Block chain-based scientific research data storage and sharing system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a block chain-based scientific research data storage and sharing system and method. The system comprises a data encryption storage module, a block chain network construction module, an intelligent contract application module and a data sharing module. The data encryption storage module is used for encrypting the scientific research data and storing the encrypted data; the block chain network construction module is used for constructing a distributed block chain network based on a scientific research institution, and adding the encrypted data into the block chain network according to nodes of the scientific research institution; the smart contract application module defines an access sharing rule based on the smart contract; and the data sharing module extracts the encrypted data from the data encryption storage module and decrypts the encrypted data by using a sharing rule to complete data sharing. According to the invention, high security and privacy protection of data are realized through AES encryption and DNA data storage technologies; by constructing the distributed block chain network, the data monopoly of centralized storage is broken, and the efficiency and reliability of data sharing are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of cyberspace security technology, and in particular relates to a scientific research data storage and sharing system and method based on blockchain. Background Art

[0002] In the current scientific research field, data storage and sharing are key factors in promoting scientific progress. However, traditional scientific research data storage systems usually rely on centralized databases, which not only have the risk of single point failure, but also make it difficult to ensure data security and privacy. With the frequent occurrence of data leaks and cyber attacks, scientific research institutions have an increasing demand for data protection. In addition, the sharing of scientific research data also faces many challenges, such as copyright issues, the complexity of access rights, and barriers to cross-institutional cooperation. These issues limit the circulation and utilization of data, affecting the efficiency of scientific research work and the transformation of results. In order to solve these problems, a new technical solution is needed that can provide high data security, fine-grained access control, and a convenient cross-institutional sharing mechanism. Blockchain technology, with its distributed ledger, immutability, and transparency, provides an innovative solution for the storage and sharing of scientific research data. Through blockchain, decentralized data storage can be achieved to ensure data integrity and traceability, while using smart contract technology to automate the execution of data access and sharing rules, thereby improving the efficiency and security of scientific research data management. Therefore, developing a blockchain-based scientific research data storage and sharing method is of great significance to promote the openness, cooperation, and application of scientific research. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve the deficiencies of the prior art and provides the following solutions:

[0004] A scientific research data storage and sharing system based on blockchain, comprising: a data encryption storage module, a blockchain network construction module, a smart contract application module and a data sharing module;

[0005] The data encryption storage module is used to encrypt the scientific research data and store the encrypted data;

[0006] The blockchain network construction module is used to build a distributed blockchain network based on scientific research institutions, and add the encrypted data to the blockchain network according to the nodes of the scientific research institutions;

[0007] The smart contract application module defines access sharing rules based on the smart contract;

[0008] The data sharing module uses the sharing rule to extract the encrypted data from the data encryption storage module and decrypt it to complete data sharing.

[0009] Preferably, the data encryption storage module comprises: an encryption unit and a storage unit;

[0010] The encryption unit uses AES encryption to encrypt the scientific research data to obtain the encrypted data;

[0011] The storage unit uses DNA data storage technology to store the encrypted data.

[0012] Preferably, the blockchain network construction module includes: a network construction unit and a data on-chain unit;

[0013] The network construction unit adopts the Hyperledger Fabric blockchain architecture and builds a distributed blockchain network based on scientific research institutions;

[0014] The data chain unit is used to add the encrypted data to the blockchain network according to the nodes of the scientific research institution, and use distributed storage to save the data on multiple nodes.

[0015] Preferably, the workflow of the network construction unit includes:

[0016] Using the Hyperledger Fabric blockchain framework, we combined various scientific research institutions to build an initial distributed blockchain network;

[0017] Use the crytogen tool to generate the keys and certificates of each participant in the initial distributed blockchain network, and use the configtxgen tool to configure the transaction file and the initial genesis block;

[0018] Constructing peer nodes and sorting service nodes corresponding to the data nodes of each scientific research institution, wherein the peer nodes are used to maintain the transaction files, and the sorting service nodes are used to package the initial genesis block according to the consensus mechanism to generate a genesis block;

[0019] An access channel is constructed according to the genesis block to complete the construction of the distributed blockchain network.

[0020] Preferably, the workflow of the smart contract application module includes:

[0021] Building smart contracts using Solidity based on the data types and access requirements in the distributed blockchain network;

[0022] The access sharing rules are constructed based on the smart contract, and the access sharing rules include: access personnel, sharing purpose, data sharing scope and data sharing period.

[0023] Preferably, the workflow of the data sharing module includes: judging whether data sharing is possible by comparing the key and the certificate of each participating node; if it is judged to be possible, then sharing scientific research data using the access channel under the framework of the access sharing rules.

[0024] The present invention also provides a scientific research data storage and sharing method based on blockchain, and the sharing method is applied to any of the above-mentioned sharing systems, comprising the following steps:

[0025] Encrypt scientific research data and store the encrypted data;

[0026] Building a distributed blockchain network based on scientific research institutions, and adding the encrypted data to the blockchain network according to the nodes of the scientific research institutions;

[0027] Define access sharing rules based on smart contracts;

[0028] The sharing rule is used to extract the encrypted data from the data encryption storage module and decrypt it to complete data sharing.

[0029] Preferably, the method for constructing the blockchain network includes:

[0030] Using the Hyperledger Fabric blockchain framework, we combined various scientific research institutions to build an initial distributed blockchain network;

[0031] Use the crytogen tool to generate the keys and certificates of each participant in the initial distributed blockchain network, and use the configtxgen tool to configure the transaction file and the initial genesis block;

[0032] Constructing peer nodes and sorting service nodes corresponding to the data nodes of each scientific research institution, wherein the peer nodes are used to maintain the transaction files, and the sorting service nodes are used to package the initial genesis block according to the consensus mechanism to generate a genesis block;

[0033] An access channel is constructed according to the genesis block to complete the construction of the distributed blockchain network.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0035] The present invention achieves high data security and privacy protection through AES encryption and DNA data storage technology; by building a distributed blockchain network, it breaks the data monopoly of centralized storage and improves the efficiency and reliability of data sharing; at the same time, the present invention also optimizes data management and access control processes, provides efficient and secure identity authentication and access control solutions, promotes the flow and exchange of data value, improves storage efficiency and reduces costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0037] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the system structure of an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0040] Embodiment 1

[0041] In this embodiment, if Figure 1 As shown, a scientific research data storage and sharing system based on blockchain includes: a data encryption storage module, a blockchain network construction module, a smart contract application module and a data sharing module.

[0042] The data encryption storage module is used to encrypt scientific research data and store the encrypted data.

[0043] The data encryption storage module includes: an encryption unit and a storage unit; the encryption unit uses AES encryption to encrypt scientific research data to obtain encrypted data; the storage unit uses DNA data storage technology to store the encrypted data.

[0044] In this embodiment, before the AES encryption starts, the encryption unit needs to expand the original key into a key schedule, which includes multiple round keys. For AES-128, the original key is 128 bits and needs to be expanded into 11 round keys, including 1 initial round key, 9 repeated round keys and 1 final round key, each round key is 128 bits; for the initial round key, the scientific research data is matrixed and divided into a 4×4 (for AES-128) state matrix, each element is a byte (8 bits), and then the state matrix is ​​XORed with the initial round key to combine the scientific research data with the initial round key. For each repeated round key, each byte in the state matrix is ​​replaced by a fixed S-box, mapping each byte to another byte to achieve nonlinear transformation; then, the rows of the state matrix are cyclically shifted left according to specific rules: the first row remains unchanged, the second row is shifted left by one, the third row is shifted left by two, and the fourth row is shifted left by three; then, each column of the state matrix is ​​matrix multiplied with a fixed polynomial to increase the interaction between columns and improve the complexity of encryption; finally, the state matrix is ​​XORed with the round key of the current round; by repeating the operation of the repeated round key 9 times, the state matrix of repeated round encryption is obtained. For the final round key, each byte in the state matrix after repeated round encryption is replaced by an S-box, and then the rows of the state matrix are cyclically shifted left according to specific rules, and finally the last final round key is used to perform an XOR operation with the state matrix to complete data encryption and obtain the encrypted data. The storage unit translates the encrypted data from binary numbers into DNA base codes, and then uses a standard DNA synthesis machine to produce the corresponding base sequence.

[0045] The blockchain network construction module is used to build a distributed blockchain network based on scientific research institutions, and add encrypted data to the blockchain network according to the nodes of the scientific research institutions.

[0046] The blockchain network construction module includes: a network construction unit and a data chain unit; the network construction unit adopts the Hyperledger Fabric blockchain architecture to build a distributed blockchain network based on scientific research institutions; the data chain unit is used to add encrypted data to the blockchain network according to the nodes of the scientific research institutions, and use distributed storage to save the data on multiple nodes.

[0047] The workflow of the network construction unit includes: using the Hyperledger Fabric blockchain framework and combining various scientific research institutions to build an initial distributed blockchain network; using the crytogen tool to generate the keys and certificates of each participant in the initial distributed blockchain network, and using the configtxgen tool to configure transaction files and the initial genesis block; building peer nodes and sorting service nodes corresponding to the data nodes of each scientific research institution. The peer nodes are used to maintain transaction files, and the sorting service nodes are used to package the initial genesis block according to the consensus mechanism and generate the genesis block; building access channels based on the genesis block to complete the construction of the distributed blockchain network.

[0048] In this embodiment, the Hyperledger Fabric blockchain framework is used, combined with the business processes, data types, and security requirements of various scientific research institutions, and the initial distributed blockchain network is carefully constructed through reasonable design and planning; the crytogen tool is used to generate the keys and certificates of each participant in the initial distributed blockchain network. These keys and certificates are important guarantees for network security. They can be used to encrypt and decrypt data, verify identities, and ensure the integrity of transactions; the configtxgen tool is used to configure transaction files and initial genesis blocks. The transaction files contain transaction rules and parameters in the network. The genesis block is the first block of the blockchain. It contains the initial state and configuration information of the network. By properly configuring transaction files and generating genesis blocks, the normal operation of the network and the consistency of data can be ensured; considering the performance and scalability of the network, peer nodes and sorting service nodes corresponding to the data nodes of various scientific research institutions are constructed. Peer nodes are used to maintain transaction files. They can receive and verify transactions and package them into blocks. Sorting service nodes are used to package the initial genesis blocks according to the consensus mechanism and generate genesis blocks; access channels are constructed based on the genesis blocks to complete the construction of the distributed blockchain network; access channels are channels that connect various nodes. They can ensure secure and efficient communication between nodes. Users can apply to access the scientific research data of each node through access channels.

[0049] In this embodiment, the data on-chain unit is responsible for adding the encrypted data to the blockchain network according to the nodes of the scientific research institution, and using distributed storage to store the data on multiple nodes. This method can ensure the security and reliability of the data, and also improve the availability and accessibility of the data.

[0050] The encrypted data is packaged into transactions and added to the nodes in the blockchain network according to the nodes of the scientific research institution for verification and confirmation. Once the transaction is confirmed, the data will be added to the blockchain and stored permanently. The storage method used is distributed storage. The data is divided into multiple small blocks and stored on different nodes. When the data needs to be accessed, it can be queried and obtained through the nodes in the network.

[0051] The smart contract application module defines access sharing rules based on smart contracts.

[0052] The workflow of the smart contract application module includes: building smart contracts using Solidity according to the data types and access requirements in the distributed blockchain network; building access sharing rules based on the smart contracts, and the access sharing rules include: access personnel, sharing purpose, data sharing scope and data sharing period.

[0053] In this embodiment, first, an in-depth analysis of the data types in the distributed blockchain network is conducted. Different types of data may have different access requirements and security levels. For example, scientific research data may include experimental data, research reports, papers, etc. Each data type requires specific access rights and sharing rules. Next, the access requirements in the distributed blockchain network are evaluated, which includes determining which personnel need to access the data, what their access purposes are, and what data ranges they need to access. Then, the Solidity language is used to write smart contracts. The smart contracts should include the definition of access sharing rules, data verification and authorization logic, event triggering mechanisms, etc. After building the smart contract, access sharing rules need to be formulated: (1) It is clear which personnel can access the data. The identity authentication mechanism can be used to ensure that only authorized personnel can access the data. In addition, the scope of access personnel can be further restricted based on the user's role and authority; (2) Determine the purpose of data sharing. The purpose of sharing can include scientific research cooperation, data sharing platform construction, academic exchanges, etc. By clarifying the purpose of sharing, the scope of data use can be better controlled to ensure that the data is used for legitimate purposes; (3) Define the scope of data sharing. According to the sensitivity and importance of the data, the data can be divided into different levels and different sharing scopes can be set for data of different levels. For example, sensitive data can only be shared within a specific scientific research team, while public data can be shared on a wider scale; (4) Set the data sharing period. The data sharing period can be determined based on the timeliness and needs of the data. For example, some temporary data may only need to be shared within a specific period of time, while long-term data may be shared for a long time. For some data with a high confidentiality level, a deletion time will be set. After the user queries it locally, it will be deleted on the user side at the preset time.

[0054] The data sharing module uses the sharing rules to extract the encrypted data from the data encryption storage module and decrypt it to complete data sharing.

[0055] The workflow of the data sharing module includes: judging whether data sharing is possible by comparing the keys and certificates of each participating node; if it is possible, scientific research data is shared using access channels within the framework of access sharing rules.

[0056] Embodiment 2

[0057] In this embodiment, a blockchain-based scientific research data storage and sharing method includes the following steps:

[0058] S1. Encrypt scientific research data and store the encrypted data.

[0059] The steps in S1 include: an encryption unit and a storage unit; the encryption unit uses AES encryption to encrypt the scientific research data to obtain encrypted data; the storage unit uses DNA data storage technology to store the encrypted data.

[0060] S2. Build a distributed blockchain network based on scientific research institutions, and add the encrypted data to the blockchain network according to the nodes of the scientific research institutions.

[0061] The steps in S2 include: a network construction unit and a data chain unit; the network construction unit adopts the Hyperledger Fabric blockchain architecture to build a distributed blockchain network based on scientific research institutions; the data chain unit is used to add the encrypted data to the blockchain network according to the nodes of the scientific research institutions, and use distributed storage to save the data on multiple nodes.

[0062] The workflow of the network construction unit includes: using the Hyperledger Fabric blockchain framework and combining various scientific research institutions to build an initial distributed blockchain network; using the crytogen tool to generate the keys and certificates of each participant in the initial distributed blockchain network, and using the configtxgen tool to configure transaction files and the initial genesis block; building peer nodes and sorting service nodes corresponding to the data nodes of each scientific research institution. The peer nodes are used to maintain transaction files, and the sorting service nodes are used to package the initial genesis block according to the consensus mechanism and generate the genesis block; building access channels based on the genesis block to complete the construction of the distributed blockchain network.

[0063] S3. Define access sharing rules based on smart contracts.

[0064] The steps in S3 include: building smart contracts using Solidity according to the data types and access requirements in the distributed blockchain network; building access sharing rules based on the smart contracts, and the access sharing rules include: access personnel, sharing purpose, data sharing scope and data sharing period.

[0065] S4. Using the sharing rules, extract the encrypted data from the data encryption storage module and decrypt it to complete data sharing.

[0066] The steps in S4 include: judging whether data sharing is possible by comparing the keys and certificates of each participating node; if so, using access channels to share scientific research data within the framework of access sharing rules.

[0067] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A scientific research data storage and sharing system based on blockchain, characterized in that: include: Data encryption storage module, blockchain network construction module, smart contract application module and data sharing module; The data encryption storage module is used to encrypt the scientific research data and store the encrypted data; The blockchain network construction module is used to build a distributed blockchain network based on scientific research institutions, and add the encrypted data to the blockchain network according to the nodes of the scientific research institutions; The smart contract application module defines access sharing rules based on the smart contract; The data sharing module uses the sharing rule to extract the encrypted data from the data encryption storage module and decrypt it to complete data sharing.

2. According to the blockchain-based scientific research data storage and sharing system of claim 1, it is characterized in that: The data encryption storage module includes: an encryption unit and a storage unit; The encryption unit uses AES encryption to encrypt the scientific research data to obtain the encrypted data; The storage unit uses DNA data storage technology to store the encrypted data.

3. According to the blockchain-based scientific research data storage and sharing system of claim 1, it is characterized in that: The blockchain network construction module includes: a network construction unit and a data chain unit; The network construction unit adopts the Hyperledger Fabric blockchain architecture and builds a distributed blockchain network based on scientific research institutions; The data chain unit is used to add the encrypted data to the blockchain network according to the nodes of the scientific research institution, and use distributed storage to save the data on multiple nodes.

4. According to claim 3, a blockchain-based scientific research data storage and sharing system is characterized in that: The workflow of the network construction unit includes: Using the Hyperledger Fabric blockchain framework, we combined various scientific research institutions to build an initial distributed blockchain network; Use the crytogen tool to generate the keys and certificates of each participant in the initial distributed blockchain network, and use the configtxgen tool to configure the transaction file and the initial genesis block; Constructing peer nodes and sorting service nodes corresponding to the data nodes of each scientific research institution, wherein the peer nodes are used to maintain the transaction files, and the sorting service nodes are used to package the initial genesis block according to the consensus mechanism to generate a genesis block; An access channel is constructed according to the genesis block to complete the construction of the distributed blockchain network.

5. According to claim 1, a blockchain-based scientific research data storage and sharing system is characterized in that: The workflow of the smart contract application module includes: Building smart contracts using Solidity based on the data types and access requirements in the distributed blockchain network; The access sharing rules are constructed based on the smart contract, and the access sharing rules include: access personnel, sharing purpose, data sharing scope and data sharing period.

6. According to claim 4, a blockchain-based scientific research data storage and sharing system is characterized in that: The workflow of the data sharing module includes: judging whether data sharing is possible by comparing the keys and certificates of each participating node; if it is possible, scientific research data is shared using the access channel under the framework of the access sharing rules.

7. A scientific research data storage and sharing method based on blockchain, the sharing method is applied to the sharing system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Encrypt scientific research data and store the encrypted data; Building a distributed blockchain network based on scientific research institutions, and adding the encrypted data to the blockchain network according to the nodes of the scientific research institutions; Define access sharing rules based on smart contracts; The encrypted data is extracted from the data encryption storage module and decrypted using the sharing rule to complete data sharing.

8. According to claim 7, a blockchain-based scientific research data storage and sharing method is characterized in that: The method for constructing the blockchain network includes: Using the Hyperledger Fabric blockchain framework, we combined various scientific research institutions to build an initial distributed blockchain network; Use the crytogen tool to generate the keys and certificates of each participant in the initial distributed blockchain network, and use the configtxgen tool to configure the transaction file and the initial genesis block; Constructing peer nodes and sorting service nodes corresponding to the data nodes of each scientific research institution, wherein the peer nodes are used to maintain the transaction files, and the sorting service nodes are used to package the initial genesis block according to the consensus mechanism to generate a genesis block; An access channel is constructed according to the genesis block to complete the construction of the distributed blockchain network.

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