wall; 3) There are obvious differences in wind pressure distribution on different surfaces, and the wind pressure distribution values ​​on the same surface vary greatly. When applying wind loads in future structural analysis, the wind load should be applied according to the wind direction and distribution, especially on the windward surface, instead of applying the same wind load to the entire surface according to the existing model.

[0051] 4) According to the idea of ​​summary and conservative value selection, the distribution of the corresponding body coefficient of the new wind load is as follows: The engineering application scheme of the wind load type coefficient of each side of the rectangular windbreak wall is as follows Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the shape coefficient of the lateral windward side of the rectangular windbreak wall is 0 (i.e., not applied, consistent with GEA and Shuangliang); the shape coefficient of the leeward side of the rectangular windbreak wall is -0.5 (the support reaction redundancy is increased without increasing the cost, which is consistent with GEA and Shuangliang).

[0052] The engineering application scheme of the wind load type coefficient on each side of the curved windbreak wall is as follows Fig. 9 and Fig.10 As shown, on the lateral windward side of the curved windbreak wall, the shape coefficient is 0 (i.e., not applied, which is consistent with GEA and Shuangliang); on the leeward side of the curved windbreak wall, the shape coefficient of the arc segment is (-0.1), and the shape coefficients at other positions are -0.5 (the support reaction redundancy is increased without increasing the cost, which is consistent with GEA and Shuangliang).

[0053] 3D3S analysis under the final wind load application mode, the structural weight of the curved windbreak wall and the rectangular windbreak wall under the traditional load and the new load application mode compared with the steel structure weight are shown in Tables 4 and 5:

[0054]

[0055] Compared with the traditional rectangular windbreak wall structure, when the curved windbreak wall structure is adopted, the average wind pressure along the windward side of the steam distribution pipe can be reduced by 33.9%, and the average wind pressure vertical to the windward side can be reduced by 20.7%; the structural weight of the curved windbreak wall and the rectangular windbreak wall under the traditional load and the new load application mode is reduced: 1) When the curved windshield wall is used, the overall structural usage of the air cooler is reduced by 6% due to the optimization of wind load, which is in line with the expectation that the use of the curved windshield wall can reduce the structural cost when the project was established; 2) For the windbreak wall, the structural usage of the curved windbreak wall is reduced by 16.42% compared with the rectangular traditional windbreak wall, which is lower than the reduction of the total wind pressure on the windward side by 20.7%; According to the analysis, the key controlling factor of the windbreak wall column is the slenderness ratio in the weak axis direction. Although the reduction of wind load can reduce the design strength of the windbreak wall column, the height and cross section of the windbreak wall column determine its slenderness ratio, and the cross section of the crossbeam on the windbreak wall is determined by the structural requirements and strength, so the amount cannot be effectively reduced. 3) For the part outside the windbreak wall, the amount of the fan platform surface does not change. The main controlling factor for this part is the weight and structure of the equipment on the upper part of the platform; 4) For the part outside the windbreak wall, the structural usage of the supporting structure under the fan platform surface of the curved windbreak wall is reduced by 11.72%; According to the analysis, this is mainly because this part of the supporting structure needs to bear the shear force and bending moment generated by the wind load of the windbreak wall. Due to the reduction of the total wind pressure borne by the curved windbreak wall, the structural dosage of this part has also been significantly reduced.

[0056] Embodiment 2: refer to Fig.11A direct air cooler includes a first tube bundle box 6, a second tube bundle box 7 and a steam distribution pipe 8. The upper ends of the first tube bundle box 6 and the second tube bundle box 7 are overlapped below the steam distribution pipe 8 to form a triangular heat exchange structure 5. The above-mentioned arc-shaped wind shielding wall structure is provided outside the heat exchange structure 5.

[0057] Embodiment 3: refer to Fig.12 , Fig.13 , Fig.14 and Fig.15 On the basis of the above embodiment, the upper wall 2 of the arc-shaped windshield wall structure includes a first upper wall 21, a second upper wall 22, a third upper wall 23 and a fourth upper wall 24. The width of the first upper wall 21 is the same as that of the third upper wall 23. The side ends of the first upper wall 21 are respectively connected to the side ends of the second upper wall 22 and the fourth upper wall 24. The first upper wall 21 and the third upper wall 23 are located parallel to the steam distribution pipe 8, i.e., on both sides of the heat exchange structure 5, so that the distance between the upper ends of the first upper wall 21 and the third upper wall 23 and the heat exchange structure 5 is greater than the distance between the lower ends and the heat exchange structure 5. The first upper wall 21 and the third upper wall 23 are both provided with an inner recess 25. The inner recess 25 is extended toward the heat exchange structure 5 relative to the first upper wall 21 or the third upper wall 23, so that the inner recess 25 is closer to the heat exchange structure 5 relative to the first upper wall 21 or the third upper wall 23. From the above embodiment, Figure 5 and Figure 6 It can be found that the load in the middle area of ​​the curved windshield wall is relatively large, especially in the area near the upper end of the upper wall 2, where the bending moment is relatively large. Therefore, it is more necessary to optimize it. Providing an inner recess 25 can change the size of the front load. Although it will increase the side load, it is much smaller than the front load. Therefore, the impact can be ignored during design. The reduction of the front load can save materials and reduce costs.

[0058] In one embodiment, the inner concave portion 25 includes a first inclined surface 26 and a second inclined surface 27, the first inclined surface 26 and the second inclined surface 27 intersect with a first edge 28, and the first edge 28 gradually extends from bottom to top toward the heat exchange structure 5. Multiple inner concave portions 25 can be provided according to actual conditions, and the angle between the first inclined surface 26 and the second inclined surface 27 is more reasonable at 120°-160°, and the angle between the first edge 28 and the horizontal plane of the platform is between 60°-85°. If the angle is too small, more construction materials will be consumed, and if the angle is too large, the effect is not obvious.

[0059] In one embodiment, the second upper wall 22 and the fourth upper wall 24 are located perpendicular to the steam distribution pipe 8, the second lower wall 1 is provided below the second upper wall 22, the second upper wall 22 and / or the second lower wall 1 are provided with a vent 29, the end plate 9 at the end surface of the heat exchange structure 5 is provided with an air inlet 91, the air inlet 91 is located obliquely below the first tube bundle box 6 and the second tube bundle box 7, and the vent 29 is connected to the air inlet 91. One side of the fourth upper wall 24 can adopt the same design as one side of the second upper wall 22.

[0060] In one embodiment, the vent 29 and the air inlet 91 are both triangular. Of course, a rectangular or circular structure also has similar functions, but the triangular air inlet is more stable for the heat exchange structure 5. The vent 29 is larger than the air inlet 91, so the conical structure 92 can be used to connect the vent 29 and the air inlet 91, so that the material utilization rate is higher and the cost of the direct air cooler is reduced. For easy maintenance, the conical structure 92 is provided with an openable door or designed to be a movable or rotating structure.

[0061] refer to Fig.14 , Fig.15 , Fig.16 and Fig.17 The vent 29 and / or the air inlet 91 are provided with a plurality of one-way blades 93, and the one-way blades 93 are provided with a configuration block 97. The one-way blades 93 are in a closed state under the action of gravity, but when the air pressure outside and inside the one-way blades 93 exceed a certain range, the one-way blades 93 can be rotated to open, so that the external air of the arc-shaped wind shielding wall structure can enter the first tube bundle box 6 and the second tube bundle box 7 through the vent 29 and the air inlet 91.

[0062] refer to Fig.16 In one embodiment, the one-way fan blade 93 is provided with an electric drive device 94 or a hydraulic drive device to achieve control of the opening size.

[0063] refer to Fig.13 , Fig.15 and Fig.17 In one embodiment, a wind shield 95 is provided below the first tube bundle box 6 and the second tube bundle box 7. The wind shield 95 is arranged in the vertical direction. The wind shield 95 is provided with a plurality of vents 96 extending in the horizontal direction. The width of the second upper wall 22 is the same as the width of the fourth upper wall 24. The width of the first upper wall 21 is greater than the width of the second upper wall 22.

[0064] Embodiment 4: refer to Fig.18 In one embodiment, a plurality of heat exchange structures 5 are provided in the arc-shaped windshield wall, and the heat exchange structures 5 are arranged in a matrix of multiple rows and columns. The number of inner recesses 25 and ventilation holes 29 can be increased in the arc-shaped windshield wall as needed.

[0065] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to reorder, add or delete steps. For example, the steps recorded in this application can be executed in parallel, sequentially or in different orders, as long as the expected results of the technical solution of this application can be achieved, and this document does not limit this.

[0066] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0067] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the present technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A curved windshield wall structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises a lower wall (1), an upper wall (2) and a curved wall (3), wherein the lower wall (1), the upper wall (2) and the curved wall (3) are of the same number and are arranged in the vertical direction, and each of the lower wall (1), the upper wall (2) and the curved wall (3) is provided with at least four pieces, the side end of the lower wall (1) is connected or fixed to the side end of another lower wall (1), the upper end of the lower wall (1) is connected or fixed to the lower end of the upper wall (2), the side end of the upper wall (2) is connected or fixed to the side end of the curved wall (3), the curved wall (3) is spaced from the upper wall (2) to achieve a rounded corner transition between the upper walls (2), and the curved wall (3) is connected to the two lower walls (1) via a horizontally or obliquely arranged angle plate (4).

2. The curved windshield wall structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the lower wall (1) is 2 meters to 5 meters, the horizontal cross-section of the curved wall (3) is in the shape of a quarter of a circle or a polygonal structure formed by connecting a plurality of short straight lines to form a near-circular arc, the arc radius of the curved wall (3) is 2 meters to 5 meters, and the higher the height of the lower wall (1), the larger the arc radius of the curved wall (3).

3. A direct air cooler, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first tube bundle box (6), a second tube bundle box (7) and a steam distribution pipe (8); the upper ends of the first tube bundle box (6) and the second tube bundle box (7) are overlapped below the steam distribution pipe (8) to form a triangular heat exchange structure (5); the heat exchange structure (5) is provided with an arc-shaped wind shielding wall structure as claimed in claim 1 or 2 on the outside.

4. The direct air cooler according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper wall (2) comprises a first upper wall (21), a second upper wall (22), a third upper wall (23) and a fourth upper wall (24); the width of the first upper wall (21) is the same as the width of the third upper wall (23); the side ends of both sides of the first upper wall (21) are respectively connected to the side ends of the second upper wall (22) and the fourth upper wall (24); the first upper wall (21) and the third upper wall (23) are located on both sides of the heat exchange structure (5) so that the first upper wall (21) and the third upper wall (23) are The distance between the upper end of the third upper wall (23) and the heat exchange structure (5) is greater than the distance between the lower end and the heat exchange structure (5); the first upper wall (21) and the third upper wall (23) are both provided with an inner recess (25); the inner recess (25) is extended toward the heat exchange structure (5) relative to the first upper wall (21) or the third upper wall (23), so that the inner recess (25) is closer to the heat exchange structure (5) relative to the first upper wall (21) or the third upper wall (23).

5. The direct air cooler according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner recess (25) comprises a first inclined surface (26) and a second inclined surface (27), wherein the first inclined surface (26) and the second inclined surface (27) intersect with a first edge (28), and the first edge (28) is gradually extended from bottom to top in the direction of the heat exchange structure (5).

6. The direct air cooler according to claim 3, 4 or 5, characterized in that: A second lower wall (1) is provided below the second upper wall (22); the second upper wall (22) and / or the second lower wall (1) are provided with a vent (29); an end surface of the heat exchange structure (5) is provided with an air inlet (91); the air inlet (91) is located obliquely below the first tube bundle box (6) and the second tube bundle box (7); and the vent (29) is in communication with the air inlet (91).

7. The direct air cooler according to claim 6, characterized in that: The ventilation opening (29) and the air inlet (91) are both in a triangular shape, and the ventilation opening (29) is larger than the air inlet (91).

8. The direct air cooler according to claim 7, characterized in that: The ventilation opening (29) and / or the air inlet (91) are provided with a plurality of one-way blades (93); the one-way blades (93) are in a closed state under the action of gravity; but when the air pressure outside and inside the one-way blades (93) exceed a certain range, the one-way blades (93) can be rotated to open, so that the external air of the arc-shaped wind shielding wall structure can enter the first tube bundle box (6) and the second tube bundle box (7) through the ventilation opening (29) and the air inlet (91).

9. The direct air cooler according to claim 8, characterized in that: The one-way fan blade (93) is provided with an electric drive device (94) or a hydraulic drive device to achieve control of the opening size.

10. The direct air cooler according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: A wind shield (95) is provided below the first tube bundle box (6) and the second tube bundle box (7), the wind shield (95) being arranged in a vertical direction, and a plurality of the heat exchange structures (5) are provided in the arc-shaped wind shield wall, the heat exchange structures (5) being arranged in a matrix of multiple rows and columns.

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