Special-shaped steel structure curtain wall construction method based on BIM + three-dimensional scanning

Abstract

The invention discloses a special-shaped steel structure curtain wall construction method based on BIM + three-dimensional scanning, and belongs to the field of building construction, and the construction method comprises the following specific steps: I, carrying out three-dimensional laser scanning on a special-shaped steel structure main body; iI, post-processing scanning point cloud data; iII, reversely establishing a special-shaped steel structure entity model by using the processed point cloud data; iV, performing comparative analysis on the point cloud model of the main body structure and the BIM model; the method can solve the problem of poor installation effect caused by certain deviation between the traditional curtain wall production and installation and an on-site main body, can carry out scanning modeling on a building main body of a special-shaped steel structure, can carry out precision comparison with an original design drawing, and can import model data into a total station to realize automatic lofting; and meanwhile, the construction precision and the construction efficiency are remarkably improved, the reworking problem caused by inaccurate installation is effectively avoided, and therefore the engineering quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of building construction, and in particular to a construction method of a special-shaped steel structure curtain wall based on BIM+3D scanning. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of modern building technology and design concepts, special-shaped steel curtain walls, as a complex and unique architectural form, have been increasingly widely used around the world. This curtain wall, with its complex geometric form, streamlined shape and non-standard design, shows the architect's unique artistic conception and meets the needs of high-performance building functions. However, this complexity also poses unprecedented challenges to the construction process, including design expression, manufacturing accuracy, on-site installation and quality control. Traditional two-dimensional drawing design and construction technology, due to its limited expression ability, is difficult to clearly and accurately convey complex geometric information, which often leads to deviations between design and construction. In addition, in actual construction, the components of special-shaped curtain walls are often large in size and varied in shape, making it difficult for traditional measurement methods to achieve the required accuracy. The accumulation of deviations may directly affect the overall effect and structural performance of the building, and increase the risk and cost of engineering rework; therefore, it is particularly important to invent a construction method for special-shaped steel curtain walls based on BIM+3D scanning.

[0003] The existing construction method of special-shaped steel structure curtain wall cannot solve the problem of poor installation effect caused by certain deviations between the traditional curtain wall production and installation and the main body on site. It is impossible to scan and model the main body of the special-shaped steel structure building to compare the accuracy with the original design drawings. The construction accuracy and efficiency are low, and rework problems caused by inaccurate installation are prone to occur. Therefore, we propose a construction method of special-shaped steel structure curtain wall based on BIM+3D scanning. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the defects in the prior art and propose a special-shaped steel structure curtain wall construction method based on BIM+3D scanning.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A construction method for a special-shaped steel structure curtain wall based on BIM+3D scanning, the specific steps of the construction method are as follows:

[0007] Ⅰ. Perform 3D laser scanning on the main body of special-shaped steel structure;

[0008] Ⅱ. Post-processing of scanned point cloud data;

[0009] III. Use the processed point cloud data to reversely establish the entity model of the special-shaped steel structure;

[0010] IV. Comparative analysis between the main structure point cloud model and the BIM model;

[0011] Ⅴ. Use Rhino+Grasshopper software to build a parametric model for the solid model to complete the curtain wall in-depth design;

[0012] Ⅵ. Use Rhino modeling software to divide the curtain wall detailed design model into units and extract the cutting information of each unit plate model;

[0013] Ⅶ. Cut and produce according to the model of each curtain wall unit panel;

[0014] VIII. Position and install curtain wall keel units at the designed position of the special-shaped steel structure solid frame;

[0015] Ⅸ. Install the processed curtain wall unit panels.

[0016] As a further solution of the present invention, the specific steps of the three-dimensional laser scanning in step I are as follows:

[0017] S1.1: Check the battery level, memory card capacity, and firmware version of the Leica RTC360 3D laser scanner. After the check is completed, remove any obstructions and reflective surfaces that may affect the scanning at the scene to be scanned before the scan begins.

[0018] S1.2: According to the site conditions and scanning requirements, pre-plan the intervals between scanning sites, and select the scanning locations to set up the 3D laser scanner according to the preset intervals. After the 3D laser scanner is set up, set the scanning parameters such as scanning range, resolution and scanning speed according to the actual scanning requirements;

[0019] S1.3: After the parameters are set, press the start button on the scanner or use the remote control to start the scanning process. During the scanning process, keep the 3D laser scanner stable and motionless. During the scanning process, the 3D laser scanner display interface displays the scanned 3D model in real time. The operator checks the scanning quality in real time during or after the scanning process. If any defects or deficiencies are found in the scanning results, the scanning position or parameters are readjusted to perform additional scanning.

[0020] As a further solution of the present invention, the specific steps of post-processing the scanned point cloud data in step II are as follows:

[0021] S2.1: The raw point cloud data obtained by scanning is imported into Leica Cyclone Register360 point cloud processing software. The automatic stitching function of Cyclone Register 360 software is used to automatically match and stitch based on the targets or natural features set during scanning, and the scanning data of multiple sites are stitched to form a complete 3D point cloud model.

[0022] S2.2: De-noise the spliced ​​point cloud data to remove noise points caused by environmental interference and equipment errors. At the same time, crop and clean the point cloud data that does not meet the preset requirements, and then convert the constructed 3D point cloud model to a unified coordinate system.

[0023] As a further solution of the present invention, the reverse establishment of the special-shaped steel structure entity model in step III

[0024] S3.1: Classify the point cloud data according to the structural characteristics of the landscape pavilion, and segment the different parts after classification;

[0025] S3.2: Use professional 3D modeling software, and during the modeling process, select appropriate modeling methods and tools according to the accuracy and density of the point cloud data. Then, build a 3D model of the landscape pavilion based on the processed point cloud data, and add materials and texture details.

[0026] As a further solution of the present invention, the specific steps of blanking production in step VII are as follows:

[0027] S4.1: Use Rhino software to further design the aluminum plate, decompose the roof aluminum veneer into unit planes, mark them with numbers, and export DWG or PDF format files based on the specified drawing frame to obtain prefabrication drawings, and export EXCEL files to obtain processing lists;

[0028] S4.2: The curtain wall keel system model is divided into units, and each unit module is pre-processed and manufactured according to the exported data parameters. The manufacturer then performs digital precision processing according to the processing drawings.

[0029] As a further solution of the present invention, the specific steps of positioning and installing the curtain wall keel unit in step VIII are as follows:

[0030] S5.1: Establish the characteristic control points of the curtain wall keel of the water exploration corridor. Based on the control of the characteristic points, refine and segment each axis from the whole to the part, and mark the characteristic coordinate points. Then extract the main points of the roof unit module keel. The extracted point data is used for the three-dimensional coordinate positioning of the subsequent installation work;

[0031] S5.2: Determine the spatial coordinates of the 3D model using Rhino software, save the required control point coordinates as a TXT document, and import the TXT document into the total station device. Then, use the coordinate setting function of the total station to accurately locate the spatial coordinates of the keel on the steel column or beam.

[0032] S5.3: Determine the reference axis and install the reference frame according to the steel beam lofting positioning points. After the reference frame is welded and installed, after confirming that the elevation position is consistent with the drawing, carry out large-scale frame construction. During installation, track and check the actual elevation, verticality, and grid size of the keel frame and make records. Cut the keel according to the detailed drawing, and control the size deviation within ±2mm;

[0033] S5.4: After the cutting is completed, the keel is installed by moving downward from the top of the upper flange of the steel beam, and the roof truss keel is welded to the roof steel beam flange. The position of the vertically extended keel is marked on the horizontal keel, and the error of the vertically extended keel plane axis is controlled within 2mm;

[0034] S5.5: For the arc section, the installation method is adopted from the middle to both ends. The keel model and material list are compared with the actual points on site for accurate installation. When installing each ring of arc horizontal keel, first find the spatial position, and then weld it to the steel beam wing plate after finding the spatial position. After welding, the weld is treated with anti-corrosion, and the anti-rust paint is checked for uniformity and omissions.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0036] The special-shaped steel structure curtain wall construction method based on BIM+3D scanning uses the Leica RTC360 3D laser scanner to scan the existing steel structure main project, and imports the original point cloud data obtained by the scan into the point cloud processing software. The automatic splicing function of the software is used to automatically match and splice the structure based on the targets or natural features set during scanning. The scanning data of multiple sites are spliced ​​to form a complete 3D point cloud model. The point cloud model is compared and analyzed with the steel structure design model to evaluate the installation accuracy of the main structure. The aluminum plate is further designed through Rhino software, and the roof aluminum veneer is decomposed into unit planes, numbered and labeled. Based on the specified frame, DWG or PDF format files are exported to obtain prefabrication processing drawings, and EXCEL files are exported to obtain processing lists. The curtain wall keel system The model is divided into units, and each unit module is pre-processed and manufactured according to the exported data parameters. After that, the manufacturer performs digital precision processing according to the processing drawings. The coordinate points are extracted through Grasshopper and combined with the on-site cooperation of the total station to accurately lay out the special-shaped aluminum veneer keel. The hyperbolic curtain wall steel skeleton is divided into unit plates through the surface modeling advantage of Rhino, and the curtain wall keel unit is installed. It can solve the problem of poor installation effect caused by a certain deviation from the main body of the traditional curtain wall production and installation. It can scan and model the main building of the special-shaped steel structure and compare the accuracy with the original design drawings. The model data can also be imported into the total station for automatic layout, which significantly improves the construction accuracy and efficiency, effectively avoids the rework problem caused by inaccurate installation, and thus improves the quality of the project. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 1 A flowchart of a special-shaped steel structure curtain wall construction method based on BIM+3D scanning proposed by the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 A 3D scanning point cloud model diagram of a special-shaped steel structure curtain wall construction method based on BIM+3D scanning proposed by the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a detailed model diagram of a special-shaped steel structure curtain wall construction method based on BIM+3D scanning proposed by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] Reference Figure 1-3 , a special-shaped steel structure curtain wall construction method based on BIM+3D scanning, the specific steps of the construction method are as follows:

[0042] Perform 3D laser scanning on the main body of special-shaped steel structure.

[0043] Specifically, check the battery power, memory card capacity, and firmware version of the Leica RTC360 3D laser scanner. After the inspection, remove any obstructions and reflective surfaces that may affect the scanning at the site to be scanned before the scan begins. Plan the intervals between scanning sites in advance based on site conditions and scanning requirements, and select a scanning location to set up the 3D laser scanner based on the preset intervals. After the 3D laser scanner is set up, set the scanning parameters such as scanning range, resolution, and scanning speed based on actual scanning requirements. After the parameters are set, press the start button on the scanner or use the remote control to start the scanning process. During the scanning process, keep the 3D laser scanner stable. During the scanning process, the 3D laser scanner display interface displays the scanned 3D model in real time. The operator checks the scanning quality in real time during or after the scanning process. If any defects or deficiencies are found in the scanning results, readjust the scanning position or parameters for additional scanning.

[0044] Post-processing of scanned point cloud data.

[0045] Specifically, refer to Figure 2 It can be seen that the original point cloud data obtained by scanning is imported into Leica Cyclone Register360 point cloud processing software. The automatic stitching function of Cyclone Register360 software is used to automatically match and stitch the scan data of multiple sites based on the targets or natural features set during scanning to form a complete three-dimensional point cloud model. The stitched point cloud data is denoised to remove noise points caused by environmental interference and equipment errors. At the same time, the point cloud data that does not meet the preset requirements is cropped and cleaned, and the constructed three-dimensional point cloud model is converted to a unified coordinate system.

[0046] The processed point cloud data is used to reversely build the solid model of the special-shaped steel structure.

[0047] Specifically, the point cloud data is classified according to the structural characteristics of the landscape pavilion, and the different parts after classification are segmented. Professional 3D modeling software is used, and during the modeling process, appropriate modeling methods and tools are selected according to the accuracy and density of the point cloud data. Then, the 3D model of the landscape pavilion is constructed based on the processed point cloud data, and various material and texture details are added.

[0048] Comparative analysis of the main structure point cloud model and BIM model.

[0049] In addition, it should be noted that the constructed three-dimensional solid model of the steel structure main body is verified and checked to ensure the accuracy and completeness of the model, and the point cloud data model is used to interact with the main structure BIM model to form a detailed report file, obtain the construction deviation value and deviation location, and adjust and correct the locations with large deviations to guide the welding and installation of the curtain wall keel later.

[0050] The Rhino+Grasshopper software was used to create a parametric model for the solid model to complete the in-depth design of the curtain wall.

[0051] Rhino modeling software is used to divide the curtain wall detailed design model into units and extract the cutting information of each unit panel model.

[0052] Production is carried out according to the model of each curtain wall unit panel.

[0053] Specifically, refer to Figure 3 It can be seen that the aluminum plate is deeply designed through Rhino software, the roof aluminum veneer is decomposed into unit planes, numbered and marked, and DWG or PDF format files are exported based on the specified drawing frame to obtain prefabrication processing drawings, and EXCEL files are exported to obtain processing lists. The curtain wall keel system model is divided into units, and each unit module is pre-processed and manufactured according to the exported data parameters. After that, the manufacturer performs digital precision processing according to the processing drawings.

[0054] Position and install the curtain wall keel unit at the designed position of the special-shaped steel structure solid skeleton.

[0055] Specifically, establish the characteristic control points of the curtain wall keel of the water exploration corridor, and based on the control of the characteristic points, refine and segment each axis from the whole to the part, and mark the characteristic coordinate points, and then extract the main points of the roof unit module keel. The extracted point data is used for the three-dimensional coordinate positioning of the subsequent installation work. The spatial coordinates of the three-dimensional model are determined by Rhino software, and the required control point coordinates are saved as a TXT document. The TXT document is imported into the total station equipment, and then the spatial coordinates of the keel are accurately located on the steel column or steel beam through the coordinate layout function of the total station. The reference axis installation reference frame is determined according to the steel beam layout positioning point. After the reference frame is welded and installed, after confirming that the elevation position is consistent with the drawing, large-area frame construction is carried out. When tracking and checking the actual elevation, verticality and grid size of the keel frame, make a record. Cut the keel according to the detailed drawing, and control the size deviation within ±2mm. After cutting, move the keel downward from the top of the upper flange of the steel beam to install it. Weld the roof truss keel to the roof steel beam wing plate, mark the vertical keel position on the horizontal keel, and control the vertical keel plane axis error within 2mm. For the arc segment, use the installation method from the middle to both ends, and accurately install it according to the actual site points corresponding to the keel model and material list. When installing each ring of arc horizontal keel, first find the spatial position, and then weld it to the steel beam wing plate after finding the spatial position. After welding, carry out weld anti-corrosion treatment, and check whether the anti-rust paint is evenly applied and whether there is any omission.

[0056] Install the processed curtain wall unit panels.

[0057] It should be further explained that after the aluminum veneer arrives at the site, each aluminum plate is manually transported to the drawing number and absolute coordinate point of the roof aluminum plate through the scaffolding and installed in sequence according to the drawing number sequence. During the installation of the aluminum plate, attention should be paid to the protection of the finished product, and the bolting adjustment should be made to the deformed position of the local keel.

Claims

1. A special-shaped steel structure curtain wall construction method based on BIM+3D scanning, characterized in that: The specific steps of this construction method are as follows: Ⅰ. Perform 3D laser scanning on the main body of special-shaped steel structure; Ⅱ. Post-processing of scanned point cloud data; III. Use the processed point cloud data to reversely establish the entity model of the special-shaped steel structure; IV. Comparative analysis between the main structure point cloud model and the BIM model; Ⅴ. Use Rhino+Grasshopper software to build a parametric model for the solid model to complete the curtain wall in-depth design; Ⅵ. Use Rhino modeling software to divide the curtain wall detailed design model into units and extract the cutting information of each unit plate model; Ⅶ. Cut and produce according to the model of each curtain wall unit panel; VIII. Position and install curtain wall keel units at the designed position of the special-shaped steel structure solid frame; Ⅸ. Install the processed curtain wall unit panels.

2. According to claim 1, a special-shaped steel structure curtain wall construction method based on BIM+3D scanning is characterized in that: The specific steps of the three-dimensional laser scanning in step I are as follows: S1.1: Check the battery level, memory card capacity, and firmware version of the Leica RTC360 3D laser scanner. After the check is completed, remove any obstructions and reflective surfaces that may affect the scanning at the scene to be scanned before the scan begins. S1.2: According to the site conditions and scanning requirements, pre-plan the intervals between scanning sites, and select the scanning locations to set up the 3D laser scanner according to the preset intervals. After the 3D laser scanner is set up, set the scanning parameters such as scanning range, resolution and scanning speed according to the actual scanning requirements; S1.3: After the parameters are set, press the start button on the scanner or use the remote control to start the scanning process. During the scanning process, keep the 3D laser scanner stable and motionless. During the scanning process, the 3D laser scanner display interface displays the scanned 3D model in real time. The operator checks the scanning quality in real time during or after the scanning process. If any defects or deficiencies are found in the scanning results, the scanning position or parameters are readjusted to perform additional scanning.

3. The method for constructing a special-shaped steel structure curtain wall based on BIM+3D scanning according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The specific steps for post-processing the scanned point cloud data in step II are as follows: S2.1: The raw point cloud data obtained by scanning is imported into Leica Cyclone Register360 point cloud processing software. The automatic stitching function of Cyclone Register 360 software is used to automatically match and stitch based on the targets or natural features set during scanning, and the scanning data of multiple sites are stitched to form a complete 3D point cloud model. S2.2: De-noise the spliced ​​point cloud data to remove noise points caused by environmental interference and equipment errors. At the same time, crop and clean the point cloud data that does not meet the preset requirements, and then convert the constructed 3D point cloud model to a unified coordinate system.

4. The method for constructing a special-shaped steel structure curtain wall based on BIM+3D scanning according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Reverse engineering of the special-shaped steel structure solid model as described in step III S3.1: Classify the point cloud data according to the structural characteristics of the landscape pavilion, and segment the different parts after classification; S3.2: Use professional 3D modeling software, and during the modeling process, select appropriate modeling methods and tools according to the accuracy and density of the point cloud data. Then, build a 3D model of the landscape pavilion based on the processed point cloud data, and add materials and texture details.

5. The method for constructing a special-shaped steel structure curtain wall based on BIM+3D scanning according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The specific steps of blanking production described in step VII are as follows: S4.1: Use Rhino software to further design the aluminum plate, decompose the roof aluminum veneer into unit planes, mark them with numbers, and export DWG or PDF format files based on the specified drawing frame to obtain prefabrication drawings, and export EXCEL files to obtain processing lists; S4.2: The curtain wall keel system model is divided into units, and each unit module is pre-processed and manufactured according to the exported data parameters. The manufacturer then performs digital precision processing according to the processing drawings.

6. The method for constructing a special-shaped steel structure curtain wall based on BIM+3D scanning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps for positioning and installing the curtain wall keel unit described in step VIII are as follows: S5.1: Establish the characteristic control points of the curtain wall keel of the water exploration corridor. Based on the control of the characteristic points, refine and segment each axis from the whole to the part, and mark the characteristic coordinate points. Then extract the main points of the roof unit module keel. The extracted point data is used for the three-dimensional coordinate positioning of the subsequent installation work; S5.2: Determine the spatial coordinates of the 3D model using Rhino software, save the required control point coordinates as a TXT document, and import the TXT document into the total station device. Then, use the coordinate setting function of the total station to accurately locate the spatial coordinates of the keel on the steel column or beam. S5.3: Determine the reference axis and install the reference frame according to the steel beam lofting positioning points. After the reference frame is welded and installed, after confirming that the elevation position is consistent with the drawing, carry out large-scale frame construction. During installation, track and check the actual elevation, verticality, and grid size of the keel frame and make records. Cut the keel according to the detailed drawing, and control the size deviation within ±2mm; S5.4: After the cutting is completed, the keel is installed by moving downward from the top of the upper flange of the steel beam, and the roof truss keel is welded to the roof steel beam flange. The position of the vertically extended keel is marked on the horizontal keel, and the error of the vertically extended keel plane axis is controlled within 2mm; S5.5: For the arc section, the installation method is adopted from the middle to both ends. The keel model and material list are compared with the actual points on site for accurate installation. When installing each ring of arc horizontal keel, first find the spatial position, and then weld it to the steel beam wing plate after finding the spatial position. After welding, the weld is treated with anti-corrosion, and the anti-rust paint is checked for uniformity and omissions.

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