System and method for modeling, simulating and monitoring tower landslide disaster based on unmanned aerial vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of pole and tower landslide disasters, in particular to a system and method for modeling, simulating and monitoring pole and tower landslide disasters based on an unmanned aerial vehicle. The complex terrain around the pole tower is monitored by means of unmanned aerial vehicle operation modeling, ground disaster hidden danger identification, three-dimensional monitoring and early warning, hidden danger dynamic prevention and control and the like. The reliability and effectiveness of the method are verified by carrying out a large number of tests on towers under different topographic conditions, the dependence on hardware in the embedded software testing process is reduced, and comprehensive real-time monitoring of topographic changes and accurate identification of landslide signs are realized. According to the invention, the monitoring and early warning capability of tower landslide disasters is obviously improved, and safe and stable operation of a power system is powerfully guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of geological disaster background around power system towers and disaster prevention, and in particular to a system and method for monitoring tower landslide disasters based on unmanned aerial vehicle modeling simulation. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of social economy, the stable operation of the power system is crucial to ensure the normal order of production and life. As an important supporting facility for power transmission, the safety of the pole tower is directly related to the reliability of power supply. However, in some areas with complex geological conditions and frequent natural disasters, the pole tower faces the threat of geological disasters such as landslides. Landslide is a common geological disaster with the characteristics of suddenness and strong destructiveness. Once a landslide occurs in the area where the pole tower is located, it may cause the pole tower to tilt and collapse, thereby causing a power outage, bringing huge economic losses and adverse effects to the society. The traditional pole tower landslide monitoring method mainly relies on manual inspections and ground monitoring equipment, which has problems such as limited monitoring range, low efficiency, and difficulty in obtaining accurate data in real time. In recent years, the rapid development of drone technology has provided new ideas and means for monitoring pole tower landslide disasters. Drones have the advantages of strong maneuverability, flexible operation, and the ability to quickly obtain large-area high-precision data, which can effectively make up for the shortcomings of traditional monitoring methods. By using drones equipped with high-precision sensors and cameras, and using automatic analysis and recognition software to work together, we can quickly scan and collect data around the towers, and then use advanced modeling and simulation technology to build an accurate three-dimensional terrain model, and analyze and predict potential landslide risks. This not only enables real-time and dynamic monitoring of tower landslide disasters, but also provides timely and accurate early warning information for the power sector, so that effective preventive measures can be taken to ensure the safe and stable operation of power facilities.

[0003] Since power lines cover a wide range and have long transmission distances, and pass through many areas with harsh environmental conditions, complex geological terrain, and changeable climate along the way, the safe and stable operation of the power grid has put forward higher requirements on disaster prevention and mitigation work and prediction and early warning technologies for transmission channels, and the situation of geological disaster prevention and control is severe. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to realize the problem of monitoring tower landslide disasters and dynamically simulating landslide disasters, the present invention provides a system and method for monitoring tower landslide disasters based on drone modeling simulation. The system mainly includes: a drone operation modeling module, a geological disaster hazard identification module, a three-dimensional monitoring and early warning module, and a hazard dynamic prevention and control module connected in sequence;

[0005] The UAV operation modeling module is used to establish a three-dimensional field model through photography of UAV field operations based on UAV orthophotometry / oblique photogrammetry and UAV close-up photogrammetry data;

[0006] The geological disaster hazard identification module is used to collect geological environment information and remote sensing satellite image data along key transmission lines, study the main geological disaster categories and development conditions, and determine the hidden danger points and risk sections by analyzing and summarizing the development characteristics and temporal and spatial distribution laws of geological disasters;

[0007] The three-dimensional monitoring and early warning module is used to three-dimensionally monitor high-risk geological disaster hazards in important power transmission channels, including remote sensing surface monitoring and ground point monitoring;

[0008] The dynamic hidden danger prevention and control module is used to simulate the movement process and predict the impact range, so as to achieve dynamic and coordinated prevention and control of geological disasters in important power transmission channels.

[0009] A method for monitoring tower landslide disasters based on unmanned aerial vehicle modeling simulation, the method comprising the following steps:

[0010] Step 1: Prepare relevant materials according to relevant requirements and perform relevant operations according to the test process; the UAV operation modeling module uses hardware plus software methods to survey and identify the geological environment around the tower, identify geological disaster hazards, three-dimensional monitoring and early warning, and dynamic prevention and control of hazards;

[0011] Step 2: Collect information on the background and status of geological disasters in the study area, and use the integrated remote sensing technology of "sky-air-ground" to identify hidden dangers and monitor and warn of geological disasters;

[0012] Step 3: Use drones for field flight sampling. Through the intelligent planning and autonomous operation technology of drone multi-mode photogrammetry, select the drone flight mode for shooting and sampling operations according to the different geological conditions around the tower; drone photogrammetry technology includes vertical photogrammetry, oblique photogrammetry, intelligent posing technology and close photogrammetry. Vertical photogrammetry, oblique photogrammetry and intelligent posing technology are used to obtain the target's fine texture. Close photogrammetry can highly restore the structure of the surface and objects, which is used to compensate for the distortion of data near the ground;

[0013] Step 4: Collect the data collected by drones and "sky-air-ground", and based on computer multi-scale fusion modeling technology, process them through Pix4D or ContextCapture related software to obtain a variety of model results, including real-scene 3D model, 3D point cloud, digital surface model, digital elevation model, digital orthophoto, so as to complete the establishment of a 3D field model;

[0014] Stet5: Identify geological disaster risks based on the geological environment information and remote sensing satellite image data collected along the key transmission lines, determine the hidden danger points and risk sections by analyzing and summarizing the development characteristics and temporal and spatial distribution laws of geological disasters; analyze the activity of hidden danger points based on the fine simulation results of their movement process, and consider their hazards based on the hazard area and hazard objects; find the corresponding hidden danger points by referring to the actual geological environment after simulating the hazard surface through fine dynamic simulation;

[0015] Stet6: After the drone operation modeling, the data and photos collected by the drone are used, and then based on the computer multi-scale fusion modeling technology, a series of numerical simulation methods are adopted to simulate the development and movement process of landslide and collapse hazards in detail, so as to achieve the deduction of the disaster scene before the disaster and the review of the disaster process after the disaster. Then, based on the detailed simulation results of the movement process of the risk geological disaster hazards above the first risk threshold, risk assessment and grading are carried out from the two dimensions of activity and harmfulness. For the high-incidence sections of geological disasters in important power transmission channels above the second risk threshold, risk assessment and grading are carried out from the two dimensions of dangerousness and vulnerability. Then three-dimensional monitoring and early warning are carried out;

[0016] Stet7: After the UAV operation model is established, numerical simulation methods such as finite element, discrete element and finite difference are used to simulate the development and movement of landslide and collapse hazards based on natural working conditions or rainfall conditions. Dynamic and coordinated prevention and control of geological disasters in important transmission channels can be achieved from the two levels of hazard points and risk sections, providing strong guarantees for the safe and stable operation of the power system.

[0017] A computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which implements the above method steps when executed by a processor.

[0018] A computer program product includes a computer program or instructions, and when the program or instructions are executed by a processor, the above method steps are implemented.

[0019] The technical solution provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention monitors the complex terrain around the pole tower by means of UAV operation modeling, geological disaster hazard identification, stereoscopic monitoring and early warning, and dynamic prevention and control of hidden dangers. The UAV operation modeling module is used to establish a stereoscopic field model established by UAV field operation through photography based on UAV orthophotometry / oblique photogrammetry and UAV close-up photogrammetry data; the geological disaster hazard identification module is used to collect geological environment information and remote sensing satellite image data along key transmission lines, study the main geological disaster categories and development conditions, and determine hidden danger points and risk sections by analyzing and summarizing the development characteristics and time-space distribution laws of geological disasters; the stereoscopic monitoring and early warning module is used to stereoscopically monitor high-risk geological disaster hazards in important transmission channels, including remote sensing surface monitoring and ground point monitoring; the hidden danger dynamic prevention and control module is used to simulate the movement process and simulate the impact range, so as to realize the dynamic coordinated prevention and control of geological disasters in important transmission channels. A large number of tests on poles and towers under different terrain conditions have been carried out to verify the reliability and effectiveness of this method, reduce the dependence on hardware during embedded software testing, realize comprehensive real-time monitoring of terrain changes, and accurately identify signs of landslides. The present invention significantly improves the monitoring and early warning capabilities of pole tower landslide disasters, and provides a strong guarantee for the safe and stable operation of the power system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which:

[0021] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a method for monitoring tower landslide disasters based on UAV modeling simulation in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 is a flow chart of UAV operation modeling in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 is a flow chart of geological disaster hazard identification in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 It is an automatic analysis software method analysis program control diagram in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a software digital architecture diagram in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] In the figure:

[0027] UAV operation modeling module (1), geological disaster risk identification (2), three-dimensional monitoring and early warning (3), dynamic prevention and control of hidden dangers (4), UAV multi-mode photogrammetry intelligent planning and autonomous operation technology (5), UAV multi-scale fusion quantitative and fine three-dimensional modeling method for geological disasters on transmission lines (6), hidden danger points (7) and risk sections (8). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention are now described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 1 is a flow chart of a method for monitoring tower landslide disasters based on drone modeling simulation in an embodiment of the present invention, which specifically includes:

[0031] A system for monitoring pole tower landslide disasters based on unmanned aerial vehicle modeling simulation includes: unmanned aerial vehicle operation modeling module 1, geological disaster hidden danger identification module 2, three-dimensional monitoring and early warning module 3, hidden danger dynamic prevention and control module 4. First, the photographic equipment with data transmission function carried by the unmanned aerial vehicle is used to adapt to the field flight, and the "sky-air-ground" integrated comprehensive remote sensing technology is used to collect information on the background and current status of geological disasters, and the collected data is refined by computer modeling. The geological environment information and remote sensing satellite image data collected along the key transmission lines are used to conduct relevant research on the main geological disaster categories and development conditions, and analyze and summarize the relevant laws of geological disaster development characteristics and temporal and spatial distribution. For typical geological disasters that threaten pole towers and lines, according to their development characteristics, a variety of technologies and methods such as oblique photogrammetry, ground-simulating flight, and intelligent posing are comprehensively adopted to establish a comprehensive, multi-scale, repeatable unmanned aerial vehicle field operation technical method that integrates intelligent route planning and autonomous operation.

[0032] Air-based is an aerial survey technology based on drone technology. The "air-based" remote sensing technology represented by low-altitude drone photogrammetry has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, safety and reliability, flexibility, strong real-time performance, rich results, and high resolution, which is very suitable for application in power transmission line scenarios; with drone remote sensing technology as the core, on the basis of revealing the typical disaster-pregnant environment and disaster-pregnant mode of the main geological disasters in the transmission line, a complete system of technical methods for identification of geological disaster hazards of transmission lines, monitoring and early warning, simulation and dynamic prevention and control, etc., is established, consisting of drone field operations and fine results production technology methods, fine identification of geological disaster hazards, air-ground combined three-dimensional monitoring and early warning technology methods, and simulation and dynamic prevention and control technology methods, etc., covering the entire transmission line geological disaster hazard identification-monitoring and early warning-simulation-dynamic prevention and control technology method system, and carrying out pilot applications and device development. The ground-based is a remote sensing application represented by three-dimensional laser scanning, GNSS, etc. The coverage is small, suitable for medium and small-scale remote sensing detailed investigations, and provides guarantees for the collection of basic geographic data. These three methods each have their own advantages and disadvantages. Therefore, it is necessary to give full play to the strengths of various technologies, comprehensively apply different technical methods according to different geographical environment characteristics, and establish a sky-ground integrated remote sensing coordinated monitoring and patrol and information collection technical method system for ground-based refined verification.

[0033] like Figure 2 As shown, the UAV operation modeling module 1 establishes a field model from three dimensions: studying the typical geological environment of transmission lines and the development characteristics of major geological hazards, UAV multi-mode photogrammetry intelligent planning and autonomous operation technology 5, and UAV multi-scale fusion quantitative and fine three-dimensional modeling method of geological hazards along transmission lines 6. Among them, the typical geological environment of transmission lines and the development characteristics of major geological hazards are studied using the "sky-air-ground" integrated comprehensive remote sensing technology. UAV multi-mode photogrammetry intelligent planning and autonomous operation technology 5 includes oblique photogrammetry and close-up photogrammetry, terrain-following flight, and intelligent posing; oblique photogrammetry refers to carrying multiple sensors on the same flight platform to collect images from five different angles, including a vertical angle, four oblique angles, to obtain rich textures of the building top surface and side view; close-up photogrammetry refers to target-oriented photogrammetry, which takes the surface of the object as the photographic object, and photographs the surface of any slope and slope direction in three-dimensional space. It is a method between two-dimensional and three-dimensional photography; terrain-following flight refers to the drone adjusting the flight altitude according to the acquired terrain data to maintain a constant height difference with the ground; intelligent posing means that the aircraft will fly along two mutually perpendicular bow-shaped routes to perform intelligent swinging photography of the survey area from different angles. The UAV multi-scale fusion quantitative fine 3D modeling method for geological hazards of power transmission lines6 includes the data and photos collected by the UAV, based on the computer multi-scale fusion modeling technology, and processed by processing software such as Pix4D or ContextCapture to obtain a variety of results, including: real-life 3D models of potential threat towers and lines, 3D point clouds, digital surface models (DSM), digital elevation models (DEM), digital orthophotos and other high-precision results data, which provide important basic information and data for quantitative monitoring and evaluation, and provide a data basis for subsequent work. The embedded software can run on a virtual target machine to realize various functions of software design. The fully digital simulation environment can display and modify the status of all CPU registers, on-chip devices, and memory, support ARM, DSP, PowerPC, Loongson, Feiteng, etc., have common debugging functions such as single step, breakpoint, variable monitoring, etc., the system status can be saved and restored, provide peripheral device controller simulation library, have scalability, support the expansion development and access of various simulation models, and provide a variety of API interfaces. Based on the full digital simulation environment, multiple simulation, software verification and testing functions such as rapid prototyping of embedded systems, system fault injection, unit-level testing of processor executed code, etc. can be realized. UAVs and software can be better combined and relied on each other to better identify and judge the geology of towers. Among them, space-based remote sensing technologies such as optical satellite remote sensing and InSAR have the advantages of all-weather, all-day, wide coverage, high spatial resolution, non-contact, and low comprehensive cost, which are suitable for large-scale geological disaster surveys and long-term continuous observations.

[0034] like Figure 3 As shown, the geological disaster hazard identification module 2 is used to collect geological environment information and remote sensing satellite image data along the key transmission lines, study the main geological disaster categories and development conditions, analyze and summarize the geological disaster development characteristics and time-space distribution laws to determine the hazard point 2 and risk segment 8. Among them, the hazard point 7 is based on the fine simulation results of the movement process of the hazard point to analyze its activity, and consider its hazard according to the hazard area, hazard object, etc. Through the fine dynamic simulation of the hazard surface, the corresponding hazard point is found with reference to the actual geological environment, and the geological disaster hazard can be identified at the same time. Risk segment 8 is: hazard and vulnerability, where hazard is the probability of a certain scale and type of geological disaster occurring in a certain area within a certain period of time under the action of certain inducing factors; vulnerability refers to the number of opportunities for the disaster-bearing body in the risk area to be destroyed by geological disasters and the difficulty of damage, considering the vulnerability of population, buildings and roads.

[0035] After the UAV operation modeling is completed, the three-dimensional monitoring and early warning module 3 uses the data and photos collected by the UAV, and then based on the computer multi-scale fusion modeling technology, finally adopts a series of numerical simulations to simulate the development and movement process of landslide and collapse hazards in detail, so as to realize the pre-disaster disaster scene deduction and post-disaster disaster process review; based on the detailed simulation results of the movement process of risk geological disaster hazards above the first risk threshold, risk assessment and level division are carried out from the two dimensions of activity and harmfulness; for the high-incidence sections of geological disasters in important transmission channels above the second risk threshold, risk assessment and level division are carried out from the two dimensions of dangerousness and vulnerability; then three-dimensional monitoring and early warning are carried out to dynamically prevent and control the hazards.

[0036] After the UAV operation model is built, the dynamic hidden danger prevention and control module 4 is based on the real-life three-dimensional model and uses numerical simulation methods, including finite element, discrete element, and finite difference, to study the fine simulation of the development and movement process of landslide and collapse hidden dangers based on natural working conditions or rainfall conditions. It realizes the dynamic and coordinated prevention and control of geological disasters in important transmission channels from the two levels of hidden danger points and risk sections, and improves the stable operation capacity and level of the power grid.

[0037] Based on the above research results, for important power transmission channels that are susceptible to typical geological disasters such as collapse and landslides, a standard process of drone-based detailed modeling - monitoring and early warning - simulation - risk prevention and control of geological disaster hazards such as landslides and collapses has been established, and on-site pilot applications have been completed.

[0038] Figure 4In order to analyze the program control diagram by the automatic analysis software method, the present invention uses the AETG-SA algorithm to generate test data in the process of drone identification, introduces the feedback of the test results into the algorithm, dynamically adjusts the algorithm parameters, obtains the optimal test set, and improves the test coverage. When testing the system, it is necessary to determine whether the requirements have changed. If the requirements have changed, the test data is introduced, the automatic test cases are executed, the test results are analyzed and stored, and the test data is automatically generated using the case generation algorithm. It is determined whether the first round of testing is to be carried out. If it is the first round of testing, a fully digital simulation test environment is built. If it is not the first round of testing, the test data is introduced, the automatic test cases are executed, and the test results are analyzed and stored.

[0039] If the requirements have not changed, the functional requirements and software inputs are sorted out, test data is automatically generated, and it is determined whether to conduct the first round of testing. If it is the first round of testing, a fully digital simulation test environment is built. If it is not the first round of testing, the test data is introduced, automatic test cases are executed, and the test results are analyzed and stored.

[0040] Figure 5 The software digital architecture diagram shows that the system has an integrated console, a fault simulation module, and an automatic test module using test code. These modules are connected to the first virtual simulation node, the second virtual simulation node, the third virtual simulation node, and the Nth virtual simulation node through a distributed data soft bus. Each virtual simulation node includes a controller, a virtual target machine, and virtual peripherals. The binary target code is input into the virtual target machine. The virtual target machine includes a virtual CPU and memory. The virtual peripherals include serial ports, CAN, 1553B chips, and other peripherals. The system also has a component management platform and a host machine.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] A method for monitoring tower landslide disasters based on drone modeling simulation, specifically comprising:

[0043] Step 1: Prepare relevant materials according to relevant requirements and perform relevant operations according to the test process; the UAV operation modeling module uses hardware plus software methods to survey and identify the geological environment around the tower, identify geological disaster hazards, three-dimensional monitoring and early warning, and dynamic prevention and control of hazards;

[0044] Step 2: Collect information on the background and status of geological disasters in the study area, and use the integrated remote sensing technology of "sky-air-ground" to identify hidden dangers and monitor and warn of geological disasters; through the mutual cooperation of "sky-air-ground" technologies, give full play to the strengths of various technologies, and use different technical methods in combination for different geographical environment characteristics to establish a technical method system of sky-ground integrated remote sensing coordinated monitoring and patrol and information collection for ground-based fine verification. Carry out on-site geological sampling operations, record data, and transmit to computers.

[0045] Step 3: Conduct field drone flight sampling. By studying the intelligent planning and autonomous operation technology of drone multi-mode photogrammetry, choose a reasonable drone flight mode according to the different geological conditions around the tower to perform more reasonable shooting and sampling operations. Drone photogrammetry technology includes vertical photogrammetry, oblique photogrammetry, intelligent posing technology and close photogrammetry. The first three can be used to obtain the target's refined texture and can be used for large drop terrain, but the details of near-ground information collection are still lacking. The latter close photogrammetry can meet the shortcomings of the first three. Close photogrammetry can highly restore the structure of the surface and objects, and can make up for the distortion of near-ground data.

[0046] Step 4: Collect the data collected by drones and "sky-air-ground", and based on computer multi-scale fusion modeling technology, after processing through related software such as Pix4D or ContextCapture, you can obtain a variety of model results to provide a data basis for subsequent work. These include real-life 3D models, 3D point clouds, digital surface models (DSM), digital elevation models (DEM), digital orthophotos and other related models. Thus, the three-dimensional model is established.

[0047] Stet5: Identify geological disaster hazards, analyze their activity based on the fine simulation results of the movement process of the hazard point, and consider their hazard according to the hazard area, hazard object, etc. The hazard surface that appears through fine dynamic simulation is then found with reference to the actual geological environment. At the same time, the geological disaster hazards can be identified.

[0048] Stet6: Conduct three-dimensional monitoring and early warning. After the drone operation modeling, the data and photos collected by the drone are used. Then, based on the computer multi-scale fusion modeling technology, a series of numerical simulation methods are used to simulate the development and movement of hidden dangers such as landslides and collapses. The disaster scene before the disaster and the disaster process after the disaster are reviewed. Then, based on the results of the fine simulation of the movement process of high-risk geological disasters, risk assessment and level classification are carried out from the two dimensions of activity and hazard, and three-dimensional monitoring and early warning are carried out.

[0049] Stet7: Dynamic prevention and control of hidden dangers. After the model is established through UAV operations and satellite photography, numerical simulation methods such as finite element, discrete element, and finite difference are used to conduct detailed simulation of the development and movement of hidden dangers such as landslides and collapses based on natural conditions or rainfall conditions. Dynamic and coordinated prevention and control of geological disasters in important transmission channels is achieved from the two levels of hidden danger points and risk sections, providing strong guarantees for the safe and stable operation of the power system.

[0050] Example 3

[0051] A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that a computer program is stored therein, and when the program is executed by a processor, the above method steps are implemented.

[0052] Example 4

[0053] A computer program product, characterized in that it includes a computer program or instructions, and when the program or instructions are executed by a processor, the above method steps are implemented.

[0054] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for monitoring tower landslide disasters based on drone modeling simulation, characterized by: The system comprises a drone operation modeling module (1), a geological disaster hazard identification module (2), a three-dimensional monitoring and early warning module (3), and a hazard dynamic prevention and control module (4) which are connected in sequence; The UAV operation modeling module (1) is used to establish a three-dimensional field model through photography of the UAV on-site operation based on the UAV orthophotometry / oblique photogrammetry and UAV close-up photogrammetry data; The geological disaster hazard identification module (2) is used to collect geological environment information and remote sensing satellite image data along key transmission lines, study the main geological disaster categories and development conditions, and determine the hazard points and risk sections by analyzing and summarizing the development characteristics and temporal and spatial distribution laws of geological disasters; The three-dimensional monitoring and early warning module (3) is used for three-dimensional monitoring of high-risk geological disaster hazards in important power transmission channels, including remote sensing surface monitoring and ground point monitoring; The hidden danger dynamic prevention and control module (4) is used to simulate the movement process and the impact range, so as to achieve dynamic and coordinated prevention and control of geological disasters in important power transmission channels.

2. A system for monitoring tower landslide disasters based on drone modeling simulation as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The UAV operation modeling module (1) establishes a field model from three dimensions: studying the typical geological environment of transmission lines and the development characteristics of major geological hazards, intelligent planning and autonomous operation technology of UAV multi-mode photogrammetry, and quantitative and fine three-dimensional modeling methods of UAV multi-scale fusion of geological hazards along transmission lines. The typical geological environment of transmission lines and the development characteristics of major geological hazards are studied using the integrated remote sensing technology of "sky-air-ground".

3. A system for monitoring tower landslide disasters based on drone modeling simulation as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The intelligent planning and autonomous operation technology of multi-modal photogrammetry of unmanned aerial vehicles includes oblique photogrammetry, close-up photogrammetry, terrain-following flight, and intelligent posing; oblique photogrammetry refers to carrying multiple sensors on the same flight platform to collect images from five different angles, including a vertical angle, four oblique angles, to obtain rich textures of the top surface and side view of the building; close-up photogrammetry refers to target-oriented photogrammetry, which takes the surface of the object as the photographic object, and photographs the surface of any slope and slope direction in three-dimensional space. It is a method between two-dimensional and three-dimensional photography; terrain-following flight means that the UAV adjusts the flight altitude according to the acquired terrain data to maintain a constant height difference with the ground; intelligent posing means that the aircraft will fly along two mutually perpendicular bow-shaped routes to perform intelligent swinging photography of the survey area from different angles.

4. A system for monitoring tower landslide disasters based on drone modeling simulation as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The UAV multi-scale fusion quantitative and fine 3D modeling method for geological hazards along power transmission lines (6) includes the data and photos collected by the UAV, based on computer multi-scale fusion modeling technology, and processed by Pix4D or ContextCapture processing software to obtain a variety of model results, including: real-life 3D model, 3D point cloud, digital surface model, digital elevation model, and digital orthophoto.

5. The system for monitoring tower landslide disasters based on drone modeling simulation as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Hidden danger points refer to the analysis of their activity based on the results of detailed simulation of their movement process, and their hazardousness is considered according to the hazardous area and hazardous objects. The hazard surface that appears through detailed dynamic simulation is then found with reference to the actual geological environment to identify the geological disaster hazards. The risk segment includes hazard and vulnerability, among which hazard refers to the probability of a geological disaster of a specific scale and type occurring in a certain area within a certain period of time under the influence of certain inducing factors, and vulnerability refers to the chance of the disaster-bearing body in the risk area being destroyed by geological disasters and the difficulty of damage, taking into account the vulnerability of population, buildings and roads.

6. A system for monitoring tower landslide disasters based on drone modeling simulation as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: After the UAV operation modeling is completed, the three-dimensional monitoring and early warning module (3) uses the data and photos collected by the UAV, and then based on the computer multi-scale fusion modeling technology, finally adopts a series of numerical simulations to simulate the development and movement process of landslide and collapse hazards in detail, so as to achieve the deduction of the disaster scene before the disaster and the review of the disaster process after the disaster; based on the detailed simulation results of the movement process of risk geological disaster hazards above the first risk threshold, risk assessment and classification are carried out from the two dimensions of activity and hazard; for the high-incidence sections of important transmission channels with geological disasters above the second risk threshold, risk assessment and classification are carried out from the two dimensions of danger and vulnerability; and then three-dimensional monitoring and early warning are carried out to make dynamic prevention and control preparations for the hazards.

7. A system for monitoring tower landslide disasters based on drone modeling simulation as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: After the UAV operation model is established, the dynamic prevention and control module (4) uses numerical simulation methods, including finite element, discrete element, and finite difference, to study the fine simulation of the development and movement process of landslide and collapse hazards based on natural conditions or rainfall conditions, and realizes dynamic coordinated prevention and control of geological disasters in important transmission channels from the two levels of hazard points and risk sections, thereby improving the stable operation capacity and level of the power grid.

8. A method for monitoring tower landslide disasters based on drone modeling simulation, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Prepare relevant materials according to relevant requirements and perform relevant operations according to the test process; the UAV operation modeling module uses hardware plus software methods to survey and identify the geological environment around the tower, identify geological disaster hazards, three-dimensional monitoring and early warning, and dynamic prevention and control of hazards; Step 2: Collect information on the background and status of geological disasters in the study area, and use the integrated remote sensing technology of "sky-air-ground" to identify hidden dangers and monitor and warn of geological disasters; Step 3: Use drones for field flight sampling. Through the intelligent planning and autonomous operation technology of drone multi-mode photogrammetry, select the drone flight mode for shooting and sampling operations according to the different geological conditions around the tower; drone photogrammetry technology includes vertical photogrammetry, oblique photogrammetry, intelligent posing technology and close photogrammetry. Vertical photogrammetry, oblique photogrammetry and intelligent posing technology are used to obtain the target's fine texture. Close photogrammetry can highly restore the structure of the surface and objects, which is used to compensate for the distortion of data near the ground; Step 4: Collect the data collected by drones and "sky-air-ground", and based on computer multi-scale fusion modeling technology, process them through Pix4D or ContextCapture related software to obtain a variety of model results, including real-scene 3D model, 3D point cloud, digital surface model, digital elevation model, digital orthophoto, so as to complete the establishment of a 3D field model; Stet5: Identify geological disaster risks based on the geological environment information and remote sensing satellite image data collected along the key transmission lines, determine the hidden danger points and risk sections by analyzing and summarizing the development characteristics and temporal and spatial distribution laws of geological disasters; analyze the activity of hidden danger points based on the fine simulation results of their movement process, and consider their hazards based on the hazard area and hazard objects; find the corresponding hidden danger points by referring to the actual geological environment after simulating the hazard surface through fine dynamic simulation; Stet6: After the drone operation modeling, the data and photos collected by the drone are used, and then based on the computer multi-scale fusion modeling technology, a series of numerical simulation methods are adopted to simulate the development and movement process of landslide and collapse hazards in detail, so as to achieve the deduction of the disaster scene before the disaster and the review of the disaster process after the disaster. Then, based on the detailed simulation results of the movement process of the risk geological disaster hazards above the first risk threshold, risk assessment and grading are carried out from the two dimensions of activity and harmfulness. For the high-incidence sections of geological disasters in important power transmission channels above the second risk threshold, risk assessment and grading are carried out from the two dimensions of dangerousness and vulnerability. Then three-dimensional monitoring and early warning are carried out; Stet7: After the UAV operation model is established, numerical simulation methods such as finite element, discrete element and finite difference are used to simulate the development and movement of landslide and collapse hazards based on natural working conditions or rainfall conditions. Dynamic and coordinated prevention and control of geological disasters in important transmission channels can be achieved from the two levels of hazard points and risk sections, providing strong guarantees for the safe and stable operation of the power system.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: A computer program is stored, and when the program is executed by a processor, the above method steps are implemented.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that The computer program or instruction is included, and when the program or instruction is executed by a processor, the above method steps are implemented.

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