Perovskite substrate heating system and control system

Abstract

The invention provides a perovskite substrate heating system and a control system, the perovskite substrate heating system comprises at least two greenhouses, the two adjacent greenhouses are fixedly connected, and the air ducts of the two adjacent greenhouses are communicated; the heat exchanger is connected with the at least two greenhouses through the air ducts; the condensation tank is communicated with the heat exchanger; the liquid storage tank is communicated with the heat exchanger and the condensation tank; wherein air ducts arranged among the at least two greenhouses, the heat exchanger, the condensation tank and the liquid storage tank are communicated in a closed-loop manner; gas passes through the mesh plate in the greenhouse and then heats the perovskite substrate, and the heated gas passes through the closed-loop communication of the air ducts among the greenhouse, the heat exchanger, the condensation tank and the liquid storage tank to heat the perovskite glass substrate again. According to the scheme, multi-temperature-zone progressive heating can be achieved, and the heating efficiency, the energy utilization rate and the machining quality are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of material heating, and in particular to a perovskite substrate heating system and a control system. Background Art

[0002] New energy perovskite photovoltaic cells have the characteristics of low production cost, low pollution, no decay, good weak light performance, etc. The photoelectric conversion efficiency ranks among the top existing photovoltaic cells, and it is the most promising new energy battery of the new generation. Perovskite new energy photovoltaic panels need to be sprayed with perovskite during the preparation process, and the perovskite substrate after spraying needs to be heated and dried. The drying process is an important part of the production of new energy perovskite photovoltaic modules. However, the existing heating system of perovskite substrate glass has problems such as large size, high equipment cost, insufficient temperature control, and high energy consumption. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a perovskite substrate heating system and control system, which can realize multi-temperature zone progressive heating, improve heating efficiency, energy utilization rate and processing quality.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A perovskite substrate heating system, comprising:

[0006] At least two greenhouses, two adjacent greenhouses are fixedly connected, and the air ducts of the two adjacent greenhouses are connected;

[0007] a heat exchanger connected to the at least two greenhouses via the air duct;

[0008] a condensation tank in communication with the heat exchanger;

[0009] a liquid storage tank in communication with the heat exchanger and the condensing tank;

[0010] Among them, the air ducts arranged between the at least two greenhouses, the heat exchanger, the condensation tank, and the liquid storage tank are connected in a closed loop; the gas heats the perovskite substrate after passing through the mesh plate in the greenhouse, and after heating, the gas passes through the air duct closed loop connected between the greenhouse, the heat exchanger, the condensation tank, and the liquid storage tank to heat the perovskite glass substrate again.

[0011] Optionally, the at least two greenhouses include: a first greenhouse, a second greenhouse, a third greenhouse and a fourth greenhouse;

[0012] The air ducts of the first greenhouse, the second greenhouse, the third greenhouse and the fourth greenhouse are connected end to end to form a connecting air duct;

[0013] The air outlet of the heat exchanger is in communication with the air duct inlet of the first greenhouse;

[0014] The air inlet of the heat exchanger is communicated with the air duct outlet of the fourth greenhouse.

[0015] Optionally, the first greenhouse, the second greenhouse, the third greenhouse and the fourth greenhouse all include:

[0016] Heating chamber;

[0017] a fan chamber in communication with the heating chamber;

[0018] an air cavity communicated with the fan chamber;

[0019] an exhaust chamber communicated with the wind cavity;

[0020] The air outlet of the heating chamber is connected to the air inlet of the fan chamber, the air outlet of the fan chamber is connected to the air inlet of the air cavity, and the air outlet of the air cavity is connected to the air inlet of the exhaust chamber;

[0021] The air outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the air inlet of the heating chamber of the first greenhouse; the air outlet of the exhaust chamber of the first greenhouse is connected to the air inlet of the heating chamber of the second greenhouse; the air outlet of the exhaust chamber of the second greenhouse is connected to the air inlet of the heating chamber of the third greenhouse; the air outlet of the exhaust chamber of the third greenhouse is connected to the air inlet of the heating chamber of the fourth greenhouse.

[0022] Optionally, the heating chamber comprises:

[0023] An air inlet disposed on the outer wall of the heating chamber;

[0024] A heating wire disposed inside the heating chamber;

[0025] A first temperature sensor is disposed inside the heating chamber.

[0026] Optionally, a high-temperature fan is fixedly installed in the fan chamber to provide power for the gas flow in the perovskite substrate heating system.

[0027] Optionally, the wind cavity includes:

[0028] A first mesh plate fixedly disposed at the first end of the air cavity;

[0029] A second mesh plate disposed corresponding to the first mesh plate and located at a second end of the air cavity;

[0030] The air inlet of the wind cavity is connected to the air outlet of the fan chamber, and the gas entering the wind cavity heats the perovskite substrate placed on the second mesh plate.

[0031] Optionally, the exhaust chamber comprises:

[0032] a second temperature sensor disposed inside the exhaust chamber;

[0033] An automatic valve disposed on the outer wall of the exhaust chamber;

[0034] Wherein, the air outlet of the exhaust chamber is connected to the adjacent air inlet through the automatic valve.

[0035] Optionally, the operating temperatures of the at least two greenhouses are different.

[0036] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a perovskite substrate heating control system, which is used to control the perovskite substrate heating system described in this solution, and the system includes:

[0037] Micro control unit;

[0038] A heating wire controller electrically connected to the micro control unit;

[0039] a temperature sensor electrically connected to the micro control unit;

[0040] Among them, the microcontroller controls the working state of the heating wire in the greenhouse in the system's perovskite substrate heating system through the heating wire controller according to the signal of the temperature sensor, so that the gas passes through the mesh plate in the greenhouse to heat the perovskite substrate. After heating, the gas passes through the air duct closed loop between the greenhouse, the heat exchanger, the condensation tank, and the liquid storage tank to heat the perovskite glass substrate again.

[0041] Optionally, the microcontroller unit adopts a proportional integral differential control method and uses the following formula to control the temperature:

[0042]

[0043] Wherein, μ(t) is the temperature adjusted by the microprocessor unit, e(t) is the difference between the preset temperature and the actual temperature, μ0 is the actual temperature of the greenhouse, K P is the proportional adjustment parameter, T I is the integral adjustment parameter, T D Tune parameters for differentiation.

[0044] The above technical solution of the present invention has at least the following technical effects:

[0045] The above-mentioned perovskite substrate heating system of the present invention comprises: at least two greenhouses, two adjacent greenhouses are fixedly connected, and the air ducts of the two adjacent greenhouses are connected; a heat exchanger connected to the at least two greenhouses through the air duct; a condensing tank connected to the heat exchanger; a liquid storage tank connected to the heat exchanger and the condensing tank; wherein the air ducts set between the at least two greenhouses, the heat exchanger, the condensing tank, and the liquid storage tank are connected in a closed loop; the gas heats the perovskite substrate after passing through the mesh plate in the greenhouse, and after heating, the gas passes through the air duct closed loop connection between the greenhouse, the heat exchanger, the condensing tank, and the liquid storage tank to heat the perovskite glass substrate again. It can achieve multi-temperature zone progressive heating, improve heating efficiency, energy utilization and processing quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a perovskite substrate heating system of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 is a front schematic diagram of a greenhouse of a perovskite substrate heating system of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 3 is a side schematic diagram of a greenhouse of a perovskite substrate heating system of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 4 is a gas flow schematic diagram of the perovskite substrate heating system of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of gas flow in a single greenhouse of the perovskite substrate heating system of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the energy-saving recovery circulation heating control system of the present invention.

[0052] Description of reference numerals:

[0053] 11-heating chamber; 111-air inlet; 112-heating wire; 113-first temperature sensor; 12-fan chamber; 121-high temperature fan; 13-wind cavity; 131-first mesh plate; 132-second mesh plate; 14-exhaust chamber; 141-second temperature sensor; 142-automatic valve; 21-first greenhouse; 22-second greenhouse; 23-third greenhouse; 24-fourth greenhouse; 3-insulation board; 4-liquid storage tank; 5-heat exchanger; 6-condensing tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] The exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided in order to enable a more thorough understanding of the present invention and to enable the scope of the present invention to be fully communicated to those skilled in the art.

[0055] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a perovskite substrate heating system, comprising:

[0056] At least two greenhouses, two adjacent greenhouses are fixedly connected, and the air ducts of the two adjacent greenhouses are connected;

[0057] A heat exchanger 5 connected to the at least two greenhouses via the air duct;

[0058] a condensation tank 6 connected to the heat exchanger 5;

[0059] A liquid storage tank 4 connected to the heat exchanger 5 and the condensation tank 6;

[0060] Among them, the air ducts set between the at least two greenhouses, the heat exchanger 5, the condensation tank 6, and the liquid storage tank 4 are connected in a closed loop; the gas heats the perovskite substrate after passing through the mesh plate in the greenhouse, and after heating, the gas passes through the air duct closed loop between the greenhouse, the heat exchanger 5, the condensation tank 6, and the liquid storage tank 4 to heat the perovskite glass substrate again.

[0061] In this embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the at least two greenhouses, the heat exchanger 5, the condensation tank 6, and the liquid storage tank 4 can be connected through a closed-loop air duct. The air duct in the perovskite substrate heating system adopts a Z-shaped circulation closed-loop method, so that the gas is pushed forward in the device in sequence, without the need to re-introduce cold air from the outside, which reduces energy consumption compared to traditional heating systems and ensures the cleanliness of the heated gas; the air duct pipelines between at least two greenhouses are all located inside the device, which greatly reduces the equipment volume, saves materials, and reduces the overall equipment cost compared to the traditional external pipeline system; the heat exchanger 5 realizes heat recovery of the external circulating gas, and the recovered gas will It passes through the heat exchanger 5 again and enters the interior of the heating device. Compared with traditional heating devices, it can not only reduce energy consumption but also recover part of the heat source; the condensation tank 6 realizes the condensation and recovery of chemical substances in the external circulation gas. The base glass sprayed with perovskite and other chemical substances will volatilize a certain concentration of chemical substances during the heating process. The hot air containing chemical substances will pass through the condensation tank 6 to recover the chemical solvent; the liquid storage tank 4 realizes the storage of condensed chemical substances; at least two greenhouses can heat the processing object, and an insulation board 3 is arranged between at least two greenhouses to prevent heat transfer between the greenhouses.

[0062] like Figure 2 As shown, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, the at least two greenhouses include: a first greenhouse 21, a second greenhouse 22, a third greenhouse 23 and a fourth greenhouse 24;

[0063] The air ducts of the first greenhouse 21, the second greenhouse 22, the third greenhouse 23 and the fourth greenhouse 24 are connected end to end to form a connected air duct;

[0064] The air outlet of the heat exchanger 5 is in communication with the air duct inlet of the first greenhouse 21;

[0065] The air inlet of the heat exchanger 5 is in communication with the air duct outlet of the fourth greenhouse 24 .

[0066] In this embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the perovskite substrate heating system includes: a first greenhouse 21, a second greenhouse 22, a third greenhouse 23, and a fourth greenhouse 24. The air duct inlet of the first greenhouse 21 is connected to the air outlet of the heat exchanger 5, the air duct outlet of the first greenhouse 21 is connected to the air duct inlet of the second greenhouse 22, the air duct outlet of the second greenhouse 22 is connected to the air duct inlet of the third greenhouse 23, the air duct outlet of the third greenhouse 23 is connected to the air duct inlet of the fourth greenhouse 24, the air duct outlet of the fourth greenhouse 24 is connected to the air inlet of the heat exchanger 5, and the first Greenhouse 21, the second greenhouse 22, the third greenhouse 23, and the fourth greenhouse 24 are arranged side by side, and the air ducts of the two connected greenhouses are connected end to end to form a continuous air duct. The automatic valve realizes the adjustment of the air intake between the two greenhouses to heat the perovskite glass substrate; the perovskite substrate heating system can be assembled and combined in multiple units to achieve multi-temperature zone coverage from normal temperature to high temperature and then from high temperature to normal temperature, thereby achieving continuous heating of the perovskite glass substrate from normal temperature to low temperature, low temperature to medium temperature, medium temperature to high temperature, high temperature to medium temperature, medium temperature to low temperature, and low temperature to normal temperature.

[0067] like Figure 2 As shown, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, the first greenhouse 21, the second greenhouse 22, the third greenhouse 23 and the fourth greenhouse 24 all include:

[0068] Heating chamber 11;

[0069] a fan chamber 12 communicated with the heating chamber 11;

[0070] an air chamber 13 communicated with the fan chamber 12;

[0071] an exhaust chamber 14 communicated with the air cavity 13;

[0072] The air outlet of the heating chamber 11 is communicated with the air inlet of the fan chamber 12, the air outlet of the fan chamber 12 is communicated with the air inlet of the air cavity 13, and the air outlet of the air cavity 13 is communicated with the air inlet of the exhaust chamber 14;

[0073] The air outlet of the heat exchanger 5 is communicated with the air inlet of the heating chamber 11 of the first greenhouse 21; the air outlet of the exhaust chamber 14 of the first greenhouse 21 is communicated with the air inlet of the heating chamber 11 of the second greenhouse 22; the air outlet of the exhaust chamber 14 of the second greenhouse 22 is communicated with the air inlet of the heating chamber 11 of the third greenhouse 23; the air outlet of the exhaust chamber 14 of the third greenhouse 23 is communicated with the air inlet of the heating chamber 11 of the fourth greenhouse 24.

[0074] In this embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, each greenhouse is sequentially provided with four chambers, namely, a heating chamber 11, a fan chamber 12, a wind cavity 13 and an exhaust chamber 14. Partitions are provided between the four chambers, which are connected through air ducts. The air outlet of the heating chamber 11 is connected with the air inlet of the fan chamber 12, the air outlet of the fan chamber 12 is connected with the air inlet of the wind cavity 13, and the air outlet of the wind cavity 13 is connected with the air inlet of the exhaust chamber 14, so that the gas passes through the four chambers in sequence when circulating, and each chamber forms a whole, which together constitutes a greenhouse; the air outlet of the heat exchanger 5 The air outlet of the exhaust chamber 14 of the first greenhouse 21 is connected to the air inlet of the heating chamber 11 of the second greenhouse 22; the air outlet of the exhaust chamber 14 of the second greenhouse 22 is connected to the air inlet of the heating chamber 11 of the third greenhouse 23; the air outlet of the exhaust chamber 14 of the third greenhouse 23 is connected to the air inlet of the heating chamber 11 of the fourth greenhouse 24. The four greenhouses combined together can provide a specific temperature heat source to heat and dry the materials to be processed.

[0075] like Figure 2 As shown, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, the heating chamber 11 includes:

[0076] An air inlet 111 disposed on the outer wall of the heating chamber 11;

[0077] A heating wire 112 disposed inside the heating chamber 11;

[0078] A first temperature sensor 113 is disposed inside the heating chamber 11 .

[0079] In this embodiment, Figure 2As shown, the outer wall of the heating chamber 11 is provided with an air inlet 111, and the gas enters the greenhouse and the heating chamber 11 through the air inlet 111. The surface of the air inlet 111 is an array mesh, which can make the incoming gas evenly distributed in the heating chamber 11; the heating wire 112 is installed in the heating chamber 11 by means of a threaded connection, and the heating wire 112 is connected to the control system of the device, and is heated to a preset temperature according to the signal of the control system, so as to heat the gas entering the heating chamber 11 through the air inlet 111; the first temperature sensor 113 is installed in the heating chamber 11 by means of a threaded connection, and the first temperature sensor 113 measures the temperature inside the heating chamber 11 and transmits the measured temperature value to the control system.

[0080] like Figure 2 As shown, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, a high-temperature fan 121 is fixedly installed in the fan chamber 12 to provide power for the gas flow in the perovskite substrate heating system.

[0081] In this embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the high temperature fan 121 is fixedly installed in the fan room 12, and each greenhouse is equipped with an independent high temperature fan to provide a power source for the gas flow, so that the gas flows and operates in the perovskite substrate heating system.

[0082] like Figure 3 As shown, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, the air cavity 13 includes:

[0083] A first mesh plate 131 fixedly disposed at a first end of the air cavity 13;

[0084] A second mesh plate 132 disposed corresponding to the first mesh plate 131 and located at a second end of the air cavity 13;

[0085] The air inlet of the wind cavity 13 is connected to the air outlet of the fan chamber 12 , and the gas entering the wind cavity 13 heats the perovskite substrate placed on the second mesh plate 132 .

[0086] In this embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, the first mesh plate 131 is arranged at the first end of the wind cavity 13, located at the outlet end of the high-temperature fan 121, to uniformize the hot air blown out of the outlet of the high-temperature fan 121, and the second mesh plate 132 is arranged at the second end of the wind cavity 13, parallel to the first mesh plate 131, and the second mesh plate 132 faces the material to be heated. The hot gas passes through the first mesh plate 131 and the second mesh plate 132 and acts on the surface of the perovskite glass substrate, so that the hot air blown out of the outlet of the high-temperature fan 121 is more uniform, and the heating of the perovskite substrate is more uniform.

[0087] like Figure 2 As shown, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, the exhaust chamber 14 includes:

[0088] A second temperature sensor 141 disposed inside the exhaust chamber 14;

[0089] An automatic valve 142 disposed on the outer wall of the exhaust chamber 14;

[0090] The air outlet of the exhaust chamber 14 is connected to the adjacent air inlet through the automatic valve 142 .

[0091] In this embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the second temperature sensor 141 is installed in the exhaust chamber 14 through a threaded connection. The second temperature sensor 141 measures the temperature inside the exhaust chamber 14 and transmits the measured temperature value to the control system; the automatic valve 142 is installed in the exhaust chamber 14 through a threaded connection, and the air outlet of the greenhouse can be adjusted by the valve.

[0092] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the operating temperatures of the at least two greenhouses are different.

[0093] In this embodiment, after the glass surface is sprayed with perovskite and other chemical solutions, glass cracks are likely to occur if the glass is heated or cooled rapidly. Figure 2 As shown, the first greenhouse 21, the second greenhouse 22, the third greenhouse 23, and the fourth greenhouse 24 are respectively set with different working temperatures, and a stepped (temperature difference 20°C-50°C) multi-temperature zone arrangement is adopted. The stepped temperature zone arrangement can improve product quality and reduce the risk of cracking.

[0094] When working, Figure 4As shown, the gas enters the first greenhouse 21 through the air inlet of the first greenhouse 21. Under the pulling force of the high-temperature fan of the first greenhouse 21, the gas passes through the mesh of the air inlet and evenly enters the heating chamber of the first greenhouse 21; after passing through the heating wire of the first greenhouse 21, it enters the high-temperature fan of the first greenhouse 21; the gas exits the fan room of the first greenhouse 21 and enters the wind cavity of the first greenhouse 21, then enters the exhaust chamber of the first greenhouse 21, and then enters the second greenhouse 22 through the automatic valve of the first greenhouse 21; under the pulling force of the high-temperature fan of the second greenhouse 22, the gas passes through the mesh of the air inlet of the second greenhouse 22 and evenly enters the heating chamber of the second greenhouse 22; after passing through the heating wire of the second greenhouse 22, it enters the high-temperature fan of the second greenhouse 22; after exiting the high-temperature fan of the second greenhouse 22, the gas enters the third greenhouse 23 through the automatic valve; in the third greenhouse 23 Under the pulling force of the high-temperature fan of the third greenhouse 23, the gas passes through the mesh of the air inlet of the third greenhouse 23 and evenly enters the heating chamber of the third greenhouse 23; after passing through the heating wire of the third greenhouse 23, it enters the high-temperature fan of the third greenhouse 23; after the gas exits the high-temperature fan of the third greenhouse 23, it enters the fourth greenhouse 24 through an automatic valve; under the pulling force of the high-temperature fan of the fourth greenhouse 24, the gas passes through the mesh of the air inlet of the fourth greenhouse 24 and evenly enters the heating chamber of the fourth greenhouse 24; after passing through the heating wire of the fourth greenhouse 24, it enters the high-temperature fan of the fourth greenhouse 24; after exiting the high-temperature fan, the gas enters the heat exchanger 5 through the automatic valve; under the pulling force of the high-temperature fan of the first greenhouse 21, the gas passes through the heat exchanger 5, the condensation tank 6, the liquid storage tank 4, the heat exchanger 5 in sequence and then enters the first greenhouse 21 again, forming a complete circulation channel.

[0095] like Figure 5 As shown, the flow path of the gas inside the greenhouse is the same. After being heated, the gas is driven by a high-temperature fan. Part of the gas enters the exhaust chamber and directly enters the energy-saving recycling circulation channel. Part of the gas passes through the mesh plate to heat the perovskite glass substrate. After heating, the gas passes through the heating wire again and enters the high-temperature fan to form a greenhouse internal gas cycle. In view of the above working process, the present invention takes the first greenhouse as an example to illustrate the principle of gas movement in a single greenhouse. The gas enters the heating chamber 11 through the air inlet, is heated by the heating wire 112, and under the gravitational force of the high-temperature fan 121, the heated gas enters the wind cavity 13 through the fan chamber 12; under the thrust of the high-temperature fan 121, part of the hot gas passes through the exhaust chamber 14 and enters the second greenhouse 22 through the automatic valve 142; part of the hot gas acts on the surface of the perovskite glass substrate through the first mesh plate 131 and the second mesh plate 132, and the rebounded heat flow enters the heating chamber 11 again under the pulling force of the high-temperature fan 121, forming a cycle; the corresponding first temperature sensor 113 and the second temperature sensor 141 and the heating wire 112 pass through the temperature control system to adaptively form a steady-state process to ensure the constant temperature inside the chamber.

[0096] like Figure 6As shown, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a perovskite substrate heating control system for controlling the perovskite substrate heating system described in the above scheme, and the system includes:

[0097] Micro control unit;

[0098] A heating wire controller electrically connected to the micro control unit;

[0099] a temperature sensor electrically connected to the micro control unit;

[0100] Among them, the microcontroller controls the working state of the heating wire in the greenhouse in the system's perovskite substrate heating system through the heating wire controller according to the signal of the temperature sensor, so that the gas passes through the mesh plate in the greenhouse to heat the perovskite substrate. After heating, the gas passes through the closed-loop air duct between the greenhouse, the heat exchanger 5, the condensation tank 6, and the liquid storage tank 4 to heat the perovskite glass substrate again.

[0101] In the embodiment of the present invention, Figure 6 As shown, in the control system of the perovskite substrate heating system, the heating wire controller controls the heating wire to work at a preset temperature state according to the instructions issued by the microcontroller, the temperature sensor monitors the actual temperature of the greenhouse of the perovskite substrate heating system, and transmits the actual temperature back to the microcontroller. The microcontroller sends an adjustment control instruction to the heating wire controller according to the difference between the actual temperature and the preset temperature, and adjusts the working state of the heating wire so that the difference between the actual temperature and the preset temperature is controlled within an acceptable range.

[0102] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the microcontroller unit adopts a proportional integral differential control method and uses the following formula to control the temperature:

[0103]

[0104] Wherein, μ(t) is the temperature adjusted by the microprocessor unit, e(t) is the difference between the preset temperature and the actual temperature, μ0 is the actual temperature of the greenhouse, KP is the proportional adjustment parameter, T I is the integral adjustment parameter, T D Adjust the parameters for differentiation.

[0105] In the embodiment of the present invention, Figure 6 As shown, the microcontroller unit adopts a proportional-integral-differential control method to control the temperature by combining proportional gain, integral gain and differential gain; specifically, the temperature adjustment formula is as follows:

[0106]

[0107] Wherein, μ(t) is the temperature adjusted by the microprocessor unit, e(t) is the difference between the preset temperature and the actual temperature, μ0 is the actual temperature of the greenhouse, KP is the proportional adjustment parameter, T I is the integral adjustment parameter, T D Adjust parameters for differentiation;

[0108] Proportional gain generates an output signal based on the current deviation (the difference between the set value and the actual value). Increasing the proportional gain will make the controller respond to the deviation more quickly, but it may also cause the system to overshoot or oscillate. The role of the proportional gain is to adjust the output according to the size of the deviation so that the system tends to the set value as quickly as possible.

[0109] The integral gain generates an output signal based on the accumulation of deviations (accumulation of deviations over time). The role of the integral gain is to eliminate the steady-state error of the system. Even in the presence of constant disturbances or parameter errors, the integral gain can be used to gradually reduce the deviation and bring the system to a stable state. However, too large an integral gain may cause overshoot or oscillation of the system.

[0110] The differential gain generates an output signal based on the rate of change of the deviation (the derivative of the deviation over time). The role of the differential gain is to predict the trend of the deviation change and adjust the output according to the trend. By properly increasing the differential gain, the stability of the system can be improved, and the overshoot and oscillation can be reduced. However, too large a differential gain may cause noise amplification or jitter.

[0111] The proportional gain is mainly used to quickly respond to deviations and improve the dynamic performance of the system; the integral gain is mainly used to eliminate steady-state errors and make the system reach a stable state; the differential gain is mainly used to improve the stability of the system and reduce overshoot and oscillation.

[0112] According to the characteristics of the controlled object and the control requirements, reasonably select and adjust the proportional gain, integral gain and differential gain to obtain the ideal control effect.

[0113] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A perovskite substrate heating system, characterized in that: include: At least two greenhouses, two adjacent greenhouses are fixedly connected, and the air ducts of the two adjacent greenhouses are connected; a heat exchanger (5) connected to the at least two greenhouses via the air duct; a condensation tank (6) in communication with the heat exchanger (5); a liquid storage tank (4) in communication with the heat exchanger (5) and the condensation tank (6); The at least two greenhouses, the heat exchanger (5), the condensation tank (6), and the liquid storage tank (4) are connected in a closed loop by air ducts; the gas passes through the mesh plate in the greenhouse to heat the perovskite substrate, and after heating, the gas passes through the closed loop of air ducts between the greenhouse, the heat exchanger (5), the condensation tank (6), and the liquid storage tank (4) to heat the perovskite glass substrate again.

2. The perovskite substrate heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The at least two greenhouses include: a first greenhouse (21), a second greenhouse (22), a third greenhouse (23) and a fourth greenhouse (24); The air ducts of the first greenhouse (21), the second greenhouse (22), the third greenhouse (23), and the fourth greenhouse (24) are connected end to end to form a connected air duct; The air outlet of the heat exchanger (5) is in communication with the air duct inlet of the first greenhouse (21); The air inlet of the heat exchanger (5) is in communication with the air duct outlet of the fourth greenhouse (24).

3. The perovskite substrate heating system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first greenhouse (21), the second greenhouse (22), the third greenhouse (23) and the fourth greenhouse (24) all include: Heating chamber (11); a fan chamber (12) communicated with the heating chamber (11); an air chamber (13) in communication with the fan chamber (12); an exhaust chamber (14) communicated with the air cavity (13); The air outlet of the heating chamber (11) is connected to the air inlet of the fan chamber (12), the air outlet of the fan chamber (12) is connected to the air inlet of the wind cavity (13), and the air outlet of the wind cavity (13) is connected to the air inlet of the exhaust chamber (14); The air outlet of the heat exchanger (5) is in communication with the air inlet of the heating chamber (11) of the first greenhouse (21); the air outlet of the exhaust chamber (14) of the first greenhouse (21) is in communication with the air inlet of the heating chamber (11) of the second greenhouse (22); the air outlet of the exhaust chamber (14) of the second greenhouse (22) is in communication with the air inlet of the heating chamber (11) of the third greenhouse (23); and the air outlet of the exhaust chamber (14) of the third greenhouse (23) is in communication with the air inlet of the heating chamber (11) of the fourth greenhouse (24).

4. The perovskite substrate heating system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heating chamber (11) comprises: an air inlet (111) disposed on the outer wall of the heating chamber (11); A heating wire (112) disposed inside the heating chamber (11); A first temperature sensor (113) is arranged inside the heating chamber (11).

5. The perovskite substrate heating system according to claim 4, characterized in that: A high-temperature fan (121) is fixedly arranged in the fan chamber (12) and is used to provide power for the flow of gas in the perovskite substrate heating system.

6. The perovskite substrate heating system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The wind cavity (13) comprises: A first mesh plate (131) fixedly arranged at a first end of the air cavity (13); A second mesh plate (132) arranged corresponding to the first mesh plate (131) and located at the second end of the air cavity (13); The air inlet of the wind cavity (13) is connected to the air outlet of the fan chamber (12), and the gas entering the wind cavity (13) heats the perovskite substrate placed on the second mesh plate (132).

7. The perovskite substrate heating system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The exhaust chamber (14) comprises: a second temperature sensor (141) disposed inside the exhaust chamber (14); An automatic valve (142) disposed on the outer wall of the exhaust chamber (14); Wherein, the air outlet of the exhaust chamber (14) is connected to the adjacent air inlet through the automatic valve (142).

8. The perovskite substrate heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The at least two greenhouses have different operating temperatures.

9. A perovskite substrate heating control system, characterized in that: Used to control the perovskite substrate heating system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the system comprising: Micro control unit; A heating wire controller electrically connected to the micro control unit; a temperature sensor electrically connected to the micro control unit; The microcontroller controls the working state of the heating wire in the greenhouse in the system's perovskite substrate heating system through a heating wire controller according to the signal of the temperature sensor, so that the gas passes through the mesh plate in the greenhouse to heat the perovskite substrate. After heating, the gas passes through the air duct closed loop between the greenhouse, the heat exchanger (5), the condensation tank (6), and the liquid storage tank (4) to heat the perovskite glass substrate again.

10. The perovskite substrate heating control system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The microcontroller unit adopts proportional integral differential control mode and uses the following formula to control the temperature: Wherein, μ(t) is the temperature adjusted by the microprocessor unit, e(t) is the difference between the preset temperature and the actual temperature, μ0 is the actual temperature of the greenhouse, K P is the proportional adjustment parameter, T I is the integral adjustment parameter, T D Tune parameters for differentiation.

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