Zero-carbon conference room construction and operation and maintenance method

Abstract

The invention provides a zero-carbon conference room construction and operation and maintenance method, which comprises the following steps of: firstly, dividing a carbon emission space boundary, a carbon emission link and a carbon emission evaluation time boundary, establishing a conference room full-life-cycle carbon measurement and calculation model, evaluating the conference room full-life-cycle carbon emission, and optimizing related measures which do not meet the requirements of a zero-carbon conference room; a zero-carbon conference room carbon emission control index system is formulated, an energy management platform is developed, an intelligent control system is adopted to monitor the operation state, personnel density, environmental parameters and the like of each device in real time, and renewable energy power supply, energy storage power supply and commercial power ratio are continuously optimized by taking a comprehensive energy efficiency coefficient and a comprehensive economic coefficient as guidance and combining a big data technology. The zero-carbon conference room integrated construction scheme is provided from the three aspects of carbon control, zero carbon and negative carbon, the comprehensive energy efficiency index and the comprehensive economic index of the zero-carbon conference room are provided, the judgment basis is provided for energy selection of the zero-carbon conference room, and the scientific and effective technical support is provided for daily operation and maintenance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of zero-carbon building design, and in particular relates to a zero-carbon conference room construction and operation and maintenance method. Background Art

[0002] In current office life, there are many conference rooms, which are large in size and account for a large proportion of energy consumption, and there is a large space for energy conservation and carbon reduction. For example: the air-conditioning temperature of large conference rooms is generally low, and most conference rooms are under-staffed. The low cooling load leads to low indoor temperature, which increases human discomfort and greatly increases energy consumption; the lighting is always on, and no brightness adjustment or on-off measures are taken according to the meeting time or whether there are people in the room; during operation, there is a lack of effective energy-saving and incentive linkage mechanism, and the operation and maintenance unit lacks energy consumption management solutions and motivation. At present, there is no clear zero-carbon conference room construction plan for zero-carbon conference rooms, and its spatial boundaries and time boundaries are unclear. It is difficult to accurately calculate and account for the carbon emissions of conference rooms, and a mature and effective zero-carbon conference room complete solution has not yet been formed. In response to the above problems, it is urgent to build a scalable and replicable solution for zero-carbon conference rooms to provide important technical support for green buildings. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for constructing and operating a zero-carbon conference room, which solves the problems existing in the prior art, such as high energy consumption of conference rooms, difficult energy consumption management, unclear zero-carbon conference room construction plans and their spatial and temporal boundaries, and difficulty in calculating carbon emissions.

[0004] The present invention achieves the above technical objectives through the following technical means.

[0005] A zero-carbon conference room construction and operation and maintenance method includes the following processes:

[0006] Step 1: Divide the carbon emission space boundary and carbon emission link of the conference room, and the carbon emission evaluation time boundary;

[0007] Step 2: Based on the division in step 1, establish a carbon measurement model for the entire life cycle of the conference room:

[0008] Carbon storage = carbon emission - carbon sink - carbon trading;

[0009] Step 3: Evaluate the carbon emissions of the conference room throughout its life cycle. If the carbon inventory is greater than zero, it indicates that the zero-carbon conference room requirements are not met. Go to steps 4 and 5 in turn. Otherwise, go to step 6.

[0010] Step 4: Take zero-carbon optimization measures for situations that do not meet the requirements of zero-carbon conference rooms. Zero-carbon optimization measures include carbon control, zero carbon, and negative carbon. Carbon control measures refer to taking optimization measures to reduce carbon emissions from existing systems in conference rooms. Zero-carbon measures refer to applying renewable energy to existing systems in conference rooms, resulting in zero carbon emissions. Negative carbon measures refer to capturing, fixing, and utilizing carbon emissions through technical measures to reduce existing carbon emissions.

[0011] Step 5: Develop a carbon emission control index system for zero-carbon conference rooms, calculate the comprehensive energy efficiency coefficient and comprehensive economic coefficient; develop an energy management platform at the same time, and use an intelligent control system to monitor the operating status of each device, personnel density, and environmental parameters in real time. Guided by the comprehensive energy efficiency coefficient and comprehensive economic coefficient, combine big data technology for data mining, continuously optimize the proportion of renewable energy power supply, energy storage power supply, and city power supply, and further refine the implementation of carbon control, zero carbon, and negative carbon measures in step 4;

[0012] Step 6: Archive the design plan that meets the requirements of the zero-carbon conference room.

[0013] Furthermore, in step 2, the calculation of carbon emissions is specifically as follows:

[0014] Carbon emissions from tap water: Carbon emissions = water consumption × (comprehensive carbon emission factor for water treatment + electricity consumption per unit of water transport × carbon emission factor per unit of city electricity);

[0015] Carbon emissions from domestic hot water: Carbon emissions = water consumption × (comprehensive carbon emission factor for water treatment + carbon emission factor for water heating + electricity used for water transportation × carbon emission factor per unit of mains electricity);

[0016] Carbon emissions from air conditioning, ventilation, lighting, projection, and audio equipment: Carbon emissions = electricity consumption × unit electricity carbon emission factor;

[0017] Direct transportation carbon emissions: Carbon emissions = driving distance × carbon emission factor per unit distance;

[0018] Carbon emissions from conference and reception services: Carbon emissions from paper materials = comprehensive carbon emission factor per unit weight × paper consumption; Carbon emissions from garbage disposal = comprehensive carbon emission factor per unit weight × garbage consumption;

[0019] Accommodation carbon emissions: Public area carbon emissions = public area water (electricity) consumption × water (electricity) carbon emission factor / total number of accommodation guests × number of attendees;

[0020] Carbon emissions from catering: Carbon emissions from electricity used by kitchen equipment = electricity consumption × carbon emission factor per unit of mains electricity; Carbon emissions from gas used for cooking = gas consumption × carbon emission factor per unit of gas;

[0021] Indirect transportation carbon emissions: Carbon emissions generated by material transportation and other links = driving distance × carbon emission factor per unit distance.

[0022] Furthermore, in step 4, the carbon control measures include: using building materials with excellent thermal insulation performance, smart windows, and automatic lifting curtains to reduce structural heat and cold losses; selecting energy-efficient electrical equipment; realizing paperless meetings through digital platforms; low-carbon transportation; smart lighting system: using LED lamps and installing smart lighting control systems, through sensors, controllers and software, combined with Internet of Things technology, remote automatic control of lighting equipment, including timing control, light sensing control, scene control, motion detection control, and partition control; based on the real-time collection and analysis of relevant parameters of the smart air-conditioning system, obtaining body temperature data, and intelligently controlling the indoor temperature accordingly;

[0023] Zero-carbon measures include: using solar power systems to cover the electricity needs of conference rooms; using solar thermal systems to provide hot water for conference rooms; using wind power auxiliary systems to further supplement energy needs; installing ground source heat pumps to heat or cool conference rooms; using food waste and other organic waste as raw materials to make biomass digesters; using the by-products of biomass digesters to further support sustainable agriculture;

[0024] Negative carbon measures include: installing carbon capture equipment and integrating it into existing ventilation systems to purify the air and reduce carbon footprint; using captured carbon dioxide to produce synthetic fuels or other chemicals, or sealing it underground or in other safe storage facilities; setting up vertical green walls and green roofs; installing intelligent monitoring systems to monitor carbon dioxide concentrations and capture efficiency in conference rooms in real time; reducing carbon emissions through waste resource processing; and for carbon spills, offsetting carbon emissions generated during meetings through afforestation and purchasing carbon credits.

[0025] Furthermore, in step 5, the comprehensive energy efficiency coefficient includes renewable energy and non-renewable energy, the energy conversion efficiency of renewable energy is 1, and the energy conversion efficiency of non-renewable energy includes conversion into two forms: electrical energy and thermal energy:

[0026] Converted into electrical energy:

[0027]

[0028] Among them, η is the comprehensive energy efficiency coefficient, m is the type of renewable energy, α m is the proportion of electricity generated by type m renewable energy, i is the total number of renewable energy sources, n is the type of non-renewable energy, α n is the proportion of electricity generated by type n non-renewable energy, j is the total amount of non-renewable energy, e n The chemical energy-electrical energy conversion efficiency of non-renewable energy;

[0029] Converted into heat energy:

[0030]

[0031] Among them, ω m is the proportion of heat generated by type m renewable energy, ω n is the proportion of electricity generated by type n non-renewable energy, q n Chemical energy-thermal energy conversion efficiency for non-renewable energy sources;

[0032] For cogeneration power plants, the efficiency of converting chemical energy into electrical energy and thermal energy is relatively low, but its overall energy efficiency is high. When calculating indicators, the equivalent power generation efficiency is proposed. The equivalent power generation efficiency refers to the chemical energy-electrical energy conversion efficiency of non-renewable energy sources:

[0033]

[0034] Among them, ε 1 is the equivalent power generation efficiency, E 1 is the power generation of the thermal power co-generation equipment, Q 1 is the heat generated by the heat and power equipment, 1 is the thermal efficiency of pure heating equipment, κ 1 is the power generation efficiency of pure power supply equipment, G is the chemical energy of non-renewable energy;

[0035] Similarly, the equivalent heating efficiency is proposed, which refers to the chemical energy-thermal energy conversion efficiency of non-renewable energy:

[0036]

[0037] Among them, ε 2 is the equivalent heating efficiency, Q 2 is the heat generated by the heat and power equipment, E 2 is the power generation of the thermal power co-generation equipment, ξ 2 is the power generation efficiency of pure power generation equipment, κ 2 It is the heating efficiency of pure heating equipment.

[0038] Furthermore, in step 5, the comprehensive economic coefficient includes:

[0039] Comprehensive economic coefficient of electric energy:

[0040]

[0041] Among them, e 1 is the comprehensive economic coefficient of electric energy, q c1 is the electricity consumption of the city power, p 1 is the city electricity price, i 1 Initial investment in renewable energy equipment, y 1 is the depreciation period of renewable energy equipment, q 1 For all electricity consumption;

[0042] Comprehensive economic coefficient of thermal energy:

[0043]

[0044] Among them, e 2 is the comprehensive economic coefficient of thermal energy, q c2 is the municipal heat consumption, p 2 is the municipal heating unit price, i 2 Initial investment in renewable energy equipment, y 2 is the depreciation period of renewable energy equipment, q 2 For all uses heat.

[0045] Furthermore, in step 5, the ratio of renewable energy power supply, energy storage power supply and city power supply is continuously optimized, and the implementation of carbon control, zero carbon and negative carbon measures in step 4 is further refined, including:

[0046] The energy dispatch method with the highest comprehensive energy efficiency coefficient: direct supply from renewable energy is preferred, followed by energy storage from renewable energy, then direct supply from the mains, and finally energy storage from the mains;

[0047] During the day: Wind power and photovoltaic power directly supply power to the conference room. The shortfall is supplied by renewable energy storage, and the shortfall is supplied by the mains. If there is enough wind power and photovoltaic power to supply the conference room, the surplus power will be stored;

[0048] At night: Wind power directly supplies power to the conference room. If there is enough wind power to supply the conference room, the surplus power will be stored; if there is insufficient wind power to supply the conference room, wind power and photovoltaic power generation and energy storage will be used to supply power; if it is still insufficient, the shortfall will be supplied by the mains, and the mains will charge the energy storage at the same time;

[0049] The comprehensive energy dispatch method based on the highest comprehensive economic coefficient:

[0050] Comprehensive unit price of wind power = (initial investment of wind power equipment - residual value) / total power generation estimated during operating life;

[0051] Comprehensive unit price of photovoltaic power generation = (initial investment of photovoltaic equipment - residual value) / total power generation estimated during operating life;

[0052] Comprehensive unit price of energy storage power supply = (initial investment of energy storage equipment - residual value) / total power generation estimated during operating life;

[0053] During peak hours, the comprehensive unit prices of wind power, photovoltaic power generation, and energy storage are compared, and the method with the lowest unit price is selected to supply electricity. For the part with insufficient energy supply, other energy sources are selected in order of price from low to high. During valley hours, the method with the lowest unit price is selected to supply electricity (except for energy storage power supply). For the part with insufficient energy supply, other energy sources are selected in order of price from low to high, and the energy storage device is charged at the same time.

[0054] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0055] This invention defines the spatial and temporal boundaries of a zero-carbon conference room, puts forward the concept of "carbon storage", and proposes an integrated construction plan for a zero-carbon conference room from the three aspects of carbon control, zero carbon, and negative carbon; in view of the diverse forms of energy supply in conference rooms, comprehensive energy efficiency indicators and comprehensive economic indicators for zero-carbon conference rooms are proposed from the perspectives of energy saving and economy, providing a basis for judging energy selection for zero-carbon conference rooms; in view of the current status and prices of energy supply, from the two perspectives of highest comprehensive energy efficiency and highest comprehensive economy, a refined energy supply strategy for zero-carbon conference rooms is proposed, providing scientific and effective technical support for the daily operation and maintenance of zero-carbon conference rooms. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of intelligent lighting control;

[0057] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of energy scheduling based on the highest comprehensive energy efficiency coefficient during the day;

[0058] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of energy dispatch based on the highest comprehensive energy efficiency coefficient at night; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0060] The zero-carbon conference room construction and operation and maintenance method described in the present invention includes the following process:

[0061] Step 1: Divide the carbon emission space boundary and carbon emission link of the conference room, and the carbon emission evaluation time boundary;

[0062] The spatial boundary of carbon emissions in the conference room: the spatial structure formed by the maintenance structure of the conference room and the material and energy transportation required for the normal convening of the meeting;

[0063] Carbon emissions include direct carbon emissions and indirect carbon emissions. Direct carbon emissions refer to electricity, water, gas, coal, oil, materials, and transportation energy from the building / park entrance to the conference room. Indirect carbon emissions refer to food, water, and accommodation electricity used to serve the conference room, as well as transportation energy from the departure point to the building / park where the conference room is located.

[0064] Time boundary for carbon emission evaluation: In view of the intermittent and annual use of conference rooms, it is proposed to use one year as the time boundary to avoid unscientific and inaccurate carbon emission accounting in conference rooms.

[0065] Step 2: Based on the division in step 1, the concept of "carbon storage" of zero-carbon conference rooms is proposed, and a carbon measurement model for the entire life cycle of conference rooms is established;

[0066] Carbon storage = carbon emission - carbon sink - carbon trading

[0067] In the formula, carbon sink refers to the total amount of carbon emissions reduced through carbon capture and carbon absorption; carbon trading refers to the total amount of carbon emissions reduced through carbon market transactions; carbon emissions include: carbon emissions from tap water; carbon emissions from domestic hot water; carbon emissions from air conditioning, ventilation, lighting, projection, audio and other equipment; carbon emissions from direct transportation; carbon emissions from conference and reception services; carbon emissions from accommodation; carbon emissions from catering; and carbon emissions from indirect transportation. The specific calculation of carbon emissions is as follows:

[0068] (1) Carbon emissions from tap water: including carbon emissions from water treatment and carbon emissions from water pumping;

[0069] Carbon emissions = water consumption × (comprehensive carbon emission factor of water treatment + electricity consumption per unit of water transportation × carbon emission factor per unit of city electricity)

[0070] In the formula, water consumption is counted according to the water meter; the comprehensive carbon emission factor of water treatment is provided by the water supply plant where the conference room is located; the unit water transportation electricity consumption is read according to the electric energy meter equipped with the conference room water pump, and the unit city electricity carbon emission factor is provided by the power plant where the conference room is located;

[0071] (2) Carbon emissions from domestic hot water: including carbon emissions from water treatment, water heating and water pumping;

[0072] Carbon emissions = water consumption × (comprehensive carbon emission factor of water treatment + carbon emission factor of water heating + electricity used for water transportation × carbon emission factor per unit of mains electricity)

[0073] In the formula, water consumption is counted according to the water meter; the comprehensive carbon emission factor of water treatment is provided by the water supply plant where the conference room is located; the water heating emission factor is provided by the thermal power plant or read according to the electric energy meter equipped with the electric heater, among which the carbon emission factor provided by the thermal power plant should take into account the transmission and distribution loss of the hot water system, the heat loss of the pipeline, and the heat loss of the secondary circulation and storage of domestic hot water; the electricity used for water transportation is read according to the electric energy meter equipped with the conference room water pump; the unit city electricity carbon emission factor is provided by the power plant where the conference room is located;

[0074] (3) Carbon emissions from air conditioning, ventilation, lighting, projection, audio and other equipment: Carbon emissions = electricity consumption × unit electricity carbon emission factor;

[0075] In the formula, electricity consumption is counted according to the electricity meter, and the unit city electricity carbon emission factor is provided by the power plant where the conference room is located;

[0076] (4) Direct transportation carbon emissions: refers to the carbon emissions generated by transportation activities directly related to the meeting, including the carbon emissions generated by the transportation (cars, planes, trains, etc.) used by participants to travel from their homes or offices to the meeting place;

[0077] Carbon emissions = driving distance × carbon emission factor per unit distance

[0078] In the formula, the carbon emission factor per unit distance is analyzed specifically according to different modes of transportation;

[0079] 1) For public transportation such as buses, airplanes, and trains, the carbon emission factor per unit distance = carbon emission per unit distance ÷ number of passengers × number of participants;

[0080] To improve the accuracy of the calculation, the calculation is divided into sections between stations, and the carbon emission factor is calculated dynamically according to the number of people between different stations;

[0081] 2) For private cars and other special vehicles, the carbon emission factor per unit distance is determined based on the vehicle's emission standards, fuel type, mileage and other factors;

[0082] (5) Carbon emissions from conference and reception services, mainly including paper materials and waste disposal;

[0083] Carbon emissions from paper materials = comprehensive carbon emission factor per unit weight × paper consumption

[0084] In the formula, paper materials include raw material collection, production and processing, transportation and other links, and their comprehensive carbon emission factor is provided by the paper mill.

[0085] Carbon emissions from garbage disposal = comprehensive carbon emission factor per unit weight × amount of garbage

[0086] Garbage treatment carbon includes garbage transportation and centralized treatment (landfill, incineration, composting). The calculation method of garbage transportation carbon emissions is the same as that of private cars. In the formula, the carbon emission factor of centralized treatment varies due to different treatment methods, which can be determined by comprehensive calculations of the garbage treatment plant.

[0087] (6) Accommodation carbon emissions: mainly include electricity and water consumption, and the calculation method is the same as "air conditioning, ventilation, lighting, projection, audio and other equipment", "tap water" and "domestic hot water". In addition, in order to improve the calculation accuracy, the electricity and water consumption in the hotel's public areas needs to be included in the accommodation carbon emissions.

[0088] Carbon emissions in public areas = water (electricity) usage in public areas × carbon emission factor of water (electricity) / total number of guests × number of attendees;

[0089] (7) Carbon emissions from catering: including electricity consumption of kitchen equipment and gas used for cooking;

[0090] Carbon emissions from kitchen equipment electricity consumption = electricity consumption × unit electricity carbon emission factor

[0091] Carbon emissions from cooking gas = gas usage × unit gas carbon emission factor

[0092] In the formula, the unit city electricity carbon emission factor and unit gas carbon emission factor are provided by the power plant and gas company where the conference room is located respectively;

[0093] (8) Indirect transportation carbon emissions: refers to the carbon emissions generated by transportation activities indirectly related to the meeting, including the carbon emissions generated by the transportation of materials required for the meeting (such as meeting materials, equipment, food, etc.).

[0094] Carbon emissions from material transportation and other links = driving distance × carbon emission factor per unit distance

[0095] In the formula, the carbon emission factor per unit distance is determined comprehensively based on factors such as the vehicle's emission standards, fuel type, and mileage.

[0096] Step 3: Evaluate the carbon emissions of the conference room over its entire life cycle;

[0097] The requirement for a zero-carbon conference room is that the carbon stock must be zero, that is, the carbon inflow and carbon outflow are the same; based on the measurement in step 2, when the carbon stock is greater than zero, it indicates that the requirements for a zero-carbon conference room are not met, and steps 4 and 5 are performed in sequence, otherwise step 6 is performed.

[0098] Step 4: Take relevant measures to optimize zero-carbon for conference rooms that do not meet the requirements of zero-carbon conference rooms. Zero-carbon optimization measures include carbon control, zero carbon, and negative carbon. The details are as follows:

[0099] (a) Carbon control measures;

[0100] Carbon control measures refer to taking optimization measures to reduce carbon emissions from existing systems in conference rooms;

[0101] (1) Improve the thermal insulation performance of building maintenance structures, use building materials with excellent thermal insulation performance, smart windows, automatic lifting curtains, etc., to reduce the heat loss of maintenance structures;

[0102] (2) Use eco-friendly equipment and materials: Choose energy-efficient electrical appliances, such as energy-saving refrigerators and microwave ovens; realize paperless meetings through digital platforms, reduce the consumption of paper and other resources, and realize paperless meetings;

[0103] (3) Intelligent lighting system: LED lamps are used and intelligent lighting control systems are installed. Through sensors, controllers and software, combined with Internet of Things technology, remote automatic control of lighting equipment is achieved, and the brightness is automatically adjusted according to usage, such as Figure 1 As shown, the control methods include:

[0104] ① Timing control: automatically turn on and off the lights according to the preset meeting schedule.

[0105] ②Light sensing control: Detect the ambient light intensity through the light sensor and automatically adjust the indoor lighting brightness.

[0106] ③Scene control: Automatically switch lighting modes according to different usage scenarios (divided into three states: meeting, rest, and idle according to the characteristics of conference room usage).

[0107] ④ Motion and stillness detection control: Use infrared or ultrasonic sensors to detect whether there is someone in the room and automatically turn the lights on and off.

[0108] ⑤Zone control: Divide the lighting area into several small areas and control the lighting separately according to the usage of each area.

[0109] (4) Intelligent air conditioning system:

[0110] 1) The perceived temperature is related to many factors, including air temperature, wall temperature, air flow velocity, air humidity, solar radiation intensity, and population density. Based on this, the formula for estimating the perceived temperature is proposed:

[0111] T felt =T+(0.3×(100-RH))-(0.7×V)+(R·α)+w·n·β

[0112] Where: T felt is the perceived temperature in °C; T is the actual air temperature in °C; RH is the relative humidity in %; V is the wind speed in m / s; R is the solar radiation intensity in w / ㎡; α is a constant related to the unit of solar radiation intensity, which is related to factors such as room size coefficient, window-to-wall ratio, glass type, wall material, etc. and is determined based on experimental results; w is the radiant heat dissipation of one person in w; n is the population density in person / ㎡; β is the correction factor;

[0113] 2) Combined with the questionnaire method, the most comfortable temperature range is obtained;

[0114] 3) Based on the intelligent air conditioning system, relevant parameters are collected and analyzed in real time to obtain the perceived temperature;

[0115] ① Perceiving the environment: Using sensors to perceive environmental parameters such as indoor temperature, humidity, air flow rate, and solar radiation intensity.

[0116] ②Data processing: The perceived environmental data is transmitted to the control system of the smart air conditioner for processing.

[0117] ③Control algorithm: The control system of the smart air conditioner uses a built-in control algorithm to analyze and judge the current environmental conditions, and make corresponding adjustments based on the preset set values ​​and user needs (the most comfortable temperature range).

[0118] ④ Adjust the temperature: According to the results of the control algorithm, the smart air conditioner will start or stop the cooling or heating function to adjust the indoor temperature.

[0119] ⑤ Energy efficiency management: Automatically adjust the operating mode and power according to actual needs to improve energy utilization efficiency.

[0120] ⑥ Remote control: Smart air conditioners can be connected to smartphones or other smart devices via wireless networks. Users can remotely control the air conditioner's switching, temperature adjustment, mode selection and other functions through mobile applications or cloud platforms.

[0121] ⑦ Learning and adaptation: It has learning and adaptation functions, automatically adjusts the working mode by analyzing user habits and behavior patterns, and provides energy-saving operation solutions.

[0122] (5) Low-carbon transportation:

[0123] 1) Shared travel platform: Connect with shared car, bicycle and other transportation systems to reduce the carbon footprint of the conference room.

[0124] 2) High-quality remote conferencing system: Equipped with advanced video conferencing equipment, remote participation is encouraged and travel needs are reduced.

[0125] 3) Zero-carbon conference halls are located on lower floors to reduce elevator usage.

[0126] (ii) Zero-carbon measures;

[0127] Zero-carbon measures refer to the application of renewable energy to the existing systems in the meeting room, which produces zero carbon emissions;

[0128] (1) Solar power generation system: High-efficiency solar panels are installed on the roof and exterior walls of the conference room to generate renewable electricity to cover the conference room’s electricity needs.

[0129] (2) Solar thermal system: Solar collectors are installed on the roof and ground of the conference room to provide hot water for the conference room.

[0130] (3) Wind energy auxiliary system: integrated small wind turbines, especially suitable for high-rise buildings, to further supplement energy needs.

[0131] (4) Ground source heat pump: A ground source heat pump system is installed around the building where the conference room is located to provide heating or cooling for the conference room.

[0132] (5) Biomass digesters: Using food waste and other organic waste as raw materials not only reduces the cost of waste treatment but also effectively manages waste. The by-products of biomass digesters, such as sludge and liquid biogas, are used as fertilizers, further supporting sustainable agriculture.

[0133] (iii) negative carbon measures;

[0134] Negative carbon measures refer to the use of technical measures to capture, fix and utilize carbon emissions to reduce existing carbon emissions;

[0135] (1) Carbon capture and storage technology

[0136] Carbon capture: Installing small carbon capture devices in meeting rooms can capture carbon dioxide directly from the air. These devices can be integrated into existing ventilation systems, not only cleaning the air but also reducing the carbon footprint.

[0137] (2) Carbon utilization: Carbon dioxide can also be used to produce synthetic fuels or other chemicals, further realizing the recycling of resources.

[0138] (3) Carbon sequestration: The captured CO2 is stored underground or in other safe storage facilities to ensure that it does not re-enter the atmosphere.

[0139] (4) Install vertical green walls and green roofs to improve air quality and increase aesthetics.

[0140] (5) Establish an intelligent carbon management system: Install an intelligent monitoring system to monitor the carbon dioxide concentration and capture efficiency in the conference room in real time to ensure the efficient operation of the system.

[0141] (6) Waste management: Optimize waste management, encourage the use of reusable items and reduce disposable items; reduce carbon emissions through waste resource processing.

[0142] (8) For carbon spillover: offset the carbon emissions generated during the conference by planting trees and purchasing carbon credits, and allow units to purchase project-level emission reduction credits to offset emissions.

[0143] Step 5: Develop a carbon emission control index system for zero-carbon conference rooms, calculate the comprehensive energy efficiency coefficient and comprehensive economic coefficient; at the same time, develop an energy management platform, combine multiple energy systems to form a comprehensive energy system, and use an intelligent control system to monitor the operating status of each device, personnel density, environmental parameters, etc. in real time. Guided by the comprehensive energy efficiency coefficient and comprehensive economic coefficient, combined with big data technology for data mining, continuously optimize the proportion of renewable energy power supply, energy storage power supply, and city power supply, that is, further refine the implementation of carbon control, zero carbon, and negative carbon measures in step 4 to ensure that the best efficiency can be maintained under different usage conditions. Combined with a visual interface, relevant personnel can view energy consumption data in real time to encourage low-carbon behavior, as follows:

[0144] Step 5.1: Develop a carbon emission control index system for zero-carbon conference rooms, including two indicators: comprehensive energy efficiency coefficient and comprehensive economic coefficient. Based on these indicators, select the energy type for zero-carbon conference rooms to improve the energy utilization efficiency of zero-carbon conference rooms.

[0145] Comprehensive energy efficiency coefficient: including renewable energy and non-renewable energy. Since renewable energy is inexhaustible, its energy conversion efficiency is set to 1. The energy conversion efficiency of non-renewable energy includes conversion into two forms: electrical energy and thermal energy:

[0146] (1)Conversion into electrical energy:

[0147]

[0148] Among them, η is the comprehensive energy efficiency coefficient, m is the type of renewable energy, α m is the proportion of electricity generated by type m renewable energy, i is the total number of renewable energy sources, n is the type of non-renewable energy, α n is the proportion of electricity generated by type n non-renewable energy, j is the total amount of non-renewable energy, e n The chemical energy-electrical energy conversion efficiency of non-renewable energy;

[0149] (2)Conversion into heat energy:

[0150]

[0151] Among them, η is the comprehensive energy efficiency coefficient, m is the type of renewable energy, ω m is the proportion of heat generated by type m renewable energy, i is the total number of renewable energy sources, n is the type of non-renewable energy, ω n is the proportion of electricity generated by type n non-renewable energy, j is the total amount of non-renewable energy, q n Chemical energy-thermal energy conversion efficiency for non-renewable energy sources;

[0152] (3) For cogeneration power plants, the efficiency of converting chemical energy into electrical energy and thermal energy is relatively low, but the overall energy efficiency is relatively high. When calculating the above indicators, the equivalent power generation efficiency is proposed (equivalent power generation efficiency refers to the chemical energy-electrical energy conversion efficiency of non-renewable energy sources) to improve the accuracy of the overall energy efficiency calculation:

[0153]

[0154] Among them, ε 1 is the equivalent power generation efficiency, E 1 is the power generation of the thermal power co-generation equipment, Q 1 is the heat generated by the heat and power equipment, 1 is the thermal efficiency of pure heating equipment, κ 1 is the power generation efficiency of pure power supply equipment, G is the chemical energy of non-renewable energy;

[0155] (4) Similarly, the equivalent heating efficiency is proposed (equivalent heating efficiency refers to the chemical energy-thermal energy conversion efficiency of non-renewable energy):

[0156]

[0157] Among them, ε 2 is the equivalent heating efficiency, Q 2 is the heat generated by the heat and power equipment, E 2 is the power generation of the thermal power co-generation equipment, ξ 2 is the power generation efficiency of pure power generation equipment, κ 2 It is the heating efficiency of pure heating equipment.

[0158] Comprehensive economic coefficient:

[0159] (1) Comprehensive economic coefficient of electric energy:

[0160]

[0161] Among them, e 1 is the comprehensive economic coefficient of electric energy, q c1 is the electricity consumption of the city power, p 1 is the city electricity price, i 1 Initial investment in renewable energy equipment, y 1 is the depreciation period of renewable energy equipment, q 1 For all electricity consumption;

[0162] (2) Comprehensive economic coefficient of thermal energy:

[0163]

[0164] Among them, e 2 is the comprehensive economic coefficient of thermal energy, q c2 is the municipal heat consumption, p 2 is the municipal heating unit price, i 2 Initial investment in renewable energy equipment, y 2 is the depreciation period of renewable energy equipment, q 2 For all uses heat.

[0165] Step 5.2: Develop an energy management platform, combine the comprehensive energy efficiency coefficient and the comprehensive economic coefficient, implement two comprehensive energy dispatch strategies, and dispatch the proportion of renewable energy and non-renewable energy:

[0166] Reference Figure 2 , 3 As shown in the figure, based on the energy dispatch method with the highest comprehensive energy efficiency coefficient: direct supply of renewable energy is preferred, followed by renewable energy storage supply, then direct supply of mains electricity, and finally mains storage supply;

[0167] During the day: Wind power and photovoltaic power directly supply power to the conference room. The shortfall is supplied by renewable energy storage, and the shortfall is supplied by the mains. If there is enough wind power and photovoltaic power to supply the conference room, the surplus power will be stored;

[0168] At night: Wind power directly supplies power to the conference room. If there is excess wind power to supply the conference room, the surplus power will be stored; if there is insufficient wind power to supply the conference room, wind power and photovoltaic power storage will be used to supply power; if it is still insufficient, the shortfall will be supplied by municipal power, and the municipal power will charge the energy storage at the same time.

[0169] The comprehensive energy dispatch method based on the highest comprehensive economic coefficient:

[0170] Comprehensive unit price of wind power = (initial investment in wind power equipment - residual value) / total power generation estimated during operating life.

[0171] The comprehensive unit price of photovoltaic power generation = (initial investment in photovoltaic equipment - residual value) / total power generation estimated during the operating life.

[0172] The comprehensive unit price of energy storage power supply = (initial investment in energy storage equipment - residual value) / total power generation estimated during the operating life.

[0173] The peak price of city electricity is generally during the day, and the valley price of city electricity is generally at night.

[0174] During peak hours, the comprehensive unit prices of wind power, photovoltaic power generation, and energy storage are compared, and the lowest unit price method is selected for power supply. For the insufficient energy supply, other energy sources are selected in order of price from low to high. During valley hours, the lowest unit price method is selected for power supply (except energy storage power supply), and for the insufficient energy supply, other energy sources are selected in order of price from low to high, and the energy storage device is charged at the same time.

[0175] Step 6: Archive the conference room design plan that meets the zero-carbon conference room requirements.

[0176] The embodiments are preferred implementations of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned implementations. Any obvious improvements, substitutions or modifications that can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the essential content of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for constructing and operating a zero-carbon conference room, characterized in that: The process includes the following: Step 1: Divide the carbon emission space boundary and carbon emission link of the conference room, and the carbon emission evaluation time boundary; Step 2: Based on the division in step 1, establish a carbon measurement model for the entire life cycle of the conference room: Carbon storage = carbon emission - carbon sink - carbon trading; Step 3: Evaluate the carbon emissions of the conference room throughout its life cycle. If the carbon inventory is greater than zero, it indicates that the zero-carbon conference room requirements are not met. Go to steps 4 and 5 in turn. Otherwise, go to step 6. Step 4: Take optimization measures for situations that do not meet the requirements of zero-carbon conference rooms. The optimization measures include carbon control, zero carbon, and negative carbon measures; Step 5: Develop a carbon emission control index system for zero-carbon conference rooms, calculate the comprehensive energy efficiency coefficient and comprehensive economic coefficient; develop an energy management platform at the same time, and use an intelligent control system to monitor the operating status of each device, personnel density, and environmental parameters in real time. Guided by the comprehensive energy efficiency coefficient and comprehensive economic coefficient, combine big data technology for data mining, continuously optimize the proportion of renewable energy power supply, energy storage power supply, and city power supply, and further refine the implementation of carbon control, zero carbon, and negative carbon measures in step 4; Step 6: Archive the design plan that meets the requirements of the zero-carbon conference room.

2. The zero-carbon conference room construction and operation and maintenance method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 2, the calculation of carbon emissions is as follows: Carbon emissions from tap water: Carbon emissions = water consumption × (comprehensive carbon emission factor for water treatment + electricity consumption per unit of water transport × carbon emission factor per unit of city electricity); Carbon emissions from domestic hot water: Carbon emissions = water consumption × (comprehensive carbon emission factor for water treatment + carbon emission factor for water heating + electricity used for water transportation × carbon emission factor per unit of mains electricity); Carbon emissions from air conditioning, ventilation, lighting, projection, and audio equipment: Carbon emissions = electricity consumption × unit electricity carbon emission factor; Direct transportation carbon emissions: Carbon emissions = driving distance × carbon emission factor per unit distance; Carbon emissions from conference and reception services: Carbon emissions from paper materials = comprehensive carbon emission factor per unit weight × paper consumption; Carbon emissions from garbage disposal = comprehensive carbon emission factor per unit weight × garbage consumption; Accommodation carbon emissions: Public area carbon emissions = public area water (electricity) consumption × water (electricity) carbon emission factor / total number of accommodation guests × number of attendees; Carbon emissions from catering: Carbon emissions from electricity used by kitchen equipment = electricity consumption × carbon emission factor per unit of mains electricity; Carbon emissions from gas used for cooking = gas consumption × carbon emission factor per unit of gas; Indirect transportation carbon emissions: Carbon emissions generated by material transportation and other links = driving distance × carbon emission factor per unit distance.

3. The zero-carbon conference room construction and operation and maintenance method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 4, the carbon control measures include: using building materials with heat insulation properties, smart windows, and automatic lifting curtains to reduce structural heat and cold losses; selecting high-efficiency energy-saving electrical equipment; realizing paperless meetings through digital platforms; low-carbon transportation; using LED lamps and installing intelligent lighting control systems, and remotely and automatically controlling lighting equipment through sensors, controllers, and software in combination with Internet of Things technology, including timing control, light sensing control, scene control, motion and stillness detection control, and partition control; based on the real-time collection and analysis of relevant parameters of the intelligent air-conditioning system, obtaining body temperature data, and intelligently controlling the indoor temperature accordingly; Zero-carbon measures include: using solar power systems to cover the electricity needs of conference rooms; using solar thermal systems to provide hot water for conference rooms; using wind power auxiliary systems to further supplement energy needs; installing ground source heat pumps to heat or cool conference rooms; using food waste and other organic waste as raw materials to make biomass digesters; using the by-products of biomass digesters to further support sustainable agriculture; Negative carbon measures include: installing carbon capture equipment and integrating it into existing ventilation systems to purify the air and reduce carbon footprint; using captured carbon dioxide to produce synthetic fuels or other chemicals, or sealing it underground or in other safe storage facilities; setting up vertical green walls and green roofs; installing intelligent monitoring systems to monitor carbon dioxide concentrations and capture efficiency in conference rooms in real time; reducing carbon emissions through waste resource processing; and for carbon spills, offsetting carbon emissions generated during meetings through afforestation and purchasing carbon credits.

4. The zero-carbon conference room construction and operation and maintenance method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: In the carbon control measures, the intelligent air conditioning system collects and analyzes relevant parameters in real time to obtain the perceived temperature data T felt , T felt The calculation formula is as follows: T felt =T+(0.3×(100-RH))-(0.7×V)+(R·α)+w·n·β Among them, T is the actual air temperature; RH is the relative humidity; V is the wind speed; R is the solar radiation intensity; α is a constant related to the unit of solar radiation intensity; w is the radiant heat dissipation of a person; n is the population density; β is the correction factor.

5. The zero-carbon conference room construction and operation and maintenance method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 5, the comprehensive energy efficiency coefficient includes renewable energy and non-renewable energy, the energy conversion efficiency of renewable energy is 1, and the energy conversion efficiency of non-renewable energy includes conversion into two forms: electrical energy and thermal energy: Converted into electrical energy: Among them, η is the comprehensive energy efficiency coefficient, m is the type of renewable energy, α m is the proportion of electricity generated by type m renewable energy, i is the total number of renewable energy sources, n is the type of non-renewable energy, α n is the proportion of electricity generated by type n non-renewable energy, j is the total amount of non-renewable energy, e n The chemical energy-electrical energy conversion efficiency of non-renewable energy; Converted into heat energy: Among them, ω m is the proportion of heat generated by type m renewable energy, ω n is the proportion of electricity generated by type n non-renewable energy, q n Chemical energy-thermal energy conversion efficiency for non-renewable energy sources; For cogeneration power plants, the efficiency of converting chemical energy into electrical energy and thermal energy is relatively low, but its overall energy efficiency is high. When calculating indicators, the equivalent power generation efficiency is proposed. The equivalent power generation efficiency refers to the chemical energy-electrical energy conversion efficiency of non-renewable energy sources: Among them, ε1 is the equivalent power generation efficiency, E1 is the power generation of the heat and power co-generation equipment, Q1 is the calorific value of the heat and power co-generation equipment, ξ1 is the thermal efficiency of the pure heating equipment, κ1 is the power generation efficiency of the pure power supply equipment, and G is the chemical energy of non-renewable energy; Similarly, the equivalent heating efficiency is proposed, which refers to the chemical energy-thermal energy conversion efficiency of non-renewable energy: Among them, ε2 is the equivalent heating efficiency, Q2 is the calorific value of the heat and power co-generation equipment, E2 is the power generation of the heat and power co-generation equipment, ξ2 is the power generation efficiency of the pure power generation equipment, and κ2 is the heating efficiency of the pure heating equipment.

6. The zero-carbon conference room construction and operation and maintenance method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 5, the comprehensive economic coefficient includes: Comprehensive economic coefficient of electric energy: Among them, e1 is the comprehensive economic coefficient of electricity, q c1 is the electricity consumption of the city electricity, p1 is the unit price of the city electricity, i1 is the initial investment of renewable energy equipment, y1 is the depreciation period of renewable energy equipment, and q1 is the total electricity consumption; Comprehensive economic coefficient of thermal energy: Among them, e2 is the comprehensive economic coefficient of thermal energy, q c2 is the municipal heat consumption, p2 is the municipal heat unit price, i2 is the initial investment of renewable energy equipment, y2 is the depreciation period of renewable energy equipment, and q2 is all the heat consumption.

7. The zero-carbon conference room construction and operation and maintenance method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 5, the proportion of renewable energy power supply, energy storage power supply and city power supply is continuously optimized, and the implementation of carbon control, zero carbon and negative carbon measures in step 4 is further refined, including: The energy dispatch method with the highest comprehensive energy efficiency coefficient: direct supply from renewable energy is preferred, followed by energy storage from renewable energy, then direct supply from the mains, and finally energy storage from the mains; During the day: Wind power and photovoltaic power directly supply power to the conference room. The shortfall is supplied by renewable energy storage, and the shortfall is supplied by the mains. If there is enough wind power and photovoltaic power to supply the conference room, the surplus power will be stored; At night: Wind power directly supplies power to the conference room. If there is enough wind power to supply the conference room, the surplus power will be stored; if there is insufficient wind power to supply the conference room, wind power and photovoltaic power generation and energy storage will be used to supply power; if it is still insufficient, the shortfall will be supplied by the mains, and the mains will charge the energy storage at the same time; The comprehensive energy dispatch method based on the highest comprehensive economic coefficient: Comprehensive unit price of wind power = (initial investment of wind power equipment - residual value) / total power generation estimated during operating life; Comprehensive unit price of photovoltaic power generation = (initial investment of photovoltaic equipment - residual value) / total power generation estimated during operating life; Comprehensive unit price of energy storage power supply = (initial investment of energy storage equipment - residual value) / total power generation estimated during operating life; During peak hours, the comprehensive unit prices of wind power, photovoltaic power generation, and energy storage are compared, and the method with the lowest unit price is selected to supply electricity. For the part with insufficient energy supply, other energy sources are selected in order of price from low to high. During valley hours, the method with the lowest unit price is selected to supply electricity (except for energy storage power supply). For the part with insufficient energy supply, other energy sources are selected in order of price from low to high, and the energy storage device is charged at the same time.

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