Electrochemical reaction device

Abstract

The present invention provides an electrochemical reaction apparatus, which comprises: a housing, which is internally provided with a plurality of independent accommodating cavities, and each accommodating cavity is internally provided with an electrolyte; the plurality of electrode groups are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of accommodating cavities, each electrode group comprises an anode structure and a cathode structure, two ends of each anode structure are respectively provided with a first inlet and a first outlet, and two ends of each cathode structure are respectively provided with a second inlet and a second outlet; each electrode group is internally provided with one isolation net, and each isolation net is located between the corresponding anode structure and the corresponding cathode structure in the corresponding electrode group; wherein the distance between the isolation net and the cathode structure is lc, the distance between the isolation net and the cathode structure is la, and the distance lc and the distance la meet the following formula: # imgabs0 #. According to the technical scheme, the problem that the operation cost is high due to the fact that an ion exchange membrane is adopted in an electrochemical reaction device in the related technology is effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of electrochemical technology, and in particular to an electrochemical reaction device. Background Art

[0002] Traditional industrial production processes often involve thermochemical processes, such as the Haber process in the synthetic ammonia industry, which requires high temperature and high pressure, consumes a lot of fossil energy, and is relatively dangerous. The electrochemical method can achieve a gentle replacement for industrial production processes such as synthetic ammonia. It breaks and reorganizes the chemical bonds of substances through the reaction of a gas-liquid two-phase mixture at the electrochemical reaction interface (i.e., the electrode surface), thereby achieving gentle production driven by electrical energy. The electrochemical method can also be combined with renewable energy generation to achieve green and clean production.

[0003] However, at present, electrochemical production systems such as synthetic ammonia mostly use expensive and unstable ion exchange membranes as electrolytes. Ion exchange membranes play the role of transmitting hydrogen ions (proton exchange membranes) or hydroxides (anion exchange membranes) and isolating the positive and negative electrodes. However, the presence of membrane materials causes a large membrane resistance, resulting in increased energy consumption; at the same time, the membrane's susceptibility to contamination and poor stability also lead to higher requirements for electrolyte treatment in the reaction system and faster performance degradation, increasing investment and operating costs. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide an electrochemical reaction device to solve the problem of high operating costs caused by using ion exchange membranes in electrochemical reaction devices in related technologies.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides an electrochemical reaction device, comprising: a shell, wherein the shell has a plurality of independent accommodating chambers, each accommodating chamber has an electrolyte; a plurality of electrode groups, wherein the plurality of electrode groups are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of accommodating chambers, each electrode group comprises an anode structure and a cathode structure, wherein the two ends of each anode structure are respectively provided with a first inlet and a first outlet, and the two ends of each cathode structure are respectively provided with a second inlet and a second outlet; a plurality of isolation nets, wherein an isolation net is arranged in each electrode group, and the isolation net is located between the anode structure and the cathode structure in one electrode group; wherein the distance between the isolation net and the cathode structure is lc, and the distance between the isolation net and the cathode structure is la, and the distance lc and the distance la satisfy the following formula: ε c The maximum operating current density i of the electrochemical reaction device is designed m The gas holdup parameters and ε of the corresponding cathode structure are a The maximum operating current density i of the electrochemical reaction device is designed m The gas holdup parameter of the corresponding anode structure is Z c , Za are the number of electrons transferred per molecule of reactant / product gas during reaction / generation for the cathode structure and the anode structure, respectively, V c , V a are the molar volumes of the reactant / product gases of the cathode structure and the anode structure, respectively, and L is the distance between the cathode structure and the anode structure, L = l a +l c .

[0006] Furthermore, the characteristic length h of the anode structure, the cathode structure and the isolation net in the gas-liquid flow direction satisfies the following formula:

[0007]

[0008] Among them, i m is the maximum operating current density designed for the electrochemical reaction device, η i is i m The corresponding current efficiency η, q is the liquid circulation rate, is the average velocity of the liquid.

[0009] Furthermore, the electrochemical reaction device also includes a plurality of first connecting tubes, a plurality of second connecting tubes, a plurality of third connecting tubes and a plurality of fourth connecting tubes, the plurality of first connecting tubes are connected one-to-one with the plurality of first inlets, the plurality of second connecting tubes are connected one-to-one with the plurality of first outlets, the plurality of third connecting tubes are connected one-to-one with the plurality of second inlets, and the plurality of fourth connecting tubes are connected one-to-one with the plurality of second outlets, wherein the plurality of first connecting tubes, the plurality of second connecting tubes, the plurality of third connecting tubes and the plurality of fourth connecting tubes can be selectively opened and closed.

[0010] Furthermore, the electrochemical reaction device also includes multiple first control valves, multiple second control valves, multiple third control valves and multiple fourth control valves. The multiple first control valves are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the multiple first connecting pipes, the multiple second control valves are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the multiple second connecting pipes, the multiple third control valves are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the multiple third connecting pipes, and the multiple fourth control valves are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the multiple fourth connecting pipes.

[0011] Furthermore, the Reynolds number of the electrolyte satisfies the following formula: Among them, Re m is the maximum value of the flow Reynolds number, Re c is the flow Reynolds number at the cathode structure, Re a is the flow Reynolds number at the anode structure, and ρ is the electrolyte density.

[0012] Furthermore, the isolation net is provided with a plurality of through holes arranged in an array.

[0013] Furthermore, the diameter d of the through hole is directly related to the bubble d g Directly satisfy the following formula: d = ad g ; Among them, 0.8≤a≤1.2.

[0014] Furthermore, the resistance coefficient of the electrolyte satisfies the following formula: Wherein, ρ is the density of the electrolyte, u0 is the speed of the electrolyte being transported in the first connecting tube, the second connecting tube, the third connecting tube and the fourth connecting tube, and u is the speed of the electrolyte when entering the containing cavity; is the average speed.

[0015] Furthermore, the electrochemical reaction device also includes a first throttling baffle and a second throttling baffle, the first throttling baffle is arranged at the top of the multiple accommodating chambers and has a first distance from the top surface of the accommodating chamber, the second throttling baffle is arranged at the bottom of the multiple accommodating chambers and has a second distance from the bottom surface of the accommodating chamber, and the first distance is equal to the second distance.

[0016] Furthermore, the electrochemical reaction device also includes a plurality of pole plates, which are arranged in the shell at intervals, and the plurality of pole plates divide the shell into a plurality of accommodating chambers.

[0017] According to the technical solution of the present invention, a plurality of independent accommodating chambers are provided in the shell, and each accommodating chamber contains electrolyte. A plurality of electrode groups are provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of accommodating chambers, and each electrode group includes an anode structure and a cathode structure. Each anode structure has a first inlet and a first outlet, and each cathode structure has a second inlet and a second outlet. An isolation net is provided in each electrode group, and each isolation net is located between the anode structure and the cathode structure. And the isolation net satisfies the following formula with the cathode structure and the anode structure: Through the above-mentioned arrangement, the shell seals multiple electrode groups, and the first inlet and the second inlet are both passed through the gas-liquid mixture, so that the gas content of the anode structure and the cathode structure in each independent accommodating cavity is consistent, and the laminar flow in each accommodating cavity is stable, and there will be no mixing. And under the calculation of the above-mentioned formula, the required distance is calculated, so that the reactants carrying the gas in the anode structure and the cathode structure are respectively restricted on both sides of the isolation net, and a stable vertical flow is formed, and the gas-liquid mixture flows on both sides of the anode structure and the cathode structure do not interfere with each other, so as to ensure that there is no gas mixing on both sides of the isolation net. In this way, the electrochemical reaction device does not need an ion exchange membrane, thereby reducing the operating cost of the electrochemical reaction device. Therefore, the technical solution of the present application effectively solves the problem of high operating costs caused by the use of ion exchange membranes in electrochemical reaction devices in related technologies. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an electrochemical reaction device according to the present invention is shown;

[0020] Figure 2 Shows Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a partial structure of an electrochemical reaction device;

[0021] Figure 3 Shows Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the isolation network of the electrochemical reaction device.

[0022] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0023] 10. Shell; 11. Accommodating chamber; 20. Electrode group; 21. Anode structure; 211. First inlet; 212. First outlet; 22. Cathode structure; 221. Second inlet; 222. Second outlet; 30. Isolation net; 31. Through hole; 41. First connecting pipe; 42. Second connecting pipe; 43. Third connecting pipe; 44. Fourth connecting pipe; 51. First control valve; 52. Second control valve; 53. Third control valve; 54. Fourth control valve; 61. First throttling baffle; 62. Second throttling baffle; 70. Plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0026] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​of the parts and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. Meanwhile, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The technology, method and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, method and equipment should be considered as a part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once a certain item is defined in an accompanying drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0027] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the electrochemical reaction device includes: a shell 10, a plurality of electrode groups 20 and a plurality of isolation nets 30. The shell 10 has a plurality of independent accommodating chambers 11, and each accommodating chamber 11 has an electrolyte. The plurality of electrode groups 20 are arranged one-to-one with the plurality of accommodating chambers 11, and each electrode group 20 includes an anode structure 21 and a cathode structure 22, and each anode structure 21 is provided with a first inlet 211 and a first outlet 212 at both ends, and each cathode structure 22 is provided with a second inlet 221 and a second outlet 222 at both ends. An isolation net 30 is provided in each electrode group 20, and the isolation net 30 is located between the anode structure 21 and the cathode structure 22 in one electrode group 20. Among them, the distance between the isolation net 30 and the cathode structure 22 is lc, and the distance between the isolation net 30 and the cathode structure 22 is la, and the distance lc and the distance la satisfy the following formula: ε c The maximum operating current density i of the electrochemical reaction device is designed m The corresponding gas holdup parameters of the cathode structure 22, ε a The maximum operating current density i of the electrochemical reaction device is designed m The corresponding gas holdup parameter of the anode structure 21 is Z c , Z a are the number of electrons transferred per molecule of reactant / product gas in cathode structure 22 and anode structure 21 respectively, V c , V a are the molar volumes of reactant / product gases of the cathode structure 22 and the anode structure 21, respectively, and L is the distance between the cathode structure 22 and the anode structure 21, L=l a +l c .

[0028] Applying the technical solution of this embodiment, a plurality of independent accommodating chambers 11 are provided in the shell 10, and each accommodating chamber 11 contains an electrolyte. A plurality of electrode groups 20 are provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of accommodating chambers 11, and each electrode group 20 includes an anode structure 21 and a cathode structure 22. Each anode structure 21 has a first inlet 211 and a first outlet 212, and each cathode structure 22 has a second inlet 221 and a second outlet 222. An isolation net 30 is provided in each electrode group 20, and each isolation net 30 is located between the anode structure 21 and the cathode structure 22. And the isolation net 30 satisfies the following formula with the cathode structure 22 and the anode structure 21: Through the above-mentioned arrangement, the shell 10 seals the multiple electrode groups 20, and the first inlet 211 and the second inlet 221 are both passed through the gas-liquid mixture, so that the gas content of the anode structure 21 and the cathode structure 22 in each independent accommodating cavity 11 is consistent, and the laminar flow in each accommodating cavity 11 flows stably without mixing. And under the calculation of the above-mentioned formula, the distance that meets the requirements is calculated, so that the reactants carrying the gas in the anode structure 21 and the cathode structure 22 are respectively restricted on both sides of the isolation net 30, and a stable vertical flow is formed, and the gas-liquid mixture flows on both sides of the anode structure 21 and the cathode structure 22 do not interfere with each other, so as to ensure that there is no gas mixing on both sides of the isolation net 30. In this way, the electrochemical reaction device does not need an ion exchange membrane, thereby reducing the operating cost of the electrochemical reaction device. Therefore, the technical solution of this embodiment effectively solves the problem of using ion exchange membranes in electrochemical reaction devices in related technologies, which leads to high operating costs.

[0029] Specifically, by accurately calculating and adjusting the distance between the anode structure 21 and the cathode structure 22, the device can effectively control the distribution of reactants and product gases, thereby improving the efficiency of the electrochemical reaction.

[0030] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the characteristic length h of the anode structure 21, the cathode structure 22 and the isolation net 30 in the gas-liquid flow direction satisfies the following formula:

[0031]

[0032] Among them, i m

[0033] is the maximum operating current density designed for the electrochemical reaction device, η i is i m The corresponding current efficiency η, q is the liquid circulation rate, is the average velocity of the liquid.

[0034] By controlling the characteristic length in the gas-liquid flow direction, the device can ensure that the flow state of the electrolyte in the electrode group is optimal, avoid turbulence and bubble aggregation, improve the utilization rate of reactants and the purity of products, and reduce energy consumption. It is particularly suitable for industrial production environments that require high efficiency and low energy consumption.

[0035] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the electrochemical reaction device also includes a plurality of first connecting tubes 41, a plurality of second connecting tubes 42, a plurality of third connecting tubes 43 and a plurality of fourth connecting tubes 44, the plurality of first connecting tubes 41 are respectively connected to the plurality of first inlets 211 in a one-to-one correspondence, the plurality of second connecting tubes 42 are respectively connected to the plurality of first outlets 212 in a one-to-one correspondence, the plurality of third connecting tubes 43 are respectively connected to the plurality of second inlets 221 in a one-to-one correspondence, and the plurality of fourth connecting tubes 44 are respectively connected to the plurality of second outlets 222 in a one-to-one correspondence, wherein the plurality of first connecting tubes 41, the plurality of second connecting tubes 42, the plurality of third connecting tubes 43 and the plurality of fourth connecting tubes 44 can be selectively opened and closed.

[0036] By setting a plurality of first connecting tubes 41, a plurality of second connecting tubes 42, a plurality of third connecting tubes 43, and a plurality of fourth connecting tubes 44 and controlling their opening and closing, the device can flexibly adjust the circulation path of the electrolyte, realize precise control of the reaction conditions, and is suitable for scenarios where the reaction parameters need to be dynamically adjusted. In an electrochemical reactor, when the current density changes, the circulation rate and distribution of the electrolyte can be dynamically optimized by adjusting the opening and closing states of the plurality of first connecting tubes 41, the plurality of second connecting tubes 42, the plurality of third connecting tubes 43, and the plurality of fourth connecting tubes 44, thereby maintaining the high efficiency and stability of the reaction.

[0037] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the electrochemical reaction device also includes a plurality of first control valves 51, a plurality of second control valves 52, a plurality of third control valves 53 and a plurality of fourth control valves 54. The plurality of first control valves 51 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of first connecting tubes 41, the plurality of second control valves 52 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of second connecting tubes 42, the plurality of third control valves 53 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of third connecting tubes 43, and the plurality of fourth control valves 54 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of fourth connecting tubes 44.

[0038] By setting a plurality of first control valves 51, a plurality of second control valves 52, a plurality of third control valves 53, and a plurality of fourth control valves 54, the device can accurately control the flow and pressure of the electrolyte to achieve refined management of the electrochemical reaction process. By adjusting the plurality of first control valves 51, a plurality of second control valves 52, a plurality of third control valves 53, and a plurality of fourth control valves 54, the reaction parameters can be fine-tuned to ensure accuracy and repeatability.

[0039] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the Reynolds number of the electrolyte satisfies the following formula:

[0040]

[0041] Among them, Re m is the maximum value of the flow Reynolds number, Re c is the flow Reynolds number at the cathode structure 22, Re a is the flow Reynolds number at the anode structure 21, and ρ is the electrolyte density.

[0042] By controlling the Reynolds number within a reasonable range, the device can avoid turbulence in the electrolyte flow, reduce energy loss, and improve the stability and efficiency of the reaction. This design is particularly suitable for electrochemical reactions that need to be carried out under stable flow conditions.

[0043] Specifically, Re m Not higher than 1200-1800. It varies with the size of the bubbles in the system gas. The larger the bubble, the smaller the Reynolds number should be. For example, when the average bubble diameter is 200 microns, Re m =1200; when the average bubble diameter is 30 microns, Re m =1800.

[0044] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the isolation net 30 is provided with a plurality of through holes 31 arranged in an array.

[0045] The through hole array 31 on the isolation net 30 can effectively disperse bubbles, prevent bubble aggregation from affecting the flow of electrolyte and the contact of electrodes, and improve the uniformity and efficiency of the reaction. It is suitable for electrochemical reaction scenarios where bubble aggregation needs to be prevented.

[0046] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the aperture d of the through hole 31 is directly proportional to the bubble d g Directly satisfy the following formula:

[0047] d=ad g ;

[0048] Among them, 0.8≤a≤1.2.

[0049] By optimizing the aperture of the through hole 31, the device can effectively control the size of the bubbles, avoid the formation of large-sized bubbles, and improve the flow efficiency of the electrolyte and the utilization rate of the reactants.

[0050] The isolation net 30 is a porous material, which can prevent bubbles from disturbing and interpenetrating under certain extreme conditions (such as vibration, local overheating). At the same time, due to the large pore size, it has almost no effect on the system resistance.

[0051] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the resistance coefficient of the electrolyte satisfies the following formula:

[0052]

[0053] Wherein, ρ is the density of the electrolyte, u0 is the speed of the electrolyte being transported in the first connecting tube 41, the second connecting tube 42, the third connecting tube 43 and the fourth connecting tube 44, and u is the speed of the electrolyte when entering the accommodating chamber 11; is the average speed.

[0054] By controlling the resistance coefficient of the electrolyte, the device can ensure the stability of the electrolyte pressure during the circulation process, avoid the influence of pressure fluctuations on the reaction, and improve the stability and safety of the reaction. This design is particularly suitable for electrochemical reactions that need to be carried out under stable pressure conditions.

[0055] That is, the gas and liquid passing through the isolation net 30 are mixed evenly, and at the same time, the movement state of the transported liquid is transformed into a laminar state to avoid gas mixing caused by turbulence.

[0056] Specifically, the isolation mesh 30 is arranged in parallel with the anode structure 21 and the cathode structure 22 .

[0057] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the electrochemical reaction device also includes a first throttling baffle 61 and a second throttling baffle 62. The first throttling baffle 61 is arranged at the top of the multiple accommodating chambers 11 and has a first distance from the top surface of the accommodating chamber 11. The second throttling baffle 62 is arranged at the bottom of the multiple accommodating chambers 11 and has a second distance from the bottom surface of the accommodating chamber 11. The first distance is equal to the second distance.

[0058] By setting the first throttling baffle 61 and the second throttling baffle 62, the device can further optimize the flow path of the electrolyte, reduce the turbulence of the electrolyte in the reaction chamber, improve the utilization rate of the reactants and the purity of the products, and reduce energy consumption. It is particularly suitable for industrial production environments that require large-scale electrochemical reactions under low energy consumption conditions.

[0059] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the electrochemical reaction device further includes a plurality of electrode plates 70 , which are disposed at intervals in the housing 10 , and the plurality of electrode plates 70 divide the housing 10 into a plurality of accommodating chambers 11 .

[0060] By setting up multiple plates 70, the device can divide the reaction space into multiple independent accommodating chambers 11, realize parallel reaction, and greatly improve the processing capacity and efficiency of electrochemical reaction. This design is particularly suitable for scenarios requiring large-scale processing, which can significantly improve reaction efficiency and reduce energy consumption and production costs.

[0061] Specifically, in this embodiment, there is a buffer area from the gas-liquid inlet of the electrochemical reaction device to before entering the electrode reaction area. Preferably, a flow limiting orifice is provided in this area.

[0062] The above electrochemical reaction device can ensure that the gases on both sides of the cathode and anode are not mixed when the reaction system is in the designed working current range without a membrane (ion exchange membrane).

[0063] The electrochemical reaction device also has the following characteristics: the electrolyte circulation of each minimum unit of the electrochemical reaction device can be realized independently. At the same time, each minimum unit is connected to the power supply in parallel, the cathode of each unit is connected to the negative pole of the power supply, and the anode is connected to the positive pole of the power supply. There are independent switches and independent voltage monitoring devices on the power supply circuit of each unit, which can realize independent unit power supply and voltage monitoring.

[0064] It should be noted that

[0065] 1. Under rated conditions. The design operating parameters of the electrochemical reaction device corresponding to the rated current are: electrolyte flow rate q, cathode and anode gas content ε c , ε a The design operating parameters are given by the reactor supplier or determined based on the test, and the system current efficiency should reach a better level. At the same time, the above parameters must meet the laminar flow requirements of the system to ensure that the anode and cathode gases do not mix with each other. Specifically:

[0066]

[0067] 2. Under low load conditions, considering that most reaction systems have the best current efficiency performance near the rated operating conditions, when the load deviates little from the rated load, the electrolyte flow rate q, the gas holdups ε c 、ε a of the cathode and anode can be appropriately adjusted according to the operating curve. The operating curve is given by the reactor supplier or determined through tests, and the system current efficiency should reach a better level. At the same time, the above parameters need to meet the laminar flow requirements of the system to ensure that the gases in the cathode and anode do not mix with each other. The specific relationship is the same as in 1. When the load deviates significantly from the rated load, the number of reaction units can be reduced, so that the operating state of each unit is closer to the rated value, improving the system efficiency.

[0068] Specifically:

[0069] 1) Determine the optimal operating range (a, b) (a and b are constants, representing the ratios of the lower and upper limits of the operable load and the rated load, such as 0.4 - 1.0; 0.5 - 1.1) of each unit according to the operating conditions of different reaction systems.

[0070] 2) For a certain load demand P (P = kPE, k = 0 - 1, PE is the rated load of the device) of the reaction device according to the determined unit operating range, the number of reaction units n is:

[0071] a) If P < aPE / N, n = 1, and it is determined whether to allow startup according to the actual situation of the device.

[0072] b) If aPE / N <= P <= bPE / N, n = 1;

[0073] c) If P > bPE / N:

[0074] (| represents rounding up)

[0075] At this time, the load allocated to each unit is: P / n. That is, the state of each reaction unit is the same.

[0076] The unit allocation method is: starting from the leftmost or rightmost end of the reaction device, arranging them in sequence, that is, making the reaction units as concentrated as possible. During long-term operation, the serial number of the starting unit can be rotated according to a certain time period (for example, marking the units from left to right as 1, 2,..., N, and the starting unit is 1 at the initial moment; after a certain time period T, the starting unit becomes N; at 2T, the starting unit becomes 2 (during the period from 2T to 3T, if the units from 2 to N are still not sufficient to meet the requirements, then unit 1 participates in the reaction; at 3T, the starting unit becomes N - 1, and so on).

[0077] The control system is used to control the reaction units participating in the reaction to be in the energized and electrolyte circulation state.

[0078] 3. Under high load conditions, all units participate in the reaction and the operating parameters are adjusted accordingly to meet the operating requirements.

[0079] The innovative points of the technical solution of this embodiment are as follows:

[0080] 1. An independently operated electrolyte circulation system is proposed, which can realize independent regulation of the gas-liquid mixture in each electrochemical reaction unit.

[0081] 2. An electrochemical reaction device compatible with an independent electrolyte circulation system is proposed, which can maintain the optimal reaction state under external fluctuating power input.

[0082] 3. Provides a specific adjustment method for fluctuating operation.

[0083] The electrochemical reaction device of this embodiment effectively improves the efficiency and stability of the electrochemical reaction by optimizing the distance between the anode structure 21 and the cathode structure 22, the aperture of the isolation net 30, and the flow parameters of the electrolyte. By accurately controlling key parameters such as gas content parameters, electron transfer number, and molar volume, it is ensured that the flow state of the electrolyte in the anode region and the cathode region reaches the best under the maximum working current density, thereby improving the current efficiency of the electrochemical reaction. At the same time, by setting the first throttling baffle 61 and the second throttling baffle 62, and controlling the resistance coefficient of the electrolyte, the flow of the electrolyte is further optimized, the aggregation of bubbles is avoided, the utilization rate of the reactants and the purity of the products are improved, the energy consumption is reduced, and the economic benefits in practical applications are improved.

[0084] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. The directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contours of each component itself.

[0085] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0086] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. If not otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0087] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electrochemical reaction device, characterized in that: include: A housing (10), wherein the housing (10) has a plurality of independent accommodating chambers (11), and each of the accommodating chambers (11) contains an electrolyte; A plurality of electrode groups (20), wherein the plurality of electrode groups (20) are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of accommodating cavities (11), each of the electrode groups (20) comprises an anode structure (21) and a cathode structure (22), each of the anode structures (21) is provided with a first inlet (211) and a first outlet (212) at two ends, and each of the cathode structures (22) is provided with a second inlet (221) and a second outlet (222) at two ends; a plurality of isolation nets (30), wherein each electrode group (20) is provided with one isolation net (30), and the isolation net (30) is located between the anode structure (21) and the cathode structure (22) in one electrode group (20); The distance between the isolation net (30) and the cathode structure (22) is l c The distance between the isolation net (30) and the cathode structure (22) is l a , the distance l c The distance l a Satisfies the following formula: Among them, ε c The maximum operating current density i of the electrochemical reaction device is designed m The corresponding gas holdup parameters of the cathode structure (22), ε a The maximum operating current density i of the electrochemical reaction device is designed m The corresponding gas holdup parameter of the anode structure (21) is Z c , Z a are the number of electrons transferred when each molecule of reactant / product gas of the cathode structure (22) and the anode structure (21) reacts / generates, V c , V a are the molar volumes of the reactant / product gases of the cathode structure (22) and the anode structure (21), respectively, L is the distance between the cathode structure (22) and the anode structure (21), L=i a +l c .

2. The electrochemical reaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The characteristic length h of the anode structure (21), the cathode structure (22) and the isolation net (30) in the gas-liquid flow direction satisfies the following formula: Among them, i m is the maximum operating current density designed for the electrochemical reaction device, η i is i m The corresponding current efficiency η, q is the liquid circulation rate, is the average velocity of the liquid.

3. The electrochemical reaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrochemical reaction device further comprises a plurality of first connecting tubes (41), a plurality of second connecting tubes (42), a plurality of third connecting tubes (43) and a plurality of fourth connecting tubes (44); the plurality of first connecting tubes (41) are respectively connected to the plurality of first inlets (211) in a one-to-one correspondence; the plurality of second connecting tubes (42) are respectively connected to the plurality of first outlets (212) in a one-to-one correspondence; the plurality of third connecting tubes (43) are respectively connected to the plurality of second inlets (221) in a one-to-one correspondence; the plurality of fourth connecting tubes (44) are respectively connected to the plurality of second outlets (222) in a one-to-one correspondence; wherein the plurality of first connecting tubes (41), the plurality of second connecting tubes (42), the plurality of third connecting tubes (43) and the plurality of fourth connecting tubes (44) can be selectively opened and closed.

4. The electrochemical reaction device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The electrochemical reaction device also includes a plurality of first control valves (51), a plurality of second control valves (52), a plurality of third control valves (53) and a plurality of fourth control valves (54); the plurality of first control valves (51) are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of first connecting pipes (41); the plurality of second control valves (52) are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of second connecting pipes (42); the plurality of third control valves (53) are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of third connecting pipes (43); and the plurality of fourth control valves (54) are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of fourth connecting pipes (44).

5. The electrochemical reaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Reynolds number of the electrolyte satisfies the following formula: Among them, Re m is the maximum value of the flow Reynolds number, Re c is the flow Reynolds number at the cathode structure (22), Re a is the flow Reynolds number at the anode structure (21), and ρ is the electrolyte density.

6. The electrochemical reaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The isolation net (30) is provided with a plurality of through holes (31) arranged in an array.

7. The electrochemical reaction device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The diameter d of the through hole (31) is directly proportional to the bubble diameter d g Directly satisfy the following formula: <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr">d=ad<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> g <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> ; Among them, 0.8≤a≤1.

2.

8. The electrochemical reaction device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The resistance coefficient of the electrolyte satisfies the following formula: Wherein, ρ is the density of the electrolyte, u0 is the speed of the electrolyte being transported in the first connecting tube (41), the second connecting tube (42), the third connecting tube (43) and the fourth connecting tube (44), and u is the speed of the electrolyte when entering the containing chamber (11); is the average speed.

9. The electrochemical reaction device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The electrochemical reaction device also includes a first throttling baffle (61) and a second throttling baffle (62), wherein the first throttling baffle (61) is arranged at the top of the plurality of accommodating chambers (11) and has a first distance from the top surface of the accommodating chambers (11), and the second throttling baffle (62) is arranged at the bottom of the plurality of accommodating chambers (11) and has a second distance from the bottom surface of the accommodating chamber (11), and the first distance is equal to the second distance.

10. The electrochemical reaction device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The electrochemical reaction device further comprises a plurality of electrode plates (70), wherein the plurality of electrode plates (70) are arranged in the shell (10) at intervals, and the plurality of electrode plates (70) divide the shell (10) into a plurality of accommodating chambers (11).

Images