Blueberry pruning method and auxiliary tool

Abstract

The invention discloses a blueberry shaping and pruning method and an auxiliary tool, and relates to the technical field of blueberry planting.The blueberry shaping and pruning method comprises the following steps that S1, pruning is conducted, specifically, blueberry trees are pruned before the middle ten days of July, and unnecessary branches are pruned; s2, truncating: truncating the blueberries under different conditions to improve the later growth of the blueberries; s3, protection: uniformly smearing the trimmed branches with a protection solution by using an auxiliary tool; s4, after-treatment: supplying water and fertilizer to the trimmed branches to promote the growth of the branches. According to the method, the ventilation and light transmission effects of blueberries are improved, the yield and quality of the blueberries are greatly improved, in the pruning process, the wounds of the branches can be evenly smeared with protection liquid according to the thickness condition of the blueberry branches, the step of smearing the protection liquid does not need to be additionally added, and the cost is reduced. The workload of searching for trimmed branches and smearing the trimmed surfaces in the later period is effectively reduced, and the trimming protection work efficiency is improved by 50% or above.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of blueberry cultivation, and in particular to a blueberry shaping and pruning method and an auxiliary tool. Background Art

[0002] Blueberry is a perennial deciduous shrub belonging to the genus Vaccinium of the family Ericaceae. Its fruit is rich in anthocyanins, flavonoids, vitamins and other functional ingredients. It has the effects of improving immunity, delaying aging, protecting eyesight, enhancing heart function, preventing cardiovascular diseases and anti-tumor. It is deeply loved by consumers and its price remains high. In recent years, in order to meet consumer demand, the area of ​​blueberry cultivation has been expanding year by year. Pruning technology, as the core of cultivation technology, determines the yield and quality of blueberries. Appropriate pruning methods and auxiliary tools can effectively improve the yield and quality of blueberries.

[0003] In the prior art, when pruning blueberries, in order to promote wound healing of branches, a protective liquid is often applied to the surface of the branches. However, pruning and protective treatment need to be performed separately, which makes the protective treatment after pruning more complicated. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention aims at the problem that the prior art is too single and provides a solution that is significantly different from the prior art. The embodiment of the present invention provides a blueberry shaping and pruning method and auxiliary tools to solve the problem that the existing blueberry pruning technology is insufficient and the additional application of protective liquid is required after pruning.

[0005] The embodiment of the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a blueberry shaping and pruning method, comprising the following steps: S1. Pruning stage: The pruning time for blueberry trees is before mid-July, and unnecessary branches are pruned. S2, truncation stage: truncation of blueberries under different conditions to improve their later growth; S3, protection stage: use auxiliary tools to evenly apply protective liquid to the pruned branches; S4, post-processing stage: supply water and fertilizer to the pruned plants to promote branch growth.

[0006] When pruning blueberry nursery plants, use auxiliary tools to prune fruit-bearing branches, weak branches, and diseased branches in turn to reduce nutrient consumption, and then shorten them. When pruning, shorten the length by at least half, retain 3-4 buds, and leave 3-4 main stems. If there are only 2 main stems, keep the thick branches on the top. After pruning, apply growth fertilizer within 3-5 days to promote its growth, and prevent and control pests and diseases such as leaf rollers, thrips, and aphids during the growth period of new shoots.

[0007] When pruning blueberry potted plants at home, use auxiliary tools to use light pruning to cut off the weak branches at the bottom and the branches that have borne fruit. There are two types of shortening: pulling branches and not pulling branches. When pulling branches, the first-level branches are flattened to the surroundings, and one-third of the side buds growing upward on the first-level branches are cut off; when not pulling branches, the top of the whole plant is cut off. Under high temperature conditions, it is appropriate to keep one branch unpruned. When other side buds emerge, prune the remaining branch. During the pruning process, keep the shape of high in the middle and low around, and control water before pruning.

[0008] During the S1 and S2 stages, use auxiliary tools to prune branches growing toward the inside of the plant, prune branches and leaves within 10-15 cm from the root of the main trunk, prune branches and leaves within 10 cm from the base of the first-level branches, and prune branches and leaves within 5 cm from the base of the second-level branches to ensure ventilation and light transmission inside the plant and promote the growth of buds of the entire plant.

[0009] The protective solution in step S3 is composed of water, polyvinyl alcohol, lime-sulfur mixture, pure acrylic emulsion, tree wax, antibiotics and vegetable oil.

[0010] Furthermore, an auxiliary tool for a blueberry shaping and pruning method includes a handle and a connecting rod, a rotating shaft is arranged between the connecting rods, and is characterized in that it also includes a pruning head for shearing branches, an automatic coating mechanism for surface treatment of the pruned branches, and a regulating mechanism for adjusting the liquid output of the automatic coating mechanism, the pruning head is divided into a first blade head and a second blade head, the first blade head and the second blade head are hollow, and the automatic coating mechanism is arranged on the inner side surfaces of the first blade head and the second blade head.

[0011] Furthermore, the automatic application mechanism includes a plurality of matching grooves, which are arranged on the trimming surfaces of the first blade head and the second blade head. A plurality of liquid seepage holes are arranged in the matching grooves, and a plurality of brushes are arranged in the matching grooves. The brushes are staggered with the liquid seepage holes, and the length of the brushes is greater than the depth of the matching grooves.

[0012] Furthermore, the regulating mechanism includes a spray pot assembly, which is arranged between two handles, a fixed plate is provided in the spray pot head of the spray pot assembly, a mating head is provided on the spray pot head, the mating head is in contact with the upper handle, a regulating plate is provided at the bottom of the mating head, a connecting spring is provided between the regulating plate and the fixed plate, the spray pot head is connected to the first cutter head and the second cutter head through a connecting pipe, a regulating box is provided on the handle, an infusion tube is provided between the regulating box and the spray pot head, and the infusion tube is located between the fixed plate and the regulating plate, an extrusion plate is provided in the regulating box, and a threaded head is provided on one side of the extrusion plate.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: Through the automatic liquid discharging mechanism, when pruning with pruning shears, protective liquid can be applied to the shearing surface of the pruned branches, so that pruning protection can be completed at one time. In the existing technology, the protective liquid is applied to the shearing surfaces of the branches one by one after pruning is completed, and blueberry branches are generally relatively thin, which makes the application work cumbersome and the application effect poor. During the operation of the auxiliary tool of the present invention, no additional actions are required, and the application of protective liquid can be completed by simply pressing the action during pruning. At the same time, the automatic liquid discharging mechanism will only discharge liquid when the scissors are pruning, and will not discharge liquid when not pruning, avoiding waste of protective liquid and dirtying the environment around the scissors; At the same time, a matching groove is provided on the trimming surface of the scissors and a brush is arranged in the matching groove. The matching groove is provided because the trimming surface of the scissors and the shearing surface of the branch are closely fitted during pruning. If the matching groove is not provided, even if there is protective liquid on the trimming surface, it will be scraped off by the shearing surface of the branch during pruning, resulting in a large amount of protective liquid accumulating on the outer surface of the branch while the shearing surface of the branch is not coated with the protective liquid. After the matching groove is installed, the protective liquid exists on the brush in the matching groove, so that the protective liquid can be effectively coated on the shearing surface of the branch during pruning, ensuring the coating effect; Secondly, during the use process, the auxiliary tool will be used to prune blueberries of two different cultivation methods. When blueberries are cultivated in pots, the branches of blueberries are generally thinner and relatively easy to prune. For blueberries grown in batches such as nurseries, the branches of blueberries are generally thicker. For this reason, the amount of protective liquid output needs to be regulated; In summary, the tool can be used to apply protective liquid to the cut surface of the branch while pruning the branch, so that there is no need to add the additional step of applying protective liquid, which effectively reduces the workload of pruning and improves work efficiency by more than 50%. At the same time, when applying the protective liquid, it can be ensured that it can be evenly applied to the cut surface of the branch to ensure the application effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods or technical solutions of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the description of the specific implementation methods or technical solutions will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention from the first perspective; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the main body of the present invention from a second viewing angle; Figure 3It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the automatic applying mechanism and the regulating mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 The enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the control mechanism of the present invention.

[0016] Reference numerals: 1. Handle; 11. Connecting rod; 12. First cutting head; 13. Second cutting head; 2. Control mechanism; 21. Connecting tube; 22. Fixing plate; 23. Control plate; 24. Matching head; 25. Infusion tube; 26. Threaded head; 27. Extrusion plate; 28. Control box; 29. ​​Spray can assembly; 210. Spray can head; 3. Automatic smearing mechanism; 31. Matching groove; 32. Brush; 33. Seepage hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0018] The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and shown in the drawings herein may be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention.

[0019] Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making any creative work shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0022] Combine the following Figures 1 to 5 The embodiment of the present invention provides a blueberry shaping and pruning method, comprising the following steps: S1. Pruning stage: The pruning time for blueberry trees is before mid-July, and unnecessary branches are pruned; S2, truncation stage: truncation of blueberries under different conditions to improve their later growth; S3, protection stage: use auxiliary tools to evenly apply protective liquid to the shear surface of the pruned branches; S4. Post-processing stage: Supply water and fertilizer to the pruned plants to promote branch growth. Control watering appropriately during the fruit-bearing period. Water frequently with small amounts of water in the early fruit-swelling period to promote fruit enlargement. Control watering in the later period to avoid excessive water when the fruit is ripe, which will cause the fruit to fall off or rot, affecting the fruit quality.

[0023] When blueberry fruits enter the coloring period and the vegetative growth enters the vigorous period, it is easy for large branches and new shoots to grow too long and multiple new shoots to grow at the base. For large branches and new shoots, they are cut short to 1 / 2-1 / 3 to control the growth and sprout secondary new shoots, and expand the crown; for the new branches at the base, all the branches inside the main branch are cut off, and the weak branches outside the main branch are removed and the strong branches are kept. Strong branches are cut short or pinched in time according to their height. Blueberry pruning can not only stabilize and ensure the yield and quality of the year, but also lay the foundation for pruning during the growing season, flower bud differentiation in autumn, and the yield and quality of the second year.

[0024] When pruning blueberry nursery plants, use auxiliary tools to prune fruit-bearing branches, weak branches, and diseased branches in turn to reduce nutrient consumption, and then shorten them. When pruning, shorten the length by at least half, retain 3-4 buds, and leave 3-4 main stems. If there are only 2 main stems, keep the thick branches on the top. After pruning, apply growth fertilizer within 3-5 days to promote its growth, and prevent and control pests and diseases such as leaf rollers, thrips, and aphids during the growth period of new shoots.

[0025] When pruning blueberry potted plants at home, use auxiliary tools to use light pruning to cut off the thin and weak branches at the bottom and the branches that have finished bearing fruit. Truncation is divided into pulling branches and not pulling branches. When pulling branches, the first-level branches are flattened to the surroundings, and the side buds growing upward on the first-level branches are cut off by one-third. When not pulling branches, the top of the whole plant is cut off. Under high temperature conditions, it is appropriate to keep one branch without pruning. When other side buds are sent out, the retained branch is pruned. During the pruning process, keep the shape of the middle high and the surrounding low, so that the tree shape will be more rounded next year, and its fruits will also be layered, with one layer at the top, one layer in the middle, and one layer at the bottom. Water control should be carried out before pruning, because after pruning, a wound flow will be caused. If the water content of the pot soil is too high, it will infect the branches. It is necessary to avoid rain in an open-air environment. If there is a lot of rain, it is easy to cause root rot. Because blueberries have no taproots, all roots are capillary roots, and the water absorption capacity is insufficient in the summer rainy season.

[0026] During the S1 and S2 stages, use auxiliary tools to prune branches growing toward the inside of the plant, prune branches and leaves within 10-15 cm from the root of the main trunk, prune branches and leaves within 10 cm from the base of the first-level branches, and prune branches and leaves within 5 cm from the base of the second-level branches to ensure ventilation and light transmission inside the plant and promote the growth of buds of the entire plant.

[0027] The budding of blueberry leaf buds is later than that of flower buds. Leaf buds begin to germinate when the top flower buds bloom, new shoots begin to grow during the flowering period, and new shoots also enter a rapid growth period during the fruit expansion period. Therefore, the main tasks of pruning during the fruiting period are fruit thinning, short cutting and pinching of new shoots.

[0028] The protective liquid in step S3 is composed of water, polyvinyl alcohol, lime-sulfur mixture, pure acrylic emulsion, wax, antibiotics and vegetable oil, wherein the weight proportion of each component is water: 78-89%, polyvinyl alcohol: 2-5%, lime-sulfur mixture: 1-2%, pure acrylic emulsion: 3-5%, wax: 1-3%, antibiotics: 1-2%, vegetable oil: 3-5%. Polyvinyl alcohol helps to form a protective film on the surface of plants, lime-sulfur mixture and antibiotics are used for sterilization, insecticide and mite killing, pure acrylic emulsion is used to enhance the film-forming effect and improve the durability of the coating, and water, wax and vegetable oil play the role of solvent, wetting agent, thickener or stabilizer.

[0029] Preparation of protective solution: Preparation stage: Ensure that all raw materials are fresh and meet quality standards, and prepare mixing equipment such as mixers, containers, thermometers, etc.

[0030] Mixing steps: Water preparation: Heat the water to an appropriate temperature to facilitate the dissolution of other ingredients.

[0031] Dissolution of polyvinyl alcohol: Gradually add polyvinyl alcohol into warm water and stir continuously until completely dissolved.

[0032] Addition of lime-sulfur mixture: After the polyvinyl alcohol is dissolved, slowly add the lime-sulfur mixture and continue stirring.

[0033] Mixing of pure acrylic emulsion: Gradually add pure acrylic emulsion into the mixture and continue stirring.

[0034] Addition of wax, antibiotics and vegetable oil: Heat the wax and vegetable oil until they are melted, add them into the mixture and keep stirring.

[0035] Post-processing: After all ingredients are added, continue stirring to ensure uniform mixing. If the mixture is too thick or too thin, the amount of water or the proportion of other ingredients can be appropriately adjusted as needed, and parameters such as pH value and viscosity can be checked. The evenly mixed protective liquid is poured into the spray bottle assembly 29 and stored for later use.

[0036] The present invention also provides an auxiliary tool for a blueberry shaping and pruning method, comprising a handle 1 and a connecting rod 11, a rotating shaft is arranged between the connecting rods 11, and also comprising a pruning head for shearing branches, an automatic coating mechanism 3 for surface treatment of the pruned branches, and a regulating mechanism 2 for adjusting the liquid output of the automatic coating mechanism 3. The pruning head is divided into a first blade head 12 and a second blade head 13, the first blade head 12 and the second blade head 13 are hollow inside, and the automatic coating mechanism 3 is arranged on the inner side of the first blade head 12 and the second blade head 13.

[0037] The automatic smearing mechanism includes a plurality of matching grooves 31, and the matching grooves 31 are opened on the trimming surfaces of the first blade head 12 and the second blade head 13. A plurality of liquid seepage holes 33 are opened in the matching grooves 31, and a plurality of brushes 32 are arranged in the matching grooves 31. The brushes 32 are staggered with the liquid seepage holes 33, and the length of the brushes 32 is greater than the depth of the matching grooves 31.

[0038] The regulating mechanism 2 includes a spray pot assembly 29, which is arranged between the two handles 1. A fixed plate 22 is provided in the spray pot head 210 of the spray pot assembly 29. A matching head 24 is provided on the spray pot head 210, and the matching head 24 is in contact with the upper handle 1. A regulating plate 23 is provided at the bottom of the matching head 24. A connecting spring is provided between the regulating plate 23 and the fixed plate 29. The spray pot head 210 is connected to the first cutter head 12 and the second cutter head 13 through a connecting pipe. A regulating box 28 is provided on the handle 1. An infusion tube 25 is provided between the regulating box 28 and the spray pot head 210, and the infusion tube 25 is located between the fixed plate 22 and the regulating plate 23. An extrusion plate 27 is provided in the regulating box 28, and a threaded head 26 is provided on one side of the extrusion plate 27.

[0039] Working principle: When using this auxiliary tool to prune branches, the operating principle is the same as that of traditional pruning knives. The handle 1 is pressed to drive the pruning knives to change position through the connecting rod 11, and then the shearing force of the first blade head 12 and the second blade head 13 is used to complete the pruning of the branches. In the pruning process, the blueberry branches that need to be pruned are rotated by the threaded head 26. Since there is a threaded connection between the threaded head 26 and the regulating box 28, it can play a limiting role, and the extrusion plate 27 and the regulating box 28 are sealed and connected, thereby driving the extrusion plate 27 to move. In the process of displacement of the extrusion plate 27, the liquid in the regulating box 28 will enter between the regulating plate 23 and the fixed plate 22 through the infusion tube, thereby achieving the effect of controlling the movable distance of the matching head 24. When the spray pot assembly 29 is squeezed at the same time by the handle, the matching head 24 will be squeezed first. The head 24 is moved until the matching head 24 squeezes the internal liquid to the point that it cannot move. At this time, the spraying pot head 210 of the spraying pot assembly 29 will start to move, so that the displacement of the handle 1 is actually distributed by the displacement of the spraying pot head 210 and the displacement of the matching head 24, resulting in different movement amounts of the spraying pot head 210 on the same squeezed handle 1, thereby achieving the effect of regulating the extrusion amount. The squeezed protective liquid enters the first blade head 12 and the second blade head 13 through the connecting pipe 21, and seeps out from the seepage holes 33 of the first blade head 12 and the second blade head 13 onto the brush 32. During pruning, since the matching groove 31 is on the inner side of the shearing surface of the first blade head 12 and the second blade head 13, after shearing, the brush 32 will contact the shearing surface, thereby completing the automatic painting of the shearing surface of the branch. Compared with painting after pruning, it can effectively reduce the workload of finding the pruned branches and painting the shearing surface in the later stage.

[0040] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A blueberry shaping and pruning method, comprising the following steps: S1. Pruning: The pruning time for blueberry trees is before mid-July, and unnecessary branches should be pruned; S2. Truncation: Truncation is performed on blueberries according to different conditions to improve their later growth; S3. Protection: Use auxiliary tools to evenly apply protective liquid to the pruned branches; S4. Post-processing: Supply water and fertilizer to the branches after pruning to promote branch growth.

2. A blueberry shaping and pruning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When pruning blueberry nursery plants, use auxiliary tools to prune fruit-bearing branches, diseased branches, and weak branches in turn to reduce nutrient consumption, and then shorten them. When pruning is completed, apply growth fertilizer 3-5 days later to promote their growth. During the growth period of new shoots, prevent and control pests and diseases such as leaf rollers, thrips, and aphids.

3. A blueberry shaping and pruning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When pruning blueberry home potted plants with auxiliary tools, use light pruning to cut off the thin branches at the bottom and the branches that have borne fruit, and then shorten them. During the pruning process, keep the shape of high in the middle and low around, and control water before pruning.

4. A blueberry shaping and pruning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the S1 and S2 stages, use auxiliary tools to prune branches that grow toward the inside of the plant, prune branches and leaves within 10-15 cm from the root of the main trunk, prune branches and leaves within 10 cm from the base of the first-level branches, and prune branches and leaves within 5 cm from the base of the second-level branches to ensure ventilation and light transmission inside the plant and promote the growth of buds of the entire plant.

5. A blueberry shaping and pruning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective solution in step S3 is composed of water, polyvinyl alcohol, lime-sulfur mixture, pure acrylic emulsion, tree wax, antibiotics and vegetable oil.

6. An auxiliary tool for use in a blueberry shaping and pruning method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising a handle (1) and a connecting rod (11), wherein a rotating shaft is arranged between the connecting rods (11), characterized in that: It also comprises a pruning head for shearing branches, an automatic coating mechanism (3) for surface treatment of pruned branches, and a control mechanism (2) for adjusting the amount of liquid discharged by the automatic coating mechanism (3); the pruning head is divided into a first blade head (12) and a second blade head (13); the first blade head (12) and the second blade head (13) are hollow inside, and the automatic coating mechanism (3) is arranged on the inner side surfaces of the first blade head (12) and the second blade head (13).

7. A blueberry shaping and pruning auxiliary tool according to claim 6, characterized in that: The automatic smearing mechanism (3) comprises a plurality of matching grooves (31), the matching grooves (31) being provided on the trimming surfaces of the first blade head (12) and the second blade head (13), the matching grooves (31) being provided with a plurality of liquid seepage holes (33), and the matching grooves (31) being provided with a plurality of brushes (32), the brushes (32) being staggered with the liquid seepage holes (33), and the length of the brushes (32) being greater than the depth of the matching grooves (31).

8. The blueberry shaping and pruning auxiliary tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: The regulating mechanism (2) comprises a spray pot assembly (29), wherein the spray pot assembly (29) is arranged between two handles (1), a fixing plate (22) is arranged inside a spray pot head (210) of the spray pot assembly (29), a matching head (24) is arranged on the spray pot head (210), the matching head (24) is in contact with one of the handles (1), a regulating plate (23) is arranged at the bottom of the matching head (24), and a A connecting spring is provided, the spray pot head (210) is connected to the first cutting head (12) and the second cutting head (13) via a connecting pipe, a regulating box (28) is provided on the handle (1), an infusion tube (25) is provided between the regulating box (28) and the spray pot head (210), and the infusion tube (25) is located between the fixing plate (22) and the regulating plate (23), an extrusion plate (27) is provided in the regulating box (28), and a threaded head (26) is provided on one side of the extrusion plate (27).

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