Welding fixing device for preventing stress deformation of component

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of welding and fixing, and discloses a component stress deformation prevention welding and fixing device which comprises an operation platform, a V-shaped block, a steel pipe and flanges arranged at the two ends of the steel pipe. The fixing assembly comprises bases symmetrically arranged on the operation platform, vertical plates fixed to the bases, an inner cylinder rotationally arranged on the vertical plates and four sets of supporting components distributed in the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder at equal intervals, and each set of supporting component comprises an inner supporting block and an outer abutting block integrally arranged with the inner supporting block. The inner supporting blocks are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the end, making contact with the flange, of the steel pipe, and the outer abutting blocks are evenly distributed on the end face of the flange. According to the welding fixing device for preventing stress deformation of the component, the four sets of evenly-distributed supporting parts are arranged, so that the steel pipe and the flange can be evenly stressed in the circumferential direction, and the problems that the steel pipe and the flange deform due to the fact that stress is concentrated at a certain position are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of welding and fixing, and in particular to a welding and fixing device for preventing stress deformation of components. Background Art

[0002] In the construction and maintenance of modern industrial pipeline systems, the connection between flanges and steel pipes is a crucial link. The quality of the connection directly affects the sealing, stability and safety of the entire system. In the existing technology, right-angle blocks and V-blocks are usually used to externally fix flanges and steel pipes, and then argon arc welding is used to spot weld the joints between flanges and steel pipes to ensure the strength and durability of the connection.

[0003] The existing publication number CN114055071A discloses a clamp for welding iron pipes, comprising a base plate, a discharge port being provided at the central axis inside the base plate, partitions being fixedly connected to both the positive and negative ends of the top of the base plate, a pipe fitting being provided on the top of the base plate, a clamping device being provided on the outer surface of the pipe fitting, the clamping device comprising a supporting mechanism, a fixing sleeve being provided on the upper end of the supporting mechanism. Although the above technical scheme can squeeze the connecting block through the tension of the spring after the iron pipe is inserted, so that the connecting block drives the clamping sleeve to move down and reset through the pull rope, the iron pipe can be fixed and limited by the cross bar that cooperates with the clamping sleeve and the fixing sleeve, thereby completing the clamping of the iron pipe, which has the advantage of ensuring more accurate welding of the iron pipe.

[0004] However, in the prior art, in the traditional welding method, the right-angle block and the V-block can only fix the external structure of the flange and the steel pipe. When performing argon arc welding, due to local heating and cooling during the welding process, a temperature gradient will appear near the weld. When the welding head is spot welded, the geometric shape of the weld and the uneven thermal stress distribution in the heated area will cause an uneven stress state around the welding point. This uneven stress distribution is mainly concentrated at the edge of the weld and its surrounding areas, especially at the beginning and end of the welding. These areas experience different degrees of heating and cooling during the welding process, resulting in inconsistent local contraction and expansion, thereby causing welding deformation. The generation of stress deformation will affect the welding quality of the flange and the steel pipe. Specific problems include: decreased strength of the welded joint, cracking of the weld and other defects. Therefore, a new type of welding and fixing device for preventing stress deformation of components is needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a welding fixture for preventing stress deformation of components, so as to solve the problem that when the welding head is spot welded, the geometric shape of the weld and the uneven thermal stress distribution in the heated area will cause uneven stress state around the welding point.

[0006] The present invention provides a welding and fixing device for preventing stress deformation of a component, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A welding and fixing device for preventing stress deformation of a component, comprising an operating platform, a V-shaped block symmetrically arranged on the operating platform, a steel pipe placed on the V-shaped block, and flanges arranged at both ends of the steel pipe, wherein the operating platform is also symmetrically provided with fixing components for welding and fixing the steel pipe and the flange;

[0008] The fixing assembly comprises a base symmetrically arranged on the operating platform, a vertical plate fixed on the base, an inner cylinder rotatably arranged on the vertical plate, and four groups of supporting components equidistantly distributed along the circumference of the inner cylinder;

[0009] Each group of the supporting components includes an inner support block and an outer abutment block integrally arranged with the inner support block, the inner support blocks are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the end portion where the steel pipe and the flange are in contact, the outer abutment blocks are evenly distributed on the end surface of the flange, and are used to make the flange close to the two ends of the steel pipe, and the inner support block is also provided with a reaction force support plate for reversely abutting the welding seam between the steel pipe and the flange;

[0010] A control assembly for controlling the unfolding of four groups of supporting components is provided in the inner cylinder, and the control assembly includes a fixed block fixed in the inner cylinder, a threaded rod rotatably provided on the fixed block, a first screw sleeve threadedly sleeved on the threaded rod, a first hinged rod hinged between the inner support block and the first screw sleeve, and a second hinged rod rotatably provided between the inner support block and the fixed block, wherein the middle position of the first hinged rod and the middle position of the second hinged rod are hinged through a central axis.

[0011] Furthermore, the reaction support plate is integrally provided with a connection block, an inclined rod is fixed on the connection block, a roller is rotatably provided at the other end of the inclined rod, a movable groove is provided on the inner support block, a wedge block is slidably provided in the movable groove, and the roller is in sliding contact with the inclined surface of the wedge block;

[0012] The threaded rod is also provided with a second screw sleeve for controlling the wedge block to translate along the length direction of the movable groove.

[0013] Furthermore, the second screw sleeve is arranged on the threaded rod through a threaded sleeve, and a telescopic component is provided between the second screw sleeve and the wedge block.

[0014] Furthermore, the telescopic component includes a sleeve fixed on the second screw sleeve and a spline rod movably inserted in the sleeve, and the spline rod is fixedly connected to the corresponding wedge blocks respectively.

[0015] Furthermore, the inner cylinder is provided with an angle adjustment assembly, which includes a driven gear fixed on the inner cylinder and a driving gear meshing with the driven gear. The driving gear is rotatably connected to the vertical plate through a rotating shaft. A motor is fixedly mounted on the base, and a transmission component is provided between the output end shaft of the motor and the rotating shaft.

[0016] Furthermore, a slide groove is provided on the inner supporting block, a slider is slidably provided in the slide groove, and one end of the second hinged rod is hinged to the slider.

[0017] Furthermore, an oblique guide cylinder is integrally provided in the movable groove, and the oblique rod movably passes through the oblique guide cylinder.

[0018] Furthermore, the reaction support plate is provided with a plurality of groups of grooves, each group of the grooves is rotatably connected with a counter-rolling wheel via a rotating shaft, and the counter-rolling wheel is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the steel pipe and the flange.

[0019] Furthermore, a cavity is provided in the connection block, and a plurality of groups of heat-conducting columns evenly arranged in a vertical shape are fixed in the cavity, and the heat-conducting columns penetrate to the inner wall of the groove.

[0020] Furthermore, the operating platform is symmetrically provided with hydraulic push rods, the output ends of the hydraulic push rods are respectively fixed to the corresponding bases, and the operating platform is symmetrically provided with guide rails for guiding the bases.

[0021] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0022] 1. By setting up the fixing components, four groups of evenly distributed supporting components can stably support and position the steel pipe and flange from the inner wall, so that the axial lines of the steel pipe and flange completely overlap before welding. During welding, stress will be generated due to thermal expansion and contraction. The four groups of evenly distributed supporting components can make the steel pipe and flange evenly stressed in the circumferential direction, avoiding deformation of the steel pipe and flange due to stress concentration in a certain place. In addition, the reaction support plate is used to reversely abut the welding seam of the steel pipe and flange, which can effectively disperse the welding stress and avoid stress concentration at the weld, thereby reducing the deformation of the steel pipe and flange and improving the welding quality and structural stability.

[0023] 2. By providing a control component, the support component can be controlled to expand or contract under the hinged action of the first hinge rod and the second hinge rod. For the combination of steel pipes and flanges with different diameters and wall thicknesses, the positions of the inner support block and the outer abutment block can be adjusted to better adapt to their changes, thereby improving the adaptability of the support component and the reaction support plate when facing different working conditions.

[0024] 3. By providing an angle adjustment component, the support components and reaction support plates can be adjusted in real time during the welding process as the welding points move and the thermal stress changes. The angle adjustment component can provide key support and reaction support for the welding stress concentration area, effectively balance the welding stress, reduce weld deformation and residual stress, and ensure stable and reliable welding quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the V-shaped block, steel pipe, flange, fixing assembly and angle adjustment assembly of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the fixing assembly of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the three-dimensional structure of the inner cylinder of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the side structural section of the inner cylinder, inner supporting block, outer abutting block, reaction force support plate and control assembly of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the three-dimensional structure of the inner supporting block and the outer abutting block of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the reaction force support plate, the connecting block, the inclined rod and the roller of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the inner supporting block, the outer abutting block, the first hinge rod, the second hinge rod and the central axis of the present invention;

[0033] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the side structural section of the steel pipe, flange, inner support block, outer abutment block and reaction force support plate of the present invention;

[0034] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the wedge block, the second screw sleeve and the telescopic component of the present invention;

[0035] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the base, vertical plate, inner tube and angle adjustment assembly of the present invention;

[0036] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the side structural section of the reaction force support plate, the connecting block, the inclined rod and the roller of the present invention.

[0037] In the figure:

[0038] 1. Operating platform; 2. V-shaped block; 3. Steel pipe; 4. Flange; 5. Fixing assembly; 51. Base; 52. Vertical plate; 53. Inner cylinder; 531. Track; 54. Support component; 541. Inner support block; 5411. Slide groove; 5412. Sliding block; 5413. Movable groove; 5414. Oblique guide cylinder; 542. External abutment block; 55. Reaction support plate; 551. Groove; 552. Inverted wheel; 56. Connecting block; 561. Cavity; 562. Heat-conducting column; 57. Oblique rod; 58 , roller; 59, wedge block; 6, control assembly; 61, fixed block; 62, threaded rod; 621, rotating handle; 63, first screw sleeve; 64, first hinged rod; 65, second hinged rod; 66, center axis; 5411, slide groove; 67, second screw sleeve; 68, telescopic component; 681, sleeve; 682, spline rod; 7, angle adjustment assembly; 71, driven gear; 72, driving gear; 73, rotating shaft; 74, motor; 75, transmission component; 8, hydraulic push rod; 9, guide rail. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0040] Reference Figure 1-Figure 2 A welding and fixing device for preventing stress deformation of a component comprises an operating platform 1, V-shaped blocks 2 symmetrically arranged on the operating platform 1 for supporting and lifting, a steel pipe 3 placed on the V-shaped block 2, and flanges 4 arranged at both ends of the steel pipe 3.

[0041] The operating platform 1 is also symmetrically provided with hydraulic push rods 8, and the output ends of the hydraulic push rods 8 are respectively fixed to the corresponding bases 51. The operating platform 1 is also symmetrically provided with guide rails 9 for guiding the bases 51. Through the cooperation of the hydraulic push rods 8 and the guide rails 9, the distance between the two groups of fixed components 5 can be adjusted. It should be noted that a controller is also provided on the operating platform 1, and the hydraulic push rods 8 are electrically connected to the controller.

[0042] Reference Figure 2-Figure 4The operating platform 1 is also symmetrically provided with a fixing assembly 5 for welding and fixing the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4. Specifically, the fixing assembly 5 includes a base 51 symmetrically arranged on the operating platform 1, a vertical plate 52 fixed on the base 51, an inner cylinder 53 rotatably arranged on the vertical plate 52, and four groups of supporting components 54 distributed at equal distances along the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder 53. Each group of supporting components 54 includes an inner supporting block 541 and an outer abutting block 542 integrally provided with the inner supporting block 541. The inner supporting block 541 is evenly distributed on the inner wall of the end portion where the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4 are in contact, and the outer abutting block 542 is evenly distributed on the end portion of the flange 4. On the surface, it is used to make the flange 4 close to the two ends of the steel pipe 3. Through the joint action of the inner supporting block 541 and the outer abutting block 542, the inner walls of the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4 can be evenly supported and positioned from multiple points on the circumference, making it easier to ensure the concentricity and verticality of the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4, thereby improving the overall positioning accuracy and reducing deviations and misalignments during welding. Secondly, during the welding process, the inner supporting block 541 and the outer abutting block 542 are integrally arranged and evenly distributed, so that the supporting force on the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4 can be evenly distributed on the circumference, so that the thermal stress generated by welding can be more evenly dispersed, thus avoiding stress concentration.

[0043] Therefore, four groups of evenly distributed support components 54 can stably support and position the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4 from their inner walls, so that the axial lines of the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4 completely overlap before welding. During welding, stress will be generated due to thermal expansion and contraction. The four groups of evenly distributed support components 54 can make the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4 evenly stressed in the circumferential direction, avoiding deformation, warping, and even cracks in the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4 due to stress concentration in a certain place, thereby providing stable support and fixing for the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4, making the weld quality higher and the connection strength of the weld joint stronger.

[0044] Further, see Figure 4 A reaction support plate 55 is also provided on the inner support block 541 for reversely abutting the welding seam of the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4. During the welding process, the welding heat input will cause thermal stress and deformation of the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4. The reaction support plate 55 reversely abuts the welding seam of the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4, which can effectively disperse the welding stress and avoid stress concentration at the weld, thereby reducing the deformation of the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4 and improving the welding quality and structural stability.

[0045] Through the joint action of the movable groove 5413, the outer abutment block 542 and the reaction force support plate 55, the connection between the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4 is made more firm and reliable, thereby improving the overall strength and stability of the connection between the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4.

[0046] Reference Figure 4-Figure 6The inner cylinder 53 is provided with a control assembly 6 for controlling the expansion of the four groups of support components 54. Specifically, the control assembly 6 includes a fixed block 61 fixed in the inner cylinder 53, a threaded rod 62 rotatably arranged on the fixed block 61, a first screw sleeve 63 threadedly sleeved on the threaded rod 62, a first hinged rod 64 hinged between the inner support block 541 and the first screw sleeve 63, and a second hinged rod 65 rotatably arranged between the inner support block 541 and the fixed block 61. The middle position of the first hinged rod 64 and the middle position of the second hinged rod 65 are hinged through a central axis 66, wherein the inner wall of the inner cylinder 53 is uniformly provided with tracks 531 for the expansion or contraction of the support components 54 along the circumferential direction. It should be noted that one end of the threaded rod 62 is rotatably connected to the fixed block 61 through a bearing, and the threaded rod 62 is away from the end of the fixed block 61. It passes through the outside of the inner cylinder 53 and is fixed with a rotating handle 621. By rotating the rotating handle 621, the threaded rod 62 can be controlled to rotate. The threaded rod 62 is rotatably connected to the inner cylinder 53 through a bearing. The fixed block 61 is fixed at the center of the inner wall of the inner cylinder 53. When the threaded rod 62 rotates, the first screw sleeve 63 can be displaced along the length direction of the threaded rod 62. Under the hinged action of the first hinged rod 64 and the second hinged rod 65, the support component 54 is controlled to expand or contract. For the combination of steel pipes 3 and flanges 4 with different diameters and wall thicknesses, the positions of the inner support block 541 and the outer abutment block 542 can be adjusted to better adapt to their changes. However, when facing different working conditions, the right-angle blocks and clamps may need to frequently replace accessories of different specifications to meet the requirements, and their adaptability is poor.

[0047] A slide groove 5411 is provided on the inner support block 541, and a slider 5412 is slidably provided in the slide groove 5411. One end of the second hinged rod 65 is hinged to the slider 5412, wherein the other end of the second hinged rod 65 is hinged to the fixed block 61. Through the sliding cooperation of the slide groove 5411 and the slider 5412, the extension of the support component 54 and the reaction force support plate 55 is limited.

[0048] Further, see Figure 5-Figure 7The reaction support plate 55 is provided with a connecting block 56, and a diagonal rod 57 is fixed on the connecting block 56. The other end of the diagonal rod 57 is provided with a roller 58 through the rotation of the rotating shaft. The inner support block 541 is provided with a movable groove 5413, and a wedge block 59 is slidably provided in the movable groove 5413. The roller 58 is in sliding contact with the inclined surface of the wedge block 59. The sliding of the wedge block 59 abuts against the roller 58, and the diagonal rod 57 drives the connecting block 56 and the reaction support plate 55 to abut against the welding seam of the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4. The diagonal rod 57 provides the reaction support plate 55 with an oblique direction that points to the steel pipe 3. The component force in the direction of the welding seam of flange 4. When the wedge block 59 slides, the roller 58 rotatably arranged at the other end of the inclined rod 57 moves along the inclined surface of the wedge block 59. Since the inclined rod 57 and the reaction support plate 55 are rigidly connected through the connecting block 56, the inclined rod 57 will convert the horizontal displacement of the wedge block 59 into its own push-pull force along a specific oblique direction, and then transmit this force to the reaction support plate 55, so as to make it fit closely to the welding seam of steel pipe 3 and flange 4 and generate a reverse abutment force, which helps to resist the stress caused by the shrinkage of the weld during welding and maintain the stability of the welding area.

[0049] Reference Figure 8 An inclined guide cylinder 5414 is integrally provided in the movable groove 5413 , and the inclined rod 57 movably passes through the inclined guide cylinder 5414 . The inclined rod 57 can slide in the inclined guide cylinder 5414 , and the inclined guide cylinder 5414 plays a role in guiding and supporting the inclined rod 57 .

[0050] During the welding process, spot welding is generally performed unidirectionally from one side first. Unidirectional spot welding will cause welding stress to accumulate on that side, resulting in stress concentration, while the stress on the other side is relatively small, resulting in uneven stress distribution. Uneven stress will cause deformation of the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4, such as bending, twisting, warping, etc. The reverse abutment force provided by the reaction support plate 55 is used to apply a reverse force at the weld seam, which can effectively offset the deformation trend caused by the welding stress, reduce the deformation of the weldment, and improve the quality of the weldment.

[0051] Further, see Fig. 9 The threaded rod 62 is also provided with a second screw sleeve 67 for controlling the wedge block 59 to translate along the length direction of the movable groove 5413. The second screw sleeve 67 is arranged on the threaded rod 62 through a threaded sleeve. A telescopic component 68 is provided between the second screw sleeve 67 and the wedge block 59. Through the rotation of the threaded rod 62, the support component 54 can control the displacement of the second screw sleeve 67 along the length direction of the threaded rod 62 while expanding. During the movement of the second screw sleeve 67, the wedge block 59 is controlled to slide through the connection of the telescopic component 68, and the roller 58 moves along the inclined surface of the wedge block 59.

[0052] Specifically, refer to Fig.10The telescopic component 68 includes a sleeve 681 fixed on the second screw sleeve 67 and a spline rod 682 movably inserted in the sleeve 681. The spline rod 682 is fixedly connected to the corresponding wedge blocks 59 respectively. Under the telescopic cooperation of the sleeve 681 and the spline rod 682, when the support component 54 is expanded or contracted, the wedge block 59 can be expanded or contracted along with the support component 54, and the wedge block 59 will not be separated from the connection with the second screw sleeve 67.

[0053] During use, the controller is first used to control the hydraulic push rod 8 to start, so that the two sets of fixing components 5 are separated from each other. Then, the steel pipe 3 is placed on the V-block 2, and two flanges 4 that match the steel pipe 3 are selected. The flanges 4 are placed against the two ends of the steel pipe 3, and then the hydraulic push rod 8 is controlled to start again, so that the two sets of fixing components 5 are close to each other. During the process of the two sets of fixing components 5 being close to each other, the inner cylinder 53 is driven to be inserted into the two sets of flanges 4 respectively, and the inner cylinder 53 is also inserted into the two ends of the steel pipe 3. The outer abutment blocks 542 are evenly distributed on the end faces of the flanges 4. Then, the rotating handle 621 is rotated to make the threaded rod 6 2 rotates, and at the same time, the first screw sleeve 63 moves along the length direction of the threaded rod 62. Through the hinged cooperation of the first hinged rod 64 and the second hinged rod 65, the four groups of support components 54 distributed at equal distances along the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder 53 are synchronously expanded outwards. At this time, the inner supporting block 541 approaches the inner wall of the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4. Since the outer abutting block 542 is already distributed on the end surface of the flange 4, when the inner supporting block 541 approaches the inner wall of the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4, the outer abutting block 542 can also move synchronously along the end surface of the flange 4, thereby increasing the contact area with the flange 4 and realizing the clamping and fixing of the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4.

[0054] When the threaded rod 62 rotates, the second screw sleeve 67 can also move along the length direction of the threaded rod 62 through the cooperation of the sleeve 681 and the spline rod 682, so that the wedge block 59 can slide along the movable groove 5413. When the wedge block 59 slides, the roller 58 rotatably arranged at the other end of the inclined rod 57 moves along the inclined surface of the wedge block 59. Since the inclined rod 57 and the reaction support plate 55 are rigidly connected by the connecting block 56, the inclined rod 57 will convert the horizontal displacement of the wedge block 59 into its own push-pull force along a specific oblique direction, and then transmit this force to the reaction support plate 55, so that it fits tightly against the welding seam of the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4 and generates a reverse abutment force. At this time, reverse support is achieved at the welding seam of the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4. At this time, the staff can spot weld the connection seam of the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4 by argon arc welding, and spot weld the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4 as much as possible.

[0055] Reference Fig.11The inner cylinder 53 is provided with an angle adjustment assembly 7, which includes a driven gear 71 fixed on the inner cylinder 53 and a driving gear 72 meshing with the driven gear 71. The driving gear 72 is rotatably connected to the vertical plate 52 through a rotating shaft 73. A motor 74 is fixedly installed on the base 51. The motor 74 is electrically connected to the controller. A transmission component 75 is provided between the output end shaft of the motor 74 and the rotating shaft 73. The transmission component 75 includes a pulley and a conveyor belt. By starting the motor 74, the transmission component 75 transmits power to control the driving gear 72 to rotate with the rotating shaft 73 as the The center rotates, and then the driving gear 72 controls the driven gear 71 and the inner cylinder 53 to rotate, so that the support component 54 and the reaction support plate 55 rotate. This is because during the welding process, with the movement of the welding point and the change of thermal stress, the stress distribution between the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4 will also change. The position of the support component 54 and the reaction support plate 55 can be adjusted in real time through the angle adjustment component 7, and the welding stress concentration area is given key support and reaction support, which effectively balances the welding stress, reduces weld deformation and residual stress, and ensures stable and reliable welding quality.

[0056] During use, during welding, in order to adjust the position of the reaction support plate 55 as the welding point moves, the motor 74 is started and the transmission component 75 is used to rotate the driving gear 72 around the rotating shaft 73. Then, the inner cylinder 53 drives the support component 54 and the reaction support plate 55 to rotate through the engagement of the driving gear 72 and the driven gear 71, so that the position of the support component 54 and the reaction support plate 55 can be adjusted in real time, and the welding stress concentration area can be given key support and reaction support.

[0057] Further, see Fig.12The reaction support plate 55 is provided with a plurality of grooves 551, each of which is connected to a reverse wheel 552 by a rotating shaft, and the reverse wheel 552 is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4. As the reaction support plate 55 is supported by the inner wall of the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4, the reverse wheel 552 is in contact with the inner wall of the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4 during the rotation of the reaction support plate 55 along the inner wall of the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4, and the original sliding friction is converted into rolling friction. The rolling friction coefficient is much smaller than the sliding friction coefficient, thereby greatly reducing the friction between the reverse support plate and the inner wall. Friction makes the rotation smoother and reduces energy loss. Secondly, since thermal stress concentration is one of the important reasons for welding deformation, during the welding process, if the reaction support plate 55 is always in contact with the inner walls of the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4, the temperature of this part will be too high due to continuous heating, causing the material to produce greater thermal stress, which in turn causes local deformation. Therefore, by rotating and turning the flipping wheel 552, each side of the flipping wheel 552 is in contact with the inner wall in turn, so that the heat can be evenly dispersed, avoiding local overheating deformation and protecting the structural integrity of the flange 4 and the steel pipe 3.

[0058] In addition, a cavity 561 is opened in the connecting block 56, and a plurality of groups of heat-conducting columns 562 arranged evenly in a vertical shape are fixed in the cavity 561. The heat-conducting columns 562 penetrate the inner wall of the groove 551. When the side of the chamfering wheel 552 in contact with the inner walls of the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4 rotates to the bottom of the groove 551, the heat-conducting columns 562 can quickly transfer heat to the cavity 561, and dissipate heat by taking away the heat of the chamfering wheel 552, thereby effectively reducing the temperature of the welding area, avoiding local overheating, and reducing the generation and accumulation of thermal stress. It should be noted that the heat dissipation efficiency can be further improved by adding coolant in the cavity 561.

[0059] During use, since the chamfering wheel 552 is in sliding contact with the inner walls of the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4, when the reaction support plate 55 rotates under the control of the angle adjustment component 7, the chamfering wheel 552 can rotate and flip over, so that each surface of the chamfering wheel 552 contacts the inner wall in turn. When the contact surface between the chamfering wheel 552 and the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4 flips to the bottom of the groove 551, the heat of the chamfering wheel 552 can be transferred to the cavity 561 through the heat conducting column 562, thereby achieving heat dissipation of the chamfering wheel 552.

[0060] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A welding fixture for preventing stress deformation of a component, comprising an operating platform (1), a V-shaped block (2) symmetrically arranged on the operating platform (1), a steel pipe (3) placed on the V-shaped block (2), and flanges (4) arranged at both ends of the steel pipe (3), characterized in that: The operating platform (1) is also symmetrically provided with fixing components (5) for welding and fixing the steel pipe (3) and the flange (4); The fixing assembly (5) comprises a base (51) symmetrically arranged on the operating platform (1), a vertical plate (52) fixed on the base (51), an inner cylinder (53) rotatably arranged on the vertical plate (52), and four groups of supporting components (54) equidistantly distributed along the circumference of the inner cylinder (53); Each group of the supporting components (54) comprises an inner supporting block (541) and an outer abutting block (542) integrally arranged with the inner supporting block (541); the inner supporting blocks (541) are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the end portion where the steel pipe (3) and the flange (4) are in contact; the outer abutting blocks (542) are evenly distributed on the end surface of the flange (4) and are used to make the flange (4) close to the two ends of the steel pipe (3); and the inner supporting blocks (541) are also provided with a reaction force support plate (55) for reversely abutting the welding seam between the steel pipe (3) and the flange (4); A control assembly (6) for controlling the unfolding of the four groups of supporting components (54) is arranged in the inner cylinder (53), and the control assembly (6) comprises a fixed block (61) fixed in the inner cylinder (53), a threaded rod (62) rotatably arranged on the fixed block (61), a first screw sleeve (63) threadedly sleeved on the threaded rod (62), a first hinged rod (64) hinged between the inner supporting block (541) and the first screw sleeve (63), and a second hinged rod (65) rotatably arranged between the inner supporting block (541) and the fixed block (61), wherein the middle position of the first hinged rod (64) and the middle position of the second hinged rod (65) are hinged via a central axis (66).

2. The welding and fixing device for preventing stress deformation of components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaction force support plate (55) is integrally provided with a connection block (56), an inclined rod (57) is fixed on the connection block (56), a roller (58) is rotatably provided at the other end of the inclined rod (57), a movable groove (5413) is opened on the inner support block (541), a wedge block (59) is slidably provided in the movable groove (5413), and the roller (58) is in sliding contact with the inclined surface of the wedge block (59); The threaded rod (62) is also provided with a second screw sleeve (67) for controlling the wedge block (59) to translate along the length direction of the movable groove (5413).

3. The welding and fixing device for preventing stress deformation of a component according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second screw sleeve (67) is threadedly mounted on the threaded rod (62), and a telescopic component (68) is provided between the second screw sleeve (67) and the wedge block (59).

4. The welding and fixing device for preventing stress deformation of a component according to claim 3, characterized in that: The telescopic component (68) comprises a sleeve (681) fixed on the second screw sleeve (67) and a spline rod (682) movably inserted in the sleeve (681), and the spline rod (682) is fixedly connected to the corresponding wedge blocks (59) respectively.

5. The welding and fixing device for preventing stress deformation of components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner cylinder (53) is provided with an angle adjustment assembly (7), the angle adjustment assembly (7) comprising a driven gear (71) fixed on the inner cylinder (53) and a driving gear (72) meshing with the driven gear (71), the driving gear (72) being rotatably connected to the vertical plate (52) via a rotating shaft (73), a motor (74) being fixedly mounted on the base (51), and a transmission component (75) being provided between an output end shaft of the motor (74) and the rotating shaft (73).

6. The welding and fixing device for preventing stress deformation of a component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner support block (541) is provided with a slide groove (5411), a slider (5412) is slidably provided in the slide groove (5411), and one end of the second hinge rod (65) is hinged to the slider (5412).

7. The welding and fixing device for preventing stress deformation of a component according to claim 2, characterized in that: An oblique guide cylinder (5414) is integrally arranged in the movable groove (5413), and the oblique rod (57) movably passes through the oblique guide cylinder (5414).

8. The welding and fixing device for preventing stress deformation of a component according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reaction force support plate (55) is provided with a plurality of groups of grooves (551), each group of the grooves (551) is rotatably connected to a counter-rolling wheel (552) via a rotating shaft, and the counter-rolling wheel (552) is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the steel pipe (3) and the flange (4).

9. The welding and fixing device for preventing stress deformation of a component according to claim 2, characterized in that: A cavity (561) is provided in the connection block (56), and a plurality of groups of heat-conducting columns (562) evenly arranged in a vertical shape are fixed in the cavity (561), and the heat-conducting columns (562) penetrate the inner wall of the groove (551).

10. The welding and fixing device for preventing stress deformation of a component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The operating platform (1) is also symmetrically provided with hydraulic push rods (8), the output ends of the hydraulic push rods (8) are respectively fixed to the corresponding bases (51), and the operating platform (1) is also symmetrically provided with guide rails (9) for guiding the bases (51).

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