Method for increasing soluble solids of Guanjade loquats

Abstract

The invention provides a method for increasing the soluble solid content of Guanjade loquat fruits, which comprises the following steps: at the end of March and the beginning of April every year, when young fruits of the Guanjade loquats are as large as peanuts, carrying out fruit homogenizing work, and reserving 2-3 fruits for each cluster; in the first ten days of March, a decomposed cake fertilizer, mineral source potassium fulvate and a first compound fertilizer are applied to the Guanjade loquat trees; within one week after the Guanjade loquats are harvested, the bio-organic fertilizer and the compound fertilizer II are applied to the Guanjade loquats. In the development process of the Guanjade loquat fruits, the soluble solid content of the Guanjade loquat is increased by adjusting the formula and the fertilization period of the Guanjade loquat fertilizer, the quality of the loquat fruits is improved, and meanwhile, the effect of increasing the efficiency and the income of Guanjade loquat planters is remarkable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of agriculture, and particularly relates to a method for increasing the soluble solid content of Guanyu loquat fruit. Background Art

[0002] Loquat is native to my country and is cultivated in areas south of the Yangtze River. Jiangsu Province mainly produces white-fleshed loquat, among which Guanyu loquat is an excellent Baisha loquat variety selected from the Baisha loquat seedling line. It has large fruits, strong resistance to adversity, white or milky white flesh, fine and easy to dissolve, juicy, sweet and strong, slightly fragrant, rich in nutrients, and durable in storage and transportation, and is deeply loved by consumers.

[0003] Although Guanyu loquat has many advantages, compared with other white-fleshed loquat varieties such as Baiyu loquat, its flesh is slightly coarser and its soluble solids content is not high, which cannot meet the market demand for high-quality Guanyu loquat, restricting the high-quality development of the Guanyu loquat industry. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problem that the soluble solid content of existing Guanyu loquats is not high, the present invention provides a method for increasing the soluble solid content of Guanyu loquat fruits. During the development of Guanyu loquat fruits, by adjusting the formula of Guanyu loquat fertilizers and the fertilization period, the soluble solid content of Guanyu loquats is increased, which not only improves the quality of loquat fruits, but also has a significant effect on increasing efficiency and income for Guanyu loquat growers.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A method for increasing the soluble solid content of Guanyu loquat fruit, comprising:

[0007] At the end of March or the beginning of April every year, when the young fruits of Guanyu loquat reach the size of peanuts, the fruits are leveled, leaving 2 to 3 fruits in each ear.

[0008] In early March, apply decomposed cake fertilizer, mineral potassium humate and compound fertilizer to the Guanyu loquat trees;

[0009] Within one week after harvesting Guanyu loquat, apply biological organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer to the Guanyu loquat trees.

[0010] Preferably, in early March, the mass ratio of decomposed cake fertilizer, mineral potassium humate and compound fertilizer is 2-3:0.2-0.25:0.2-0.25 applied to Guanyu loquat trees with a tree age of 6 to 8 years.

[0011] Preferably, in early March, the mass ratio of decomposed cake fertilizer, mineral potassium humate and compound fertilizer is 3-5:0.5-0.6:0.5-0.6 to Guanyu loquat trees with a tree age of more than 10 years.

[0012] Preferably, the compound fertilizer is potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer NP 2 O 5 -K 2 O 15-10-30.

[0013] Preferably, within one week after the Guanyu loquats are harvested, the mass ratio of biological organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer 2 applied to Guanyu loquat trees with an age of 6 to 8 years is 10 to 15:0.2 to 0.25.

[0014] Preferably, within one week after the Guanyu loquats are harvested, the mass ratio of biological organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer 2 applied to Guanyu loquat trees over 10 years old is 15-30:0.5-1.

[0015] Preferably, the compound fertilizer is potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer NP 2 O 5 -K 2 O 14-7-25.

[0016] Preferably, the fertilization method is to apply fertilizer in a ring ditch or strip ditch near the drip line of the tree crown, with a ditch width of 30 cm and a depth of 20-30 cm. The fertilizer is mixed with the soil and then filled into the fertilization ditch.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] The present invention adopts comprehensive technical measures to improve the fertilizer formula and fertilization method for Guanyu loquats of different tree ages, which are mainly reflected in the following aspects: first, for the specific variety of Guanyu loquat, the number of fertilization is adjusted, which is one less than the conventional fertilization; second, according to the fertilizer requirement characteristics of Guanyu loquat, the amount of potassium fertilizer applied during the fruit development period is increased; third, the physical and chemical properties of the soil are improved by fertilization, and the nutritional conditions and resistance of the tree are improved. The present invention can increase the soluble solid content of Guanyu loquat fruit by about 1-2%, improve the fruit flavor, and enhance the market competitiveness of the product. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the content specifically described below is illustrative rather than restrictive, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] The experimental objects of the control example 1-1, the example 1-1, and the example 2-1 are all Guanyu loquat trees planted in the same batch and about 7 years old. The difference between the different experimental examples is the different fertilizer formulas and fertilization methods; the experimental objects of the control example 1-2, the example 1-2, and the example 2-2 are all Guanyu loquat trees planted in the same batch and about 11 years old. The difference between the different experimental examples is the different fertilizer formulas and fertilization methods. Finally, the fruits harvested in the next year were taken for performance testing.

[0021] Example 1-1

[0022] 1. Prune after fruit harvesting, mainly remove dense branches, weak branches, diseased and insect-infested branches to improve light, shrink the central trunk of overly tall plants, and cut off the top. Also shrink some outward-moving branches, keep the distance between rows at 0.8-1.5m, and do not cross too much between plants. Thin out the fruit piles or fruit axes of fruiting branches to promote summer shoots. After the summer shoots sprout, remove excessive axillary buds and cut off excess side shoots.

[0023] 2. At the end of March and the beginning of April every year, when the young fruits of Guanyu loquat reach the size of peanuts, the fruit should be thinned out. On the mother branch, 1 bunch of 2 to 3 bunches should be removed, and 2 bunches of 4 to 5 bunches should be removed, leaving 2 to 3 fruits in each bunch.

[0024] 3. In early March, apply fertilizer in a ring ditch or strip ditch near the drip line of the tree crown, with a width of 30 cm and a depth of 20 to 30 cm. For a 7-year-old Guanyu loquat tree, apply 2 kg of decomposed rapeseed cake fertilizer + 0.2 kg of Jinzhengda humic acid potassium (humic acid content ≥ 30%) + potassium sulfate compound fertilizer (NP 2 O 5 -K 2 O 15-10-30) 0.2kg mixed with soil and applied into the fertilizer ditch.

[0025] 4. Within one week after the harvest of Guanyu loquat, apply fertilizer in a ring ditch or strip ditch near the drip line of the tree crown, with a ditch width of 30 cm and a depth of 20 to 30 cm. Apply 10 kg of biological organic fertilizer (small silkworm biological organic fertilizer) + potassium sulfate compound fertilizer (NP 2 O 5 -K 2 O14-7-25) 0.2kg mixed with soil and applied into the fertilizer ditch.

[0026] 5. Sow grass seeds between loquat rows in autumn or spring to regulate soil moisture and nutrients.

[0027] 6. After the loquat fruits have expanded, cover the ground inside the crown with two-color mulch.

[0028] Example 1-2

[0029] 1. Prune after fruit harvesting, mainly remove dense branches, weak branches, diseased and insect-infested branches to improve light, shrink the central trunk of overly tall plants, and cut off the top. Also shrink some outward-moving branches, keep the distance between rows at 0.8-1.5m, and do not cross too much between plants. Thin out the fruit piles or fruit axes of fruiting branches to promote summer shoots. After the summer shoots sprout, remove excessive axillary buds and cut off excess side shoots.

[0030] 2. At the end of March and the beginning of April every year, when the young fruits of Guanyu loquat reach the size of peanuts, the fruit should be thinned out. On the mother branch, 1 bunch of 2 to 3 bunches should be removed, and 2 bunches of 4 to 5 bunches should be removed, leaving 2 to 3 fruits in each bunch.

[0031] 3. In early March, apply fertilizer in a ring ditch or strip ditch near the drip line of the tree crown, with a width of 30 cm and a depth of 20 to 30 cm. For a Guanyu loquat tree of about 11 years old, apply 3 kg of decomposed cake fertilizer + 0.5 kg of mineral potassium humate + potassium sulfate compound fertilizer (NP 2 O 5 -K 2 O 15-10-30) 0.5kg mixed with soil and applied into the fertilizer ditch.

[0032] 4. Within one week after the Guanyu loquats are harvested, apply fertilizer in a ring ditch or strip ditch near the drip line of the tree crown, with a ditch width of 30 cm and a depth of 20 to 30 cm. 2 O 5 -K 2 O 14-7-25) 0.5kg mixed with soil and applied into the fertilizer ditch.

[0033] 5. Sow grass seeds between loquat rows in autumn or spring to regulate soil moisture and nutrients.

[0034] 6. After the loquat fruits have expanded, cover the ground inside the crown with two-color mulch.

[0035] Example 2-1

[0036] 1. Prune after fruit harvesting, mainly remove dense branches, weak branches, diseased and insect-infested branches to improve light, shrink the central trunk of overly tall plants, and cut off the top. Also shrink some outward-moving branches, keep the distance between rows at 0.8-1.5m, and do not cross too much between plants. Thin out the fruit piles or fruit axes of fruiting branches to promote summer shoots. After the summer shoots sprout, remove excessive axillary buds and cut off excess side shoots.

[0037] 2. At the end of March and the beginning of April every year, when the young fruits of Guanyu loquat reach the size of peanuts, thin out the ears and even the fruits. On the mother branch with 2 to 3 ears, remove one ear, and on the mother branch with 4 to 5 ears, remove 2 ears, leaving 2 to 3 fruits in each ear.

[0038] 3. In early March, apply fertilizer in a ring ditch or strip ditch near the drip line of the tree crown, with a width of 30 cm and a depth of 20 to 30 cm. For a 7-year-old Guanyu loquat tree, apply 3 kg of decomposed cake fertilizer + 0.25 kg of mineral potassium humate + potassium sulfate compound fertilizer (NP 2 O 5 -K 2 O 15-10-30) 0.25kg mixed with soil and applied into the fertilizer ditch.

[0039] 4. Within one week after the Guanyu loquats are harvested, apply fertilizer in a ring ditch or strip ditch near the drip line of the tree crown, with a ditch width of 30 cm and a depth of 20 to 30 cm. 2 O 5 -K 2 O 14-7-25) 0.25kg mixed with soil and applied into the fertilizer ditch.

[0040] 5. Sow grass seeds between loquat rows in autumn or spring to regulate soil moisture and nutrients.

[0041] 6. After the loquat fruits have expanded, cover the ground inside the crown with two-color mulch.

[0042] Example 2-2

[0043] 1. Prune after fruit harvesting, mainly remove dense branches, weak branches, diseased and insect-infested branches to improve light, shrink the central trunk of overly tall plants, and cut off the top. Also shrink some outward-moving branches, keep the distance between rows at 0.8-1.5m, and do not cross too much between plants. Thin out the fruit piles or fruit axes of fruiting branches to promote summer shoots. After the summer shoots sprout, remove excessive axillary buds and cut off excess side shoots.

[0044] 2. At the end of March and the beginning of April each year, when the young fruits of Guanyu loquat reach the size of peanuts, thin out the ears and even out the fruits.

[0045] For clusters of fruit, remove 1; for clusters of 4 to 5, remove 2; leave 2 to 3 fruits in each of the remaining clusters.

[0046] 3. In early March, apply fertilizer in a ring ditch or strip ditch near the drip line of the tree crown, with a width of 30 cm and a depth of 20 to 30 cm. For a Guanyu loquat tree of about 11 years old, apply 5 kg of cake fertilizer + 0.6 kg of potassium humate from minerals + potassium sulfate compound fertilizer (NP 2 O 5 -K 2 O15-10-30) 0.6kg mixed with soil and applied into the fertilizer ditch.

[0047] 4. Within one week after the Guanyu loquats are harvested, apply fertilizer in a ring ditch or strip ditch near the drip line of the tree crown, with a ditch width of 30 cm and a depth of 20 to 30 cm. 2 O 5 -K 2 O 14-7-25) 1kg mixed with soil and applied into the fertilizer ditch.

[0048] 5. Sow grass seeds between loquat rows in autumn or spring to regulate soil moisture and nutrients.

[0049] 6. After the loquat fruits have expanded, cover the ground inside the crown with two-color mulch.

[0050] Comparative Example 1-1

[0051] Conventional fertilization:

[0052] In early February, the 7-year-old Guanyu loquat tree was treated with compound fertilizer (NP 2 O 5 -K 2 O 15-15-5) 0.2kg is spread near the drip line of the tree crown.

[0053] Within one week after the Guanyu loquats were harvested, compound fertilizer (NP 2 O 5 -K 2 O 15-15-5) 0.2kg is spread near the drip line of the tree crown.

[0054] In late September, spread 3 kg of rapeseed cake near the drip line of the tree crown, and then dig 10 cm.

[0055] Except for the different fertilization methods, other field management methods are consistent with Example 1-1 of the present application.

[0056] Comparative Example 1-2

[0057] Conventional fertilization:

[0058] In early February, the 11-year-old Guanyu loquat tree was treated with compound fertilizer (NP 2 O 5 -K 2 O 15-15-5) 0.5kg is spread near the drip line of the tree crown.

[0059] Within one week after the Guanyu loquats were harvested, compound fertilizer (NP 2 O 5 -K 2 O 15-15-5) 0.5kg is spread near the drip line of the tree crown.

[0060] In late September, apply the fertilizer in a ring ditch or strip ditch near the drip line of the tree crown, with a width of 30 cm and a depth of 20 to 30 cm. Sprinkle 5 kg of rapeseed cake near the drip line of the tree crown, and then dig 10 cm.

[0061] Except for the different fertilization methods, other field management methods are consistent with Examples 1-2 of the present application.

[0062] Test Case

[0063] The following performance tests were performed on the embodiments and control examples (the soluble solid content was determined in accordance with the provisions of GB / T13867-92). The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0064] Table 1 Effects of different treatments on soluble solids in Guanyu loquat

[0065] Test items Longitudinal diameter (cm) Horizontal diameter (cm) Single fruit weight (g) Soluble solids (%) Example 1-1 3.94 3.97 40.63 13.61 Example 1-2 3.84 4.11 41.93 14.35 Example 2-1 3.83 4.06 41.07 13.86 Example 2-2 3.90 4.19 43.76 14.42 Comparative Example 1-1 3.98 3.87 38.46 11.95 Comparative Example 1-2 3.92 3.95 40.24 12.35

[0066] As can be seen from Table 1, after the above treatment, the average single fruit weight and soluble solids of Guanyu loquat are improved to a certain extent. The single fruit weight of Example 1-1 and Example 2-1 are 105.6% and 106.8% of that of the reference example 1-1, respectively, and the soluble solids are 113.9% and 115.9% of that of the reference example 1-1, respectively; the single fruit weight of Example 1-2 and Example 2-2 are 104.2% and 108.7% of that of the reference example 1-2, respectively, and the soluble solids are 116.2% and 116.8% of that of the reference example 1-2, respectively. The implementation effect is more obvious.

[0067] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples to more clearly illustrate the present invention, and are not limitations on the implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in the relevant field, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made on the basis of the above description. It is impossible to list all the implementation methods here. All obvious changes or modifications derived from the technical solution of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for increasing the soluble solids content of Guanyu loquat fruit, comprising: At the end of March or the beginning of April every year, when the young fruits of Guanyu loquat reach the size of peanuts, the fruits are leveled, leaving 2 to 3 fruits in each ear. In early March, apply decomposed cake fertilizer, mineral potassium humate and compound fertilizer to the Guanyu loquat trees; Within one week after harvesting Guanyu loquat, apply biological organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer to the Guanyu loquat trees.

2. The method for increasing the soluble solids content of Guanyu loquat fruit according to claim 1, characterized in that: In early March, the mass ratio of decomposed cake fertilizer, mineral potassium humate and compound fertilizer is 2-3:0.2-0.25:0.2-0.25 applied to Guanyu loquat trees that are 6 to 8 years old.

3. The method for increasing the soluble solid content of Guanyu loquat fruit according to claim 1, characterized in that: In early March, the mass ratio of decomposed cake fertilizer, mineral potassium humate and compound fertilizer is 3-5:0.5-0.6:0.5-0.6 for Guanyu loquat trees over 10 years old.

4. A method for increasing the soluble solid content of Guanyu loquat fruit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The first compound fertilizer is a potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer N-P2O5-K2O 15-10-30.

5. The method for increasing the soluble solids content of Guanyu loquat fruit according to claim 1, characterized in that: Within one week after the harvest of Guanyu loquat, the mass ratio of biological organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer 2 applied to Guanyu loquat trees that are 6 to 8 years old is 10 to 15:0.2 to 0.

25.

6. The method for increasing the soluble solid content of Guanyu loquat fruit according to claim 1, characterized in that: Within one week after the harvest of Guanyu loquat, the mass ratio of biological organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer 2 applied to Guanyu loquat trees over 10 years old should be 15-30:0.5-1.

7. A method for increasing the soluble solids content of Guanyu loquat fruit according to any one of claims 1, 5 or 6, characterized in that: The second compound fertilizer is a potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer N-P2O5-K2O14-7-25.

8. A method for increasing the soluble solid content of Guanyu loquat fruit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, 5 or 6, characterized in that: The fertilization method is to apply fertilizer in a ring ditch or strip ditch near the drip line of the tree crown. The ditch should be 30 cm wide and 20 to 30 cm deep. The fertilizer should be mixed with the soil and then filled into the fertilization ditch.