High-rigidity heavy-load precision speed reducer capable of achieving state monitoring

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-rigidity heavy-load precision speed reducer capable of achieving state monitoring. The high-rigidity heavy-load precision speed reducer comprises an outer box shell, a power input unit, a planetary cycloid transmission unit, a power output unit and a state monitoring unit. The planet cycloid transmission unit is installed in the outer box shell, a power input piece of the planet cycloid transmission unit is a sun gear, and a power output piece is a planet carrier. The power input unit comprises a servo motor and a hand-cranking device, the servo motor and the hand-cranking device are respectively connected with an input shaft, two input gears fixed on the two input shafts are meshed with a main power gear, and the main power gear is coaxially and fixedly connected with the sun gear; the power output unit comprises an output gear which is coaxially and fixedly connected with the output end of the planet carrier; a temperature and pressure sensor, an oil product sensor and an adjustable ventilation device of the state monitoring unit are all installed on an outer box shell, and an angle sensor is coaxially and fixedly installed on an output gear. According to the invention, the output angle, oil composition, temperature signals and pressure signals of the speed reducer are monitored in real time, so that the abnormal state of the speed reducer can be quickly judged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of equipment transmission, and in particular relates to a high-rigidity heavy-load precision reduction device capable of realizing state monitoring. Background Art

[0002] As a key transmission device, reducers occupy an important position in modern mechanical equipment. At the same time, with the development of industrial products towards heavy-duty, high stiffness, high precision, large speed ratio, high load-bearing capacity and small volume characteristics have gradually become the development direction of large-scale reducers in the aerospace and shipbuilding fields.

[0003] Traditional reducers are difficult to achieve the performance requirements of high speed ratio and high load in a small volume. At the same time, they lack the ability to monitor and adjust the real-time operating status of the reducer and do not have health monitoring and fault warning functions. In order to meet the strict pointing accuracy requirements of such devices, the transmission system needs to adopt new design methods and special structures, and have the ability to monitor the health status of the device in real time to further improve the performance of precision reducers. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention proposes a high-rigidity heavy-load precision reduction device capable of realizing state monitoring.

[0005] The above-mentioned object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] A high-rigidity heavy-load precision speed reducer capable of realizing condition monitoring, characterized in that it comprises an outer box shell, a power input unit, a planetary cycloid transmission unit, a power output unit and a condition monitoring unit;

[0007] The planetary cycloid transmission unit is installed in the outer box shell, and its power input part is the sun gear and the power output part is the planet carrier;

[0008] The power input unit includes a servo motor and a hand-cranked device, the servo motor and the hand-cranked device are respectively connected to an input shaft, the two input shafts are rotatably supported on the outer box shell, an input gear is fixedly installed on each of the two input shafts, the two input gears are meshed with a main power gear, and the main power gear is coaxially fixedly connected to the sun gear of the planetary cycloid transmission unit;

[0009] The power output unit comprises an output gear, which is coaxially fixedly connected to the output end of the planet carrier of the planetary cycloid transmission unit;

[0010] The state monitoring unit includes an angle sensor, an oil product sensor, a temperature and pressure sensor, and an adjustable ventilation device;

[0011] The angle sensor is coaxially fixedly mounted on the output gear and is used to monitor the output end rotation angle of the reduction gear;

[0012] The oil sensor is fixedly mounted on the outer casing and is used to monitor the viscosity, density, trace moisture, water activity and temperature of the oil in the outer casing in real time;

[0013] The temperature and pressure sensor is fixedly mounted on the outer box shell and is used to synchronously monitor the temperature and pressure inside the outer box shell;

[0014] The adjustable ventilation device is fixedly mounted on the outer box shell and is used to balance the air pressure inside and outside the reduction device.

[0015] Moreover, the outer box shell is designed with a matching port, which is fixedly connected to the mounting frame of the device being used through the matching port; when the reduction device is in use, it adopts a vertical working mode or a horizontal working mode.

[0016] Moreover, the outer box shell is composed of a shell body part and a shell cover part, and the two are fixedly connected to the two ends of the pin gear shell of the planetary cycloid transmission unit by screws; the two input shafts are supported on the shell cover by bearings, the temperature and pressure sensor and the adjustable ventilation device are both installed on the shell cover, and the oil quality sensor is installed on the shell body.

[0017] Moreover, the adjustable ventilation device is fixedly installed on the outer box shell, including a ventilation column, a control compression plug, an adjustment spring, a ventilation valve, and a filter screen; a threaded interface is provided on the outer box shell, and the ventilation column is provided with an external thread, and is fixedly installed at the threaded interface of the outer box body through the external thread; the ventilation column is a column structure provided with a central hole, and the central hole is composed of a filter screen installation hole section, a ventilation valve guide hole section, and an exhaust hole section arranged in sequence inside and outside; the exhaust hole section is provided with an internal thread near the outer port, and the exhaust hole section is provided with a conical hole surface near the ventilation valve guide section; A radial exhaust through hole is arranged on the body at the middle position corresponding to the exhaust section; the vent valve adopts a columnar valve body structure which is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom and has a conical surface in the middle; the outer surface of the control clamping plug is provided with an external thread; the filter is fixedly installed in the filter mounting hole section; the vent valve is transitionally installed at the upper part of the vent valve guide hole section and the lower part of the exhaust hole section; the control clamping plug is connected with the internal thread of the exhaust hole section through the external thread; the adjusting spring is pressed between the lower part of the control clamping plug and the upper part of the vent valve, so that the conical surface of the vent valve forms a pressing contact with the conical hole surface of the vent column.

[0018] Furthermore, the bottom surface of the vent valve is a concave arc bottom surface.

[0019] The advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:

[0020] 1. The transmission unit of the present invention adopts a cycloidal transmission form with a small tooth difference, which greatly shortens the axial size of the device, doubles the overload capacity, effectively controls the overall size of the device and improves the load-bearing performance, ensuring that the output end of the transmission device has a smaller elastic torsion angle and better precision retention under the action of large torque.

[0021] 2. The present invention collects multiple types of monitoring data of the reduction device including output angle, oil composition, temperature signal, pressure signal, etc. by setting angle sensors, oil product sensors, and temperature and pressure sensors, and quantitatively analyzes the real-time status data fluctuations of the reduction device to achieve rapid judgment of abnormal status of the reduction device.

[0022] 3. The present invention provides a hand-cranked device and an adjustable ventilation device. When the servo motor is damaged or powered off, the hand-cranked device can be operated to input power through the input gear fixedly connected thereto, thereby realizing the function of manually driving the reduction device. By real-time monitoring of the temperature and pressure data inside the reduction device, the internal pressure of the reduction device can be adjusted in real time by adjusting the preload force of the ventilation device using a controller, thereby effectively improving the reliability of the reduction device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is the transmission principle diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 is an internal cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 is an installation cross-sectional view of the adjustable ventilation device of the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The structure of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and by way of examples. It should be noted that the present examples are descriptive rather than restrictive.

[0028] A high-rigidity, heavy-load precision reduction device that can realize fault warning, see Figure 1-Figure 4 It mainly includes an outer box shell 1, an input gear 2, a servo motor 3, a main power gear 4, a hand-cranked device 5, a sun gear 6, a planetary gear 7, a crank shaft 8, a cycloid wheel 9, a pin gear housing 10, a planetary carrier 11, an output gear 12, an angle sensor 13, an oil sensor 14, an adjustable ventilation device 15, and a temperature and pressure sensor 16.

[0029] The outer box shell 1 is designed with matching ports and screw clearance holes, and is fixedly connected to the mounting frame of the equipment being used by screws. The whole can be operated in a vertical or horizontal manner.

[0030] The servo motor and the hand-cranking device constitute a power input unit, which is used to realize electric power input and hand-cranking power input respectively.

[0031] The servo motor 3 and the hand-cranked device 5 each input power through an input shaft fixedly connected to the corresponding input gear 2. The input shaft is rotatably supported on the outer housing 1. The input gear 2 and the main power gear 4 adopt parallel tooth transmission. The main power gear 4 inputs power to the sun gear 6 of the planetary cycloid transmission unit through the main power shaft fixedly connected thereto.

[0032] The sun gear 6, the planetary gear 7, the crankshaft 8, the cycloid gear 9, the pinion housing 10, and the planet carrier 11 cooperate to form a planetary cycloid transmission unit.

[0033] The sun gear 6 and the planetary gears 7 are driven by parallel teeth. The three planetary gears 7 are respectively installed on the ends of the three crankshafts 8 through spline connections, so that the rotation of the sun gear is transmitted to the crankshafts through tooth meshing.

[0034] The crankshaft 8 has two eccentric outer circumferences that are 180 degrees opposite to each other. The two eccentric outer circumferences are respectively matched with the two cycloid wheels 9 to form a relatively rotatable fit. The two sides of the eccentric outer circumference of the crankshaft can be coaxially rotatably supported on the planet carrier 11.

[0035] The cycloid wheel 9 is evenly provided with three bearing positions along the circumferential direction, and a driving sleeve is installed in each bearing position. The two cycloid wheels respectively form a rotational fit with the two eccentric outer circumferences of the three crank shafts through the three bearing positions.

[0036] The pinion housing 10 is fixedly connected to the outer box shell 1, and semi-cylindrical grooves are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the inner ring of the pinion housing for installing pinion pins. The pinion housing forms a tooth engagement with the outer rings of the two cycloid wheels 9 through the pinion pins, and at the same time forms a rotational fit with the planetary carrier 11 through the support bearings installed on both sides of the inner ring.

[0037] The planet carrier 11 is a cylindrical structure. Three bearing positions are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the planet carrier to form a rotational fit with the crankshaft. Bearing mounting positions are arranged at both ends of the outer ring of the planet carrier.

[0038] The output gear 12 of the output unit is coaxially fixedly connected to the output end of the planet carrier 11 of the planetary cycloid transmission unit, and can mesh with the inner gear ring fixed on the mounting frame to output power.

[0039] The angle sensor 13, the oil product sensor 14, the temperature and pressure sensor 16 and the adjustable ventilation device 15 constitute a state monitoring unit.

[0040] The angle sensor 13 is coaxially fixedly mounted on the output gear 12. The angle sensor adopts a high-precision angle encoder, and the output end angle of the reduction device is fed back by monitoring the output gear angle.

[0041] The oil sensor 14 is fixedly mounted on the outer casing 1 to monitor the viscosity, density, trace moisture, water activity and temperature of the oil in the outer casing in real time during the operation of the device.

[0042] The temperature and pressure sensor 16 is fixedly mounted on the outer box shell 1, and the temperature and pressure sensitive elements are integrated inside the same sensor to achieve synchronous measurement of temperature and pressure.

[0043] The adjustable ventilation device 15 is fixedly installed on the outer box shell 1, and includes a ventilation column 151, a control and compression plug 152, an adjustment spring 153, a ventilation valve 154, and a filter 155. A threaded interface is provided on the outer box shell, and the ventilation column is provided with an external thread, and is fixedly installed at the threaded interface of the outer box body through the external thread. The ventilation column is a columnar structure provided with a central hole, and the central hole is composed of a filter installation hole section, a ventilation valve guide hole section, and an exhaust hole section arranged in sequence inside and outside. The exhaust hole section is provided with an internal thread near the outer port, and a conical hole surface is provided at the exhaust hole section near the ventilation valve guide section. A radial exhaust through hole is provided on the ventilation column corresponding to the middle position of the exhaust section to achieve outward exhaust. The ventilation valve adopts a columnar valve body structure with a large upper part and a small lower part and a conical surface in the middle. The outer surface of the control and compression plug is provided with an external thread. The filter is fixedly installed in the filter installation hole section to prevent external debris from entering. The vent valve is installed in transition at the upper part of the vent valve guide hole section and the lower part of the exhaust hole section. The control clamping plug is connected to the internal thread of the exhaust hole section through an external thread, and the adjustment spring is compressed between the lower part of the control clamping plug and the upper part of the vent valve, so that the conical surface of the vent valve and the conical hole surface of the vent column form a compression contact. When the speed reducer continues to operate, the internal air pressure gradually increases, and the oil mist enters the ventilation device, and the preload force of the spring 153 is adjusted by the control clamping plug 152. When the internal air pressure of the reducer is greater than the spring pressure on the vent valve 154, the vent valve moves outward along the vent column 151. At this time, the device is connected to the outside world for exhaust, and the internal air pressure of the speed reducer is reduced. When the oil mist passes through the vent column, it generates oil reflux through the filter 155 and the arc-shaped bottom surface of the vent valve 154 and flows back to the inside of the reducer.

[0044] In the present invention, the outer box shell is composed of a shell body part and a shell cover part, and the two are fixedly connected to the two ends of the pin gear shell by screws. The two input shafts are supported on the shell cover by bearings, the temperature and pressure sensor and the adjustable ventilation device are installed on the shell cover, and the oil product sensor is installed on the shell body.

[0045] The working principle of the high-rigidity heavy-load precision speed reducer capable of realizing fault early warning of the present invention is as follows:

[0046] The servo motor 3 drives the input shaft to rotate for power input, the input gear 2 engages with the main power gear 4, the sun gear 6 engages with the planetary gear 7 to transmit the power to the crankshaft 8, the crankshaft 8 rotates to drive the cycloid wheel 9 to make planar motion, and at the same time the cycloid wheel 9 and the pin gear housing 10 engage with each other to drive the planetary carrier 11 to rotate, and finally the output gear 12 coaxially fixedly connected to the output end of the planetary carrier 11 engages with the inner gear ring on the mounting frame to drive the load to output power.

[0047] When the motor works abnormally, the hand-crank device 5 can be operated to input power through the input gear fixedly connected thereto, so as to manually drive the reduction device.

[0048] The state monitoring unit includes an angle sensor 13, an oil sensor 14, a temperature and pressure sensor 16 and an adjustable ventilation device 15. By collecting monitoring data of the reduction device including output angle, oil composition, temperature signal, pressure signal, etc., the abnormal state of the reduction device can be quickly judged and adjusted.

[0049] The angle sensor 13 feeds back the output angle of the reduction device by monitoring the output gear angle; the oil sensor 14 monitors the oil viscosity, density, trace moisture, water activity and temperature during the operation of the device in real time; the temperature and pressure sensor 16 integrates temperature and pressure sensitive elements in the same sensor to achieve synchronous measurement of temperature and pressure; the adjustable ventilation device uses a controller to adjust the preload of the compression spring in the ventilation device. When the internal air pressure is greater than the set preload of the ventilation device, the device is connected to the outside world for exhaust.

[0050] Although the embodiments and drawings of the present invention are disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various substitutions, changes and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention and the appended claims. Therefore, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents disclosed in the embodiments and drawings.

Claims

1. A high-rigidity, heavy-load precision speed reducer capable of realizing condition monitoring, characterized in that: It includes an outer box shell, a power input unit, a planetary cycloid transmission unit, a power output unit and a status monitoring unit; The planetary cycloid transmission unit is installed in the outer box shell, and its power input part is the sun gear and the power output part is the planet carrier; The power input unit includes a servo motor and a hand-cranked device, the servo motor and the hand-cranked device are respectively connected to an input shaft, the two input shafts are rotatably supported on the outer box shell, an input gear is fixedly installed on each of the two input shafts, the two input gears are meshed with a main power gear, and the main power gear is coaxially fixedly connected to the sun gear of the planetary cycloid transmission unit; The power output unit comprises an output gear, which is coaxially fixedly connected to the output end of the planet carrier of the planetary cycloid transmission unit; The state monitoring unit includes an angle sensor, an oil product sensor, a temperature and pressure sensor, and an adjustable ventilation device; The angle sensor is coaxially fixedly mounted on the output gear and is used to monitor the output end rotation angle of the reduction gear; The oil sensor is fixedly mounted on the outer casing and is used to monitor the viscosity, density, trace moisture, water activity and temperature of the oil in the outer casing in real time; The temperature and pressure sensor is fixedly mounted on the outer box shell and is used to synchronously monitor the temperature and pressure inside the outer box shell; The adjustable ventilation device is fixedly mounted on the outer box shell and is used to balance the air pressure inside and outside the reduction device.

2. The high-rigidity heavy-load precision reduction device capable of realizing condition monitoring according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The outer box shell is designed with a matching port, which is fixedly connected to the mounting frame of the device being used through the matching port; when the reduction device is in use, it adopts a vertical working mode or a horizontal working mode.

3. The high-rigidity heavy-load precision speed reducer capable of realizing condition monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer box shell is composed of a shell body part and a shell cover part, and the two are fixedly connected to the two ends of the pin-tooth shell of the planetary cycloid transmission unit by screws; the two input shafts are supported on the shell cover by bearings, the temperature and pressure sensor and the adjustable ventilation device are both installed on the shell cover, and the oil product sensor is installed on the shell body.

4. The high-rigidity heavy-load precision speed reducer capable of realizing condition monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustable ventilation device is fixedly installed on the outer box shell, including a ventilation column, a control compression plug, an adjustment spring, a ventilation valve, and a filter screen; a threaded interface is provided on the outer box shell, and the ventilation column is provided with an external thread, and is fixedly installed at the threaded interface of the outer box body through the external thread; the ventilation column is a column structure provided with a central hole, and the central hole is composed of a filter screen installation hole section, a ventilation valve guide hole section, and an exhaust hole section arranged in sequence inside and outside; the exhaust hole section is provided with an internal thread near the outer port, and the exhaust hole section is provided with a conical hole surface near the ventilation valve guide section; A radial exhaust through hole is arranged at the middle position corresponding to the exhaust section; the vent valve adopts a columnar valve body structure which is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom and has a conical surface in the middle; the outer surface of the control clamping plug is provided with an external thread; the filter is fixedly installed in the filter mounting hole section; the vent valve is transitionally installed at the upper part of the vent valve guide hole section and the lower part of the exhaust hole section; the control clamping plug is connected to the internal thread of the exhaust hole section through the external thread; the adjusting spring is pressed between the lower part of the control clamping plug and the upper part of the vent valve, so that the conical surface of the vent valve forms a pressing contact with the conical hole surface of the vent column.

5. The high-rigidity heavy-load precision reduction device capable of realizing condition monitoring according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The bottom surface of the vent valve is an inwardly concave arc bottom surface.

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