Tunnel drainage device, system and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel drainage systems, and discloses a tunnel drainage device, system and method. The tunnel drainage device comprises a base assembly, a water pumping assembly and a drainage assembly, the output end of the water pumping assembly is connected to the input end of the drainage assembly through the base assembly, and the water pumping assembly utilizes the magnetization effect and the hydrodynamic principle to cooperate with the water head difference formed by the water pumping assembly and the drainage assembly; the liquid in the water pumping assembly is forced to flow towards the water drainage assembly to achieve water drainage, at the moment, an inner cavity of the water pumping assembly is in a vacuum state, the input end generates suction force to suck water into the inner cavity under the action of atmospheric pressure, and therefore the purposes of water pumping and water drainage are achieved. By means of the innovative design, the problems that existing drainage equipment is complex, high in cost, large in starting difficulty and the like are solved, and a more convenient, economical and green tunnel drainage solution is provided. The method is suitable for different hydrogeological conditions and tunnel engineering environments, and has high environmental adaptability and flexibility.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel drainage systems, and in particular, to a tunnel drainage device. In addition, the present invention also relates to a tunnel drainage system and method comprising the tunnel drainage device. Background Art

[0002] Drainage is a key link in tunnel engineering. Its main purpose is to prevent groundwater from infiltrating into the tunnel structure and construction area, and to avoid negative impacts on tunnel structure stability and construction safety.

[0003] Existing drainage methods usually set up collection wells and pumping stations in sections according to the scale of tunnel construction and engineering geological conditions, and then use mechanical water pumps to pump water out of the tunnel in stages. This drainage process requires a large amount of equipment and electricity resources.

[0004] In response to the problem of electricity energy consumption, some scholars have invented a new drainage method using the siphon principle in recent years. However, the drainage system based on the siphon principle still has the following shortcomings: the diameter of the siphon tube is small, and in order to meet the drainage requirements, dozens or even hundreds of siphon tubes are needed. The siphon tube is easily squeezed by multiple adjacent siphon tubes, which changes its placement height and direction. Therefore, the water pumping volume of different siphon tubes varies greatly, and after being in a stopped state, the conditions for restarting the siphon will be more stringent. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a tunnel drainage device, system and method, which have low power requirements, convenient and fast pumping and starting, and simple assembly, so as to solve the technical problems of the existing drainage equipment having complex structure, high manufacturing and use costs, and great difficulty in starting or restarting.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a tunnel drainage device, comprising a base assembly, a pumping assembly and a drainage assembly, wherein the output end of the pumping assembly is connected to the input end of the drainage assembly via the base assembly, and the pumping assembly utilizes magnetization and fluid dynamics principles, in conjunction with the head difference formed by the pumping assembly and the drainage assembly, to force the liquid in the pumping assembly to flow toward the drainage assembly to achieve drainage, and forces the liquid in the pumping assembly to flow toward the drainage assembly to achieve drainage. At this time, a vacuum state is formed in the inner cavity of the pumping assembly, and under the action of atmospheric pressure, suction is generated at the input end to draw water into the inner cavity, thereby achieving the purpose of pumping and draining water.

[0007] Furthermore, the pumping assembly includes a pumping pipe and a pumping magnetized power tube, the input end of the pumping pipe is used to be arranged at the target position to be pumped, and the output end of the pumping pipe is connected to the input end of the pumping magnetized power tube.

[0008] Furthermore, the water pumping magnetized power tube includes a non-magnetic outer tube, a magnetic inner tube, a first magnetic ring and a second magnetic ring. The magnetic inner tube can be slidably inserted into the inner cavity of the non-magnetic outer tube, and the first magnetic ring and the second magnetic ring are respectively sleeved outside the non-magnetic outer tube. The first magnetic ring and the second magnetic ring are arranged relatively movably.

[0009] Furthermore, a plurality of openings are evenly distributed on the tube wall of the magnetic inner tube, and the openings are arranged obliquely toward the output end of the magnetic inner tube on one side of the inner cavity of the magnetic inner tube.

[0010] Furthermore, the first magnetic ring and the second magnetic ring are arranged opposite to each other with the same poles; or one of the first magnetic ring and the second magnetic ring uses an electromagnet and the other uses a permanent magnet, and the direction of the current passed through the electromagnet is changed to change the magnetic pole of the electromagnet, thereby achieving relative proximity and relative distance between the first magnetic ring and the second magnetic ring.

[0011] Furthermore, a limiting device for limiting the movement range of the first magnetic ring and / or the second magnetic ring is arranged on the non-magnetic outer tube, and the limiting device adopts a first pipe clamp; the drainage assembly includes a drainage pipe, a second pipe clamp mounted outside the drainage pipe, and a drainage faucet connected to the inner cavity of the drainage pipe; a spacer support member is provided between the first pipe clamp and the second pipe clamp.

[0012] Furthermore, a filter check valve is provided at the input end of the water pumping pipe.

[0013] Furthermore, a liquid injection hole with a sealing cover is arranged on the non-magnetic outer tube.

[0014] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a tunnel drainage system, comprising an ascending tunnel drainage device, a drainage blind pipe, a water collection well and a water storage device; the drainage blind pipe is arranged near the heading face or at intervals along the length direction of the tunnel, the output end of the drainage blind pipe is connected to the water collection well, the input end of the tunnel drainage device extends to the bottom of the water collection well, and the output end of the tunnel drainage device is connected to the water storage device.

[0015] According to another aspect of the present invention, a tunnel drainage method is also provided, comprising the following steps: S100, filling a water pumping pipe with water and connecting it to a first elbow, installing a filter check valve on the tail end of the water pumping pipe and extending it to the bottom of the water collection well; S200, adjusting the drainage tap to a closed state, then opening the injection hole on the upper part of the non-magnetic outer tube of the pumping assembly and filling it with water and then resealing the cover; S300, adjusting the drainage tap to a slightly open state, controlling the first magnetic ring or the second magnetic ring of the pumping assembly to move up and down, thereby generating a repeated magnetization process in the steel pipe, so that the magnetic inner tube is magnetically induced in the magnetic field. The water in the inner cavity is repeatedly squeezed toward the drainage component through the evenly distributed and inclined openings in the magnetic inner tube, and then discharged from the faucet. At this time, negative pressure is formed in the pumping component, and suction is formed from the water collection well through the pumping pipe and the filter check valve to pump water; S400, adjust the drainage faucet to a fully open state, and the air in the tunnel drainage device is gradually discharged; S500, when the drainage volume tends to be stable, stop the movement of the first magnetic ring and the second magnetic ring and fix the first magnetic ring and the second magnetic ring to achieve stable drainage.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: The tunnel drainage device of the present invention utilizes magnetization, atmospheric pressure principle and fluid dynamics principle to realize a simpler and more efficient drainage method, reduce the complex structural components required by traditional drainage equipment, thereby reducing manufacturing cost and maintenance difficulty. Due to the simplified design of the device, the maintenance work is relatively simple, which can reduce the difficulty and cost of operation and maintenance, and timely discover and handle equipment failures; due to the simplified structure, not only the manufacturing cost is reduced, but also the energy consumption and maintenance cost during use are reduced due to the reduction of active parts, and the reliability and durability of the device are improved; by utilizing magnetization and fluid dynamics principle, rapid startup or restart is realized without complex pretreatment or startup procedures, which improves the response speed and efficiency of the drainage device; the inner cavity of the pumping component is in a vacuum state, and suction is formed at the input end under the action of atmospheric pressure, which can more effectively suck and discharge water, especially in closed spaces such as tunnels, where this suction can significantly improve drainage efficiency. Through innovative design, it aims to solve the problems of complexity, high cost and difficulty in startup of existing drainage equipment, and provide a more convenient, economical and green tunnel drainage solution; it is suitable for different hydrogeological conditions and tunnel engineering environments, and has strong environmental adaptability and flexibility.

[0017] In addition to the above-described purposes, features and advantages, the present invention has other purposes, features and advantages. The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a tunnel drainage device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a water-pumping magnetized power tube according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a tunnel drainage system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Legend: 1. Tunnel drainage device; 2. Drainage blind pipe; 3. Water collection well; 4. Water storage device; 5. Heading face; 100. Base assembly; 200. Pumping assembly; 201. Pumping pipe; 202. Pumping magnetized power pipe; 2021. Non-magnetic outer pipe; 2022. Magnetic inner pipe; 2023. First magnetic ring; 2024. Second magnetic ring; 2025. Opening; 2026. First pipe clamp; 203. Filter check valve; 204. Sealing cover; 205. Injection hole; 206. First elbow; 207. Double-opening cover; 300. Drainage assembly; 301. Drainage pipe; 302. Second pipe clamp; 303. Drainage faucet; 304. Second elbow; 305. Single-opening cover; 400. Spacer support member; 401. Tee pipe; 402. Connecting pipe; 403. Cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered below.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a tunnel drainage device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a water-pumping magnetized power tube according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a tunnel drainage system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] like Figure 1As shown, the tunnel drainage device of this embodiment includes a base component 100, a pumping component 200 and a drainage component 300. The output end of the pumping component 200 is connected to the input end of the drainage component 300 through the base component 100. The pumping component 200 utilizes magnetization and fluid dynamics principles, and cooperates with the head difference formed by the pumping component 200 and the drainage component 300 to force the liquid in the pumping component 200 to flow toward the drainage component 300 to achieve drainage. The liquid in the pumping component 200 is forced to flow toward the drainage component 300 to achieve drainage. At this time, the inner cavity of the pumping component 200 forms a vacuum state. Under the action of atmospheric pressure, the input end generates suction to suck water into the inner cavity, thereby achieving the purpose of pumping and draining water. The tunnel drainage device of the present invention utilizes magnetization, atmospheric pressure principle and fluid dynamics principle to realize a simpler and more efficient drainage method, reduce the complex structural components required by traditional drainage equipment, thereby reducing manufacturing cost and maintenance difficulty. Due to the simplified design of the device, the maintenance work is relatively simple, which can reduce the difficulty and cost of operation and maintenance, and timely discover and handle equipment failures; due to the simplified structure, not only the manufacturing cost is reduced, but also the energy consumption and maintenance cost during use are reduced due to the reduction of active parts, and the reliability and durability of the device are improved; by utilizing magnetization and fluid dynamics principle, rapid startup or restart is realized without complex pretreatment or startup procedures, and the response speed and efficiency of the drainage device are improved; the inner cavity of the pumping component 200 is in a vacuum state, and suction is formed at the input end under the action of atmospheric pressure, which can more effectively suck and discharge water, especially in closed spaces such as tunnels, where this suction can significantly improve drainage efficiency. Through innovative design, it aims to solve the problems of complexity, high cost and difficulty in startup of existing drainage equipment, and provide a more convenient, economical and green tunnel drainage solution; it is suitable for different hydrogeological conditions and tunnel engineering environments, and has strong environmental adaptability and flexibility.

[0023] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, in this embodiment, the pumping assembly 200 includes a pumping pipe 201 and a pumping magnetized power tube 202. The input end of the pumping pipe 201 is used to be arranged at the target position to be pumped, and the output end of the pumping pipe 201 is connected to the input end of the pumping magnetized power tube 202. The input end of the pumping pipe 201 is arranged at the target position to be pumped, and water can be directly pumped from this position, which improves the efficiency and pertinence of pumping. The addition of the pumping magnetized power tube 202 utilizes magnetization to enhance the pumping effect. The pumping magnetized power tube 202 can be designed with a special structure, such as a built-in or external magnet, to generate a magnetic field and form a thrust, thereby affecting the flow rate and direction of the water flow, thereby enhancing the pumping power. Through the design of the pumping magnetized power tube 202, the fluid dynamics conditions can be optimized and the pumping efficiency can be improved. The splicing design of the pumping pipe 201 and the pumping magnetized power tube 202 makes the entire pumping The water assembly 200 is compact and easy to install and maintain; through the action of the pumping magnetized power tube 202, a greater head difference can be generated between the pumping assembly 200 and the drainage assembly 300, thereby driving water to flow from the pumping assembly 200 to the drainage assembly 300 more effectively; a vacuum is formed in the pumping magnetized power tube 202, and a suction force can be formed at the input end of the pumping pipe 201 to enhance the pumping capacity, especially when pumping water in low-lying areas; the use of magnetization and fluid dynamics principles may reduce dependence on external energy, and this design may be more energy-efficient than traditional electric pumps. Optionally, the pumping magnetized power tube 202 includes an electromagnet, which can automatically adjust the magnetic pole and magnetic field strength through electronic control to achieve automatic control of the pumping process; this design can adapt to different pumping environments and conditions, whether in tunnels or other places where drainage is required; due to the modular design, the maintenance and replacement of the pumping assembly 200 becomes easier, which helps to reduce long-term operating costs.

[0024] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, in this embodiment, the pumping magnetized power tube 202 includes a non-magnetic outer tube 2021, a magnetic inner tube 2022, a first magnetic ring 2023 and a second magnetic ring 2024. The magnetic inner tube 2022 can be slidably mounted in the inner cavity of the non-magnetic outer tube 2021. The first magnetic ring 2023 and the second magnetic ring 2024 are respectively mounted outside the non-magnetic outer tube 2021. The first magnetic ring 2023 and the second magnetic ring 2024 are arranged relatively movable. The magnetic inner tube 2022 is magnetized by the relative movement between the first magnetic ring 2023 and the second magnetic ring 2024 mounted outside the non-magnetic outer tube 2021; the first magnetic ring 2023 and the second magnetic ring 2024 are arranged relatively with the same poles. According to the interaction principle between magnetic poles, the same poles repel each other and the opposite poles attract each other; the magnetization is due to the orderly arrangement of the magnetic moments inside the material of the magnetic inner tube 2022 under the action of the magnetic field, so that the magnetic inner tube 2022 exhibits magnetism. The first magnetic ring 2023 and the second magnetic ring 2024 are arranged opposite to each other with the same poles. According to the interaction principle between magnetic poles, the same poles repel each other and the opposite poles attract each other. Therefore, when the second magnetic ring 2024 is controlled to move up and down along the wall of the non-magnetic outer tube 2021, a repeated magnetization process will be generated in the magnetic inner tube 2022, causing the magnetic inner tube 2022 to move up and down under the action of the magnetic field. The up and down movement of the magnetic inner tube 2022 further forms a thrust on the inner cavity fluid. Optionally, the non-magnetic outer tube 2021 is a PVC tube. Optionally, the magnetic inner tube 2022 is a steel tube.

[0025] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, in this embodiment, a plurality of openings 2025 are evenly distributed on the tube wall of the magnetic inner tube 2022, and the openings 2025 are arranged obliquely toward the output end of the magnetic inner tube 2022 on one side of the inner cavity of the magnetic inner tube 2022. The openings 2025 of the magnetic inner tube 2022 are arranged obliquely with the inner side facing the output end of the magnetic inner tube 2022; when the magnetic inner tube 2022 reciprocates up and down, the openings 2025 will form a thrust toward the output end of the magnetic inner tube 2022 on the liquid in the inner cavity of the magnetic inner tube 2022, and the liquid flow field will also move toward the output end of the magnetic inner tube 2022 after being squeezed; this indicates that the device uses the magnetized magnetic inner tube 2022 to exert influence on the liquid flow field, thereby changing the flow direction and flow velocity of the fluid. Under the action of the squeezing force and the head difference between the pumping assembly 200 and the drainage assembly 300, the liquid in the inner cavity is discharged from the output end of the drainage assembly 300; this process involves the pressure difference and flow principle in fluid dynamics, that is, the fluid flows from the high-pressure area to the low-pressure area; in this process, because the pressure inside the device is less than the external pressure, under the action of pressure, the external water is pressed into the pumping pipe 201, which conforms to the Bernoulli principle in fluid mechanics, that is, when the fluid speed increases, the pressure decreases. The working principle is based on magnetization, atmospheric pressure and fluid dynamics principles. The magnetization state of the magnetic inner tube 2022 is controlled by the magnetic ring, thereby affecting the liquid flow field, and finally realizing the flow and discharge of the liquid through the pressure difference.

[0026] like Figure 1As shown, in this embodiment, the first magnetic ring 2023 and the second magnetic ring 2024 are arranged with the same poles opposite to each other; or one of the first magnetic ring 2023 and the second magnetic ring 2024 is an electromagnet, and the other is a permanent magnet. By changing the direction of the current passed into the electromagnet to change the magnetic pole of the electromagnet, the first magnetic ring 2023 and the second magnetic ring 2024 are relatively close and relatively far away. By arranging the same poles relative to each other or changing the magnetic poles of the electromagnet, the magnetic interaction between the first magnetic ring 2023 and the second magnetic ring 2024 can be accurately controlled. When the same poles are opposite to each other, they will repel each other, and changing the magnetic poles of the electromagnet can change the nature of the interaction (attraction or repulsion), thereby finely regulating the movement of the magnetic inner tube 2022. Optionally, because the magnetization process only needs to be carried out in the early stage of pumping and draining, it can be stopped when the pumping and draining tend to be stable, so the relative movement between the first magnetic ring 2023 and the second magnetic ring 2024 can be manual. By utilizing the adjustability of the magnetic poles of the electromagnet, the magnetization process of the magnetic inner tube 2022 can be dynamically adjusted as needed. This adjustment capability is essential for optimizing fluid dynamic conditions and enhancing pumping efficiency. By changing the position of the magnetic ring or the magnetic field strength, the dynamic conditions of liquid flow, such as flow rate, pressure distribution, etc., can be changed to optimize pumping efficiency. The magnetic poles of the electromagnet can be changed quickly, which means that the device can respond quickly to different drainage needs and improve the response speed and flexibility of the drainage device. The magnetic ring contains an electromagnet, which can automatically adjust the magnetic poles and magnetic field strength through electronic control to achieve automatic control of the pumping process and improve the intelligence level of the device. Compared with traditional drainage devices, this design may be more energy-efficient because it uses magnetic force instead of mechanical force to move water, reducing energy consumption. This design can adapt to different pumping environments and conditions, and can work effectively whether in tunnels or other places where drainage is required. Due to the modular design, the maintenance and replacement of the pumping magnetized power tube 202 becomes easier, which helps to reduce long-term operating costs. This design aims to improve pumping efficiency, reduce costs, and simplify operation and maintenance processes by combining magnetization and fluid dynamics principles, while providing a high degree of controllability and automation potential. Optionally, the first magnetic ring 2023 is fixedly arranged and the second magnetic ring 2024 is movably arranged; or the first magnetic ring 2023 is movably arranged and the second magnetic ring 2024 is fixedly arranged. The fixed magnetic ring is replaced by an electromagnet, and the magnetic pole is changed by passing a current that alternately changes in positive and negative directions, so as to achieve the effect of causing the movable magnetic ring to move up and down. The characteristics of the electromagnet are utilized, that is, the magnetic pole is reversed by changing the direction of the current, thereby changing the interaction force between the electromagnet and the permanent magnet, achieving the effect of attraction and repulsion, and the movable magnetic ring can be made to reciprocate on the non-magnetic outer tube 2021, thereby driving the magnetic inner tube 2022 (for example, a steel pipe) to be magnetized and repeatedly move up and down under the attraction and repulsion of the magnet, so as to achieve the squeezing and flow of the liquid flow field, and finally achieve the effect of pumping water.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, a limiting device for limiting the movement of the first magnetic ring 2023 and / or the second magnetic ring 2024 is also arranged on the non-magnetic outer tube 2021, and the limiting device adopts a first pipe clamp 2026. The drainage assembly 300 includes a drainage pipe 301, a second pipe clamp 302 sleeved outside the drainage pipe 301, and a drainage faucet 303 connected to the inner cavity of the drainage pipe 301. A spacing support member 400 is provided between the first pipe clamp 2026 and the second pipe clamp 302. The first pipe clamp 2026 is used to limit the movement of the first magnetic ring 2023 and / or the second magnetic ring 2024, to prevent the magnetic ring from excessively moving and damaging the equipment or affecting the drainage effect. This limiting design helps to keep the magnetic ring working within a preset stroke, ensuring the effectiveness and safety of the drainage device. The second pipe clamp 302 is sleeved outside the drainage pipe 301, and plays a role in fixing and supporting the drainage pipe 301, ensuring the stability and reliability of the drainage pipe 301. The pipe clamp is used to maintain the stability of the drain pipe 301 and the pumping magnetized power pipe 202 during operation. The spacer support member 400 is arranged between the first pipe clamp 2026 and the second pipe clamp 302, and can absorb the vibration caused by the impact of water flow or external force. Through the design of the pipe clamp and the spacer support member 400, the connection sealing between the drain pipe 301 and the drain faucet 303 can be ensured to prevent water leakage, ensure the efficiency of the drainage device and the cleanliness of the environment; make the installation and maintenance of the drain pipe 301 more convenient, the pipe clamp can be accurately positioned according to the design drawings, and the spacer support member 400 can provide the necessary support and adjustment space for construction personnel to operate. The coordinated support and fixation of the spacer support member 400 and the base assembly 100, the overall design improves the stability and durability of the drainage device, reduces the risk of damage caused by pipe displacement or vibration, and thus reduces long-term maintenance costs and potential replacement needs.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, a filter check valve 203 is provided at the input end of the pumping pipe 201. The main function of the filter check valve 203 is to prevent the medium from flowing back, which is very important for preventing water from flowing back into the water collection well 3, especially when the pumping assembly 200 stops working or the water pressure changes; the filter check valve 203 can intercept and collect solid impurities in the fluid to prevent these impurities from entering the pipeline, thereby protecting the safe operation of the entire device; the design of the filter check valve 203 is more convenient for maintenance, and the user can clean the filter without disassembling the pipeline, simplifying the maintenance process; the initial "purification" of the filter check valve 203 before entering the device helps to improve the efficiency of the entire drainage device and extend the service life of the equipment; the filter check valve 203 plays multiple roles in preventing backflow, filtering impurities, protecting equipment and improving the efficiency of the device in the tunnel drainage device, and is a key component to ensure the stable operation of the device.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, a liquid injection hole 205 with a sealing cover 204 is arranged on the non-magnetic outer tube 2021. The liquid injection hole 205 allows the operator to inject liquid, such as water, into the pumping assembly 200 to debug, maintain or empty the tunnel drainage device. The sealing cover 204 ensures that the opening is closed during non-use to prevent dust, impurities or other foreign matter from entering the system; when liquid injection or drainage is required, the sealing cover 204 can be removed or opened, and after the operation is completed, the sealing cover 204 needs to be reinstalled to ensure that the system is sealed to prevent liquid and air leakage in the device; the sealing cover 204 can protect the liquid injection hole 205 from the external environment, such as preventing moisture, dust and other contaminants from entering, thereby protecting the cleanliness and normal operation of the system; before the system is started or maintained, liquid can be injected or discharged through the liquid injection hole 205 to adjust the pressure or water level in the device to ensure that the tunnel drainage device works normally according to the design requirements; in some cases, the sealing cover 204 of the liquid injection hole 205 can prevent air from entering the system, especially when it is necessary to maintain a vacuum or a specific gas environment in the system.

[0030] like Figure 3As shown, the tunnel drainage system of this embodiment includes the above-mentioned tunnel drainage device 1, drainage blind pipe 2, water collection well 3 and water storage device 4; the drainage blind pipe 2 is arranged near the heading 5 or arranged at intervals along the length direction of the tunnel, the output end of the drainage blind pipe 2 is connected to the water collection well 3, the input end of the tunnel drainage device 1 extends to the bottom of the water collection well 3, and the output end of the tunnel drainage device 1 is connected to the water storage device 4. The drainage blind pipe 2 is arranged near the face 5 or at intervals along the length of the tunnel, which can effectively collect the accumulated water in the tunnel excavation face or the surrounding environment; the output end of the drainage blind pipe 2 is connected to the water collection well 3, and the collected water can be concentrated and transported to the water collection well 3 for unified management and treatment; the input end of the tunnel drainage device 1 extends to the bottom of the water collection well 3, and can automatically pump water from the water collection well 3 without manual intervention, thereby realizing automatic drainage; the output end of the tunnel drainage device 1 is connected to the water storage device 4, and the pumped water can be stored or further processed to complete the entire drainage process; the automated drainage system reduces the dependence on manual drainage operations, reduces the risk of workers working in a humid or unstable environment, and improves the safety of operations; the tunnel drainage device 1 using magnetization, atmospheric pressure and fluid dynamics can improve drainage efficiency and quickly respond to drainage needs, especially in tunnel construction, can timely remove accumulated water and ensure construction progress; the system can effectively drain water in different engineering geological environments of mountain tunnels and highway tunnels; due to the relatively simple system design, it is also relatively convenient to maintain. For example, the design of the filter check valve 203 and the injection hole 205 makes system maintenance and troubleshooting easier; compared with the traditional electric pump, this design using magnetic drainage may be more energy-efficient, reduce dependence on external energy, and meet green environmental protection requirements; timely removal of accumulated water in the tunnel can prevent water from damaging the tunnel structure, reduce the risk of collapse and landslides, and improve the stability and safety of tunnel construction; the system can be adjusted and expanded according to the specific needs of the tunnel, such as increasing the number of drainage blind pipes 2 or adjusting the capacity of the water storage device 4 to meet different drainage needs. The tunnel drainage system improves drainage efficiency and safety, reduces labor requirements and environmental impacts through automated and efficient drainage technology, and is suitable for a variety of tunnel engineering environments.

[0031] The tunnel drainage method of this embodiment includes the following steps: S100, fill the water pumping pipe 201 with water and connect it to the first elbow 206, install the filter check valve 203 on the tail end of the water pumping pipe 201 and extend it to the bottom of the water collection well 3; S200, adjust the drainage tap 303 to a closed state, then open the injection hole 205 on the upper part of the non-magnetic outer tube 2021 of the pumping component 200 and reseal the cover after filling it with water; S300, adjust the drainage tap 303 to a slightly open state, control the first magnetic ring 2023 or the second magnetic ring 2024 of the pumping component 200 to move up and down, and then generate a repeated magnetization process in the steel pipe, so that the magnetic inner tube 2022 is also magnetized under the action of the magnetic field. The up and down movement occurs, and the water in the inner cavity is repeatedly squeezed toward the drainage component 300 through the evenly distributed and obliquely arranged openings 2025 in the magnetic inner tube 2022, and then discharged from the faucet. At this time, negative pressure is formed in the pumping component 200, and suction is formed from the water collection well 3 through the pumping pipe 201 and the filter check valve 203 to pump water; S400, the drainage faucet is adjusted to a fully open state, and the air in the tunnel drainage device 1 is gradually discharged; S500, when the drainage volume tends to be stable, the movement of the first magnetic ring 2023 and the second magnetic ring 2024 is stopped and the first magnetic ring 2023 and the second magnetic ring 2024 are fixed, so as to achieve stable drainage.In step S100, by filling the pumping pipe 201 with water and connecting it to the first elbow 206, it is ensured that there is no air in the pumping system, and preparations are made for the subsequent pumping process; step S200 ensures that there is no air in the non-magnetic outer tube 2021, and reseals it after filling the injection hole 205 with water, creating conditions for forming negative pressure and also providing conditions for achieving stable pumping and drainage; in step S300, by slightly opening the drainage tap 303 and controlling the movement of the magnetic ring, the magnetization effect, the atmospheric effect and the head difference formed by the pumping component 200 and the drainage component 300 are utilized to achieve water suction and discharge. This design is intended to provide sufficient starting power for the tunnel drainage device; by controlling the magnetization process generated by the movement of the magnetic ring, the magnetic inner tube 2022 moves up and down under the action of the magnetic field, and the water is squeezed by the inclined openings 2025 evenly distributed on the magnetic inner tube 2022, pushing the water to the drainage component 300, and at the same time in the pumping component 2 00 forms a negative pressure; step S400 gradually discharges the air in the tunnel drainage device 1 by fully opening the drainage faucet, ensuring that the drainage system is full of water, and further improving the drainage efficiency; in step S500, when the drainage volume tends to be stable, stop the movement of the magnetic ring and fix it to achieve a stable drainage process. This design can reduce energy consumption and extend the service life of the equipment; the entire drainage method achieves fine adjustment of the drainage process and improves the drainage efficiency by accurately controlling the movement of the magnetic ring and the state of the drainage faucet 303; using magnetization and fluid dynamics principles, it reduces dependence on external energy. Compared with traditional electric pumps, this design may be more energy-saving and environmentally friendly; this method achieves drainage through simple operating steps, which is easy for operators to understand and execute. At the same time, due to the relatively simple system design, it is also relatively convenient to maintain; this drainage method is suitable for different tunnel environments and conditions, and has strong adaptability and flexibility. The tunnel drainage method of the present invention achieves efficient, energy-saving and stable drainage effects through innovative magnetization power and precise control steps, while simplifying the operation and maintenance process.

[0032] When implementing, Figure 3 As shown, the tunnel face 5 is a working face that is constantly advancing in the tunnel. The water collection pit 3 is a temporary water collection pit used to collect groundwater in the tunnel and that seeps into the tunnel and is discharged through the drainage blind pipe 2. It is usually arranged near the tunnel face 5 or at intervals along the length of the tunnel according to the amount of water inflow.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, the tunnel drainage device is composed of a pumping area (pumping component 200), a drainage area (drainage component 300), and a base area (base component 100). Figure 2As shown, for the pumping area, the steel pipe (magnetic inner pipe 2022) is firstly opened with a hole diameter of 3 to 5 mm, arranged in a plum blossom shape, and then the hole wall is flanged to adjust the hole opening to be slightly tilted downward, and the wall thickness of the steel pipe is 1 to 2 mm. The steel pipe is placed in the thickened pumping pipe (non-magnetic outer pipe 2021, the radial dimension of the inner cavity matches the outer diameter of the steel pipe, and the outer diameter is larger than the pumping pipe 201), and then the double-opening cover 207 and the single-opening cover 305 are respectively plugged and assembled at the upper and lower ends of the thickened pumping pipe. The opening diameters of the double-opening cover 207 and the single-opening cover 305 are the same, which is 3 to 4 cm. One of the openings of the double-opening cover 207 is connected to the first elbow 206, the other end of the first elbow 206 is connected to the head end of the pumping pipe 201, and the tail end of the pumping pipe 201 is connected to the filter check valve 203. The filter check valve 203 can block water backflow and filter out impurities and silt in the puddle to prevent blockage during the pumping process, so as to increase the sealing inside the device and the smoothness of the pumping process.

[0034] For the drainage area, the single-opening cover 305 is embedded in the upper and lower parts of the thickened drainage pipe (non-magnetic outer pipe 2021), and the upper single-opening cover 305 is connected to the second elbow 304, and the other end of the second elbow 304 is connected to the faucet (drainage faucet 303). Before installing the faucet, a layer of raw tape needs to be evenly wrapped around the second elbow 304 to increase the sealing and stability of this connection section.

[0035] For the base area, the assembly and connection are mainly carried out through the three-way pipe 401 and the connecting pipe 402. The connecting pipe 402 within the vertical projection range of the pumping area and the drainage area mainly plays the role of stabilizing the pumping device, so the length of the connecting pipe 402 can be shortened as much as possible without causing structural obstruction, so as to avoid excessive water accumulation in the device after the pumping is completed.

[0036] The pumping area and the drainage area are connected in series by a connecting pipe 402 in the base area to form a whole. The length of this connecting pipe 402 is preferably 5 cm to avoid bending of this connecting pipe 402 due to the bias pressure generated during the water delivery process.

[0037] The first pipe clamp 2026 and the second pipe clamp 302 are respectively nested outside the thickened water pumping pipe and the thickened drainage pipe, and then the first pipe clamp 2026 and the second pipe clamp 302 are connected by bolts (spacer bracing members 400) to ensure the stability of the thickened water pumping pipe and the thickened drainage pipe after the change of flow velocity and direction of the water flow at the variable cross section during the water delivery process causes disturbance. The first magnetic ring 2023 and the second magnetic ring 2024 are inserted into the thickened drainage pipe, and the lower part of the first magnetic ring 2023 is cushioned on the first pipe clamp 2026. The first magnetic ring 2023 and the second magnetic ring 2024 need to be in a repulsive state with the same polarity relative to each other. The diameter of the thickened water pumping pipe is preferably 10 cm. The first magnetic ring 2023 and the second magnetic ring 2024 are circular permanent magnets and their diameters are 0.5 cm to 1 cm larger than the thickened water pumping pipe.

[0038] It should be noted that the first elbow 206 and the second elbow 304 can be bent at different angles according to actual needs. The water pipes (water pumping pipe 201, drainage pipe 301, connecting pipe 402, and tee pipe 401) are all PVC pipes. When the connecting pipe 402 is connected, it is necessary to apply sealant to ensure the air tightness of the device and the stability of the connecting section. The open ends of the connecting pipes 402 are all provided with sealing caps 403.

[0039] Drainage method: (1) Fill the pumping pipe 201 with water and connect it to the first elbow 206, then extend the tail end of the pumping pipe 201 to the bottom of the water collection well 3. Since the filter check valve 203 is connected, the water flow is blocked from flowing into the water collection well 3. This step is intended to take into account the need to overcome gravity when the pumped water flows upward into the first elbow 206, so as to reduce the energy threshold required to start the pumping device.

[0040] (2) Adjust the water valve of the drain faucet 303 to the closed state, then open the sealing cover 204 of the double-opening cover 207 to add water, and seal it again with the sealing cover 204 after the water is filled.

[0041] (3) Adjust the water valve of the drain faucet 303 to a slightly open state, and then manually control the second magnet (second magnetic ring 2024) to move up and down along the wall of the thickened water pumping pipe (non-magnetic outer pipe 2021). The steel pipe (magnetic inner pipe 2022) inside the thickened water pumping pipe (non-magnetic outer pipe 2021) is magnetized and repeatedly moves up and down under the attraction and repulsion of the magnet. The hole of the steel pipe (magnetic inner pipe 2022) faces downward, and the liquid flow field also moves downward after being squeezed. Under the action of manual squeezing and the head difference between the pumping component 200 and the drain component 300, water is discharged from the drain faucet 303. At this time, because the pressure inside the device is lower than the external pressure, under the action of pressure, the water in the water collection well 3 is pressed into the water pumping pipe 201.

[0042] (4) Adjust the water valve of the drainage faucet 303 to the open state. Under the dual effects of pressure and squeezing the water body, the air in the device is gradually discharged. At this time, if the drainage volume no longer increases with squeezing the water body, the second magnet (second magnetic ring 2024) can be pressed down and fixed with the first pipe clamp 2026, and this state can be maintained, the steel pipe (magnetic inner pipe 2022).

[0043] (5) Based on the above steps, the tunnel drainage device 1 pumps the water in the water collection well 3 to the water storage device 4. The water storage device 4 is a movable trolley. The trolley can be transported out of the tunnel or pushed to the work area where water is needed according to the on-site conditions.

[0044] The tunnel drainage device, system and method of the present invention do not rely on any external energy (such as electricity, fuel, etc.) but use natural forces or physical principles to achieve water extraction and transportation, which is in line with the concept of green environmental protection; the equipment of the device is easy to obtain and customize, the device is easy to assemble and disassemble, and the device is mostly PVC plastic pipes, which are light in weight and easy to transfer.

[0045] Matters not covered by the present invention are known technologies.

[0046] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0047] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation modes of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

[0048] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel drainage device, comprising a base assembly (100), a pumping assembly (200) and a drainage assembly (300), wherein an output end of the pumping assembly (200) is connected to an input end of the drainage assembly (300) through the base assembly (100), It is characterized in that The pumping component (200) utilizes magnetization and the principle of fluid dynamics, in conjunction with the water head difference formed by the pumping component (200) and the drainage component (300), to force the liquid in the pumping component (200) to flow in the direction of the drainage component (300) to achieve drainage, and forces the liquid in the pumping component (200) to flow in the direction of the drainage component (300) to achieve drainage. At this time, a vacuum state is formed in the inner cavity of the pumping component (200). Under the action of atmospheric pressure, suction is generated at the input end to draw water into the inner cavity, thereby achieving the purpose of pumping and draining water.

2. The tunnel drainage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water pumping assembly (200) comprises a water pumping pipe (201) and a water pumping magnetized power pipe (202). The input end of the water pumping pipe (201) is used to be arranged at the target location to be pumped. The output end of the water pumping pipe (201) is connected to the input end of the water pumping magnetized power pipe (202).

3. The tunnel drainage device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water-pumping magnetized power tube (202) comprises a non-magnetic outer tube (2021), a magnetic inner tube (2022), a first magnetic ring (2023) and a second magnetic ring (2024). The magnetic inner tube (2022) is slidably mounted in the inner cavity of the non-magnetic outer tube (2021); the first magnetic ring (2023) and the second magnetic ring (2024) are respectively mounted outside the non-magnetic outer tube (2021); and the first magnetic ring (2023) and the second magnetic ring (2024) are arranged in a relatively movable manner.

4. The tunnel drainage device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The magnetic inner tube (2022) has a plurality of openings (2025) evenly distributed on its wall. The opening (2025) is arranged on a side facing the inner cavity of the magnetic inner tube (2022) and is inclined in the direction of the output end of the magnetic inner tube (2022).

5. The tunnel drainage device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first magnetic ring (2023) and the second magnetic ring (2024) are arranged opposite to each other with the same polarity; or One of the first magnetic ring (2023) and the second magnetic ring (2024) uses an electromagnet, and the other uses a permanent magnet. The direction of the current flowing into the electromagnet is changed to change the magnetic pole of the electromagnet, thereby achieving relative proximity and relative distance between the first magnetic ring (2023) and the second magnetic ring (2024).

6. The tunnel drainage device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A limiting device for limiting the movement stroke of the first magnetic ring (2023) and / or the second magnetic ring (2024) is also arranged on the non-magnetic outer tube (221), and the limiting device adopts a first tube clamp (226); The drainage assembly (300) comprises a drainage pipe (301), a second pipe clamp (302) sleeved outside the drainage pipe (301), and a drainage tap (303) connected to the inner cavity of the drainage pipe (301); A spacing support member (400) is provided between the first pipe clamp (2026) and the second pipe clamp (302).

7. The tunnel drainage device according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that: A filter check valve (203) is provided at the input end of the water pumping pipe (201).

8. The tunnel drainage device according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that: A liquid injection hole (205) with a sealing cover (204) is arranged on the non-magnetic outer tube (2021).

9. A tunnel drainage system, characterized in that: A tunnel drainage device (1), a drainage blind pipe (2), a water collection well (3) and a water storage device (4) according to any one of claims 1 to 8; The drainage blind pipe (2) is arranged near the tunnel face (5) or at intervals along the length direction of the tunnel; the output end of the drainage blind pipe (2) is connected to the water collection well (3); the input end of the tunnel drainage device (1) extends to the bottom of the water collection well (3); and the output end of the tunnel drainage device (1) is connected to the water storage device (4).

10. A tunnel drainage method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S100, fill the water pumping pipe (201) with water and connect it to the first elbow, install a filter check valve (203) on the tail end of the water pumping pipe (201) and extend it to the bottom of the water collection well (3); S200, adjusting the drain tap (303) to a closed state, then opening the liquid injection hole (205) on the upper portion of the non-magnetic outer tube (221) of the pumping assembly (200), filling the hole with water, and then resealing the cover; S300, adjusting the drainage faucet (303) to a slightly open state, controlling the first magnetic ring (2023) or the second magnetic ring (2024) of the pumping assembly (200) to move up and down, thereby generating a repeated magnetization process in the steel pipe, causing the magnetic inner tube (222) to also move up and down under the action of the magnetic field, and repeatedly generating a squeezing effect on the water in the inner cavity toward the drainage assembly (300) through the evenly distributed and obliquely arranged openings (2025) in the magnetic inner tube (2022), thereby draining the water from the faucet. At this time, a negative pressure is generated in the pumping assembly (200), and suction is generated from the water collection well (3) via the pumping pipe (201) and the filter check valve (203) to pump water; S400, adjusting the drainage tap to a fully open state, so that the air in the tunnel drainage device (1) is gradually discharged; S500: When the drainage volume tends to be stable, the movement of the first magnetic ring (2023) and the second magnetic ring (2024) is stopped and the first magnetic ring (2023) and the second magnetic ring (2024) are fixed, thereby achieving stable drainage.

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