Treatment device and method for reducing acid value of vegetable oil

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of vegetable oil processing equipment and processes, in particular to a treatment device and a treatment method for reducing the acid value of vegetable oil. The device comprises a support, a mixing assembly, a filtering assembly, a water washing assembly, a dissolving assembly, a separating assembly and a water removing assembly, effective mixing, filtering, acid pickling, dissolving, separating and drying of grease, monoethanolamine, a solvent and a catalyst are achieved through step-by-step treatment, and finally the effect of efficiently removing free fatty acid and other impurities in the grease is achieved. The acid value of the vegetable oil is obviously reduced, and the product quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of vegetable oil processing equipment and process technology, and in particular to a device and method for reducing the acid value of vegetable oil. Background Art

[0002] The acid value reduction of vegetable oil is an important process in the food processing industry. It is mainly used to remove free fatty acids in oils and improve the quality and stability of oils. With the growing demand for food safety and health, how to reduce the acid value of vegetable oils efficiently and economically has become a research focus. The existing vegetable oil acid value reduction treatment technologies mainly include chemical, physical and biological methods, each of which has its own characteristics and is widely used in industrial production.

[0003] At present, the common vegetable oil acid value reduction treatment technologies are mainly the following: the first is the alkali refining method, which generates soap and glycerin by adding alkaline substances such as sodium hydroxide to react with free fatty acids in oils and fats to produce soap and glycerin; the second is the adsorption method, which uses adsorbents such as activated carbon and diatomaceous earth to adsorb free fatty acids and other impurities in oils and fats; the third is the ester exchange method, which generates new ester compounds by adding alcohol compounds such as methanol and ethanol to react with free fatty acids in oils and fats to produce new ester compounds. In addition, new technologies such as supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and microwave heating have also been gradually applied to the acid value reduction treatment of vegetable oils.

[0004] However, the above methods have some shortcomings in practical application. For example, although the alkali refining method is simple to operate, it will produce a large amount of wastewater and waste residue, causing serious environmental pollution; the adsorption method requires a large amount of adsorbent, which is costly and difficult to regenerate; although the ester exchange method can effectively reduce the acid value, the equipment is complex, the energy consumption is high, and the product separation is difficult. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a new technology that can not only efficiently degrade the acid value of vegetable oils but also be environmentally friendly and energy-saving. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to efficiently degrade the acid value of vegetable oil, on the one hand, the present application provides a processing device for reducing the acid value of vegetable oil, which adopts the following technical solution: A device for reducing the acid value of vegetable oil, comprising: Bracket; A mixing component, which is installed on the bracket and is used to mix and stir the grease, monoethanolamine, solvent and catalyst; A filter assembly, the filter assembly being mounted on the mixing assembly and used for filtering catalyst crystals in the grease mixture in the mixing assembly; A water washing component, which is installed below the filtering component and is used for acid washing of monoethanolamine in the grease mixture and water washing of monoethanolamine, unreacted acid and other water-soluble impurities in the grease mixture; A dissolving component, which is installed below the water washing component and is used to improve the solubility of the fat mixture passing through the water washing component to fatty acid ethanolamide; A separation component, which is installed on one side of the dissolving component, cools the oil mixture passing through the dissolving component, and separates the crystals, water phase and oil phase in the oil mixture; A water removal component is installed on the separation component and is used to dry the water in the oil phase separated by the separation component.

[0006] Further, the mixing assembly comprises: An installation pot, the installation pot is vertically arranged on the bracket, and a heating plate is provided on the inner wall of the installation pot; A first rotating shaft, which is coaxially fixed in the mounting pot and driven to rotate by a first driving member; A mixing disc, the mixing disc is coaxially rotatably connected to the first rotating shaft, a first channel for the grease mixture to enter is opened on the top of the mixing disc, a second channel in the form of a spiral line is opened horizontally inside the mixing disc, and a third channel is opened at the bottom of the mixing disc. The grease mixture enters the second channel from the first channel, enters the third channel from the outermost end of the second channel through centrifugal force and flows out, the mixing disc is provided with a plurality of them, which are arranged in sequence along the vertical direction, and the first channels of two adjacent mixing discs are connected to the second channels.

[0007] Further, the filtering component comprises: The collecting disc is a hollow disc and is coaxially mounted below the mixing disc at the bottom. A liquid inlet connected to the mixing disc is provided on the top of the collecting disc; a liquid discharge port is provided on the side wall of the inner cavity of the collecting disc; A collecting ring is sleeved on the outside of the collecting disc and fixed to the bracket. A collecting groove is provided on the inner wall of the collecting ring. The drainage port of the collecting disc is connected to the collecting groove. A recessed groove is provided at the bottom of the collecting groove. A drainage port is provided on the top wall of the collecting groove. A filter is provided at the drainage port.

[0008] Furthermore, a recycling component is included, and the recycling component includes: A recovery box is installed on the bracket, the recovery box is connected to the recessed groove through a connecting pipe, a liquid pump is provided on the connecting pipe, and the bottom of the recovery box is connected to the first channel of the mixing disc at the top through a connecting pipe; a drainage port is provided at the top of the recovery box, and a filter is provided at the drainage port; a cleaning pipe is provided at the bottom of the recovery box, and a control valve is provided on the cleaning pipe.

[0009] Further, the water washing component comprises: A stirring tank, the stirring tank is arranged below the collecting ring and fixed on the bracket, the first rotating shaft passes through the collecting disc and then passes through the stirring tank, and is coaxial with the stirring tank; a separating ring is arranged on the top wall of the stirring tank, the separating ring separates the inner cavity of the stirring tank into a first cavity and a second cavity which are connected at the bottom, a spiral blade is arranged on the peripheral wall of the separating ring to form a spiral pickling channel in the first cavity, and a spiral blade is arranged on the part of the first rotating shaft located in the second cavity; the discharge port on the collecting ring is connected with the stirring tank through a connecting pipe, and the connecting port between the connecting pipe and the stirring tank is located at the top of the pickling channel; The stirring tank is provided with a first liquid filling port at the top of the pickling channel for the pickling liquid to enter; A second liquid filling port for water washing liquid to enter is provided on the stirring tank and at the bottom of the pickling channel; The separation ring is provided with a drain port and the top of the second cavity is provided with a drain port.

[0010] Further, the dissolving component comprises: A heating ring, the heating ring is installed on the inner wall of the separation ring; A third liquid adding port for the fatty acid ethanolamide solvent liquid to enter is provided on the stirring tank and at the bottom of the pickling channel.

[0011] Further, the separation component comprises: A separation box, the separation box is installed on one side of the mixing tank through a bracket, and a vertical partition plate is provided in the separation box, the partition plate divides the inner cavity of the separation box into a third cavity and a fourth cavity that are not connected to each other, and the drainage port on the separation ring is connected to the third cavity through a connecting pipe; a water phase flow hole connecting the third cavity and the fourth cavity is provided at the bottom of the separation plate, and a filter is provided at the water phase flow hole; an oil phase flow hole connecting the third cavity and the fourth cavity is provided at a position higher than the water phase flow hole on the separation plate, and a filter is provided at the oil phase flow hole; an overflow hole is provided in the separation box at the area where the water phase flow hole and the oil phase flow hole are located, and the overflow hole connects the fourth cavity with the outside world; the separation box is provided with a drainage port at the bottom of the fourth cavity; A cooling plate, wherein the cooling plate is disposed in the third cavity; A filter box for filtering fatty acid ethanolamide crystals is provided between the cooling plate and the partition plate, the top of the filter box is open, the end of the filter box abutting against the inner wall of the separation box is open, and a closing door is elastically hinged at one end of the opening of the filter box, and the filter box slides vertically in the separation box; a crystal row port is provided in the separation box at a position higher than the oil phase flow hole, and the closing door can extend from the separation box from the crystal row port, so that the crystals in the filter box can flow out from the crystal row port; The second rotating shaft is coaxially connected to the separation box, and the vertically arranged second rotating shaft is kept rotating simultaneously with the first rotating shaft through a bevel gear set. A spiral groove is provided on the circumferential wall of the second rotating shaft along a spiral line with one circle, and both ends of the spiral groove are connected by a connecting groove parallel to the axis of the second rotating shaft, so that the spiral groove and the connecting groove form a spatial closed loop; a connecting rod is provided on the filter box, one end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the filter box, and the other end passes through the top of the separation box, the connecting rod is coaxially elastically slidably connected to the separation box, and the connecting rod has a tendency to move downward in normal state, and the end of the connecting rod away from the filter box is connected to a sliding block that slides in the spiral groove and the connecting groove.

[0012] Furthermore, a pressure control valve is provided at the drain port at the bottom of the fourth cavity. When the pressure received by the pressure control valve is greater than the pressure value when the area between the overflow hole and the drain port on the separation box is entirely filled with grease, the pressure control valve opens the drain port.

[0013] Further, the water removal component comprises: An evaporation box, one end of which is mounted on the separation box and communicated with the overflow hole, and the other end of which is inclined downward. A heating plate is provided on the bottom wall of the evaporation box; and an exhaust port is provided on the top wall of the separation box.

[0014] On the other hand, the present application provides a method for reducing the acid value of vegetable oil, comprising the following steps: S1, adding monoethanolamine, high acid value oil and fat and a catalyst into the mixing component of the processing device for reducing the acid value of vegetable oil according to claim 1 to react and generate fatty acid ethanolamide; S2, adding the oil mixture produced in step S1 into the filtering component of the processing device for reducing the acid value of vegetable oil according to claim 1, and filtering the catalyst crystals; S3, adding the oil mixture filtered in step S2 into the water washing component of the vegetable oil acid value reduction treatment device according to claim 1; S31, adding a certain concentration of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid to react with the unreacted monoethanolamine to generate corresponding salt and water; S32, adding deionized water to wash the salts in the grease mixture; S4, adding the oil mixture obtained in step S32 into the dissolving component in the processing device for reducing the acid value of vegetable oil according to claim 1, and dissolving the fatty acid ethanolamide in the oil mixture in the n-ethane by adding n-ethane and increasing the temperature; S5, adding the oil mixture obtained in step S4 into the separation component of the processing device for reducing the acid value of vegetable oil according to claim 1, precipitating and crystallizing the fatty acid ethanolamide by cooling, and reducing the flow rate of the oil mixture, and then separating the solid phase, the water phase and the oil phase; S6. Add the oil phase mixture in S6 into the water removal component in the vegetable oil acid value reduction treatment device according to claim 1, and evaporate the n-ethane and water vapor in the oil phase through the drying component.

[0015] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. A processing device for reducing the acid value of vegetable oil is designed, which mixes oil, catalyst and monoethanolamine through a mixing component to generate fatty acid ethanolamide; 2. A device designed to reduce the acid value of vegetable oil can be used to recycle the catalyst through the recycling component to reduce production costs; 3. A processing device for reducing the acid value of vegetable oil is designed. By cooperating with a dissolving component and a separating component, the fatty acid ethanolamide in the oil mixture is separated to obtain low-acid-value oil. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a device for reducing the acid value of vegetable oil according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a partial structure of a device for reducing the acid value of vegetable oil according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a device for reducing the acid value of vegetable oil according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of a partial structure of a processing device for reducing the acid value of vegetable oil according to an embodiment of the present application, and is intended to show a mixing disc; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of a partial structure of a device for reducing the acid value of vegetable oil according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional view of a partial structure of a device for reducing the acid value of vegetable oil according to an embodiment of the present application, and is intended to show a filtering component; Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of a partial structure of a processing device for reducing the acid value of vegetable oil according to an embodiment of the present application, which is intended to recycle components; Figure 8 It is a cross-sectional view of a partial structure of a device for reducing the acid value of vegetable oil according to an embodiment of the present application, and is intended to show a water washing component and a dissolving component; Fig. 9 It is a cross-sectional view of a partial structure of a device for reducing the acid value of vegetable oil according to an embodiment of the present application, and is intended to show the separation components; Fig.10 It is a cross-sectional view of a partial structure of a device for reducing the acid value of vegetable oil according to an embodiment of the present application, and is intended to show the crystals in the third cavity being salvaged; Fig.11 It is a cross-sectional view of the partial structure of a device for reducing the acid value of vegetable oil according to an embodiment of the present application, and is intended to show the water removal component.

[0017] 1. bracket; 2. mixing assembly; 21. mounting tank; 22. first rotating shaft; 23. mixing disc; 231. first channel; 232. second channel; 233. third channel; 234. spoiler rod; 24. hopper; 25. isolation cover; 251. limiting opening; 26. rolling roller; 3. filtering assembly; 31. collecting disc; 32. collecting ring; 33. collecting tank; 34. recessed tank; 35. scraper; 4. washing assembly; 41. stirring tank; 411. first liquid adding port; 412. second liquid adding port; 413. third liquid adding port; 42. separating ring; 421. first cavity; 422. second cavity; 43. pickling channel; 44. diverter plate; 5. dissolving assembly; 51. heating ring; 6. separation assembly; 61. separation box; 62. separating plate; 621. third cavity; 622. The fourth cavity; 623, water phase flow hole; 624, oil phase flow hole; 625, overflow hole; 626, crystal discharge port; 63, cooling plate; 64, filter box; 641, closing door; 65, second rotating shaft; 651, spiral groove; 652, connecting groove; 66, connecting rod; 67, sliding block; 68, pressure control valve; 7, water removal component; 71, evaporation box; 72, baffle plate; 721, seepage hole; 8, recovery component; 81, recovery box; 82, flow limiting plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following is combined with Figure 1-11 This application is described in further detail.

[0019] On the one hand, an embodiment of the present application discloses a processing device for reducing the acid value of vegetable oil.

[0020] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3A device for reducing the acid value of vegetable oil comprises: a support 1, a mixing component 2, a filtering component 3, a washing component 4, a dissolving component 5, a separating component 6 and a dewatering component 7, wherein the mixing component 2 is mounted on the support 1 and is used to mix and stir grease, monoethanolamine, a solvent and a catalyst, the filtering component 3 is mounted on the mixing component 2 and is used to filter the catalyst crystals in the grease mixture in the mixing component 2, the washing component 4 is mounted below the filtering component 3 and is used to acid-wash the monoethanolamine in the grease mixture and wash the monoethanolamine, unreacted acid and other water-soluble impurities in the grease mixture, the dissolving component 5 is mounted below the washing component 4 and is used to improve the solubility of the grease mixture passing through the washing component 4 to fatty acid ethanolamide, the separating component 6 is mounted on one side of the dissolving component 5, and after cooling the grease mixture passing through the dissolving component 5, the crystals, water phase and oil phase in the grease mixture are separated, and the dewatering component 7 is mounted on the separating component 6 and is used to dry the water in the oil phase separated by the separating component 6; In this way, in the first step, personnel add high acid value oil, monoethanolamine and catalyst into the mixing component 2 for mixing. In this application, the catalyst is calcium oxide particles; In the second step, the catalyst crystals or other solid particles in the grease mixture are filtered through the filter component 3, and the grease after filtering by the filter component 3 enters the water washing component 4; In the third step, a certain concentration of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid are first added into the water washing component 4 to react with the unreacted monoethanolamine to generate corresponding salts and water, and then deionized water is added into the water washing component 4 to wash the salts in the grease mixture; The fourth step is to add the oil mixture into the dissolving component 5 again, and add n-ethane into the dissolving component 5 while increasing the temperature, so that the fatty acid ethanolamide in the oil mixture is dissolved in the n-ethane; The fifth step is to add the oil mixture into the separation component 6, and reduce the temperature to cause the fatty acid ethanolamide to precipitate and crystallize, and at the same time, separate the solid phase, water phase, and oil phase through the separation component 6; The sixth step is to add the oil phase mixture into the components, evaporate the n-ethane and water in the oil phase by drying, and obtain low acid value oil.

[0021] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 , the mixing component 2 comprises: The installation pot 21 is vertically arranged on the bracket 1, and a heating plate is arranged on the inner wall of the installation pot 21; A first rotating shaft 22, which is coaxially connected to the mounting pot 21 and driven to rotate by a first driving member. In the present application, the first driving member is a motor and is mounted on the bracket 1; The mixing disc 23 is coaxially fixed on the first rotating shaft 22. A first channel 231 for the grease mixture to enter is provided on the top of the mixing disc 23. A second channel 232 in the form of a spiral line is provided horizontally inside the mixing disc 23. A third channel 233 is provided at the bottom of the mixing disc 23. The grease mixture enters the second channel 232 from the first channel 231, enters the third channel 233 from the outermost end of the second channel 232 due to centrifugal force and flows out. A plurality of mixing discs 23 are provided, which are arranged in sequence in the vertical direction. The first channels 231 of two adjacent mixing discs 23 are connected to the second channels 232. In this way, a person adds monoethanolamine, high-acid-value oil and catalytic substance into the first channel 231 of the top mixing disc 23. As the first driving member drives the first rotating shaft 22 to rotate, the first rotating shaft 22 drives the mixing disc 23 to rotate. During this process, monoethanolamine as an acyl donor undergoes amidation reaction with free fatty acids in the high-acid-value oil in the second channel 232. Through the combined effects of centrifugal force and gravity, the oil mixture thrown out of the second channel 232 enters the next mixing disc 23 from the third channel 233, thereby increasing the contact area of ​​various substances in the oil mixture and improving the reaction efficiency. At the same time, the reaction efficiency is further improved by the heating plate in the stirring tank 41.

[0022] Reference Figure 4 In order to further improve the contact area between various reactants, in the present application, a plurality of spoiler rods 234 are provided along the vortex line in the second channel 232, and both ends of the spoiler rods 234 are respectively fixed to the inner wall of the second channel 232, and the axes of the plurality of spoiler rods 234 are chaotically distributed, so that the fluid of the grease mixture in the second channel 232 is disturbed, thereby improving the reaction efficiency.

[0023] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 5 In order to facilitate personnel to add the grease mixture into the first channel 231, a conical hopper 24 is provided on the top of the mixing tank 41. The bottom of the hopper 24 is connected to the first channel 231 of the top mixing disk 23, and the axis of the first channel 231 is consistent with the axis of the mixing disk 23. The first rotating shaft 22 extends into the hopper 24. An isolation cover 25 is coaxially fixed to the top of the first rotating shaft 22. The bottom of the isolation cover 25 abuts against the inner conical surface of the hopper 24. A plurality of limiting openings 251 are provided at the abutment between the isolation cover 25 and the inner wall of the hopper 24 to limit the catalyst or other particles of excessive size from entering the second channel 232 and blocking the second channel 232. The plurality of limiting openings 251 are distributed circumferentially along the first rotating shaft 22.

[0024] Reference Figure 5In order to clean the solid particles restricted by the isolation cover 25, a rolling roller 26 is provided on the peripheral wall of the isolation cover 25. The rolling roller 26 is coaxially connected to the isolation cover 25, and the axis of the rolling roller 26 is parallel to the generatrix of the feeding hopper 24. When the first rotating shaft 22 rotates, the isolation cover 25 is driven to rotate, and the isolation cover 25 drives the crushing roller 26 to revolve and rotate at the same time, so as to crush the oversized particles in the feeding hopper 24.

[0025] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6 , the filtering component 3 comprises: The collecting disc 31 is a hollow disc and is coaxially mounted below the lowest mixing disc 23. A liquid inlet connected to the mixing disc 23 is provided on the top of the collecting disc 31; a liquid discharge port is provided on the inner side wall of the collecting disc 31; The collecting ring 32 is sleeved on the outside of the collecting disc 31 and fixed to the bracket 1. The inner wall of the collecting ring 32 is provided with a collecting groove 33. The drainage port on the inner wall of the collecting disc 31 is connected with the collecting groove 33. The bottom of the collecting groove 33 is provided with a recessed groove 34. The top wall of the collecting groove 33 is provided with a drainage port, and a filter is provided at the drainage port. Thus, when the grease mixture in the mixing disc 23 at the bottom flows into the collecting disc 31 through the third channel 233, and as the collecting disc 31 rotates, the grease mixture is thrown into the collecting tank 33 due to the centrifugal force, and the solid particles fall into the recessed groove 34 due to their own gravity. The solid particles are concentrated through the recessed groove 34 for easy handling by personnel, and the grease mixture is discharged from the drain port above the collecting tank 33, and the catalyst and the remaining solid particles are blocked by the filter screen. At the same time, since the drain port is located at the top, the filter screen is prevented from being blocked by solid particles.

[0026] Reference Figure 6 In order to facilitate the catalyst and other solid particles to enter the concave groove 34, a scraper 35 is provided on the peripheral wall of the collecting disc 31, and the scraper 35 abuts against the inner wall of the collecting groove 33; Therefore, when the collecting disc 31 rotates, it drives the scraper 35 to scrape the particles on the bottom wall of the collecting groove 33 into the concave groove 34 .

[0027] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 7In order to recycle and reuse the catalyst during the reaction process, a processing device for reducing the acid value of vegetable oil also includes a recovery component 8, which includes a recovery box 81. The recovery box 81 is installed on the bracket 1, and the recovery box 81 is connected to the recessed groove 34 through a connecting pipe, and a liquid pump is provided on the connecting pipe; the bottom of the recovery box 81 is connected to the first channel 231 of the top mixing disc 23 through a connecting pipe, and a liquid pump is provided on the connecting pipe; a liquid discharge port is opened at the top of the recovery box 81, and a filter screen is provided at the liquid discharge port; a cleaning pipe is provided at the bottom of the recovery box 81, and a control valve is provided on the cleaning pipe; Thus, the catalyst, other solid particles and grease mixture in the depression 34 are pumped into the recovery box 81 by the pumping pump. The top discharge port of the grease mixture recovery box 81 is filtered by the filter screen and flows to the next processing flow, while the catalyst is retained in the recovery box 81. When the catalyst needs to be reused, the pumping pump sends the grease mixture with a high catalyst content at the bottom of the recovery box 81 to the first channel 231 of the top mixing disc 23 for recycling. When the catalyst needs to be recovered, the control valve is opened to discharge the grease mixture containing the catalyst in the recovery box 81 from the cleaning pipe.

[0028] Reference Figure 7 In order to speed up the precipitation of the catalyst in the recovery box 81, a plurality of flow limiting plates 82 are provided in the recovery box 81. The flow limiting plates 82 are installed in the recovery box 81 at an angle downward, and the plurality of flow limiting plates 82 are symmetrically staggered in the vertical direction to form a slow flow channel to speed up the precipitation of the catalyst.

[0029] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 8 , the water washing component 4 comprises: A stirring tank 41, which is arranged below the collecting ring 32 and fixed on the bracket 1. The first rotating shaft 22 passes through the collecting disc 31 and then passes through the stirring tank 41, and is coaxial with the stirring tank 41; a separating ring 42 is provided on the inner top wall of the stirring tank 41, and the separating ring 42 separates the inner cavity of the stirring tank 41 into a first cavity 421 and a second cavity 422 which are connected at the bottom; a spiral blade is provided on the peripheral wall of the separating ring 42 to form a spiral pickling channel 43 in the first cavity 421, and a spiral blade is provided on the part of the first rotating shaft 22 located in the second cavity 422; the discharge port on the collecting ring 32 is connected to the stirring tank 41 through a connecting pipe, and the connecting port between the connecting pipe and the stirring tank 41 is located at the top of the pickling channel 43; A first liquid filling port 411 for the pickling liquid to enter is provided on the stirring tank 41 at the top of the pickling channel 43; A second liquid inlet 412 for water washing liquid to enter is provided on the stirring tank 41 and at the bottom of the pickling channel 43; The separation ring 42 is provided with a drain port at the top of the second cavity 422; In this way, the grease mixture from which the catalyst is removed in the collecting tank 33 enters the first cavity 421, and the pickling liquid enters the first cavity 421 from the first liquid filling port 411. The grease mixture reacts with the pickling liquid during the flow along the pickling channel 43 to generate salt and water. The pickled grease mixture is mixed with the deionized water entering from the second liquid filling port 412 at the bottom of the first cavity 421, and is stirred and mixed by the spiral blades inside the second cavity 422, and the grease mixture at the bottom is transported to the top of the second cavity 422, and is discharged from the drain port on the separation ring 42, completing the pickling and water washing steps. Reference Figure 8 In order to improve the reaction efficiency of the pickling step, a plurality of triangular diverter plates 44 are provided on the surface of the spiral blade inside the first cavity 421. The plurality of diverter plates 44 are randomly distributed along the spiral direction of the spiral blade to achieve the effect of disordered turbulence and increase the efficiency of pickling.

[0030] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 8 In order to separate the fatty acid ethanolamide in the oil mixture, the fatty acid ethanolamide is first dissolved, and the dissolving component 5 includes a heating ring 51, and the heating ring 51 is installed on the inner wall of the separation ring 42; A third liquid adding port 413 for the fatty acid ethanolamide solvent to enter is provided on the stirring tank 41 and at the bottom of the pickling channel 43; Thus, the fatty acid ethanolamide solvent is added from the third liquid adding port 413 to the bottom of the first cavity 421 . At this time, the fatty acid ethanolamide begins to dissolve in the solvent, and the heating ring 51 increases the solvent's affinity to the fatty acid ethanolamide.

[0031] In the application, a plurality of first liquid adding ports 411 , second liquid adding ports 412 and third liquid adding ports 413 are provided along the circumference of the stirring tank 41 to improve the reaction efficiency.

[0032] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Fig. 9 and Fig.10 In order to precipitate the dissolved fatty acid ethanolamide into crystals again, the separation component 6 includes: Separation box 61, the separation box 61 is installed on one side of the mixing tank 41 through the bracket 1, and a vertical partition plate 62 is provided in the separation box 61, and the partition plate 62 divides the inner cavity of the separation box 61 into a third cavity 621 and a fourth cavity 622 that are not connected to each other. The discharge port on the separation ring 42 is connected to the third cavity 621 through a connecting pipe; the bottom of the separation plate 62 is provided with a water phase flow hole 623 that connects the third cavity 621 and the fourth cavity 622, and a filter is provided at the water phase flow hole 623; the separation plate 62 is provided with a filter screen at a position higher than the water phase flow hole 623. The oil phase flow hole 624 connecting the third cavity 621 and the fourth cavity 622 is provided with a filter screen at the oil phase flow hole 624; the separation box 61 is provided with an overflow hole 625 in the area between the water phase flow hole 623 and the oil phase flow hole 624, and the overflow hole 625 connects the fourth cavity 622 with the outside world; the separation box 61 is provided with a drain port at the bottom of the fourth cavity 622; in the present application, preferably, the drain port on the separation ring 42 and the connecting port of the third cavity 621 are located in the middle area of ​​the oil phase flow hole 624 and the water phase flow hole 623; A cooling plate 63, the cooling plate 63 is disposed in the third cavity 621; A filter box 64 for filtering fatty acid ethanolamide crystals is provided between the cooling plate 63 and the partition plate 62. The top of the filter box 64 is open, and one end of the filter box 64 abutting against the inner wall of the separation box 61 is open. A closing door 641 is elastically hinged at the open end of the filter box 64, and the filter box 64 slides vertically in the separation box 61. The separation box 61 is provided with a crystal row port 626 at a position higher than the oil phase flow hole 624, and the closing door 641 can extend out of the separation box 61 from the crystal row port 626, so that the crystals in the filter box 64 can flow out from the crystal row port 626. The second rotating shaft 65 is coaxially connected to the separation box 61, and the vertically arranged second rotating shaft 65 is kept rotating simultaneously with the first rotating shaft 22 through a bevel gear set. In the present application, a connecting rod and a bevel gear can be used for transmission. A spiral groove 651 is provided on the peripheral wall of the second rotating shaft 65 along a spiral line with one circle. The two ends of the spiral groove 651 are connected through a connecting groove 652 parallel to the axis of the second rotating shaft 65, so that the spiral groove 651 and the connecting groove 652 form a spatial closed loop; a connecting rod 66 is provided on the filter box 64, one end of the connecting rod 66 is fixedly connected to the filter box 64, and the other end passes through the top of the separation box 61. The connecting rod 66 is coaxially elastically slidably connected to the separation box 61. In normal state, the connecting rod 66 has a tendency to move downward, and the end of the connecting rod 66 away from the filter box 64 is connected to a sliding block 67 sliding in the spiral groove 651 and the connecting groove 652; Thus, when the grease mixture in the separation ring 42 enters the third cavity 621, after being cooled by the cooling plate 63, the fatty acid ethanolamide precipitates and crystallizes. At the same time, by changing the size of the third cavity 621, the flow rate of the grease mixture in the third cavity 621 is reduced, and the oil phase and the water phase are gradually separated and flow into the fourth cavity 622 from the oil phase flow hole 624 and the water phase flow hole 623 respectively. The fatty acid ethanolamide is filtered by the filter and retained in the third cavity 621, and the water phase and the oil phase in the fourth cavity 622 are discharged from the drainage port at the bottom of the fourth cavity 622. , and overflow holes 625 flow out respectively; the first rotating shaft 22 is linked with the second rotating shaft 65 to drive the second rotating shaft 65 to rotate, drive the sliding block 67 to slide up and down, the sliding block 67 drives the connecting rod 66, and the connecting rod 66 drives the filter box 64 to salvage the fatty acid ethanolamide crystals in the oil phase. When the filter box 64 moves to the crystal row port 626, the closing door 641 pops open, and the crystals in the filter box 64 are discharged from the crystal row port 626. When the filter box 64 moves to below the crystal row port 626, the closing door 641 is closed due to the abutment against the inner wall of the separation box 61.

[0033] Reference Fig. 9 In order to increase the cooling efficiency of the cooling plate 63 , a plurality of through holes are provided through the cooling plate 63 , and the interior of the cooling plate 63 is a hollow structure so that the coolant can flow through the cooling plate 63 .

[0034] Reference Fig. 9 In order to automatically discharge the water phase in the fourth cavity 622 according to the ratio of the oil phase to the water phase in the fourth cavity 622, a pressure control valve 68 is provided at the bottom drain port of the fourth cavity 622. When the pressure received by the pressure control valve 68 is greater than the pressure value when all the oil is between the overflow hole 625 and the drain port on the separation box 61, the pressure control valve 68 opens the drain port; In this way, the opening of the control valve is automatically controlled according to the ratio of water phase to oil phase in the fourth cavity 622 to discharge the oil phase; in order to better control the discharge of the water phase, the start value of the pressure control valve 68 can be set to the pressure value of the oil phase plus a small amount of water phase, so as to ensure that the water phase is discharged from the drain port of the fourth cavity 622.

[0035] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Fig.11 In order to remove the water and volatile substances such as n-ethane in the oil phase, an evaporation box 71 is provided. One end of the evaporation box 71 is installed on the separation box 61 and is connected to the overflow hole 625. The other end is tilted downward, and a drain port is provided at the bottom of the evaporation box 71. A heating plate is provided on the bottom wall of the evaporation box 71. An exhaust port is provided on the top wall of the separation box 61. In this way, the oil phase material flowing out of the overflow hole 625 is heated by the heating plate during the flow from the bottom of the evaporation box 71 to evaporate the water and easily evaporable substances such as n-ethane in the oil phase, and the oil phase flowing out from the drain port of the evaporation box 71 is the final low-acid value oil; water vapor and gaseous substances such as n-ethane are discharged from the exhaust port, and personnel recover some of the substances from the exhaust port to reduce production costs.

[0036] Reference Fig.11 In order to increase the evaporation efficiency of the oil phase in the evaporation box 71, a plurality of baffles 72 are provided on the inner bottom wall of the evaporation box 71. The two ends of the baffles 72 abut against the side walls of the evaporation box 71, and the baffles 72 face the direction of the oil phase flow. The baffles 72 are provided with a plurality of seepage holes 721 near the bottom wall of the evaporation box 71. Thus, when the oil phase enters the evaporator box 71 from the overflow hole 625, the oil phase is blocked by the baffle plate 72 and overflows from the top of the baffle plate 72, thereby increasing the residence time of the oil phase in the evaporator box 71. At the same time, through the seepage holes 721 on the baffle plate 72, the baffle plate 72 will not be in a liquid accumulation state all the time.

[0037] On the other hand, the present application provides a method for reducing the acid value of vegetable oil, comprising the following steps: S1, adding monoethanolamine, high acid value oil and fat and a catalyst into a mixing component 2 of a processing device for reducing the acid value of vegetable oil according to claim 1 to react and generate fatty acid ethanolamide; S2, adding the oil mixture produced in step S1 into the filter assembly 3 of the processing device for reducing the acid value of vegetable oil according to claim 1, and filtering the catalyst crystals; S3, adding the oil mixture filtered in step S2 into the water washing component 4 of the vegetable oil acid value reduction treatment device according to claim 1; S31, adding a certain concentration of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid to react with the unreacted monoethanolamine to generate corresponding salt and water; S32, adding deionized water to wash the salts in the grease mixture; S4, adding the oil mixture obtained in step S32 into the dissolving component 5 of the processing device for reducing the acid value of vegetable oil according to claim 1, and dissolving the fatty acid ethanolamide in the oil mixture in the n-ethane by adding n-ethane and increasing the temperature; S5, adding the oil mixture obtained in step S4 into the separation component 6 of the processing device for reducing the acid value of vegetable oil according to claim 1, precipitating and crystallizing the fatty acid ethanolamide by cooling, and reducing the flow rate of the oil mixture, and then separating the solid phase, the water phase and the oil phase; S6. Add the oil phase mixture in S6 into the water removal component 7 in the vegetable oil acid value reduction treatment device according to claim 1, and evaporate the n-ethane and water vapor in the oil phase through the drying component.

[0038] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A device for reducing the acid value of vegetable oil, characterized in that: include: Bracket (1); A mixing component (2), the mixing component (2) being mounted on the support (1) and used for mixing and stirring the grease, monoethanolamine, solvent and catalyst; A filter assembly (3), the filter assembly (3) being mounted on the mixing assembly (2) and used for filtering catalyst crystals in the grease mixture in the mixing assembly (2); A water washing component (4), the water washing component (4) is installed below the filtering component (3), and is used for acid washing the monoethanolamine in the grease mixture and water washing the monoethanolamine, unreacted acid and other water-soluble impurities in the grease mixture; A dissolving component (5), the dissolving component (5) is installed below the water washing component (4) and is used to improve the solubility of the fat mixture passing through the water washing component (4) in fatty acid ethanolamide; A separation component (6), the separation component (6) being installed on one side of the dissolving component (5), cooling the oil mixture passing through the dissolving component (5) and separating the crystals, water phase and oil phase in the oil mixture; A water removal component (7), the water removal component (7) is installed on the separation component (6) and is used to dry the water in the oil phase separated by the separation component (6).

2. A device for reducing the acid value of vegetable oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mixing component (2) comprises: A mounting pot (21), the mounting pot (21) being vertically arranged on the bracket (1), and a heating plate being arranged on the inner wall of the mounting pot (21); A first rotating shaft (22), the first rotating shaft (22) is coaxially fixed in the mounting pot (21), and the first rotating shaft (22) is driven to rotate by a first driving member; A mixing disc (23) is coaxially rotatably connected to the first rotating shaft (22); a first channel (231) for the oil and fat mixture to enter is provided at the top of the mixing disc (23); a second channel (232) in the form of a spiral line is horizontally provided inside the mixing disc (23); a third channel (233) is provided at the bottom of the mixing disc (23); the oil and fat mixture enters the second channel (232) from the first channel (231), enters the third channel (233) from the outermost end of the second channel (232) by centrifugal force, and flows out; a plurality of mixing discs (23) are provided, which are arranged in sequence in the vertical direction; the first channels (231) and the second channels (232) of two adjacent mixing discs (23) are connected.

3. The device for reducing the acid value of vegetable oil according to claim 2, characterized in that: The filter assembly (3) comprises: A collecting disc (31), the collecting disc (31) being a hollow disc and being coaxially mounted below the mixing disc (23) at the bottom, the collecting disc (31) being provided with a liquid inlet at the top thereof and being connected to the mixing disc (23); and a liquid discharge port being provided on the inner cavity side wall of the collecting disc (31); A collecting ring (32), the collecting ring (32) is sleeved on the outside of the collecting disc (31) and fixed to the bracket (1); a collecting groove (33) is provided on the inner wall of the collecting ring (32); a liquid discharge port of the collecting disc (31) is connected to the collecting groove (33); a recessed groove (34) is provided at the bottom of the collecting groove (33); a liquid discharge port is provided on the top wall of the collecting groove (33), and a filter is provided at the liquid discharge port.

4. A device for reducing the acid value of vegetable oil according to claim 3, characterized in that: Also included is a recovery component (8), the recovery component (8) comprising: A recovery box (81), the recovery box (81) is installed on the bracket (1), the recovery box (81) is connected to the recessed groove (34) through a connecting pipe, the connecting pipe is provided with a liquid pump, the bottom of the recovery box (81) is connected to the first channel (231) of the mixing disc (23) at the top through a connecting pipe; a liquid discharge port is opened at the top of the recovery box (81), and a filter screen is provided at the liquid discharge port; a cleaning pipe is provided at the bottom of the recovery box (81), and a control valve is provided on the cleaning pipe.

5. The device for reducing the acid value of vegetable oil according to claim 4, characterized in that: The water washing component (4) comprises: A stirring tank (41), the stirring tank (41) is arranged below the collecting ring (32) and fixed on the bracket (1); the first rotating shaft (22) passes through the collecting disc (31) and then passes through the stirring tank (41), and is coaxial with the stirring tank (41); a separating ring (42) is provided on the top wall of the stirring tank (41); the separating ring (42) separates the inner cavity of the stirring tank (41) into a first cavity (421) and a second cavity (422) which are connected at the bottom; a spiral blade is provided on the peripheral wall of the separating ring (42) to form a spiral pickling channel (43) in the first cavity (421); a spiral blade is provided on the portion of the first rotating shaft (22) located in the second cavity (422); a liquid discharge port on the collecting ring (32) is connected to the stirring tank (41) through a connecting pipe, and the connecting port between the connecting pipe and the stirring tank (41) is located at the top of the pickling channel (43); The stirring tank (41) is provided with a first liquid filling port (411) at the top of the pickling channel (43) for the pickling liquid to enter; A second liquid adding port (412) for water washing liquid to enter is provided on the stirring tank (41) and at the bottom of the pickling channel (43); The separation ring (42) is provided with a liquid discharge port at the top of the second cavity (422).

6. The device for reducing the acid value of vegetable oil according to claim 5, characterized in that: The dissolving component (5) comprises: A heating ring (51), wherein the heating ring (51) is installed on the inner wall of the separation ring (42); A third liquid adding port (413) for the fatty acid ethanolamide solvent liquid to enter is provided on the stirring tank (41) and at the bottom of the pickling channel (43).

7. The device for reducing the acid value of vegetable oil according to claim 6, characterized in that: The separation component (6) comprises: A separation box (61), the separation box (61) is installed on one side of the stirring tank (41) through a bracket (1), a vertical partition plate (62) is provided in the separation box (61), the partition plate (62) divides the inner cavity of the separation box (61) into a third cavity (621) and a fourth cavity (622) which are not connected to each other, the discharge port on the separation ring (42) is connected to the third cavity (621) through a connecting pipe; a water phase flow hole (623) which is connected to the third cavity (621) and the fourth cavity (622) is provided at the bottom of the separation plate (62), and the water phase flow hole A filter is provided at the third cavity (623); an oil phase flow hole (624) is provided at a position higher than the water phase flow hole (623) of the partition plate (62) for connecting the third cavity (621) and the fourth cavity (622); a filter is provided at the oil phase flow hole (624); an overflow hole (625) is provided at the separation box (61) in the area between the water phase flow hole (623) and the oil phase flow hole (624); the overflow hole (625) connects the fourth cavity (622) with the outside world; a liquid discharge port is provided at the bottom of the fourth cavity (622) of the separation box (61); a cooling plate (63), the cooling plate (63) being arranged in the third cavity (621); A filter box (64) for filtering fatty acid ethanolamide crystals is provided between the cooling plate (63) and the partition plate (62); the top of the filter box (64) is open, and one end of the filter box (64) abutting against the inner wall of the separation box (61) is open, and a closing door (641) is elastically hinged at the open end of the filter box (64), and the filter box (64) slides vertically in the separation box (61); the separation box (61) is provided with a crystal discharge port (626) at a position higher than the oil phase flow hole (624), and the closing door (641) can extend out of the separation box (61) from the crystal discharge port (626), so that the crystals in the filter box (64) can flow out from the crystal discharge port (626); A second rotating shaft (65), the second rotating shaft (65) is coaxially connected to the separation box (61), and the second rotating shaft (65) is vertically arranged to rotate simultaneously with the first rotating shaft (22) through a bevel gear set, a spiral groove (651) is provided on the peripheral wall of the second rotating shaft (65) along a spiral line with a number of turns of one circle, and the two ends of the spiral groove (651) are connected through a connecting groove (652) parallel to the axis of the second rotating shaft (65), so that the spiral groove (651) and the connecting groove (652) form a A spatial closed loop; a connecting rod (66) is provided on the filter box (64), one end of the connecting rod (66) is fixedly connected to the filter box (64), and the other end passes through the top of the separation box (61); the connecting rod (66) is coaxially elastically slidably connected to the separation box (61); in normal state, the connecting rod (66) tends to move downward; one end of the connecting rod (66) away from the filter box (64) is connected to a sliding block (67) that slides in the spiral groove (651) and the connecting groove (652).

8. The device for reducing the acid value of vegetable oil according to claim 7, characterized in that: A pressure control valve (68) is provided at the bottom drain port of the fourth cavity (622). When the pressure received by the pressure control valve (68) is greater than the pressure value when the entire area between the overflow hole (625) and the drain port on the separation box (61) is filled with grease, the pressure control valve (68) opens the drain port.

9. The device for reducing the acid value of vegetable oil according to claim 8, characterized in that: The dewatering assembly (7) comprises: An evaporation box (71), one end of the evaporation box (71) is mounted on the separation box (61) and is connected to the overflow hole (625), and the other end is inclined downward, and a heating plate is provided on the bottom wall of the evaporation box (71); and an exhaust port is provided on the top wall of the separation box (61).

10. A method for reducing the acid value of vegetable oil, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, adding monoethanolamine, high acid value oil and fat, and a catalyst into the mixing component (2) of the processing device for reducing the acid value of vegetable oil according to claim 1 to react and generate fatty acid ethanolamide; S2, adding the oil mixture produced in step S1 into the filtering component (3) in the processing device for reducing the acid value of vegetable oil according to claim 1, and filtering the catalyst crystals; S3, adding the oil mixture filtered in step S2 into the water washing component (4) in the device for reducing the acid value of vegetable oil according to claim 1; S31, adding a certain concentration of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid to react with the unreacted monoethanolamine to generate corresponding salt and water; S32, adding deionized water to wash the salts in the grease mixture; S4, adding the oil mixture obtained in step S32 into the dissolving component (5) in the processing device for reducing the acid value of vegetable oil according to claim 1, and dissolving the fatty acid ethanolamide in the oil mixture in the n-ethane by adding n-ethane and increasing the temperature; S5, adding the oil mixture obtained in step S4 into the separation component (6) in the processing device for reducing the acid value of vegetable oil according to claim 1, precipitating and crystallizing the fatty acid ethanolamide by cooling, and reducing the flow rate of the oil mixture, and then separating the solid phase, the water phase and the oil phase; S6. Add the oil phase mixture in S6 into the water removal component (7) in the vegetable oil acid value reduction treatment device according to claim 1, and evaporate the n-ethane and water vapor in the oil phase through the drying component.

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