Mixer for exhaust aftertreatment system

Abstract

A mixer for an exhaust aftertreatment system includes a mixer body positioned such that an injection axis of an injector of a dosing module extends into the mixer body. The mixer body receives exhaust gas and a treatment fluid. The mixer also includes a plurality of apertures extending through the mixer body. Each of the apertures facilitates flow of exhaust gas and treatment fluid through the mixer body. The mixer further comprises a plurality of blades. Each of the blades is coupled to the mixer body along a portion of one of the apertures. Each of the vanes extends radially outward from the mixer body. The mixer also includes a first end. The first end includes a plurality of tabs and a plurality of edge slots. Each of the edge slots is positioned between two of the tabs.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This application claims the benefit and priority of Indian Provisional Patent Application No. 202241045394 filed on August 9, 2022, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Technical Field

[0002] The present disclosure generally relates to mixers for exhaust aftertreatment systems of internal combustion engines. background

[0003] The exhaust gas from internal combustion engines such as diesel engines contains nitrogen oxides (NO x ) compounds. For example, it is desirable to reduce NO x To reduce NO emissions and comply with environmental regulations. x Emissions, the treatment fluid can be distributed to the exhaust through the distributor assembly within the aftertreatment system. The treatment fluid helps convert a portion of the exhaust into non-NO x emissions, such as nitrogen (N2), carbon dioxide (CO2), and water (H2O), thereby reducing NO x Emissions. These aftertreatment systems may include a mixer to facilitate mixing of the treatment fluid and the exhaust gas. Overview

[0004] In one embodiment, a mixer for an exhaust aftertreatment system includes a mixer body positioned so that an injection axis of an injector of a dosing module extends into the mixer body. The mixer body receives exhaust gas and a treatment fluid. The mixer also includes a plurality of orifices extending through the mixer body. Each of the orifices facilitates the flow of exhaust gas and treatment fluid through the mixer body. The mixer also includes a plurality of blades. Each of the blades is coupled to the mixer body along a portion of one of the orifices. Each of the blades extends radially outward from the mixer body. The mixer also includes a first end. The first end includes a plurality of tabs and a plurality of edge slots. Each of the edge slots is located between two of the tabs.

[0005] In another embodiment, a mixer for an exhaust aftertreatment system includes a mixer body centered on a mixer axis and positioned so that an injection axis of an injector of a dosing module extends into the mixer body. The mixer body receives exhaust gas and a treatment fluid. The mixer also includes a plurality of orifices extending through the mixer body. Each of the orifices is placed on the mixer body at an aperture angle relative to a reference axis parallel to the mixer axis. The aperture angle is between 5 degrees and 30 degrees. Each of the orifices facilitates exhaust gas flow through the mixer body. Each of the orifices includes a first edge and a second edge perpendicular to the first edge and adjacent to the first edge. The mixer also includes a plurality of blades. Each of the blades is coupled to the mixer body along a portion of one of the orifices. Each of the blades extends radially inward from the mixer body. The reference axis extends through: (i) an intersection between a first edge and a second edge of one of the orifices, and (ii) an intersection between a first edge and a second edge of another of the orifices. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0006] The present disclosure will be more fully understood from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals refer to like elements unless otherwise indicated, and in which: Figure 1 is a schematic block diagram of an example exhaust aftertreatment system; Figure 2 is a perspective view of another example exhaust aftertreatment system; Figure 3 is a perspective view of yet another example exhaust aftertreatment system; Figure 4 is a front view of yet another example exhaust aftertreatment system including a doser assembly; Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of an exhaust aftertreatment system; Figure 6 and 7 It is various perspectives of the mixer; Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of another mixer coupled to a panel within an exhaust aftertreatment system; Fig. 9 is a perspective view of yet another mixer; Fig.10 is a perspective view of yet another mixer; Fig.11 is a cross-sectional view of another mixer in the exhaust aftertreatment system; Fig.12 is a perspective view of yet another mixer; Fig.13 is a perspective view of yet another mixer; Fig.14 yes Fig.13 A rear view of the mixer; Fig.15 It is in the exhaust aftertreatment system Fig.13 and Fig.14 A cross-sectional view of a mixer; Fig.16 yes Fig.15 A view of detail A in FIG. Fig.17 is a front view of yet another mixer; Fig.18 is along Fig.17 The line 18-18 in Fig.17 A cross-sectional view of a mixer; Fig.19A and Fig.19B yes Fig.17 and Fig.18 a side view of a portion of a mixer; Fig. 20A and Fig. 20B yes Fig.17 and Fig.18 A side view of another portion of the mixer; Fig.21 is a front view of yet another mixer; Fig. 22 yes Fig.21 A side view of a mixer; Fig.23 and Fig.24 is a perspective view of yet another example exhaust aftertreatment system; Fig.25 yes Fig.23 and Fig.24 A side view of an exhaust aftertreatment system; Fig.26 yes Fig.23 and Fig.24 A top view of an exhaust aftertreatment system; Fig. 27 yes Fig.23 and Fig.24 Rear view of the exhaust aftertreatment system; Fig.28 and Fig.29 is along Fig.24 The plane 28-28 in the Fig.23 and Fig.24 A cross-sectional view of an exhaust aftertreatment system; Fig.30 is a front view of yet another mixer; Fig.31 yes Fig.30 A left side view of the mixer; Fig.32 is a perspective view of yet another mixer; Fig.33 is along Fig.32 The plane 33-33 in the Fig.32 A cross-sectional view of a mixer of FIG. 1 , wherein the mixer includes conduit couplings; Fig.34 yes Fig.33 A left side view of the mixer; Fig.35 yes Fig.32 A right side view of the mixer; Fig.36 yes Fig.32 and Fig.35 A front view of a mixer; Fig.37 yes Fig.32 and Fig.35 A left side view of the mixer; Fig.38 is along Fig.35 The plane 38-38 is intercepted Fig.32 and Fig.35 A cross-sectional view of a mixer; Fig.39 It is used to form Fig.32 and Fig.35 A view of a flat blank of a mixer; Fig.40 yes Fig.39 a view of detail B in FIG. 1 ; and Fig.41 yes Fig.39 Detail view of C.

[0007] It should be appreciated that for purposes of illustration, the drawings are schematic representations. The drawings are provided for the purpose of illustrating one or more embodiments, with the express understanding that they will not be used to limit the scope or meaning of the claims. Detailed Description

[0008] The following is a more detailed description of various concepts and embodiments related to methods, devices, and embodiments of providing a mixer for an exhaust aftertreatment system of an internal combustion engine. The various concepts introduced above and discussed in more detail below can be implemented in any of a variety of ways, as the concepts described are not limited to any particular embodiment. Examples of specific embodiments and applications are provided primarily for illustrative purposes. I. Overview

[0009] An internal combustion engine (e.g., a diesel internal combustion engine, etc.) produces exhaust gas, which is typically treated by a distributor assembly within an exhaust aftertreatment system. The distributor assembly typically treats the exhaust gas using a treatment fluid (e.g., a reductant, hydrocarbons, etc.) released from the distributor assembly by an injector of the distributor. The treatment fluid (e.g., the reductant) may be adsorbed by a catalyst member. The treatment fluid adsorbed in the catalyst member is used to reduce NO in the exhaust gas. x Treatment fluids (such as hydrocarbons) can increase the temperature of the exhaust gas to reduce NO in the exhaust gas. x The dispenser assembly is mounted on a component of the exhaust aftertreatment system. For example, the dispenser assembly may be mounted on a decomposition reactor, an exhaust duct, a panel, or other similar component of the exhaust aftertreatment system.

[0010] Mixing the exhaust gas with the treatment fluid improves the NO x reduction. The device can be used to promote mixing between the exhaust gas and the treatment fluid through turbulent flow (e.g., turbulence, etc.). Turbulence in the form of vortices (e.g., eddies, etc.) improves the mixing characteristics of the fluid. For example, the vortex of the exhaust gas causes dispersion of the treatment fluid within the exhaust gas, thereby improving the mixing between the exhaust gas and the treatment fluid. However, the device in the flow path of the treatment fluid may tend to collect (e.g., accumulate, etc.) deposits of the treatment fluid. These deposits may reduce the mixing efficiency of the device and the flow rate of the exhaust gas and / or the treatment fluid within the conduit in which the device is located or to which the fluid is connected.

[0011] Embodiments herein relate to an exhaust aftertreatment system comprising a panel and a mixer coupled to the inner side of the panel. The mixer comprises a mixer body configured to receive exhaust gas and a treatment fluid. The mixer also comprises a plurality of orifices extending through the mixer body. These orifices promote the flow of exhaust gas and treatment fluid through the mixer body. The mixer also comprises a plurality of blades. The blades are coupled to the mixer body along a portion of the orifices and extend radially outward from the mixer body. The blades swirl the exhaust gas and disperse the treatment fluid in the exhaust gas. The mixer may also comprise a first end having a plurality of fins coupled to the inner side of the panel. The mixer may also comprise a plurality of edge grooves, wherein the edge grooves are positioned between two of the fins. The edge grooves promote the flow of exhaust gas between the mixer and the inner side of the panel, so as to prevent or minimize the deposits of the treatment fluid from collecting on the mixer via the exhaust gas. The deposits of the treatment fluid are most likely to collect near the injector of the dosing module. In these embodiments, the injector is coupled to the outer side of the panel so that the first end of the mixer is the component of the mixer closest to the injector.

[0012] Embodiments herein also relate to an exhaust aftertreatment system, which includes a decomposition chamber, a panel forming a wall upstream of the decomposition chamber, and a mixer coupled to the inner side of the panel. The decomposition chamber is configured to receive exhaust gas and a treatment fluid and convert the treatment fluid into ammonia. The mixer includes a mixer body, which is configured to receive exhaust gas and a treatment fluid. The mixer also includes a plurality of orifices extending through the mixer body. The orifices promote the flow of exhaust gas and treatment fluid through the mixer body. The mixer also includes a plurality of blades. The blades are coupled to the mixer body along a portion of the orifices and extend radially inward from the mixer body. The blades swirl the exhaust gas and disperse the treatment fluid in the exhaust gas. Extending the blades radially inward from the mixer body reduces the number of impact surfaces that contact the exhaust gas when the exhaust gas enters the mixer body, which results in less deposits formed on the mixer. The mixer body can be combined with the decomposition chamber so that the mixer body serves as a decomposition chamber. This results in a reduced pressure drop in the decomposition chamber, thereby helping the mixer to effectively disperse the treatment fluid in the exhaust gas downstream of the mixer. The exhaust aftertreatment system can also include an additional mixing volume downstream of the mixer. The additional mixing volume provides additional time for the exhaust and treatment fluid to mix via space (eg, volume), thereby resulting in better mixing of the exhaust fluid and the treatment fluid. II. Overview of exhaust aftertreatment system

[0013] Figure 1 An exhaust aftertreatment system 100 is depicted having an example treatment fluid delivery system 102 for an exhaust conduit system 104. The exhaust aftertreatment system 100 includes the treatment fluid delivery system 102, a particulate filter 106 (e.g., a diesel particulate filter (DPF)), a decomposition chamber 108 (e.g., a reactor, a reactor tube, a conduit, etc.), and a catalyst component 110 (e.g., an SCR catalyst component, etc.).

[0014] The particulate filter 106 is configured (e.g., constructed to, capable of, etc.) to remove particulate matter, such as soot, from the exhaust gas flowing in the exhaust duct system 104. The particulate filter 106 includes an inlet at which the exhaust gas is received and an outlet at which the exhaust gas exits after substantially filtering the particulate matter from the exhaust gas and / or converting the particulate matter into carbon dioxide. In some embodiments, the particulate filter 106 may be omitted.

[0015] The decomposition chamber 108 is configured to receive exhaust gas from the particulate filter 106 and a treatment fluid from the treatment fluid delivery system 102. The treatment fluid may be, for example, a reductant (e.g., urea, diesel exhaust fluid (DEF), Adblue®, urea water solution (UWS), aqueous urea solution (e.g., AUS32, etc.), and / or other similar fluids) or a hydrocarbon (e.g., fuel, oil, additives, etc.). When the reductant is introduced into the exhaust gas, it may help reduce undesirable components (e.g., NO x When hydrocarbons are introduced into the exhaust, the temperature of the exhaust may increase (e.g., to promote regeneration of components of the exhaust aftertreatment system 100, etc.). For example, the exhaust aftertreatment system 100 may include a spark plug 109 (e.g., an igniter, etc.) configured to increase the temperature of the exhaust by burning hydrocarbons in the exhaust. The decomposition chamber 108 includes an inlet and an outlet, and the inlet of the decomposition chamber 108 is in fluid communication with the particulate filter 106 to receive the NO x The outlet of the decomposition chamber 108 is used for exhaust, NO x The exhaust, ammonia, and / or process fluid flows to the catalyst member 110. In some embodiments, as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the decomposition chamber 108 is centered about a chamber axis 111 .

[0016] The treatment fluid delivery system 102 includes a dispenser assembly 112 (e.g., a dispenser module, etc.) configured to dispense the treatment fluid into the decomposition chamber 108 (e.g., via an injector). The dispenser assembly 112 is mounted to the decomposition chamber 108 so that the dispenser assembly 112 can dispense the treatment fluid into the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust duct system 104. The dispenser assembly 112 can include an insulator (e.g., a vibration insulator, a thermal insulator, etc.) interposed between a portion of the dispenser assembly 112 and a portion of the decomposition chamber 108 on which the dispenser assembly 112 is mounted. The insulator can reduce the transfer of vibration and / or heat from the decomposition chamber 108 to the dispenser assembly 112.

[0017] The dispenser assembly 112 is fluidly coupled to a treatment fluid source 114 (e.g., fluidly configured to communicate with the treatment fluid source 114, etc.). The treatment fluid source 114 may include a plurality of treatment fluid sources 114. The treatment fluid source 114 may be, for example, a diesel exhaust fluid tank containing Adblue®. A treatment fluid pump 116 (e.g., a supply unit, etc.) is used to pressurize the treatment fluid from the treatment fluid source 114 for delivery to the dispenser assembly 112. In some embodiments, the treatment fluid pump 116 is pressure controlled (e.g., controlled to obtain a target pressure, etc.). The treatment fluid pump 116 includes a treatment fluid filter 118. The treatment fluid filter 118 filters (e.g., strains, etc.) the treatment fluid before providing the treatment fluid to the internal components (e.g., pistons, blades, etc.) of the treatment fluid. For example, the treatment fluid filter 118 may inhibit or prevent solids (e.g., solidified treatment fluid, contaminants, etc.) from being transmitted to the internal components of the treatment fluid pump 116. In this manner, the treatment fluid filter 118 may facilitate extended desired operation of the treatment fluid pump 116. In some embodiments, the treatment fluid pump 116 is coupled (eg, fastened, attached, attached, welded, etc.) to a chassis of a vehicle associated with the exhaust aftertreatment system 100.

[0018] The distributor assembly 112 includes at least one injector 120. Each injector 120 is configured to distribute the treatment fluid into the exhaust gas along an injection axis 119 (e.g., within the decomposition chamber 108, etc.). The exhaust aftertreatment system 100 includes a mixer 121 (e.g., a vortex generating device, a blade plate, an inlet plate, a deflection plate, etc.). At least a portion of the mixer 121 can be located within the decomposition chamber 108. However, at least a portion of the mixer 121 can also be located in a conduit of the exhaust conduit system 104 (e.g., a conduit upstream of the decomposition chamber 108, etc.). The mixer 121 is configured to receive the exhaust gas from the decomposition chamber 108 and the treatment fluid from the injector 120, so that the injection axis 119 extends into the mixer 121. The mixer 121 is also configured to promote mixing of the exhaust gas and the treatment fluid. The mixer 121 is configured to promote swirling (e.g., tumbling, rotation, etc.) of the exhaust gas and mixing (e.g., combining, etc.) of the exhaust gas and the treatment fluid so as to disperse the treatment fluid within the exhaust gas downstream of the mixer 121. By dispersing the treatment fluid within the exhaust gas using the mixer 121 (e.g., to obtain an increased uniformity index, etc.), the reduction of emissions of undesirable components in the exhaust gas is enhanced or the temperature of the exhaust gas may be increased.

[0019] When the injection axis 119 extends into the mixer 121, the injection axis 119 may extend into the mixer 121 at an angle relative to the central axis of the mixer 121. For example, in some embodiments, the injection axis 119 may coincide with the central axis of the mixer 121. In other embodiments, the injection axis 119 may be perpendicular to the central axis of the mixer 121. In yet another embodiment, the injection axis 119 may be parallel to the central axis of the mixer 121.

[0020] In some embodiments, the ejector 120 is not directly coupled to the mixer 121. In these embodiments, the ejector 120 and the mixer 121 can each be coupled to the same component (e.g., a panel, a chamber, etc.). In other embodiments, the ejector 120 is directly coupled to the mixer 121. In these embodiments, the ejector 120 and the mixer 121 can also each be coupled to the same component. In some embodiments, the ejector 120 is not disposed within the mixer 121. In other embodiments, the ejector 120 can be at least partially disposed within the mixer 121.

[0021] In some embodiments, the treatment fluid delivery system 102 further includes an air pump 122. In these embodiments, the air pump 122 draws air from an air source 124 (e.g., an air intake, etc.) and passes the air through an air filter 126 disposed upstream of the air pump 122. In addition, the air pump 122 provides air to the dispenser assembly 112 via a conduit. In these embodiments, the dispenser assembly 112 is configured to mix the air and the treatment fluid into an air-treatment fluid mixture and provide the air-treatment fluid mixture to the decomposition chamber 108. In other embodiments, the treatment fluid delivery system 102 does not include the air pump 122 or the air source 124. In such embodiments, the dispenser assembly 112 is not configured to mix the treatment fluid with air.

[0022] The spark plug 109, the dispenser assembly 112, and the treatment fluid pump 116 are also electrically connected or communicatively coupled to the treatment fluid delivery system controller 128. The treatment fluid delivery system controller 128 can control the spark plug 109 to ignite the treatment fluid in the decomposition chamber 108. The treatment fluid delivery system controller 128 controls the dispenser assembly 112 to dispense the treatment fluid into the decomposition chamber 108. The treatment fluid delivery system controller 128 can also control the treatment fluid pump 116.

[0023] The processing fluid delivery system controller 128 includes a processing circuit 130. The processing circuit 130 includes a processor 132 and a memory 134. The processor 132 may include a microprocessor, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc. or a combination thereof. The memory 134 may include, but is not limited to, an electronic, optical, magnetic or any other storage device or transmission device capable of providing program instructions to the processor, ASIC, FPGA, etc. The memory 134 may include a memory chip, an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), a flash memory or any other suitable memory from which the reductant delivery system controller 128 can read instructions. The instructions may include code from any suitable programming language. The memory 134 may include a variety of modules that include instructions configured to be implemented by the processor 132.

[0024] In various embodiments, the treatment fluid delivery system controller 128 is configured to communicate with a central controller 136 (e.g., an engine control unit (ECU), an engine control module (ECM), etc.) of an internal combustion engine having the exhaust aftertreatment system 100. In some embodiments, the central controller 136 and the treatment fluid delivery system controller 128 are integrated into a single controller.

[0025] In some embodiments, the central controller 136 may communicate with a display device (e.g., a screen, a monitor, a touch screen, a heads up display (HUD), an indicator light, etc.). The display device may be configured to change state in response to receiving information from the central controller 136. For example, the display device may be configured to change between a static state (e.g., displaying a green light, displaying a "system OK" message, etc.) and an alarm state (e.g., displaying a flashing red light, displaying a "maintenance required" message, etc.) based on communications from the central controller 136. By changing state, the display device may provide an indication to a user (e.g., an operator, etc.) of the state (e.g., operating, maintenance required, etc.) of the process fluid delivery system 102.

[0026] The decomposition chamber 108 is located upstream of the catalyst member 110. As a result, the treatment fluid is injected upstream of the catalyst member 110 so that the catalyst member 110 receives a mixture of the treatment fluid and the exhaust gas. The treatment droplets undergo evaporation, pyrolysis, and hydrolysis processes within the exhaust duct system 104 to form non-NO x Emissions (e.g., gaseous ammonia, etc.).

[0027] The catalyst component 110 includes an inlet in fluid communication with the decomposition chamber 108 , exhaust gas and treatment fluid are received from the inlet of the catalyst component 110 , and an outlet in fluid communication with one end of the exhaust conduit system 104 .

[0028] The exhaust aftertreatment system 100 may further include an oxidation catalyst component (eg, a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC)) in fluid communication with the exhaust conduit system 104 (eg, downstream of the catalyst component 110 or upstream of the particulate filter 106 ) to oxidize hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide in the exhaust gas.

[0029] In some embodiments, the particulate filter 106 may be positioned downstream of the decomposition chamber 108. For example, the particulate filter 106 and the catalyst member 110 may be combined into a single unit. In some embodiments, the doser assembly 112 may alternatively be positioned downstream of the turbocharger or upstream of the turbocharger.

[0030] The exhaust aftertreatment system 100 also includes a distributor mounting bracket 138 (e.g., a mounting bracket, a coupler, a plate, etc.). The distributor mounting bracket 138 couples the distributor assembly 112 to components of the exhaust aftertreatment system 100. The distributor mounting bracket 138 is configured to reduce heat transfer from the exhaust gas passing through the exhaust duct system 104 to the distributor assembly 112. In this way, the distributor assembly 112 can operate more efficiently and more optimally than other distributor assemblies that cannot reduce heat transfer. In addition, the distributor mounting bracket 138 is configured to facilitate reliable installation of the distributor assembly 112. This can reduce manufacturing costs associated with the exhaust aftertreatment system 100 and ensure repeated desired installations of the distributor assembly 112.

[0031] In various embodiments, the dispenser mounting bracket 138 couples the dispenser assembly 112 to the decomposition chamber 108. In some embodiments, the dispenser mounting bracket 138 couples the dispenser assembly 112 to an exhaust duct of the exhaust duct system 104. For example, the dispenser mounting bracket 138 may couple the dispenser assembly 112 to an exhaust duct of the exhaust duct system 104 located upstream of the decomposition chamber 108, or to an exhaust duct of the exhaust duct system 104 located downstream of the decomposition chamber 108. In some embodiments, the dispenser mounting bracket 138 couples the dispenser assembly 112 to the particulate filter 106 and / or the catalyst member 110. The location of the dispenser mounting bracket 138 may vary depending on the application of the exhaust aftertreatment system 100. For example, in some exhaust aftertreatment systems 100, the dispenser mounting bracket 138 may be located at a location more upstream than in other exhaust aftertreatment systems 100. In addition, some exhaust aftertreatment systems 100 may include multiple dispenser assemblies 112, and therefore may include multiple dispenser mounting brackets 138.

[0032] Figure 2-Figure 5 Various embodiments of the exhaust aftertreatment system 100 are shown, wherein the flow direction of the exhaust gas is shown by the dashed lines. In these embodiments, the exhaust aftertreatment system 100 also includes a panel 140 (e.g., an end cap, etc.). The panel 140 forms a wall located upstream of the decomposition chamber 108 and downstream of the particulate filter 106. The dispenser mounting bracket 138 is coupled to the panel 140. The panel 140 can be coupled to the decomposition chamber 108. In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 In those embodiments shown, the panel 140 is positioned so that the chamber axis 111 extends through the panel 140. The panel 140 includes an inner side 141 (e.g., an interior surface, an inner side surface, etc.) facing the decomposition chamber 108. The panel 140 also includes an outer side 142 (e.g., an outer surface, an outer side surface, etc.) opposite the inner side 141. The outer side 142 faces the dispenser mounting bracket 138. The dispenser assembly 112 is coupled to the outer side 142 via the dispenser mounting bracket 138. Since the dispenser assembly 112 is coupled to the outer side 142, the injector 120 is configured to provide the treatment fluid into the decomposition chamber 108 through the panel 140. The panel 140 may include an injector orifice 139 configured to receive the injector 120 when the dispenser assembly 112 is coupled to the outer side 142 of the panel 140.

[0033] Figure 2An embodiment of an exhaust aftertreatment system 100 is shown. In this embodiment, the exhaust aftertreatment system 100 includes an inlet exhaust conduit 143 (e.g., a chamber, a tube, etc.) that is fluidly coupled to an internal combustion engine and configured to receive exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine. The exhaust aftertreatment system 100 also includes an oxidation catalyst component 144 that is disposed downstream of the inlet exhaust conduit 143 and configured to receive exhaust gas from the inlet exhaust conduit 143. The exhaust aftertreatment system 100 also includes a first conversion catalyst component (e.g., a catalyst component 110) that is disposed downstream of the oxidation catalyst component 144 and configured to receive exhaust gas from the oxidation catalyst component 144. The exhaust aftertreatment system 100 also includes an exhaust filter component (e.g., a particulate filter 106) that is disposed downstream of the first conversion catalyst component and configured to receive exhaust gas from the first conversion catalyst component. The exhaust aftertreatment system 100 also includes a decomposition chamber 108 that is disposed downstream of the exhaust filter component and configured to receive exhaust gas from the exhaust filter component. The exhaust aftertreatment system 100 further includes a panel 140, and the distributor assembly 112 is coupled to the panel 140. The injector 120 of the distributor assembly 112 is configured to inject the treatment fluid through the panel 140 and into the decomposition chamber 108.

[0034] exist Figure 2In the illustrated embodiment, the exhaust aftertreatment system 100 further includes a first exhaust gas separation conduit 146 (e.g., chamber, tube, etc.) and a second exhaust gas separation conduit 148 (e.g., chamber, tube, etc.). The first exhaust gas separation conduit 146 and the second exhaust gas separation conduit 148 are both downstream of the decomposition chamber 108 and are configured to receive exhaust gas from the decomposition chamber 108, wherein the exhaust gas from the decomposition chamber 108 is approximately evenly (e.g., evenly, within 5% of each other, etc.) split (e.g., divided, spread, etc.) between the first exhaust gas separation conduit 146 and the second exhaust gas separation conduit 148. The exhaust aftertreatment system 100 includes a second conversion catalyst member (e.g., catalyst member 110) coupled to the first exhaust gas separation conduit 146 and configured to receive exhaust gas from the decomposition chamber 108 through the first exhaust gas separation conduit 146. The exhaust aftertreatment system 100 includes a third conversion catalyst member (e.g., catalyst member 110) coupled to the second exhaust partition conduit 148 and configured to receive exhaust gas from the decomposition chamber 108 through the second exhaust partition conduit 148. The exhaust aftertreatment system 100 also includes an outlet exhaust conduit 150 disposed downstream of the first exhaust partition conduit 146 and the second exhaust partition conduit 148 and configured to receive exhaust gas from the first exhaust partition conduit 146 and the second exhaust partition conduit 148.

[0035] Figure 3 Another embodiment of an exhaust aftertreatment system 100 is shown. In this embodiment, the exhaust aftertreatment system 100 includes an intake chamber 152 (e.g., a line, a tube, etc.). The intake chamber 152 is configured to receive exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine. The exhaust aftertreatment system 100 also includes an upstream catalyst component (e.g., catalyst component 110). The upstream catalyst component is disposed downstream of the intake chamber 152. The upstream catalyst component is configured to receive exhaust gas from the intake chamber 152. The exhaust aftertreatment system 100 may include a hydrocarbon decomposition chamber 154 (e.g., a reactor, a reactor tube, a conduit, etc.), which is located downstream of the upstream catalyst component and is configured to receive exhaust gas from the upstream catalyst component and process (e.g., distribute, etc.) the exhaust gas containing hydrocarbons via a hydrocarbon dosing module. The exhaust aftertreatment system 100 also includes a first oxidation catalyst component 156 disposed downstream of the hydrocarbon decomposition chamber 154. The first oxidation catalyst component 156 is configured to receive exhaust gas from the hydrocarbon decomposition chamber 154.

[0036] exist Figure 3In the illustrated embodiment, the exhaust aftertreatment system 100 also includes an upstream particulate filter (e.g., particulate filter 106) disposed downstream of the first oxidation catalyst component 156. The upstream particulate filter is configured to receive exhaust gas from the first oxidation catalyst component 156. The exhaust aftertreatment system 100 also includes a decomposition chamber 108 disposed downstream of the upstream particulate filter. The decomposition chamber 108 is configured to receive exhaust gas from the upstream particulate filter. The exhaust aftertreatment system 100 also includes a panel 140 and a distributor assembly 112 coupled to the panel 140. The injector 120 of the distributor assembly 112 is configured to inject the treatment fluid through the panel 140 and into the decomposition chamber 108. The exhaust aftertreatment system 100 also includes a first downstream catalyst component (e.g., catalyst component 110), which is disposed downstream of the decomposition chamber 108 and is configured to receive exhaust gas from the decomposition chamber 108. The exhaust aftertreatment system 100 also includes a second downstream catalyst component (e.g., catalyst component 110) disposed downstream of the first downstream catalyst component and configured to receive exhaust gas from the first downstream catalyst component. The exhaust aftertreatment system 100 also includes an outlet chamber 158 (e.g., a line, a tube, a conduit, etc.) disposed downstream of the second downstream catalyst component and configured to receive exhaust gas from the second downstream catalyst component.

[0037] Figure 4 and Figure 5Yet another embodiment of an exhaust aftertreatment system 100 is shown. In this embodiment, the exhaust aftertreatment system 100 includes a first aftertreatment leg 160 (e.g., a conduit, a chamber, etc.) and an inlet conduit 162 (e.g., a pipeline, a tube, a conduit, etc.) fluidly coupled to the first aftertreatment leg 160. The first aftertreatment leg 160 is configured to receive exhaust gas via the inlet conduit 162. The first aftertreatment leg 160 includes an oxidation catalyst member 164 configured to oxidize hydrocarbons in the exhaust gas. The exhaust aftertreatment system 100 also includes a second aftertreatment leg 166 (e.g., a conduit, a chamber, etc.) fluidly coupled to the first aftertreatment leg 160. The second aftertreatment leg 166 is configured to receive exhaust gas from the oxidation catalyst member 164 of the first aftertreatment leg 160. The second aftertreatment leg 166 includes a particulate filter 106. The exhaust aftertreatment system 100 includes a decomposition chamber 108. The decomposition chamber 108 is fluidly coupled to the second aftertreatment branch 166 and is configured to receive exhaust gas from the particulate filter 106 of the second aftertreatment branch 166. The exhaust aftertreatment system 100 also includes a panel 140 and a distributor assembly 112 coupled to the panel 140. The injector 120 of the distributor assembly 112 is configured to inject the treatment fluid through the panel 140 and into the decomposition chamber 108. The exhaust aftertreatment system 100 also includes a third aftertreatment branch 168 (e.g., a conduit, a chamber, etc.) fluidly coupled to the decomposition chamber 108. The third aftertreatment branch 168 includes one or more catalyst components 110. The exhaust aftertreatment system 100 also includes an outlet conduit 170 fluidly coupled to the third aftertreatment branch 168. The outlet conduit 170 (e.g., a pipeline, a chamber, a tube, etc.) is configured to receive exhaust gas from one or more catalyst components 110 of the third aftertreatment branch 168.

[0038] Figure 23-Figure 29 Yet another embodiment of an exhaust aftertreatment system 100 is shown. Fig.23 Another embodiment of an exhaust aftertreatment system 100 is shown. In this embodiment, the exhaust aftertreatment system 100 includes an intake conduit 172 (e.g., a line, a tube, etc.). The intake conduit 172 is configured to receive exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine. The exhaust aftertreatment system 100 also includes an oxidation catalyst component 174 disposed downstream of the intake conduit 172. The oxidation catalyst component 174 is configured to receive exhaust gas from the intake conduit 172. The exhaust aftertreatment system 100 also includes a particulate filter 106 disposed downstream of the oxidation catalyst component 174. The particulate filter 106 is configured to receive exhaust gas from the oxidation catalyst component 174.

[0039] exist Figure 23-Figure 29In the illustrated embodiment, the exhaust aftertreatment system 100 further includes a decomposition chamber 108 disposed downstream of the particulate filter 106. The decomposition chamber 108 is configured to receive exhaust gas from the particulate filter 106. The exhaust aftertreatment system 100 further includes a panel 140 and a distributor assembly 112 coupled to the panel 140. The injector 120 of the distributor assembly 112 is configured to inject the treatment fluid through the panel 140 and into the decomposition chamber 108. The exhaust aftertreatment system 100 further includes a catalyst component 110 disposed downstream of the decomposition chamber 108 and configured to receive exhaust gas from the decomposition chamber 108. The exhaust aftertreatment system 100 further includes an outlet conduit 176 (e.g., a pipeline, a tube, a conduit, etc.) disposed downstream of the catalyst component 110 and configured to receive exhaust gas from the catalyst component 110.

[0040] Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 , Figure 12-14 , Figure 17-Figure 1 9. Fig.21 , Fig. 22 and Figure 31-Figure 41 1 shows a mixer 121 according to various embodiments. The mixer 121 includes a mixer body 200 (eg, a housing, a frame, etc.). The mixer body 200 is positioned such that the injection axis 119 extends into the mixer body 200. In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 In those embodiments where the mixer body 200 is positioned such that the mixer body 200 extends about the chamber axis 111. As explained in more detail herein, the mixer body 200 is configured to receive a radial flow of the exhaust gas, receive at least a partial axial flow of the treatment fluid, and provide at least a partial axial flow of a mixture of the exhaust gas and the treatment fluid. The mixer body 200 harnesses the radial entry of the exhaust gas to induce rotation of the exhaust gas and the treatment fluid within the mixer body 200 to facilitate mixing the exhaust gas and the treatment fluid within the mixer body 200 and downstream of the mixer body 200 (e.g., within the decomposition chamber 108, etc.). In some embodiments, at least a portion of the mixer body 200 is a frustoconical shape (e.g., Figure 6-Figure 1 9. Fig.21 and Fig. 22 In other embodiments, at least a portion of the mixer body 200 is cylindrical in shape (e.g. Figure 23-Figure 26 as shown), a cone shape or a spherical shape.

[0041] The mixer 121 includes a plurality (e.g., more than one) of orifices 202. Each orifice 202 extends through the mixer body 200 and is configured to facilitate the flow of exhaust gas and process fluid through the mixer body 200. In some embodiments, the mixer 121 includes ten orifices 202. In other embodiments, the mixer 121 includes (i) less than ten orifices 202 (e.g., nine, eight, three, etc.) or (ii) more than ten orifices 202 (e.g., eleven, twelve, twenty, etc.).

[0042] In some embodiments, each orifice 202 has a rectangular shape, wherein the width of the orifice 202 is approximately constant (e.g., within 5%, etc.) throughout the orifice 202, and the length of the orifice 202 is approximately constant throughout the orifice 202. In other embodiments, each orifice 202 has a trapezoidal shape. In these embodiments, (i) the width of the orifice 202 can vary throughout the orifice 202, and the length of the orifice 202 can also vary throughout the orifice 202, (ii) the width of the orifice 202 can remain approximately constant throughout the orifice 202, while the length of the orifice 202 can vary throughout the orifice 202, and (iii) the width of the orifice 202 can vary throughout the orifice 202, while the length of the orifice 202 can remain constant throughout the orifice 202. In other embodiments, each orifice 202 has a circular shape, a semicircular shape, a triangular shape, an elliptical shape, an octagonal shape, a square shape, or other common shapes. Each orifice 202 includes an opening area defined by the size of the orifice 202. In some embodiments, the opening area of ​​each orifice 202 is about 400 mm 2 and 850mm 2 (For example, 621.94 mm 2 etc.) between.

[0043] The mixer 121 also includes a plurality of blades 204. Each blade 204 is coupled to the mixer body 200 along a portion of one of the apertures 202. In some embodiments, each blade 204 extends radially outward from the mixer body 200. In these embodiments, as shown in FIG. Figure 6 As shown, at least one of the blades 204 extends radially outward from the mixer body 200 at an angle A0 between about 15 degrees and about 85 degrees (e.g., 20 degrees, 25 degrees, 35 degrees, etc.) relative to the mixer body 200. In other embodiments, each blade 204 extends radially inward from the mixer body 200. In these embodiments, as shown in FIG. Fig.31As shown, at least one of the blades 204 extends radially inward from the mixer body 200 at an angle A9 between about 15 degrees and about 85 degrees (e.g., 35 degrees, 45 degrees, 50 degrees, etc.) relative to the mixer body 200. In some embodiments, one or more of the blades 204 extend radially inward from the mixer body 200, while one or more of the blades 204 extend radially outward from the mixer body 200. The exhaust gas flows through the orifice 202 and flows along the blades 204. The blades 204 can be angled relative to the mixer body 200 so as to cause the exhaust gas to swirl as it flows through the mixer body 200. The swirl enhances mixing of the process fluid with the exhaust gas downstream of the mixer 121. In some embodiments, the mixer 121 includes ten blades 204. In other embodiments, the mixer 121 includes (i) less than ten blades 204 (e.g., nine, eight, three, etc.) or (ii) more than ten blades 204 (e.g., eleven, twelve, twenty, etc.).

[0044] In some embodiments, each of blades 204 has a substantially rectangular shape, wherein the width of blade 204 is substantially constant throughout blade 204, and the length of blade 204 is substantially constant throughout blade 204. In other embodiments, each blade 204 has a substantially trapezoidal shape, wherein the width of blade 204 varies throughout blade 204, and the length of blade 204 (i) is substantially constant throughout blade 204 or (ii) varies throughout blade 204.

[0045] In some embodiments, Fig.21 and Fig. 22 As shown, each blade 204 includes a first portion and a second portion. Each of the first portion and the second portion includes a first edge that is contiguous with the mixer body 200. The first edge of the first portion and the first edge of the second portion may be contiguous with the orifice 202. Each of the first portion and the second portion also includes a second edge. The second edge of the first portion and the second edge of the second portion are adjacent to each other (e.g., the second edge of the first portion is adjacent to the second edge of the second portion). The first portion is angled away from the mixer body 200 at a first opening angle, and the second portion is angled away from the mixer body 200 at a second opening angle. In some embodiments, the first opening angle is equal to the second opening angle. In other embodiments, the first opening angle is (i) less than (e.g., less than or equal to) the second opening angle or (ii) more than (e.g., greater than or equal to) the second opening angle. In some embodiments, the first opening angle is between about 10 degrees and about 90 degrees, and the second opening angle is between about 5 degrees and about 60 degrees.

[0046] The mixer 121 also includes a first end 206 disposed at a front portion of the mixer 121. In some embodiments, the first end 206 includes a plurality of tabs 208. At least one of the tabs 208 is coupled to the inner side 141 of the panel 140. In these embodiments, the first end 206 also includes a plurality of edge grooves 210. Each of the edge grooves 210 is positioned between two of the tabs 208 and is configured to facilitate the flow of exhaust gas between the mixer 121 and the inner side 141 of the panel 140. Each of the edge grooves 210 is adjacent to two of the tabs 208, and each of the tabs 208 is adjacent to two of the edge grooves 210.

[0047] In some embodiments, the tabs 208 are evenly spaced around the perimeter of the first end 206. In other embodiments, the tabs 208 are unevenly spaced around the perimeter of the first end 206, such that a first circumferential distance between two tabs 208 of a first set is longer than a second circumferential distance between two tabs 208 of a second set. In some embodiments, the circumferential length of the surface of the tab 208 is approximately equal to the circumferential length of the edge groove 210. In other embodiments, the circumferential length of the surface of the tab 208 is longer than the circumferential length of the edge groove 210. In still other embodiments, the circumferential length of the surface of the tab 208 is shorter than the circumferential length of the edge groove 210. In some embodiments, the circumferential length of the surface of the tab 208 is between about 10 millimeters (mm) and about 50 mm, and the circumferential length of the edge groove 210 is between about 10 mm and about 50 mm. In some embodiments, at least one of the tabs 208 includes a rectangular cross-sectional shape. In other embodiments, at least one of the tabs 208 includes a trapezoidal cross-sectional shape.

[0048] The mixer 121 also includes a second end 212 that is disposed opposite the first end 206 and is configured to be received within the decomposition chamber 108. In some embodiments, the second end 212 includes a flange 214 that extends radially outward from the mixer body 200. The flange 214 is configured to be received within the decomposition chamber 108. The flange 214 is configured to increase the velocity and shear stress of the exhaust gas, thereby resulting in a reduction in process fluid deposits at the second end 212 relative to a second end 212 without the flange 214.

[0049] In some embodiments, Fig. 9 As shown, the flange 214 includes a mixer body edge 215 adjacent to the mixer body 200 and an outlet edge 216. In some embodiments, the flange 214 includes the following relationship: L = (R 1f –R 2f) / sin(θ). In this relationship, (i) L is the length of the flange 214 measured along the flange 214 between the mixer body edge 215 of the flange 214 and the outlet edge 216 of the flange 214, (ii) R 1f is the first flange radius measured from the mixer axis 228 to the outlet edge 216 of the flange 214, and R 1f Between 0.04 meters (m) and 0.08 m, (iii) R 2f is a second flange radius measured from the mixer axis 228 to the mixer body edge 215 of the flange 214 and has the form R 2f =R 1e / α, where (a) R 1e is the first end radius measured from the mixer axis 228 to the first end 206 of the mixer 121, and R 1e Between 0.02m and 0.05m, and (b) α is the radius ratio and is between 0.06 and 0.09. Additionally, in this relationship, θ is the flange angle measured relative to the mixer axis 228, and θ is between 15 degrees and 50 degrees. In other embodiments, the length (e.g., L) of the flange 214 is between about 0.01m and about 0.06m.

[0050] In some embodiments, Fig.11 As shown, the flange 214 includes a plurality of flange holes 217 extending through the flange 214. Each of the flange holes 217 is configured to facilitate exhaust gas flow through the flange 214, thereby allowing a portion of the exhaust gas to bypass (bypss) the inside of the mixer body 200 and continue to flow through the decomposition chamber 108. This results in a reduced pressure drop (e.g., pressure drop, etc.) within the decomposition chamber 108, thereby helping the mixer 121 to effectively disperse the treatment fluid in the exhaust gas downstream of the mixer 121.

[0051] In some embodiments, Figure 13-Figure 16 As shown, the flange 214 includes a plurality of flange grooves 218 extending through the flange 214. The flange grooves 218 can be similar to those described above with respect to the flange holes 217. Each flange groove 218 creates a gap 220 between the inner surface of the flange groove 218 and the outer surface of the mixer body 200. In some embodiments, the radial width (e.g., the width in the radial direction, etc.) of the gap 220 is between 3 mm and 7 mm. In other embodiments, the radial width of the gap 220 is (i) less than 3 mm or (ii) greater than 7 mm.

[0052] In some embodiments, Fig.12As shown, the mixer 121 also includes a first plate 222. The first plate 222 is coupled to the second end 212 and extends radially outward from the second end 212. The mixer 121 also includes a second plate 224. The second plate 224 is coupled to the second end 212 and extends radially outward from the second end 212. The mixer 121 also includes a mixer axis 228 extending through the mixer body 200. The first plate 222 is at a third opening angle relative to the mixer axis 228. The second plate 224 is at a fourth opening angle relative to the mixer axis 228. The first plate 222, the second plate 224, and the second end 212 define a plate channel 226, which is configured to facilitate exhaust gas flow through the plate channel. In some embodiments, the plate channel 226 is limited only by the first plate 222, the second plate 224, and the second end 212.

[0053] In some embodiments, Fig.10 As shown, the mixer 121 also includes a plurality of body holes 230 extending through the mixer body 200. Each of the body holes 230 is configured to facilitate the flow of exhaust gas from an outer portion of the mixer body 200 through an inner portion of the mixer body 200. This results in a reduced pressure drop within the decomposition chamber 108, thereby helping the mixer 121 to effectively disperse the treatment fluid in the exhaust gas downstream of the mixer 121.

[0054] In some embodiments, Figure 17-Figure 2 0, the mixer 121 also includes an internal mixer 240 disposed within the mixer body 200. The internal mixer 240 includes an internal mixer body 242. The internal mixer body 242 extends around the chamber axis 111 and is positioned so that the injection axis 119 extends into the internal mixer body 242. The internal mixer body 242 is configured to receive exhaust gas and treatment fluid. The internal mixer 240 includes a plurality of internal orifices 244. Each internal orifice 244 extends through the internal mixer body 242 and is configured to facilitate the flow of exhaust gas and treatment fluid through the internal mixer body 242. In some embodiments, the internal mixer 240 includes ten internal orifices 244. In other embodiments, the internal mixer 240 includes (i) less than ten internal orifices 244 (e.g., nine, eight, three, etc.) or (ii) more than ten internal orifices 244 (e.g., eleven, twelve, twenty, etc.).

[0055] In some embodiments, each internal aperture 244 has a substantially rectangular shape, wherein the width of the internal aperture 244 is substantially constant throughout the internal aperture 244, and the length of the internal aperture 244 is substantially constant throughout the internal aperture 244. In other embodiments, each internal aperture 244 has a substantially trapezoidal shape, wherein the width of the internal aperture 244 varies throughout the internal aperture 244, and the length of the internal aperture 244 (i) is substantially constant throughout the internal aperture 244 or (ii) varies throughout the internal aperture 244.

[0056] The internal mixer 240 also includes a plurality of internal blades 246. Each internal blade 246 is coupled to the internal mixer body 242 along a portion of one of the internal orifices 244. Each internal blade 246 extends radially outward from the internal mixer body 242. The exhaust gas flows through the internal blades 246 via the internal orifices 244. The internal blades 246 can be angled relative to the internal mixer body 242 so that the exhaust gas is swirled when it flows through the internal mixer body 242. The swirl enhances the mixing of the treatment fluid with the exhaust gas downstream of the internal mixer body 242. Each of the internal blades 246 is configured to extend through each orifice 202 of the mixer 121. In some embodiments, the internal mixer 240 includes ten internal blades 246. In other embodiments, the internal mixer 240 includes (i) less than ten internal blades 246 (e.g., nine, eight, three, etc.) or (ii) more than ten internal blades 246 (e.g., eleven, twelve, twenty, etc.).

[0057] In some embodiments, each inner blade 246 has a substantially rectangular shape, wherein the width of the inner blade 246 is substantially constant throughout the inner blade 246, and the length of the inner blade 246 is substantially constant throughout the inner blade 246. In other embodiments, each inner blade 246 has a substantially trapezoidal shape, wherein the width of the inner blade 246 varies throughout the inner blade 246, and the length of the inner blade 246 (i) is substantially constant throughout the inner blade 246 or (ii) varies throughout the inner blade 246.

[0058] In some embodiments, each internal blade 246 includes a third portion and a fourth portion. Each of the third portion and the fourth portion includes a third edge adjacent to the internal mixer body 242. The third edge of the third portion and the third edge of the fourth portion may be adjacent to the internal orifice 244. Each of the third portion and the fourth portion also includes a fourth edge. The fourth edge of the third portion and the fourth edge of the fourth portion are adjacent to each other (e.g., the fourth edge of the third portion is adjacent to the fourth edge of the second portion). The third portion is angled away from the internal mixer body 242 at a third opening angle, and the fourth portion is angled away from the internal mixer body 242 at a fourth opening angle. In some embodiments, the third opening angle is equal to the fourth opening angle. In other embodiments, the third opening angle is (i) less than the fourth opening angle or (ii) greater than the fourth opening angle.

[0059] The internal mixer 240 also includes a third end 248 disposed at a front portion of the internal mixer 240 and a fourth end 249 disposed at a rear portion of the internal mixer 240. The third end 248 includes a plurality of internal tabs 250. At least one of the internal tabs 250 is coupled to the inner side 141 of the panel 140. The third end 248 also includes a plurality of internal edge grooves 252. Each of the internal edge grooves 252 is positioned between two of the internal tabs 250 and is configured to facilitate exhaust gas flow through the third end 248 and into the internal mixer body 242. In some embodiments, the third end 248 and the first end 206 are coplanar. In other embodiments, the third end 248 and the first end 206 are not coplanar.

[0060] like Fig.19AAs shown, the mixer 121 includes a length L1 from the second end 212 to the lower surface of one of the edge grooves 210. In some embodiments, the length L1 can be between about 100 mm and about 120 mm (e.g., 107.67 mm, etc.). The mixer 121 also includes a second end outer diameter D1 that extends across the outer portion of the mixer body 200 near the second end 212. In some embodiments, the second end outer diameter D1 can be between about 115 mm and about 130 mm (e.g., 122 mm, etc.). In other embodiments, the second end outer diameter D1 can be between about 90 mm and about 101 mm (e.g., 95.9 mm, etc.). The mixer 121 also includes a second end inner diameter D2 that extends across the inner portion of the mixer body 200 near the second end 212. In some embodiments, the second end inner diameter D2 is between about 112 mm and 127 mm (e.g., 118.93 mm, etc.). The mixer 121 also includes a first end outer diameter D3 that extends across an outer portion of the mixer body 200 near the first end 206. In some embodiments, the first end outer diameter D3 can be between about 70 mm and about 80 mm (e.g., 74.39 mm, etc.). The mixer 121 also includes a first end inner diameter D4 that extends across an inner portion of the mixer body 200 near the first end 206. In some embodiments, the first end inner diameter D4 is between about 67 mm and 76 mm (e.g., 71.32 mm, etc.). In other embodiments, the first end inner diameter D4 is between about 86 mm and 98 mm (e.g., 92.5 mm, etc.). The mixer 121 includes a tab height H1 that defines the height of at least one of the tabs 208. In some embodiments, the tab height H1 is between about 4 mm and about 10 mm (e.g., 6.69 mm, etc.). The mixer 121 includes an edge slot width W1 that defines the width of the non-circumferential width of at least one of the edge slots 210. In some embodiments, the edge slot width W1 is between approximately 10 mm and 20 mm (eg, 14.41 mm, etc.).

[0061] like Fig.19BAs shown, the mixer 121 includes a blade length L2 taken across the outermost portion of at least one of the blades 204. In some embodiments, the blade length L2 is between about 65 mm and about 77 mm (e.g., 72.76 mm, etc.). The mixer 121 also includes an orifice length L3 that defines the length of at least one of the orifices 202. In some embodiments, the orifice length L3 is between about 71 mm and about 85 mm (e.g., 77.56 mm, etc.). The mixer 121 also includes a first orifice width W2 that defines the width of at least one of the orifices 202 near the first end 206. In some embodiments, the first orifice width W2 is between about 25 mm and about 35 mm (e.g., 30.5 mm, etc.). The mixer 121 also includes a second orifice width W3 that defines the width of at least one of the orifices 202 near the second end 212. In some embodiments, the second orifice width W3 is between about 20 mm and about 30 mm (e.g., 25.45 mm, etc.). The mixer 121 also includes a first blade width W4 that defines a width of at least one of the blades 204 near the first end 206. In some embodiments, the first blade width W4 is between about 27 mm and about 38 mm (e.g., 33.79 mm, etc.). The mixer 121 also includes a second blade width W5 that defines a width of at least one of the blades 204 near the second end 212. In some embodiments, the second blade width W5 is between about 16 mm and about 28 mm (e.g., 22.76 mm, etc.).

[0062] like Fig. 20AAs shown, the internal mixer 240 includes a length L4 from the fourth end 249 to the lower surface of one of the inner edge grooves 252. In some embodiments, the length L4 can be between about 90 mm and about 110 mm (e.g., 97.79 mm, etc.). The internal mixer 240 also includes a fourth end outer diameter D5 that extends across the outer portion of the internal mixer body 242 near the fourth end 249. In some embodiments, the fourth end outer diameter D5 can be between about 100 mm and about 125 mm (e.g., 113.7 mm, etc.). The internal mixer 240 also includes a second end inner diameter D6 that extends across the inner portion of the internal mixer body 242 near the fourth end 249. In some embodiments, the second end inner diameter D6 is between about 95 mm and 120 mm (e.g., 110.55 mm, etc.). The internal mixer 240 also includes a third end outer diameter D7 that extends across an outer portion of the internal mixer body 242 near the third end 248. In some embodiments, the third end outer diameter D7 can be between about 40 mm and about 60 mm (e.g., 51.24 mm, etc.). The internal mixer 240 also includes a first end inner diameter D8 that extends across an inner portion of the internal mixer body 242 near the third end 248. In some embodiments, the first end inner diameter D8 is between about 37 mm and 57 mm (e.g., 48.09 mm, etc.). The internal mixer 240 includes a tab height H2 that defines the height of at least one of the internal tabs 250. In some embodiments, the tab height H2 is between about 1.5 mm and about 4.5 mm (e.g., 3.1 mm, etc.). The internal mixer 240 includes an edge groove width W6 that defines the width of the non-circumferential width of at least one of the internal edge grooves 252. In some embodiments, edge groove width W6 is between approximately 5 mm and 15 mm (eg, 9.36 mm, etc.).

[0063] like Fig. 20BAs shown, the internal mixer 240 includes a blade length L5 taken across the outermost portion of at least one of the internal blades 246. In some embodiments, the blade length L5 is between about 63 mm and about 75 mm (e.g., 70.53 mm, etc.). The internal mixer 240 also includes an orifice length L6 that defines the length of at least one of the internal orifices 244. In some embodiments, the orifice length L6 is between about 65 mm and about 82 mm (e.g., 75 mm, etc.). The internal mixer 240 also includes a first orifice width W7 that defines the width of at least one of the internal orifices 244 near the third end 248. In some embodiments, the first orifice width W7 is between about 20 mm and about 30 mm (e.g., 25.32 mm, etc.). The internal mixer 240 also includes a second orifice width W8 that defines the width of at least one of the internal orifices 244 near the fourth end 249. In some embodiments, the second orifice width W8 is between about 20 mm and about 30 mm (e.g., 25.62 mm, etc.). The internal mixer 240 also includes a first blade width W9 that defines a width of at least one of the internal blades 246 near the third end 248. In some embodiments, the first blade width W9 is between about 22 mm and about 33 mm (e.g., 27.71 mm, etc.). The internal mixer 240 also includes a second blade width W10 that defines a width of at least one of the internal blades 246 near the fourth end 249. In some embodiments, the second blade width W10 is between about 13 mm and about 23 mm (e.g., 17.42 mm, etc.).

[0064] In some embodiments, Fig.28 and Fig.29 As shown, the mixer body 200 can be combined with the decomposition chamber 108 so that the mixer body 200 serves as the decomposition chamber 108 (e.g., the mixer body 200 is the decomposition chamber 108). This results in a reduced pressure drop within the decomposition chamber 108, thereby helping the mixer 121 to effectively disperse the treatment fluid into the exhaust gas downstream of the mixer 121. Therefore, a portion of the mixer body 200 can extend across a gap between two adjacent bodies (e.g., a first body containing the particulate filter 106 and a second body containing the catalyst member 110, etc.). In addition, the exhaust aftertreatment system 100 may include an additional mixing volume 253 downstream of the mixer 121. The additional mixing volume 253 provides additional time for the exhaust gas and the treatment fluid to mix via space (e.g., volume) before entering the catalyst member 110. This results in better mixing of the exhaust gas and the treatment fluid, thereby reducing NO x emission.

[0065] like Figure 30-Figure 41 As shown, the orifices 202 may include a first group of orifices 254 (e.g., a first row of orifices, etc.), a second group of orifices 256, and a third group of orifices 258. Similarly, the blades 204 may include a first group of blades 260, a second group of blades 262, and a third group of blades 264. The first group of orifices 254 corresponds to the first group of blades 260, so that each of the first group of blades 260 is coupled to the mixer body 200 along a portion of the first group of orifices 254. The second group of orifices 256 corresponds to the second group of blades 262, so that each of the second group of blades 262 is coupled to the mixer body 200 along a portion of the second group of orifices 256. The third group of orifices 258 corresponds to the third group of blades 264, so that each of the third group of blades 264 is coupled to the mixer body 200 along a portion of the third group of orifices 258. This configuration creates a swirl of the exhaust gas along the length of the mixer 121, which can increase the swirl of the exhaust gas. This can enhance the mixing of the process fluid and the exhaust gas within the mixer 121. This may also enhance the reduction of deposits along the mixer 121 .

[0066] In other embodiments, Figure 32-Figure 41 As shown, apertures 202 may also include a fourth set of apertures 266. Blades 204 may also include a fourth set of blades 268. Fourth set of apertures 266 corresponds to fourth set of blades 268 such that each of fourth set of blades 268 is connected to the mixer body along a portion of fourth set of apertures 266.

[0067] In still other embodiments, the apertures 202 may include (i) more than four groups of apertures (e.g., five groups of apertures, six groups of apertures, seven groups of apertures, etc.), or (ii) less than three groups of apertures (e.g., only the first group of apertures 254, only the first group of apertures 254 and the second group of apertures 256, etc.). The blades 204 may include (i) more than four groups of blades (e.g., the fifth group of blades, the sixth group of blades, the seventh group of blades, etc.), or (ii) less than three groups of blades (e.g., only the first group of blades 260, only the first group of blades 260 and the second group of blades 262, etc.).

[0068] like Fig.28 , Fig.29 , Fig.32 and Fig.33As shown, the first end 206 may include a first connection groove 270 configured to couple the mixer 121 to a conduit coupling 271 (e.g., a pipe connector, etc.) and / or other components of the exhaust aftertreatment system 100 (e.g., the panel 140, the particulate filter 106, etc.). The second end 212 may also include a second connection groove 272 configured to couple the mixer 121 to the conduit coupling 271 and / or other components of the exhaust aftertreatment system 100 located downstream of the mixer 121 (e.g., the catalyst member 110, etc.). In some embodiments, the first end 206 may include a plurality of first connection grooves 270, and the second end 212 may include a plurality of second connection grooves 272. In some embodiments, the conduit coupling 271 is coupled to the mixer body 200 without being coupled to the first connection groove 270 or the second connection groove 272. In some embodiments, the conduit coupling 271 is coupled to the mixer body 200 around an exterior surface of the mixer body 200 such that the conduit coupling 271 is less likely to collect deposits of the process fluid.

[0069] like Fig.33 As shown, the mixer 121 includes a length L7 extending from the first end 206 to the second end 212. In some embodiments, the length L7 is between about 390 mm and about 400 mm (e.g., 394 mm, etc.). The mixer 121 also includes a length L8 extending from the first end 206 to the conduit connector 271. In some embodiments, the length L8 is between about 360 mm and about 376 mm (e.g., 368.3 mm, etc.). The conduit connector 271 includes an outer diameter D9. In some embodiments, the outer diameter D9 is between about 120 mm and about 136 mm (e.g., 128 mm, etc.). When the panel 140 is coupled to the mixer 121 near the first end 206, the panel 140 may have a panel width W11 protruding outward from the first end 206. In some embodiments, the panel width W11 is between about 4 mm and about 10 mm (e.g., 6 mm, etc.). As Fig.34 As shown, the injector orifice 139 includes an injector orifice diameter D10. In some embodiments, the injector orifice diameter D10 is between about 15 mm and about 29 mm (eg, 22 mm, etc.).

[0070] like Fig.35As shown, the mixer 121 may include a vertical axis 274 that is perpendicular to the mixer axis 228. The mixer 121 includes an angle A1 between the edge of one of the blades 204 and the vertical axis 274. In some embodiments, the angle A1 is between about 25 degrees and about 35 degrees (e.g., 30 degrees, etc.). The mixer 121 includes an angle A2 between the edge of another blade in the blade 204 and the vertical axis 274. In some embodiments, the angle A2 is between about 37 degrees and about 47 degrees (e.g., 42 degrees, etc.). The mixer 121 includes an angle A3 between the edge of another blade in the blade 204 and the vertical axis 274. In some embodiments, the angle A3 is between about 110 degrees and about 120 degrees (e.g., 114 degrees, etc.). The mixer 121 includes an angle A4 between the edge of another blade in the blade 204 and the vertical axis 274. In some embodiments, the angle A4 is between about 1 degree and about 11 degrees (e.g., 5.9 degrees, etc.). The mixer 121 includes an angle A5 between an edge of another blade in the blades 204 and the vertical axis 274. In some embodiments, the angle A5 is between about 250 degrees and about 266 degrees (e.g., 258 degrees, etc.). The mixer 121 includes an angle A6 between an edge of the second connecting groove 272 and the vertical axis 274. In some embodiments, the angle A6 is between about 279 degrees and about 293 degrees (e.g., 286 degrees, etc.).

[0071] like Fig.36 As shown, the mixer 121 includes a length L9 between the edge of an orifice in the first group of orifices 254 and the first end 206. In some embodiments, the length L9 is between about 26 mm and about 40 mm (e.g., 32.9 mm, etc.). The mixer 121 includes a length L10 between the edge of an orifice in the second group of orifices 256 and the first end 206. In some embodiments, the length L10 is between about 80 mm and about 96 mm (e.g., 87.9 mm, etc.). The mixer 121 includes a length L11 between the edge of an orifice in the third group of orifices 258 and the first end 206. In some embodiments, the length L11 is between about 135 mm and about 151 mm (e.g., 142.9 mm, etc.). The mixer 121 includes a length L12 between the edge of an orifice in the fourth group of orifices 266 and the first end 206. In some embodiments, the length L12 is between about 190 mm and about 206 mm (e.g., 197.9 mm, etc.). As Fig.37 As shown, the mixer 121 includes an angle A7 between an edge of the first connection slot 270 and the vertical axis 274. In some embodiments, the angle A7 is between about 60 degrees and about 76 degrees (eg, 68 degrees, etc.).

[0072] like Fig.38As shown, the mixer 121 may include a point X disposed at the second end 212 and a point Y disposed on the mixer body 200. Point X and point Y are coplanar. The mixer 121 also includes a length L13 between point X and point Y. In some embodiments, the length L13 is between about 42 mm and about 57 mm (e.g., 50 mm, etc.). The mixer 121 also includes a circularity tolerance C1 (e.g., roughness, etc.) between point X and point Y. In some embodiments, the circularity tolerance C1 is between about 0.1 mm and about 1.5 mm (e.g., 0.8 mm, etc.). The mixer 121 may also include a point N disposed on the mixer body 200 and a point M disposed at the first end 206. Point N and point M are coplanar. The mixer 121 also includes a length L14 between point N and point M. In some embodiments, the length L14 is between about 13 mm and about 27 mm (e.g., 20 mm, etc.). The mixer 121 also includes a roundness tolerance C2 between point N and point M. In some embodiments, the roundness tolerance C2 is between about 0.1 mm and about 1.5 mm (eg, 0.8 mm, etc.).

[0073] like Fig.39As shown, the mixer 121 may include an axial edge 276 parallel to the mixer axis 228. The mixer 121 also includes a length L16 from the axial edge 276 to the edge of one of the orifices 202. In some embodiments, the length L16 is between about 30 mm and about 46 mm (e.g., 37.8 mm, etc.). The mixer 121 also includes a length L17 from the axial edge 276 to the edge of another orifice in the orifice 202. In some embodiments, the length L17 is between about 90 mm and about 104 mm (e.g., 96.8 mm, etc.). The mixer 121 also includes a length L18 from the axial edge 276 to the edge of another orifice in the orifice 202. In some embodiments, the length L18 is between about 150 mm and about 162 mm (e.g., 155.7 mm, etc.). The mixer 121 also includes a length L19 from the axial edge 276 to the edge of another orifice in the orifice 202. In some embodiments, the length L19 is between about 206 mm and about 222 mm (e.g., 214.7 mm, etc.). The mixer 121 also includes a length L20 from the axial edge 276 to the edge of another orifice in the orifices 202. In some embodiments, the length L20 is between about 266 mm and about 280 mm (e.g., 273.7 mm, etc.). The mixer 121 may include a continuous length L21 for at least one of the orifices 202. In some embodiments, the continuous length L21 is between about 25 mm and about 35 mm (e.g., 30.1 mm, etc.). The mixer 121 may include a continuous width W12 for at least one of the orifices 202. In some embodiments, the continuous width W12 is between about 15 mm and about 25 mm (e.g., 20.4 mm, etc.).

[0074] like Fig.30 , Fig.32 , Fig.36 , Fig.38 and Fig.39As shown, each of the apertures 202 includes a first edge 278 adjacent to one of the blades 204. Each of the apertures 202 also includes a second edge 280 perpendicular to the first edge 278 and disposed along a first end of the first edge 278. Each of the apertures 202 also includes a third edge 282 perpendicular to the first edge 278 and disposed along a second end of the first edge 278 opposite the first end of the first edge 278. Each of the apertures 202 also includes a fourth edge 284 opposite the first edge 278 and perpendicular to both the second edge 280 and the third edge 282. In some embodiments, the length of the first edge 278 is between about 20 mm and about 40 mm (e.g., 30.1 mm, etc.). In some embodiments, the length of the second edge 280 is between about 10 mm and about 30 mm (e.g., 20.66 mm, etc.). In some embodiments, the first edge 278 and the fourth edge 284 include equal or approximately equal lengths. In other embodiments, the first edge 278 and the fourth edge 284 include different (e.g., unequal, equal) lengths. In some embodiments, the second edge 280 and the third edge 282 include equal or approximately equal lengths. In other embodiments, the second edge 280 and the third edge 282 include different lengths.

[0075] like Fig.30 , Fig.32 , Fig.33 , Fig.36 , Fig.38 and Fig.39 As shown, the mixer 121 may include a plurality of reference axes 300. Each of the reference axes 300 is parallel to the mixer axis 228 and the axial edge 276 and extends through at least (i) the intersection between the first edge 278 and the second edge 280 of one of the first set of orifices 254 and (ii) the intersection between the first edge 278 and the second edge 280 of one of the second set of orifices 256. The mixer 121 may include an orifice angle A8 between the first edge 278 and the axial edge 276 of at least one orifice in the orifice 202 on the mixer body 200. The orifice angle A8 is also between the first edge 278 of at least one orifice in the orifice 202 and one of the reference axes 300 on the mixer body 200. In some embodiments, the orifice angle A8 is between about 5 degrees and about 30 degrees. In other embodiments, the orifice angle A8 is between about 10 degrees and about 20 degrees (e.g., 15.5 degrees, etc.). In some embodiments, only some (eg, not all, etc.) of the apertures 202 include aperture angle A8. In other embodiments, all of the apertures 202 include aperture angle A8.

[0076] like Fig.40 As shown, the first connecting groove 270 includes a first groove width W13. In some embodiments, the first groove width W13 is between about 3 mm and about 10 mm (e.g., 6 mm, etc.). The first connecting groove 270 also includes a first groove length L22. In some embodiments, the first groove length L22 is between about 3 mm and about 10 mm (e.g., 6 mm, etc.). The first connecting groove 270 also includes a radius of curvature R1. In some embodiments, the radius of curvature R1 is between about 0.5 mm and about 1.5 mm (e.g., 1 mm, etc.). The mixer 121 includes a length L23 between the edge of the first connecting groove 270 and the axial edge 276. In some embodiments, the length L23 is between about 7 mm and about 18 mm (e.g., 13.35 mm, etc.).

[0077] like Fig.41 As shown, the second connecting groove 272 includes a second groove width W14. In some embodiments, the second groove width W14 is between about 3 mm and about 10 mm (e.g., 6 mm, etc.). The second connecting groove 272 also includes a second groove length L24. In some embodiments, the second groove length L24 is between about 5 mm and about 14 mm (e.g., 9 mm, etc.). The first connecting groove 270 also includes a radius of curvature R2. In some embodiments, the radius of curvature R2 is between about 0.5 mm and about 1.5 mm (e.g., 1 mm, etc.). The mixer 121 includes a length L25 between the edge of the second connecting groove 272 and the axial edge 276. In some embodiments, the length L25 is between about 7 mm and about 18 mm (e.g., 13.35 mm, etc.).

[0078] like Fig.29 As shown, the injector 120 may include a tip surface 123 (e.g., an end surface, etc.). The mixer 121 also includes a length L26 from the tip surface 123 to the intersection between the second edge 280 and the fourth edge 284 of one of the first set of orifices 254. In some embodiments, the length L25 is between about 2 mm and about 10 mm (e.g., 6 mm, etc.).

[0079] It should be understood that the mixer 121 can be manufactured (e.g., created, constructed, etc.) by various conventional methods, such as a Mannesmann plug mill process, a mandrel mill process, an extrusion process, forging (e.g., a forged seamless tube manufacturing process, etc.), welding (e.g., a welded tube manufacturing process, etc.), casting, drawing, forming, machining, cutting, punching, stamping, and 3D printing. IV. Configuration of Example Embodiments

[0080] Although this specification contains many specific implementation details, these should not be interpreted as limitations on the scope of the content that can be claimed, but should be interpreted as descriptions of features that are unique to specific implementations. Certain features described in the context of separate implementations in this specification may also be implemented in combination in a single implementation. Conversely, the various features described in the context of a single implementation may also be implemented individually or in any suitable sub-combination in multiple implementations. Moreover, although features may be described as working in certain combinations and even initially claimed as such, one or more features from the claimed combination may be deleted from the combination in some cases, and the claimed combination may involve a sub-combination or a deformation of a sub-combination.

[0081] As utilized herein, the terms "substantially," "generally," "approximately," and similar terms are intended to have a broad meaning consistent with common and accepted usage by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the subject matter of the present disclosure belongs. Those skilled in the art who review the present disclosure should understand that these terms are intended to allow a description of certain features described and claimed without limiting the scope of these features to the precise numerical ranges provided. Accordingly, these terms should be interpreted as indicating insubstantial or inconsequential modifications or variations of the subject matter described and claimed and are considered to be within the scope of the appended claims.

[0082] As used herein, the term "coupled" and similar terms mean the joining of two components directly or indirectly to one another. Such joining may be fixed (e.g., permanent) or movable (e.g., removable or releasable). Such joining may be achieved by the two components, or the two components and any additional intermediate components, being integrally formed as a single unitary body with one another, or by the two components, or the two components and any additional intermediate components, being attached to one another.

[0083] As used herein, the term "fluidically coupled to" and the like means that two components or objects have a path formed between the two components or objects, and a fluid (such as air, a process fluid, an air-process fluid mixture, exhaust gas, hydrocarbons, an air-hydrocarbon mixture) can flow in the path with or without an intermediate component or object. Examples of fluid couplings or configurations for achieving fluid communication may include pipes, channels, or any other suitable components for achieving fluid flow from one component or object to another component or object.

[0084] It is important to note that the structure and arrangement of the various systems shown in the various example embodiments are illustrative and non-restrictive in nature. All changes and modifications within the spirit and / or scope of the described embodiments need to be protected. It should be understood that some features may not be necessary, and embodiments lacking various features may be considered to be within the scope of the present disclosure, which is defined by the appended claims. When the language "a portion" is used, the item may include a portion and / or the entire item unless explicitly stated to the contrary.

[0085] In addition, the term "or" is used in the context of a series of elements in its inclusive sense (rather than its exclusive meaning), so that when used to connect a series of elements, the term "or" means one, some or all of the elements in the series. Unless otherwise explicitly stated, conjunction language such as the phrase "at least one of X, Y, and Z" is understood in the context to be generally used to express that an item, term, etc. can be X, Y, Z, X and Y, X and Z, Y and Z, or X, Y and Z (i.e., any combination of X, Y, and Z). Therefore, unless otherwise specified, such conjunction language is generally not intended and implies that certain embodiments require that at least one X, at least one Y, and at least one Z each be present.

[0086] In addition, unless otherwise indicated, the range of values ​​used herein (e.g., W1 to W2, etc.) includes the maximum and minimum values ​​of the range (e.g., W1 to W2 includes W1 and includes W2, etc.). In addition, unless otherwise indicated, the range of values ​​(e.g., W1 to W2, etc.) is not necessarily required to include intermediate values ​​within the range of values ​​(e.g., W1 to W2 may only include W1 and W2, etc.).

Claims

1. A mixer for an exhaust gas aftertreatment system, the mixer comprising: a mixer body positioned so that an injection axis of an injector of the dosing module extends into the mixer body, the mixer body being configured to receive the exhaust gas and the treatment fluid; a plurality of apertures extending through the mixer body, each of the apertures being configured to facilitate flow of the exhaust gas and the treatment fluid through the mixer body; a plurality of blades, each of the blades coupled to the mixer body along a portion of one of the apertures, each of the blades extending radially outward from the mixer body; and A first end portion, the first end portion comprising: -- Multiple tabs, and -- A plurality of edge grooves, each of the edge grooves being positioned between two of the lugs.

2. The mixer of claim 1, wherein each of the blades comprises: a first portion, the first portion being angled away from the mixer body at a first opening angle, the first portion being adjacent to the mixer body; and A second portion is angled away from the mixer body at a second opening angle, the second portion being adjacent to the mixer body.

3. The mixer according to claim 1, wherein The mixer also includes a second end opposite the first end, the second end including a flange extending radially outward from the mixer body.

4. The mixer according to claim 3, wherein: The mixer body is centered on the mixer axis; The flange includes an outlet edge and a mixer body edge adjacent to the mixer body; L=(R 1f -R 2f ) / sin(θ); L is the length of the flange measured along the flange between the mixer body edge of the flange and the outlet edge of the flange; R 1f is the first flange radius measured from the mixer axis to the outlet edge of the flange, and 0.04 m ≤ R 1f ≤0.08m; R 2f is the second flange radius measured from the mixer axis to the mixer body edge of the flange, and R 2f The form is R 2f =R 1e / α; R 1e is the first end radius measured from the mixer axis to the first end of the mixer, and 0.02 m ≤ R 1e ≤0.05m; α is the radius ratio, and 0.06≤α≤0.09; as well as θ is the flange angle measured relative to the mixer axis, and 15 degrees ≤ θ ≤ 50 degrees.

5. The mixer according to claim 3, wherein: The flange includes at least one of: a plurality of flange holes extending through the flange, each of the flange holes being configured to facilitate flow of the exhaust gas through the flange; or A plurality of flange slots extend through the flange, each of the flange slots being configured to facilitate flow of the exhaust gas through the flange, wherein the flange is configured to be received within a decomposition chamber.

6. The mixer according to claim 1, further comprising: a second end portion, the second end portion being opposite to the first end portion; a first plate coupled to the second end and extending radially outward from the second end; as well as a second plate coupled to the second end and extending radially outward from the second end, wherein the first plate, the second plate, and the second end define a plate channel configured to facilitate flow of the exhaust gas through the plate channel such that the plate channel is defined solely by the first plate, the second plate, and the second end.

7. The mixer according to claim 1, further comprising: a second end portion, the second end portion being opposite to the first end portion; as well as A plurality of body apertures extend through the mixer body and are disposed between the second end and the orifice, each of the body apertures being configured to facilitate flow of the exhaust gas through the mixer body.

8. The mixer according to claim 1, further comprising an internal mixer, the internal mixer being disposed within the mixer body, the internal mixer comprising: an internal mixer body positioned such that the injection axis extends into the internal mixer body, the internal mixer body being configured to receive the exhaust gas and the treatment fluid; a plurality of internal apertures extending through the internal mixer body, each of the internal apertures being configured to facilitate flow of the exhaust gas and the treatment fluid through the internal mixer body; as well as A plurality of internal blades, each of the internal blades is coupled to the internal mixer body along a portion of one of the internal apertures, each of the internal blades extending radially outward from the internal mixer body.

9. The mixer according to claim 8, wherein Each of the internal blades extends through each of the apertures of the mixer.

10. The mixer according to claim 1, wherein The mixer body extends about a chamber axis centered along a decomposition chamber of the aftertreatment system.

11. An exhaust aftertreatment system, comprising: a decomposition chamber, wherein the decomposition chamber is centered on a chamber axis; a panel positioned so that the chamber axis extends through the panel, the panel comprising: -- an inner side, the inner side facing the decomposition chamber, and - an outer side, said outer side being opposite to said inner side; a distribution module coupled to the outside of the panel and comprising an injector configured to provide the treatment fluid through the panel and into the decomposition chamber along the injection axis; and A mixer according to claim 1.

12. The exhaust aftertreatment system of claim 11, wherein each of said vanes of said mixer comprises: a first portion, the first portion being angled away from the mixer body at a first opening angle, the first portion being adjacent to the mixer body; and A second portion is angled away from the mixer body at a second opening angle, the second portion being adjacent to the mixer body.

13. The exhaust aftertreatment system according to claim 11, wherein: The mixer also includes a second end opposite the first end, the second end including a flange extending radially outward from the mixer body.

14. The exhaust aftertreatment system according to claim 13, wherein: The mixer body is centered on the mixer axis; The flange includes an outlet edge and a mixer body edge adjacent to the mixer body; L=(R 1f -R 2f ) / sin(θ); L is the length of the flange measured along the flange between the mixer body edge of the flange and the outlet edge of the flange; R 1f is the first flange radius measured from the mixer axis to the outlet edge of the flange, and 0.04 m ≤ R 1f ≤0.08m; R 2f is the second flange radius measured from the mixer axis to the mixer body edge of the flange, and R2f is of the form R 2f =R 1e / α; R 1e is the first end radius measured from the mixer axis to the first end of the mixer, and 0.02 m ≤ R 1e ≤0.05m; α is the radius ratio, 0.06≤α≤0.09; and θ is the flange angle measured relative to the mixer axis, 15 degrees ≤ θ ≤ 50 degrees.

15. The exhaust aftertreatment system according to claim 13, wherein: The flange includes at least one of: a plurality of flange holes extending through the flange, each of the flange holes being configured to facilitate flow of the exhaust gas through the flange; or A plurality of flange slots extend through the flange, each of the flange slots being configured to facilitate flow of the exhaust gas through the flange, wherein the flange is configured to be received within the decomposition chamber.

16. The exhaust aftertreatment system according to claim 11, wherein: The mixer also includes: a second end portion, the second end portion being opposite to the first end portion; a first plate coupled to the second end and extending radially outward from the second end; and a second plate coupled to the second end and extending radially outward from the second end, wherein the first plate, the second plate, and the second end define a plate channel configured to facilitate flow of the exhaust gas through the plate channel such that the plate channel is defined solely by the first plate, the second plate, and the second end.

17. The exhaust aftertreatment system according to claim 11, wherein: The mixer also includes: a second end portion, the second end portion being opposite to the first end portion; and A plurality of body apertures extend through the mixer body and are disposed between the second end and the orifice, each of the body apertures being configured to facilitate flow of the exhaust gas through the mixer body.

18. The exhaust aftertreatment system according to claim 11, further comprising an internal mixer, the internal mixer being disposed in the mixer body, the internal mixer comprising: an internal mixer body extending about the chamber axis and positioned such that the injection axis extends into the internal mixer body, the internal mixer body being configured to receive the exhaust gas and the treatment fluid; a plurality of internal apertures extending through the internal mixer body, each of the internal apertures being configured to facilitate flow of the exhaust gas and the treatment fluid through the internal mixer body; as well as A plurality of internal blades, each of the internal blades is coupled to the internal mixer body along a portion of one of the internal apertures, each of the internal blades extending radially outward from the internal mixer body.

19. The exhaust aftertreatment system according to claim 18, wherein: Each of the internal blades extends through each of the apertures of the mixer.

20. The exhaust aftertreatment system according to claim 11, wherein: The mixer body extends about the chamber axis.

21. A mixer for an exhaust gas aftertreatment system, the mixer comprising: a mixer body centered about a mixer axis and positioned so that an injection axis of an injector of a dosing module extends into the mixer body, the mixer body being configured to receive exhaust gas and a treatment fluid; a plurality of apertures extending through the mixer body, each of the apertures being disposed on the mixer body at an aperture angle relative to a reference axis parallel to the mixer axis, the aperture angle being between 5 degrees and 30 degrees, each of the apertures being configured to facilitate flow of the exhaust gas through the mixer body, and each of the apertures comprising: -- the first edge, and - a second edge, the second edge being perpendicular to the first edge and adjacent to the first edge; and a plurality of blades, each of the blades coupled to the mixer body along a portion of one of the apertures, each of the blades extending radially inward from the mixer body; wherein the reference axis extends through: (i) an intersection between the first edge and the second edge of one of the apertures, and (ii) an intersection between the first edge and the second edge of another of the apertures.

22. The mixer according to claim 21, wherein The orifice angle is between 10 degrees and 20 degrees.

23. The mixer of claim 21, wherein: The mixer body comprises a cylindrical shape.

24. The mixer of claim 21, wherein: The mixer body extends about the injection axis.

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