Electric automobile fire protection device and protection method

Abstract

The invention discloses an electric vehicle fire protection device and protection method in the field of electric vehicle fire protection, and aims to solve the protection problem after a fire occurs to an electric vehicle in the prior art, the electric vehicle fire protection device comprises a top plate mounted right above a parking space in a parking lot, and a flame detector for monitoring fire occurrence is mounted on the top plate; the flame detector is connected with an alarm system in the parking lot; the guide rail is installed on the top plate, the sliding block is arranged on the guide rail, the protection device is used for isolating fire disasters, and the high-pressure water mist system is used for reducing the temperature in the parking space. The protection device is of a folding plate-shaped structure, one end of the protection device is connected with the sliding block, the sliding block moves in the guide rail, unfolding and folding of the protection device are achieved, when the electric automobile is driven into the parking space, the protection device is in a folding state, the automobile edge of the parking space cannot be shielded, and use of the parking space is not affected; and the electric automobile with the spontaneous combustion phenomenon is cooled through the arranged high-pressure water mist system, and damage caused by fire spreading to vehicles on the side of the electric automobile is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of fire protection for electric vehicles, and in particular to a fire protection device and a fire protection method for electric vehicles. Background Art

[0003] In the event of a new energy battery fire, existing technology can only cool the battery by spraying water on the outside, or directly immersing the battery in a pool of water to cool it down. This is because batteries are basically assembled in a closed space, or even in a separate battery assembly room in the middle of an integrated frame. Without damaging the vehicle body, there is no way to extinguish the fire, as the fire-fighting fluid cannot even reach the battery pack. If there is no demolition equipment, the only option is to cool the area around the battery pack to prevent it from igniting surrounding flammable materials.

[0004] The underground parking lots in the residential area are all height-restricted parking lots, and fire trucks can hardly go down, unless some firefighting robots can go down to put out the fire. Fire trucks around the residential area can hardly get close, let alone transport firefighting robots to the fire scene. Moreover, the smoke and toxic gas caused by the fire in the underground parking lot will not be discharged very quickly. The underground parking lot is actually very dangerous, much more dangerous than the fire in the ground building. Therefore, there is actually no way to extinguish the fire of new energy vehicles in the underground parking lot.

[0005] In response to the above problems, in the patent with application number "202410653361.X" and name "An intelligent fire-fighting method for an electric vehicle charging station", square steel is set on the charging station as a vertical frame and horizontal connecting bracket and roof truss to limit the two sides of the parking space. Vehicles can only enter the parking space by reversing, and cannot be built on the original charging parking space. The construction cost is high and cannot meet the needs of the public. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an electric vehicle fire protection device and a protection method. By setting a protection device and a high-pressure water mist system, the fire can be prevented from spreading to other parking spaces. The protection device is foldable and does not affect the normal use of the parking space.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the following technical solutions are adopted: In a first aspect, the present invention provides an electric vehicle fire protection device, comprising: The top plate is installed directly above the parking spaces in the parking lot and is equipped with a flame detector for monitoring fire occurrence; the flame detector is connected to the alarm system in the parking lot; A guide rail is installed on the top plate, a slider is provided inside, a motor is provided at the end of the guide rail, and the slider is driven by the motor to move on the guide rail; The protective device is a foldable plate-like structure made of fireproof material, one end of which is connected to the slider; it is used to seal the parking space; A high-pressure water mist system is connected to the flame detector and is arranged on the top plate to reduce the temperature in the parking space.

[0008] Optionally, the high-pressure water mist system includes a nozzle, a water tank, a controller and a valve, the nozzle is installed on the lower surface of the top plate, the water tank is installed on the upper surface of the top plate, the nozzle is connected to the water tank through a pipe, the valve is provided on the pipe, and the valve is connected to the controller and controls its switch.

[0009] Optionally, a plurality of nozzles are provided.

[0010] Optionally, the protective device includes a fire blanket, and aluminum alloy plates are provided on the inner and outer sides of the middle part of the fire blanket.

[0011] Optionally, a plurality of the sliders are provided, and the sliders are evenly spaced apart at one end of the fire blanket.

[0012] Optionally, a plurality of parking spaces are provided below the top plate, and each parking space corresponds to one guide rail.

[0013] Optionally, an exhaust hole is provided on the top plate, and an exhaust fan is provided on the exhaust hole for exhausting the air under the top plate.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a protection method, using the electric vehicle fire protection device described in any one of the first aspects; comprising the following steps: The electric vehicle drives into the parking space and activates the protective device; The motor drives the slider to move on the guide rail, and the protective device changes from an original folded state to an unfolded state; When the electric vehicle drives away, the protective device is opened, and the protective device is deployed by driving the slider to move by the motor; When the electric car inside catches fire, it will be detected by the flame detector, which will send a fire signal to the parking lot alarm system. The alarm system will send an alarm signal to evacuate the people inside. At the same time, the flame detector will send a signal to the internal high-pressure water mist system, which will be turned on to cool the car in the parking space.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The protective device provided in the present invention is a folding plate structure, one end of which is connected to a slider. The slider moves in a guide rail to realize the unfolding and folding of the protective device. When an electric vehicle enters a parking space, the protective device is in a folded state and will not block the side of the parking space, thereby not affecting the use of the parking space. The high-pressure water mist system provided is used to cool down an electric vehicle that has spontaneous combustion. The protective device and the high-pressure water mist system are used to double isolate the parking space where the fire has occurred, thereby preventing the fire from spreading to other parking spaces and preventing damage to vehicles on the side thereof.

[0016] 2. The present invention has a simple structure and is easy to operate. It is opened after entering the parking space. The protective device separates each parking space to prevent a fire in one of the parking spaces from affecting other cars. An exhaust fan is provided on the top plate to discharge the toxic gas in the toxic gas disaster. The exhausted toxic gas is then discharged through the exhaust duct inside the parking lot to prevent the gas from overflowing and being inhaled by the fleeing people. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 2 is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the fire protection device for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 2 is a schematic diagram of a top view of a fire protection device for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the guide rail and slider structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Description of reference numerals: 1. Top plate; 2. Guide rail; 3. Slider; 4. Protective device; 5. Nozzle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Example 1

[0020] like Figure 1-Figure 3As shown, this embodiment provides a fire protection device for an electric vehicle, including a top plate 1, a guide rail 2, a protection device 4 and a high-pressure water mist system. The top plate 1 is arranged above the parking space, and a plurality of rounded rectangular guide rails 2 are installed on the top plate 1. A slider 3 is arranged in the guide rail 2. The slider 3 is driven by a motor to move in the guide rail 2. A protection device 4 is installed under the slider 3. The protection device 4 is a folding plate structure made of fireproof material. The protection device 4 is unfolded and folded by moving the slider 3 on the guide rail 2, thereby realizing the closure and opening of the parking space. A high-pressure water mist system is arranged in each space enclosed by the protection device 4. The high-pressure water mist system is used to cool down the area around the spontaneous combustion vehicle to prevent the fire from spreading to other parking spaces.

[0021] The top plate 1 is fixed by the wall or column on the side of the parking space. A flame detector is installed in the top plate 1, and the flame detector is used to determine whether a fire occurs in the parking space. After a fire occurs, the alarm system in the parking lot is linked to the alarm, and the internal personnel are evacuated. At the same time, the high-pressure water mist system is activated to cool down the parking space.

[0022] During parking, the protection device 4 is in a folded state and located in a corner of the parking space, which does not affect the driving of the vehicle. After the vehicle enters, the protection device 4 is opened to seal the parking space on all sides to ensure that the vehicle is parked in its enclosed space to avoid affecting other vehicles in the event of spontaneous combustion.

[0023] When a vehicle catches fire spontaneously, the fire will not spread outward because the vehicle is in a sealed space composed of the roof 1 and the protective device 4. The high-pressure water mist system will be turned on to spray fine water mist inside to cool the sealed space and prevent the fire from penetrating the protective device 4 due to excessive temperature and spreading to other parking spaces. Example 2

[0024] This embodiment provides an electric vehicle fire protection device based on embodiment 1, which is different from embodiment 1 in that: there are multiple parking spaces corresponding to the bottom of the roof, and each parking space corresponds to a guide rail, a protection device 4 and a high-pressure water mist system.

[0025] The high-pressure water mist system includes a nozzle 5, a water tank, a controller and a valve. The nozzle 5 is installed in the middle position of the lower surface of the roof 1, and the water tank is installed on the upper surface of the roof 1. A plurality of nozzles 5 are arranged above each parking space to cool the closed parking space in all directions. The nozzle 5 is connected to the water tank through a pipe, and a valve is arranged on the pipe. The valve is connected to the controller and controls the switch. The high-pressure fine water mist sprayed by the nozzle 5 uses less water and the volume of the water tank is not large.

[0026] Each water tank is provided with an independent water pump, and a main water pool is provided in the parking lot. The water tanks corresponding to all parking spaces in the parking lot are connected to the main water pool through water pipes and the main water pump.

[0027] A plurality of nozzles 5 are arranged above each parking space, and the nozzles 5 on each parking space are connected to a water tank corresponding thereto, and the switches of the plurality of nozzles 5 on a parking space are controlled by a valve. A flame detector is arranged on the top plate 1 above each parking space. When a fire occurs, the flame detector receives a signal and sends it to the parking lot alarm system terminal. The alarm system sounds an alarm and evacuates the internal personnel. At the same time, the flame detector sends a signal to its corresponding high-pressure water mist system. The controller in the water mist system controls the valve to open, and the nozzles 5 above the corresponding parking space spray out high-pressure fine water mist to cool the surrounding environment.

[0028] The protective device 4 includes a fire blanket, which can be made of asbestos or other fireproof materials. The inner and outer layers in the middle of the fire blanket are provided with aluminum alloy plates. The sliders 3 are evenly spaced at one end of the fire blanket. The front slider 3 is pulled by an electric motor to move on the guide rail 2, and the other sliders move accordingly to achieve the unfolding and folding of the entire fire blanket. The height of the aluminum alloy plate is between 0.5-1 meter. When a fire occurs inside the parking space, the high-pressure fine water mist sprayed by the nozzle 5 and the aluminum alloy plate can disperse the heat more quickly. According to aesthetic requirements, a pattern can be set on the outer aluminum alloy plate.

[0029] In some embodiments, a protective device 4 may be provided on each of the left and right sides of the rounded rectangular guide rail 2. When the protective device 4 is activated, the protective devices 4 on both sides are deployed simultaneously, which can speed up the deployment and folding time.

[0030] An exhaust hole is opened on the top plate 1 corresponding to each parking space, and an exhaust fan is installed on the exhaust hole. The toxic gas generated by the spontaneously combusting car is discharged through the exhaust fan and discharged through the exhaust duct inside the parking lot to prevent the internal toxic gas from leaking from the bottom of the fire blanket and causing harm to the evacuated personnel.

[0031] In an underground parking lot, a roof plate 1 is installed correspondingly above a row or train of parking spaces. The columns at both ends of a row or the corresponding wall are cleverly used to install a rounded rectangular guide rail 2 above each parking space in the row or column. The slider, drive device and controller of the rounded rectangular guide rail 2 module can be directly used to install the protective device 4 on the slider 3. The start button can be set at the adaptable height position of the edge at the end of the fire blanket that does not need to be moved. The guide rail 2 module and the protective device 4 are installed correspondingly for each parking space, and a water tank is set above the roof plate 1. A plurality of nozzles 5 are set in the middle of the roof plate 1 above each parking space. After the vehicle enters, the protective device 4 is started, and the vehicle in the parking space is sealed and isolated by the roof plate 1 and the surrounding fire blanket. When a fire occurs in a side vehicle, the car in the parking space can also be protected. Example 3

[0032] A protection method, using the electric vehicle fire protection device 4 described in Example 1 or Example 2, comprises the following steps: The electric vehicle drives into the parking space and activates the protection device 4; The motor drives the slider 3 to move on the guide rail 2, and the protective device 4 changes from the original folded state to the unfolded state; When the electric vehicle drives away, the protection device 4 is opened, and the protection device 4 is deployed by the motor driving the slider 3 to move.

[0033] When the electric car inside catches fire, it will be detected by the flame detector, which will send a fire signal to the parking lot alarm system. The alarm system will send an alarm signal to evacuate the people inside. At the same time, the flame detector will send a signal to the internal high-pressure water mist system, which will be turned on to cool the car in the parking space.

[0034] After an electric car catches fire, it cannot be completely extinguished with fire extinguishing materials. It can only be completely burned out by itself, so the protection of the parking space next to the fire car is the main thing. The fire is prevented from spreading to the side car by the double suppression of the protective device 4 and the high-pressure water mist system. After the side car enters the parking space, the protective device 4 will also be opened. When a fire occurs in a parking space, two protective devices 4 are set relative to the adjacent parking space to ensure the safety of the side vehicles.

[0035] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fire protection device for an electric vehicle, characterized in that: include: The top plate, which is installed directly above the parking spaces in the parking lot, is equipped with flame detectors that monitor fire occurrences; The flame detector is connected to the alarm system in the parking lot; A guide rail is installed on the top plate, a slider is provided inside, a motor is provided at the end of the guide rail, and the slider is driven by the motor to move on the guide rail; A protective device, used for sealing the periphery of the parking space, is a foldable structure, made of fireproof material, and one end of which is connected to the slider; A high-pressure water mist system is connected to the flame detector and is arranged on the top plate to reduce the temperature in the parking space.

2. The electric vehicle fire protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-pressure water mist system includes a nozzle, a water tank, a controller and a valve. The nozzle is installed on the lower surface of the top plate, the water tank is installed on the upper surface of the top plate, the nozzle is connected to the water tank through a pipeline, the valve is provided on the pipeline, and the valve is connected to the controller and controls its switch.

3. The electric vehicle fire protection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The nozzles are provided in plurality.

4. The electric vehicle fire protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protection device comprises a fire blanket, and aluminum alloy plates are arranged on the inner and outer sides of the middle part of the fire blanket.

5. The electric vehicle fire protection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A plurality of sliders are provided, and the sliders are evenly spaced apart at one end of the fire blanket.

6. The electric vehicle fire protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of parking spaces are arranged below the top plate, each of the parking spaces corresponds to one of the guide rails, and each of the parking spaces corresponds to one of the high-pressure water mist systems.

7. The electric vehicle fire protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top plate is provided with an exhaust hole, and the exhaust hole is provided with an exhaust fan for exhausting the air below the top plate.

8. A protection method, characterized in that: Use the electric vehicle fire protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 7; The steps include: The electric vehicle drives into the parking space and activates the protective device; The motor drives the slider to move on the guide rail, and the protective device changes from an original folded state to an unfolded state; When the electric vehicle drives away, the protective device is opened, and the protective device is deployed by driving the slider to move by the motor; When the electric car inside catches fire, it will be detected by the flame detector, which will send a fire signal to the parking lot alarm system. The alarm system will send an alarm signal to evacuate the people inside. At the same time, the flame detector will send a signal to the internal high-pressure water mist system, which will be turned on to cool the car in the parking space.

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