1306 results about "Four quadrants" patented technology

For angular resolved spectrometry a radiation beam is used having an illumination profile having four quadrants is used. The first and third quadrants are illuminated whereas the second and fourth quadrants aren't illuminated. The resulting pupil plane is thus also divided into four quadrants with only the zeroth order diffraction pattern appearing in the first and third quadrants and only the first order diffraction pattern appearing in the second and third quadrants.

A soft-switched single-phase quasi-single-stage (QSS) bi-directional inverter / charger converts AC-DC or DC-AC. The inverter / charger comprises a push-pull inverter / rectifier on the dc-side, an isolation transformer which provides ohmic isolation and voltage scaling, two full-bridges on the ac side in cascade, a voltage clamp branch comprising a capacitive energy storage element in series with an active switch with its anti-parallel diode, a passive filter at the ac side to smooth out the high frequency switching voltage ripple at the output, and a corresponding PWM scheme to seamlessly control the converter to operate in all four quadrant operation modes in the output voltage and output current plane, and is capable of converting power in both directions.

Systems and methods for providing notifications to players of a gaming console of messages and system notifications. A controller and the gaming console include a four quadrant LED indicator. Each quadrant of the ring may be illuminated individually or together using an LED to indicate the messages and notifications. The quadrants may be illuminated in one of three colors and / or in patterns to indicate different types of notifications. Onscreen displays may be used to supplement the LED indicators to convey information to users. A method of binding and discovering a controller is also provided where the controller may be bound to a gaming console. After a controller is bound to a console, the controller may be discovered by the gaming console where it is assigned a virtual port and enabled for game play.

A golf club head composed of a forged metal material has a striking surface that is supported by diagonal stiffening regions that extend from a central region of the face toward the heel-sole quadrant, heel-crown quadrant, toe-crown quadrant, and toe-sole quadrants of the face. The diagonal stiffening regions are smoothly contoured to blend into the back surface of the face so as to avoid any stress concentrations. By extending the stiffening regions diagonally from the center of the club face to the four quadrants, a more uniform stress distribution can be obtained and therefore more uniform performance. Additionally, since the diagonal stiffening regions are greater in length than vertical or horizontal stiffening region could be made, the center of the face can deflect a greater amount without exceeding the yield strength of the material and, therefore, there is a more efficient transfer of energy from the club head to the ball.

An electric drive apparatus and method for controlling medium-voltage alternating current motors wherein a multi-phase power transformer having multiple secondary windings provides multi-phase power to multiple power cells which provide four quadrant operation. Each power cell has a single-phase output and is controllable by a modulation controller. The power cells are connected in series thus permitting the maximum output voltage for each cell to be less than the maximum line-to-line voltage. Each power cell can have a rectifier portion to convert input AC-to-DC, capacitors, an output DC-to-AC inverter, a regenerative bridge converter connected in parallel with the rectifier portion and a local modulation controller connected to a master controller.

The invention discloses an energy feeding type dragging power supply device and a control method thereof. The energy feeding type dragging power supply device comprises a multiple transformer and at least two four-quadrant converter modules. The energy feeding type dragging power supply device and a diode rectification dragging unit are arranged in parallel form. A primary side of the multiple transformer of the energy feeding type dragging power supply device is connected to an alternated current medium-voltage power grid through a high-voltage switch cabinet; each set of windings at a low-voltage side of the multiple transformer is connected to an alternated current side of one four-quadrant converter module; and the direct current sides of the four-quadrant converter modules are in parallel connection after being connected to a direct current side isolation switch and are connected to a direct current bus through a direct current switch cabinet and a cathode cabinet. The energy feeding type dragging power supply device can work at three different modes of dragging, feedback or SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics) according to the requirements. The energy feeding type dragging power supply device is compatible with an existing dragging power supply system under the condition of meeting a power grid compatibility demand. The energy feeding type dragging power supply device has the advantages of moderate cost, capability of solving the technical problems of feeding back a regenerated braking energy and stabilizing a dragging network voltage, and real-time static reactive power compensation capacity.

A linearizer reduces nonlinear intermodulation distortion in radio frequency and microwave systems by first directly generating in-phase and quadrature nonlinear intermodulation products of the system input. Controllable amounts of each phase are then added back into the system such that the vector sum of nonlinear intermodulation products at the output is reduced or eliminated by destructive interference, while the fundamentals are substantially unaffected. The quadrature distorted signals are generated with two lightly-biased and thus overdriven differential pairs having gain-determining degeneration impedances that are in quadrature with each other. The amount of each quadrature phase summed to the output is controlled with electronically tunable four-quadrant variable attenuators. The quadrature phasing enables rapidly convergent tuning to minimize distortion using conventional scalar spectral analysis. The advantages of a linearizer using rectangular vector coordinate system are significant.

An apparatus and method for treating presbyopia and lowering intraocular pressure employing an intra-scleral implant into an elongated cavity oriented in the radial direction of the eye. The implant has a planar portion with a longitudinal axis running therethrough and a pair of extension portions extending a distance away from said planar portion and said longitudinal axis. The implant is implanted in an incision in four quadrants of the sclera. The incisions are shaped similar to the implants. The projecting extensions into side projections of the incisions, provide an anchor to maintain the implant in the sclera.

The invention provides a measuring device and method for the target line-of-sight angel offset and distance. The device is composed of a four-quadrant avalanche photodetector, a receiving and sending optical unit, a noise compensation circuit, a four-circuit front amplification circuit, a video amplification circuit, an automatic gain amplification circuit, a peak keeping circuit, an AD conversion circuit, a laser, a dominant wave sampling circuit, a summing circuit, a time identifying circuit, a time test circuit and a digital processing circuit, wherein the receiving and sending optical unit enables narrow pulse laser rays emitted by the laser to be converged on the photoelectric detector to form echo light spots after target reflection, photovoltaic conversion of the four-quadrant avalanche photodetector, front amplification, video amplification and automatic gain amplification are conducted, narrow-pulse peak keeping is conducted, transmission of the AD conversion circuit is conducted, and the digital processing circuit extracts the digital line-of-sight angel offset; summing is conducted on the four-circuit front amplification circuit, the dominant wave sampling circuit is combined, the time identifying circuit determines laser emitting and echo coming and returning time, the time is transmitted to the time identifying circuit to be measured, and the digital processing circuit decodes the corresponding distance.

A scintillation block detector employs an array of optically air coupled scintillation pixels, the array being wrapped in reflector material and optically coupled to an array of silicon photomultiplier light sensors with common-cathode signal timing pickoff and individual anode signal position and energy determination. The design features afford an optimized combination of photopeak energy event sensitivity and timing, while reducing electronic circuit complexity and power requirements, and easing necessary fabrication methods. Four of these small blocks, or “miniblocks,” can be combined as optically and electrically separated quadrants of a larger single detector in order to recover detection efficiency that would otherwise be lost due to scattering between them. Events are validated for total energy by summing the contributions from the four quadrants, while the trigger is generated from either the timing signal of the quadrant with the highest energy deposition, the first timing signal derived from the four quadrant time-pickoff signals, or a statistically optimum combination of the individual quadrant event times, so as to maintain good timing for scatter events. This further reduces the number of electronic channels required per unit detector area while avoiding the timing degradation characteristic of excessively large SiPM arrays.

The invention provides a modularized H-bridge cascade multilevel mutual-balance power electronic transformer. Power electronic devices are formed on the basis of IGBTs, the power electronic transformer can achieve four-quadrant controlled operation through an effective control strategy, two-way power flow control can be performed, a H-bridge cascade multilevel modularized structure is adopted for a main circuit, large-scale modularized production is facilitated, actual high-voltage class application can be performed, the harmonic content of output voltage is lower, the switching frequency of the power electronic devices is low, loss is lower, and the voltage-sharing problem is avoided. The system structure of the modularized H-bridge cascade multilevel mutual-balance power electronic transformer is in an AC / DC / AC mode, the high-voltage stage, the isolation stage and the low-voltage stage are achieved, and while the voltage transformation function, the isolation function, the energy transmission function and the like of a conventional transformer are completed, the power flow control and the function of control over the quality of electric energy can be completed.

The invention discloses a laser heterodyne interference linearity measuring device and a laser heterodyne interference linearity measuring method with six-degree-of-freedom detection. The laser heterodyne interference linearity measuring device comprises a laser heterodyne interference linearity and position detection part and an error detection and compensation part; a four-degree-of-freedom error detection light path consisting of three ordinary beam splitters, a polarizing beam splitter, a plane reflecting mirror, a convex lens, a position sensitive detector and two four-quadrant detectors is additionally arranged in a light path structure of the laser heterodyne interference linearity and position detection part. By utilizing a method for integrating the laser heterodyne interferometry and a laser spot detection method, the simultaneous six-degree-of-freedom detection of a deflection angle, a pitch angle, a rolling angle, horizontal linearity, vertical linearity and linearity position of a measured object can be realized, the error compensation is carried out for the vertical linearity and the vertical linearity position, the influence of rotation error of the measured object on a measurement result in the linearity measuring process can be eliminated, and the measurement precision of the laser heterodyne interference linearity and the position of the laser heterodyne interference linearity can be improved.

This invention is a multi-port power converter where all ports are coupled through different windings of a high frequency transformer. Two or more, and typically all, ports have synchronized switching elements to allow the use of a high frequency transformer. This concept and type of converter is known. This invention mitigates a number of limitations in the present art and adds new capabilities that will allow applications to be served that would otherwise not have been practical. A novel circuit topology for a four-quadrant AC port is disclosed. A novel circuit topology for a unidirectional DC port with voltage boost capabilities is disclosed. A novel circuit topology for a unidirectional DC port with voltage buck capabilities is disclosed. A novel circuit for a high efficiency, high frequency, bi-directional, AC semiconductor switch is also disclosed.

The invention relates to a sun orientation automatic tracking method and a device used for photovoltaic power generation. The detection precision of the existing method and the device is lower. The method is a 24-hour 2D sun orientation automatic tracking method which uses a light intensity sensor to combine photoelectric tracking and sun motion trail tracking. The light intensity sensor detects climate and respectively adopts three different working modes to track the sun orientation in sunny days, cloudy days and rainy days, which solves the influences of climate changes and environment interference on the tracking stability to a certain extent, and simultaneously eliminates the accumulated errors through the closed loop control function of the photoelectric tracking mode, thus being capable of stably implementing sun orientation tracking in 24 hours. The device for realizing the method includes a wave-pass drum, the light intensity sensor, protective glass, a four-quadrant photoelectric detector, a signal processing circuit, a computer and an external clock chip. The invention improves the detection precision and solves the problem of unstable detection signal caused as the sunorientation detector is easy to be interfered by environmental light.

The invention provides a controllable four-quadrant frequency converter for voltage on direct current side and a method thereof, so as to realize direct-current voltage control, improve the quality of the current on line side and feedback the regenerative electric energy to an electric network. The controlling circuit of the frequency converter adopts a single processor and an integrated chip to drive a converter on line side and a converter on motor side to alternately fulfill the functions of rectification and inversion under different loaded states. The processer designed by pipelining can quicken the calculation speed and meets the requirement of real time of controlling of the PWM rectifier, due to the adoption of the vector control and power disturbance compensation method, the unity power factor can be realized when the bidirectional flow of the energy is ensured, the voltage on the direct current side can be accurately controlled, when the load is disturbed, the fluctuation range is smaller, the current on direct current side is estimated, the cost of the products can be saved, the estimation method adopts direct direct-current estimation instead of non alternating current estimation, the disturbance compensation fluctuation is reduced, and the system power is more smooth.

The invention relates to a plane mirror being capable of projecting sunlight directionally which is the usually-called Tingri mirror and belongs to the solar energy application technical field. In the device, positioning plus elevation tracking or auto-rotating plus elevation tracking is adopted; the device comprises a plane mirror, a frame with a dimension small enough to be formed at one time, an adjusting device, a positioning and guiding pipe arranged a center tower and the Tingri mirror, a positioning sensor and a control system which carries out control and error judgment according to signals produced by reflection light reaching a mirror surface of a four-quadrant photosensitive element through the positioning and guiding pipe. If the invention is adopted, as long as sunlight, no matter where the sun move, the reflection light of the Tingri mirror can always project into a collector. Due to the adoption of the positioning and guiding pipe, the positioning sensor and DCS (distributed control system), a mirror with a small area can be used, reducing the difficulty in production, installation and commissioning and thus reducing the cost significantly.

The invention relates to a controller of full-power alternative-direct converter used in wind generation, wherein the alternative-direct converter is formed by network converter and the convert of generator; the used generator is a permanent-magnetic generator; the rotor is in permanent-magnetic structure, without external magnetic activate power supply; two convert loops both uses the PWM converters operating in four quadrants, based on full-control element, which can improve the dynamic response, reduce cost and impact, realize bidirectional transmission of electricity, and realize generating via power factor sine wave current parallel network; and the invention uses improved direct torque technique to control the converter, to confirm the sine wave change of input current at the stator, with quick response, low vibration, torque dynamic control and wide speed adjust range.

A linearizer reduces nonlinear intermodulation distortion in radio frequency and microwave systems by first directly generating in-phase and quadrature nonlinear intermodulation products of the system input. Controllable amounts of each phase are then added back into the system such that the vector sum of nonlinear intermodulation products at the output is reduced or eliminated by destructive interference, while the fundamentals are substantially unaffected. The quadrature distorted signals are generated with two lightly-biased and thus overdriven differential pairs having gain-determining degeneration impedances that are in quadrature with each other The amount of each quadrature phase summed to the output is controlled with electronically tunable four-quadrant variable attenuators. The quadrature phasing enables rapidly convergent tuning to minimize distortion using conventional scalar spectral analysis. The advantages of a linearizer using rectangular vector coordinate system are significant.

A power converter for a switched reluctance motor or a permanent magnet brushless direct current (dc) motor may include first and second partial circuits for forming multiple conduction circuits in cooperation with first and second phase windings of the motor. The controller also includes a switch operable to open and close a first conduction circuit, which includes the first phase winding, and to regulate energization of the first and second phase windings of the motor through opening and closing the first conduction circuit. Control of the switch provides four-quadrant operation of the motor through regulated energization of the first and second phase windings.

This invention discloses a dual-feed AC-DC-AC converter control structure for wind power generation, and the rotor exciting magnetic converter using the fuzzy PI adaptive control strategy of current inner loop. When the generator no-load networking, the current inner loop uses the conventional PI regulator, and after networking, as to three modes, sub-synchronization, synchronization, super-synchronous, it uses fuzzy adaptive PI control. The network-side converter uses SPWM control strategy which fixed switching frequency and combining electric network electromotive front-feed. In the invention, both converting processes use four-quadrant operation PWM converters based on full-controlled devices, so it can not only improve the system dynamic response, reduce wastage and impact, achieve the two-way electric transmission, but also it can achieve wind power generation network side unit power factor sinusoidal current networking power generation operating.

A power converter circuit and associated triggering method for connecting a three-phase generator to an electrical network. The circuit includes a first direct connection of the generator to the network and a second connection of the generator to the network, through a four-quadrant converter which includes a first power converter, whose alternating voltage terminals are connected to the generator, and a second power converter, whose alternating voltage terminals are connected to the network. The triggering method for power compensation in the event of a short circuit is such that in a first period of time after the short, the second power converter outputs reactive power into the network; in a second period of time, the power converter feeds reactive power back into the network; and in a third period of time, the entire four-quadrant converter controls the gentle restarting, without loading the network with reactive power from the generator.

An apparatus and method for treating presbyopia and lowering intraocular pressure employing an intra-scleral implant into an elongated cavity oriented in the radial direction of the eye. The implant has a planar portion with a longitudinal axis running therethrough and a pair of extension portions extending a distance away from said planar portion and said longitudinal axis. The implant is implanted in an incision in four quadrants of the sclera. The incisions are shaped similar to the implants. The projecting extensions into side projections of the incisions, provide an anchor to maintain the implant in the sclera.

The present invention discloses a non-isolated AC-AC three-level AC-AC converter which has a structure comprising an input filter, a multilevel converter and an output filter connected in turn. Wherein the multilevel converter is composed of a basic constitution unit of two capacitors clamping, an energy-storage inductor and an energy-storage capicitor which are constitued for converting the input voltage to three output levels; the basic constitution unit is composed of a four quadrants power switch and a clamping capicitor. By different combinations with the input filter, basic constitution unit and output filter, a circuit topology family for non-isolated AC-AC three-level AC-AC converter including Boost type, Buck-Boost type, Cuk type, Sepic type and Zeta type. The invention with improved converting effiency, power density, reduced volume and weight as well as input side power factor is fit for high voltage AC-AC electric power converting, due to the reduced volume and weight of the output filter and improved output waveform quality, the application fields of three-level AC-AC converter can be widened.

The invention relates to a method, a device, a system and a software program product for determining for a pixel a coverage mask reflecting an orientation and possibly a distance from the pixel center of an original edge vector. The pixel is to be employed for displaying at least a part of a geometric primitive on a display, and the original edge vector represents an oriented edge of the geometric primitive. The method comprises as a first step determining one of four quadrants of a Cartesian coordinate system to which the original edge vector belongs due to its orientation. The original edge vector is then transposed into a predetermined one of the four quadrants. Next, a stored coverage mask is fetched, which is associated at least indirectly to the transposed edge vector. Finally, the fetched coverage mask is transformed to the quadrant to which the original edge vector belongs.

A three-color pixel element for a display comprises a blue emitter disposed at the origin of a rectangular coordinate system having four quadrants, a pair of red emitters and a pair of green emitters spaced apart from the blue emitter and symmetrically disposed about the origin of the rectangular coordinate system in a first and second pair of opposing quadrants.

The invention discloses a dual-band co-aperture flat array antenna which is applied to multiband homing heads and intelligent ammunition guidance systems. The dual-band co-aperture flat array antenna comprises a single-ridge waveguide slot array surface, a substrate integrated waveguide slot array surface, single-ridge waveguide slot array feed networks and a substrate integrated waveguide slot array feed network. The single-ridge waveguide radiation slot array surface comprises a plurality of rows of parallel single-ridge waveguide radiation slot line arrays; a substrate integrated waveguide radiation slot array comprises a plurality of rows of parallel substrate integrated waveguide radiation slot line arrays; an antenna array surface is divided into four quadrants; the feed networks respectively feed array surfaces of the four quadrants so as to have the condition of realizing a single-pulse function; each quadrant has two sets of feed networks for respectively feeding the single-ridge waveguide slot line arrays and the substrate integrated waveguide slot line arrays; the single-ridge waveguide slot array surface works in an X-band; the substrate integrated waveguide slot array surface works in a Ka-band; arrays of two forms have a common aperture and do not mutually affect; and the problem of electromagnetic wave blocking caused by non-coplanar array surfaces is solved.

A method and apparatus is disclosed for measuring the refractive index difference between a reference and sample liquid based on an interferometric design. The resultant device has an almost unlimited range of operation in contrast to a conventional interferometric refractometer of the so-called polarization type whose dynamic range is restricted to a relatively narrow range of refractive indices. The measurement of the refractive index difference between a sample and reference cell is achieved by measuring the angle through which the plane of polarization of a combined beam has rotated. For the conventional device, this angle is restricted to about pi radians which corresponds to a half wavelength shift between the reference and sample components of said combined beam. The extended range device disclosed permits this angle to be tracked and measured accurately over many rotations. The rotation tracking is achieved by one of three embodiments, the preferred of which involves the use of a liquid crystal retarder. The other two techniques incorporate, respectively, a rotating polarizer and a doubly split beam. All three embodiments permit the measurement of both the sine and cosine of the rotation angle and, thereby, allows a four quadrant arctangent calculation to yield the rotation angle directly. The error associated with such measurements is not a function of the rotation angle of the combined beams.

The invention relates to an energy-efficient bidirectional power flow transducer provided with a topological structure for dual PWM frequency conversion main circuit, combining three-phase PWM rectifying with three-phase PWM inverting to achieve a four-quadrant controlled transducer and realize bidirectional energy transmission between the power network and the motor. The power network can directly get electric energy feedback and braking torque can be adjusted automatically when power generation is delivered so that environmental protection and power saving can be realized. The great improvement of power factor both can effectively inhibit electromagnetic interference, harmonic pollution and can reduce switching loss. The entire systemis provided with double closed loop vector controlled scheme and adaptive function, is characterized in good static and dynamic performance and low frequency starting.

The invention relates to a hybrid multi-level current transformation topology based on an H full-bridge subunit, wherein one end of an H bridge cascading module is connected with a positive direct-current bus, and the other end of a fully-controlled switch tube series connection module is connected with a negative direct-current bus; the fully-controlled switching tube series connection module is of an H bridge circuit structure consisting of four bridge arms with same structure, wherein a connection point between the first bridge arm and the third bridge arm and a connection point between the second bridge arm and the fourth bridge arm are used as output terminals and connected with an LC low-pass filter; and one end of the H bridge cascading module is connected with a connection inductor, and the other end of the connection inductor is connected with one end of the fully-controlled switching tube cascading module. The hybrid multi-level current transformation topology disclosed by the invention can be used as a single phase, can be also used for a three-phase alternating-current circuit sharing a direct-current bus and realizes four-quadrant operation.