The invention discloses a folding mechanism for changing wingspan of wings. The folding mechanism is a rigid foldable structure which is used for changing the single degree of freedom and the large folding-expanding ratio of the wingspan of the wings based on a Sarrus mechanism. The single degree of freedom guarantees that the entire wings only need a driving motor, complexity caused by coordination and cooperation of a plurality of motors is avoided, besides, the self weight of the folded wings is greatly reduced, and the effective load of an aircraft is increased; the large folding-expanding ratio guarantees that the respects including the speed, the mobility, the loading capacity, the range and the like of the aircraft can be adjusted according to task requirements. Through the adoption of the mechanism, the wingspan of the wings is changed, the diversified functions of the aircraft can be realized, the performance indexes of the aircraft can be regulated, and enormous convenience is brought for the storage and the transportation of the aircraft; the entire mechanism only has one degree of freedom, so that the motion control is simple; the folding mechanism has the advantages of being simple to produce and process, convenient in motion control, high in reliability, high in precision and the like, and has important significance and broad application prospects in the field of variable geometry aircrafts.