Efficient gear milling machining method for herringbone gear

Abstract

The invention relates to an efficient gear milling machining method for a herringbone gear. According to the method, a general numerical control milling machine is adopted, parameters of rough milling, semi-finish milling, back gouging and finish milling are determined through calculation, a general cutter is adopted for rapid rough milling, a hard alloy milling cutter is adopted for inclined cutting profiling semi-finish milling and finish milling, and the milling efficiency is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a high-efficiency milling method for herringbone gears, and belongs to the technical field of gear processing. Background Art

[0002] It is not possible to use efficient processing methods such as hobbing and grinding for herringbone gears with small undercuts. The currently widely used gear planing and combing processes are inefficient and require customized forming tools, resulting in high production costs for small batches. Traditional CNC gear milling processes either require customized forming finger milling cutters, which have high tool costs and low efficiency, or use automatic programming and surface processing programs for milling, which have complex milling tool paths and long processing times, and also require the purchase of automatic programming software. Neither of them is suitable for the efficient processing of multi-variety, small-batch herringbone gears with small undercuts. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical content to be solved by the present invention is: using a universal CNC milling machine, determining the parameters of rough milling, semi-finishing milling, root cleaning and finishing milling by calculation, using universal tools for rapid rough milling, and carbide milling cutters for oblique cutting and profiling semi-finishing milling and finishing milling, thereby greatly improving the milling efficiency.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems: the processing method of milling a herringbone gear with a small undercut groove of the present invention comprises the following specific steps: (1) Calculate and determine the tool parameters required for one-step rough milling: tool diameter and multi-tool processing plan, compile rough milling program, and efficiently remove material by rough milling; (2) Calculate the tool parameters for semi-finishing bevel milling: plan for multi-tool bevel semi-finishing milling, determine the parameters of the milling start and end points, compile the milling program, and perform efficient contour milling; (3) Calculate the tool parameters for root milling: determine the tool diameter and milling path for root milling, compile the milling program, and efficiently perform root milling; (4) Calculate the tool parameters for fine milling of gears: According to the gear accuracy requirements, calculate and determine the tool path for bevel milling, determine the number of milling times and the starting and ending points of each time, compile the milling program, and perform efficient contour milling.

[0005] Furthermore, in the step (1): the tool trajectory parameters are calculated, the processing equipment is selected as a CNC equipment, and it needs to be equipped with a rotating axis. The tooth profile is processed by the tool linear interpolation and the workpiece rotation linkage. It is necessary to calculate the parameters of the linear interpolation distance and the corresponding rotation linkage angle of the rotating axis, and then edit the macro program to realize the tool linear interpolation and the workpiece rotation linkage for tooth profile processing.

[0006] Furthermore, in step (1), the depth dimension of the machined tooth profile is calculated based on the tool diameter, while taking into account the reserved machining allowance.

[0007] Furthermore, in the step (1), the workpiece is clamped and corrected to the rotation center, and then the tool is subjected to rough machining of the herringbone tooth profile.

[0008] Furthermore, in the step (2): after the rough machining is completed, the tooth shape is semi-finished. The purpose of semi-finishing is to control the machining allowance, which is controlled at about 0.2 mm to prepare for the finishing. The semi-finishing is performed by calculating the parameters of the starting angle of the gear machining and the machining depth of the gear.

[0009] Furthermore, in the step (3): after completing the semi-finishing, the tooth profile is subjected to root cleaning. The purpose of root cleaning is to process the root of the tooth profile into place, and the size requirements are met by customizing the tool or by shifting the tool left or right.

[0010] The advantages of the present invention are: (1) providing an efficient milling process for herringbone gears with small undercut grooves, greatly improving the milling efficiency of herringbone gears; and (2) completing the gear milling process on general equipment, reducing the procurement cost of special equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of step (1) of the specific implementation method.

[0012] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of step (2) of the specific implementation method.

[0013] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of step (4) of the specific implementation method.

[0014] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of step (5) of the specific implementation method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The processing method for milling a herringbone gear with a small undercut groove of the present invention has the following key steps: (1) Calculation of tool trajectory parameters: The processing equipment should be CNC equipment, and it should also be equipped with a fourth axis, i.e., a rotary axis. The tooth profile can be processed by linear interpolation of the tool and the rotation linkage of the workpiece. The distance of the linear interpolation and the parameters of the corresponding rotation linkage angle of the rotary axis need to be calculated, and then the macro program can be edited to realize linear interpolation of the tool and the rotation linkage of the workpiece for tooth profile processing.

[0016] (2) Calculate the depth dimension of the machined tooth profile based on the tool diameter, while taking into account the reserved machining allowance.

[0017] (3) Clamp the workpiece and calibrate it to the center of rotation, then the tool can be used to perform rough machining of the herringbone tooth profile.

[0018] (4) After the rough machining is completed, the gear shape is semi-finished. The purpose of semi-finishing is to control the machining allowance, which is normally controlled at about 0.2mm, in preparation for finishing. The principle of semi-finishing is that the tool performs profiling, which requires accurate calculation of the parameters of the starting angle of gear machining and the depth of the gear to be machined.

[0019] The above figure shows that the processing is completed with 3 cuts. According to the requirements of the residual height of semi-finishing, the number of cuts can be increased, the residual height can be reduced, and the processing quality can be improved.

[0020] (5) After completing semi-finishing, the tooth profile needs to be cleaned. The purpose of root cleaning is to process the root of the tooth profile into place. The principle of root cleaning is the same as that of rough milling. Because the root width of gears with different modules is different, the tool can be customized or the size requirements can be met by shifting the tool left or right.

[0021] (6) The last step is fine milling. The purpose of fine milling is to make the gear meet the requirements of the drawing. The principle is the same as semi-fine milling.

[0022] The processing equipment of the present invention is a numerical control equipment, and it is required to have a rotating shaft with a rotary linkage cutting function. The present invention installs the workpiece on the rotating shaft, requires the center of the workpiece and the rotating shaft to be consistent, and processes the small backing groove herringbone gear according to the steps mentioned above.

Claims

1. A method for efficient milling of herringbone gears, characterized in that: Follow these steps: (1) Calculate and determine the tool parameters required for one-step rough milling: tool diameter and multi-tool processing plan, compile rough milling program, and efficiently remove material by rough milling; (2) Calculate the tool parameters for semi-finishing bevel milling: plan for multi-tool bevel semi-finishing milling, determine the parameters of the milling start and end points, compile the milling program, and perform efficient contour milling; (3) Calculate the tool parameters for root milling: determine the tool diameter and milling path for root milling, compile the milling program, and efficiently perform root milling; (4) Calculate the tool parameters for fine milling of gears: According to the gear accuracy requirements, calculate and determine the tool path for bevel milling, determine the number of milling times and the starting and ending points of each time, compile the milling program, and perform efficient contour milling.

2. The method for high-efficiency milling of herringbone gears according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (1): the tool trajectory parameters are calculated, the processing equipment is selected as a CNC equipment, and it needs to be equipped with a rotating axis. The tooth profile is processed by the tool linear interpolation and the workpiece rotation linkage. It is necessary to calculate the parameters of the linear interpolation distance and the corresponding rotation linkage angle of the rotary axis, and then edit the macro program to realize the tool linear interpolation and the workpiece rotation linkage for tooth profile processing.

3. The method for high-efficiency milling of herringbone gears according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), the depth dimension of the machined tooth profile is calculated based on the tool diameter, while taking into account the reserved machining allowance.

4. The method for high-efficiency milling of herringbone gears according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (1), the workpiece is clamped and corrected to the rotation center, and then the tool is used to perform rough processing of the herringbone tooth profile.

5. The method for high-efficiency milling of herringbone gears according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (2): after the rough machining is completed, the tooth shape is semi-finished. The purpose of semi-finishing is to control the machining allowance, which is controlled at about 0.2 mm to prepare for the finishing. The semi-finishing is performed by calculating the parameters of the starting angle of the gear machining and the machining depth of the gear.

6. The method for high-efficiency milling of herringbone gears according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (3): after completing the semi-finishing, the tooth profile is subjected to root cleaning. The purpose of root cleaning is to process the root of the tooth profile into place, and the size requirements are met by customizing the tool or by shifting the tool left or right.

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