Emission reduction and nitrogen charging technology for shipping gasoline less than 8000 total tons

Abstract

The invention relates to an emission reduction and nitrogen charging technology for ship loading of gasoline with the total tonnage smaller than 8000. The emission reduction and nitrogen charging technology comprises the following steps that the operation processes of a ship side, a reservoir area side and a shore side are changed; a nitrogen pipeline is transformed at the front edge of a wharf, a self-operated automatic regulating valve is researched and selected to autonomously regulate control parameters of recovered oil gas, and the pressure of nitrogen filled into a gas phase pipeline is effectively controlled through the self-operated regulating valve; according to the emission reduction and nitrogen charging technology for shipping the gasoline less than 8000 total tons, the emission reduction and nitrogen charging technology for shipping the gasoline less than 8000 total tons is researched, so that oil and gas recovery during shipping operation of the ships is realized, emission of volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere in the shipping operation process of the ships less than 8000 total tons is further reduced, and the emission reduction and nitrogen charging technology for shipping the gasoline less than 8000 total tons is realized. The oil product loading and unloading operation environment condition is improved, waste gas emission and environment pollution are reduced, and the oil product loading and unloading wharf is an important practice measure for practicing the environment protection requirement, and has high economic and social benefits and great application and popularization value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of emission reduction and nitrogen filling, and in particular to an emission reduction and nitrogen filling technology for gasoline loading on ships with a gross tonnage of less than 8,000 tons. Background Art

[0002] Gasoline loading refers to a "ship" that carries gasoline products. Its structural features are: ① Oil pumps are used to load and unload cargo through pipelines, so there are no lifting equipment and large cargo hatches on the deck, but there are entry hatches. ② Since oil is easy to volatilize, burn and explode, strict fire safety requirements are imposed. The 1978 Protocol of the International Maritime Organization stipulates that new oil tankers with a deadweight of more than 20,000 tons must have inert gas explosion-proof facilities and the engine room must be located at the stern. ③ The cargo oil tank is separated by multiple longitudinal bulkheads and multiple transverse bulkheads to reduce the impact of the free liquid surface on stability. ④ The hull has a large length-to-depth ratio and a large bending moment, so a longitudinal frame structure is often used to increase the longitudinal strength. ⑤ Transportation is often unidirectional. In order to maintain a certain draft when emptying on the return trip, a large amount of ballast water must be loaded. Therefore, modern large oil tankers must be equipped with special ballast water tanks, or use oil tanks to load ballast water. The oil tanks must be cleaned before ballasting, so oil tankers must be equipped with crude oil tank washing equipment. With the rapid growth of oil production and transportation volume, oil tankers are developing towards large-scale. The largest oil tanker in the world is Japan's "Sea Giant", with a total length of 458.54m, a width of 68.8m, a depth of 29.8m, a draft of 24.6m, and a deadweight of 560,000 tons. Nitrogen filling is a technology that uses nitrogen to isolate the protected object from oxygen and water. It has the advantages of simple principle, low cost, safe operation and wide application. It is widely used in many industries such as petroleum, chemical industry, metallurgy, food preservation, etc. The principle of nitrogen filling is to fill the protected object with high concentration of nitrogen to form a low-oxygen or oxygen-free environment. This environment is not conducive to the survival of microorganisms and insects, thus playing a role in corrosion and rust prevention. In grain storage, by sealing the grain pile and filling it with high concentration of nitrogen, an ecological environment that is not conducive to the growth and development of pests and mold is created, achieving the effect of insect prevention, insecticide and antibacterial.

[0003] Specific application scenarios of nitrogen filling ‌Power system‌: During the maintenance of transformers and high-voltage reactors, after draining the transformer oil, use a vacuum pump to evacuate the transformer and then fill it with nitrogen to prevent the transformer insulation and core from getting damp.

[0004] Grain storage: Filling the granary with nitrogen creates a low-oxygen or even anaerobic environment, inhibiting the survival of microorganisms and insects, and extending the storage life of grain. For example, Zhaoqing's "Big Granary" has increased the grain storage life from 3 years to 4 years through nitrogen-filled grain storage technology.

[0005] ‌Other Industries‌: Nitrogen filling protection technology is also used for corrosion and rust prevention of storage tanks, pipelines, heat exchangers, towers and other equipment, protecting the equipment by isolating oxygen and water.

[0006] The "Emission Standards for Air Pollutants from Oil Transportation" (GB 20951-2020) clearly states that existing oil tankers of 8,000 gross tons and above should be equipped with closed oil and gas collection systems and inert gas systems from January 1, 2024. The oil and gas collection system of the oil tanker should send the oil and gas generated when sending oil to the oil tanker to the oil and gas treatment device in a closed manner. However, ships with a gross tonnage of less than 8,000 tons do not have an inert gas system and cannot recover the oil and gas they produce. The oil and gas in the cabin will be discharged into the atmosphere through the air permeable enclosure, causing great pollution to the environment. Therefore, it is planned to study a new technology for nitrogen inerting from the dock, which directly absorbs the oil and gas generated by such ships into the gas phase pipeline, and fills nitrogen from the dock site at the ship-shore connection of the gas phase pipeline to inertize the oil and gas, and then recovers the inerted oil and gas into the oil and gas recovery device, so as to recycle and treat the oil and gas generated by such ships to reduce their exhaust gas emissions during loading. The research and development and application of this technology can solve the problem that such ships cannot recover oil and gas. Summary of the invention

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an emission reduction and nitrogen filling technology for gasoline loading ships with a gross tonnage of less than 8,000 tons, the emission reduction and nitrogen filling technology comprising the following steps: Step 1: Modify the operation procedures of the ship, the reservoir area and the shore; Step 2: Reconstruct the nitrogen pipeline at the front of the wharf, and study and select a self-acting automatic regulating valve to autonomously adjust the control parameters of the recovered oil and gas. The self-acting regulating valve effectively controls the pressure of the nitrogen filled into the gas phase pipeline, so as to control the amount of nitrogen entering the pipeline. It can effectively control the amount of nitrogen used and make the oxygen content of the mixed gas of nitrogen and oil and gas in the gas phase pipeline not higher than 8% and the pressure not higher than 14Kpa, so as to ensure the smooth operation of the oil and gas recovery system and the safety and reliability of production operations; Step 3: Turn on the oil and gas recovery system, switch to the internal circulation mode, and turn on the front-line ship and shore safety device; Step 4: Based on the functions of the existing nitrogen automation system, a special nitrogen filling mode for oil and gas recovery is developed. A group of nitrogen tanks are used to fill the gas phase pipeline with nitrogen for inerting. To ensure the smooth progress of the operation, during the nitrogen filling process, the nitrogen generator and air compressor are simultaneously turned on to extract nitrogen, and the nitrogen is used while being made to ensure an uninterrupted supply of nitrogen; Step 5: After starting the pump and loading the ship, switch the oil and gas recovery system to the external circulation process of the corresponding storage area; Step 6: Ensure that the oxygen content does not exceed 8% and the pressure does not exceed 14Kpa by adjusting the opening of the self-operated regulating valve; Step 7: During the operation, pay attention to the oxygen content and pressure changes in the gas pipeline at any time and make timely adjustments; Step 8. After the operation is completed, shut down the nitrogen, shut down the ship-shore safety devices, switch the oil and gas recovery device to internal circulation, stop the pump, and stop the oil and gas recovery device.

[0008] Preferably, the ship loading operation is carried out in accordance with the existing process flow of the "Process Operation Ticket", and the operating procedures of the ship, the storage area and the terminal are modified to organize the gasoline loading operation.

[0009] Preferably, during the operation, the changes in oxygen concentration, intake pressure and nitrogen usage are monitored in real time, and the technology is adjusted and optimized in a timely manner.

[0010] Preferably, the nitrogen pipeline is modified and connected to the oil and gas inlet of the gas phase pipeline at the front end of the ship-shore safety device, and a self-operated regulating valve is designed to achieve precise control of the nitrogen dosage to ensure that the oxygen content and pressure of the oil and gas are within the control requirements.

[0011] Preferably, the nitrogen automation system is adjusted to a nitrogen filling mode dedicated to oil and gas recovery, nitrogen is automatically filled into the gas phase pipeline, and the oil and gas recovery system of the No. 2 distribution station is started to prepare for oil and gas recovery processing.

[0012] Preferably, after the processes of the ship, the storage area and the terminal have been adjusted, the pump is started to load the ship, and the ship-shore safety devices and the oil and gas recovery system are turned on at the same time to allow the nitrogen and oil and gas to be fully mixed in the gas phase pipeline, and the oil and gas are inerted with nitrogen. The oxygen content concentration is controlled to not exceed 8% and the intake pressure is controlled to not exceed 14KPa through the self-operated regulating valve.

[0013] Preferably, the self-operated regulating valve relies on the pressure and temperature of the medium flowing through the valve as energy to drive the valve to work automatically, and does not require an external power supply and a regulating valve with secondary instruments.

[0014] Preferably, nitrogen can react with hydrogen to generate ammonia under high temperature, high pressure and catalyst conditions, and can combine with oxygen to generate nitric oxide under discharge conditions.

[0015] Preferably, the carbon molecular sieve of the nitrogen generator can adsorb oxygen and nitrogen in the air at the same time, and the adsorption amount increases with the increase of pressure, and there is no obvious difference in the equilibrium adsorption amount of oxygen and nitrogen at the same pressure.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention studies the emission reduction and nitrogen filling technology for gasoline loading on ships with a gross tonnage of less than 8,000, thereby realizing oil and gas recovery during loading operations of such ships, further reducing the emission of volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere during loading operations of ships with a gross tonnage of less than 8,000, improving the environmental conditions for loading and unloading operations, reducing exhaust gas emissions and environmental pollution, and is an important practical measure for oil loading and unloading terminals to implement environmental protection requirements, with high economic and social benefits and great application and promotion value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic flow chart of the emission reduction and nitrogen filling technology for gasoline loading on ships with a gross tonnage of less than 8,000 tons. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a technical solution: an emission reduction and nitrogen filling technology for gasoline loading ships with a gross tonnage of less than 8,000 tons, the emission reduction and nitrogen filling technology comprising the following steps: Step 1: Modify the operation procedures of the ship, the reservoir area and the shore; Step 2: Reconstruct the nitrogen pipeline at the front of the wharf, and study and select a self-acting automatic regulating valve to autonomously adjust the control parameters of the recovered oil and gas. The self-acting regulating valve effectively controls the pressure of the nitrogen filled into the gas phase pipeline, so as to control the amount of nitrogen entering the pipeline. It can effectively control the amount of nitrogen used and make the oxygen content of the mixed gas of nitrogen and oil and gas in the gas phase pipeline not higher than 8% and the pressure not higher than 14Kpa, so as to ensure the smooth operation of the oil and gas recovery system and the safety and reliability of production operations; Step 3: Turn on the oil and gas recovery system, switch to the internal circulation mode, and turn on the front-line ship and shore safety device; Step 4: Based on the functions of the existing nitrogen automation system, a special nitrogen filling mode for oil and gas recovery is developed. A group of nitrogen tanks are used to fill the gas phase pipeline with nitrogen for inerting. To ensure the smooth progress of the operation, during the nitrogen filling process, the nitrogen generator and air compressor are simultaneously turned on to extract nitrogen, and the nitrogen is used while being made to ensure an uninterrupted supply of nitrogen; Step 5: After starting the pump and loading the ship, switch the oil and gas recovery system to the external circulation process of the corresponding storage area; Step 6: Ensure that the oxygen content does not exceed 8% and the pressure does not exceed 14Kpa by adjusting the opening of the self-operated regulating valve; Step 7: During the operation, pay attention to the oxygen content and pressure changes in the gas pipeline at any time and make timely adjustments; Step 8. After the operation is completed, shut down the nitrogen, shut down the ship-shore safety devices, switch the oil and gas recovery device to internal circulation, stop the pump, and stop the oil and gas recovery device.

[0020] Among them, the ship loading operation follows the existing process flow of the "Process Operation Ticket", adapts the operation process of the ship, the storage area and the terminal, and organizes the gasoline loading operation.

[0021] During the operation, real-time attention is paid to changes in oxygen concentration, intake pressure and nitrogen usage, and the technology is adjusted and optimized in a timely manner.

[0022] Among them, the nitrogen pipeline was modified and connected to the oil and gas inlet of the gas phase pipeline at the front end of the ship-shore safety device, and a self-operated regulating valve was designed to achieve precise control of the nitrogen consumption to ensure that the oxygen content and pressure of the oil and gas were within the control requirements.

[0023] Among them, the nitrogen automation system is adjusted to the nitrogen filling mode dedicated to oil and gas recovery, nitrogen is automatically filled into the gas phase pipeline, and the oil and gas recovery system of the No. 2 distribution station is started to prepare for the recovery and processing of oil and gas.

[0024] Among them, after the process of the ship, the storage area and the terminal is flexible, the pump is started to load the ship, and the ship-shore safety devices and the oil and gas recovery system are turned on at the same time to make the nitrogen and oil and gas fully mixed in the gas phase pipeline, and the oil and gas are inerted with nitrogen. The oxygen content concentration is controlled to not exceed 8% through the self-operated regulating valve, and the intake pressure is controlled to not exceed 14KPa.

[0025] Among them, the self-operated regulating valve relies on the pressure and temperature of the medium flowing through the valve as energy to drive the valve to work automatically, and does not require an external power supply and a secondary instrument regulating valve.

[0026] Among them, nitrogen can only react with hydrogen to produce ammonia under high temperature, high pressure and catalyst conditions, and can combine with oxygen to produce nitric oxide under discharge.

[0027] Among them, the carbon molecular sieve of the nitrogen generator can adsorb oxygen and nitrogen in the air at the same time, and its adsorption amount increases with the increase of pressure, and there is no obvious difference in the equilibrium adsorption amount of oxygen and nitrogen at the same pressure.

[0028] It should be noted that, for the emission reduction and nitrogen filling of gasoline ships with a gross tonnage of less than 8,000 tons, the present invention firstly changes the operation process of the ship, the storage area and the shore; secondly, the nitrogen pipeline is modified at the front of the wharf, and a self-operated automatic regulating valve is selected to autonomously adjust the control parameters of the recovered oil and gas. The pressure of the nitrogen filled into the gas phase pipeline is effectively controlled by the self-operated regulating valve, so as to control the amount of nitrogen entering the pipeline, which can effectively control the amount of nitrogen used and make the oxygen content of the mixed gas of nitrogen and oil and gas in the gas phase pipeline not higher than 8% and the pressure not higher than 14Kpa, so as to ensure the smooth operation of the oil and gas recovery system and the safety and reliability of the production operation, and then start the oil and gas recovery system, switch to the internal circulation mode, and start the front ship and shore safety device at the same time. At the same time, based on the functions of the existing nitrogen automation system, a special nitrogen filling mode for oil and gas recovery is developed. A group of nitrogen tanks are used to fill the gas phase pipeline with nitrogen for inerting. To ensure the smooth progress of the operation, this mode simultaneously starts the nitrogen generator and the air compressor to extract nitrogen during the nitrogen filling process, and uses it while making it to ensure the uninterrupted supply of nitrogen. After starting the pump and loading the ship, the oil and gas recovery system is switched to the external circulation process of the corresponding storage area; by adjusting the opening of the self-acting regulating valve, the oxygen content is guaranteed not to exceed 8% and the pressure is guaranteed not to exceed 14Kpa; during the operation, pay attention to the oxygen content and pressure changes in the gas phase pipeline at any time, and make timely adjustments; after the operation is completed, shut down the nitrogen, shut down the ship and shore safety devices, and switch the oil and gas recovery device to the internal circulation; after stopping the pump, stop the oil and gas recovery device.

[0029] By studying the emission reduction and nitrogen filling technology for gasoline loading ships with a gross tonnage of less than 8,000, oil and gas recovery during loading operations of such ships has been achieved, further reducing the emission of volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere during loading operations of ships with a gross tonnage of less than 8,000, improving the environmental conditions for loading and unloading operations, reducing exhaust gas emissions and environmental pollution. It is an important practical measure for oil loading and unloading terminals to implement environmental protection requirements, with high economic and social benefits and great application and promotion value.

[0030] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic features of the present invention. Therefore, no matter from which point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the attached claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are included in the present invention. Any figure mark in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0031] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A technology for reducing emissions and filling with nitrogen for gasoline ships with a gross tonnage of less than 8,000 tons, characterized by: The emission reduction nitrogen filling technology includes the following steps: Step 1: Modify the operation procedures of the ship, the reservoir area and the shore; Step 2: Reconstruct the nitrogen pipeline at the front of the wharf, and study and select a self-acting automatic regulating valve to autonomously adjust the control parameters of the recovered oil and gas. The self-acting regulating valve effectively controls the pressure of the nitrogen filled into the gas phase pipeline, so as to control the amount of nitrogen entering the pipeline. This not only effectively controls the amount of nitrogen used, but also makes the oxygen content of the mixed gas of nitrogen and oil and gas in the gas phase pipeline not higher than 8% and the pressure not higher than 14Kpa, ensuring the smooth operation of the oil and gas recovery system and the safety and reliability of production operations; Step 3: Turn on the oil and gas recovery system, switch to the internal circulation mode, and turn on the front-line ship and shore safety device; Step 4: Based on the functions of the existing nitrogen automation system, a special nitrogen filling mode for oil and gas recovery is developed. A group of nitrogen tanks are used to fill the gas phase pipeline with nitrogen for inerting. To ensure the smooth progress of the operation, during the nitrogen filling process, the nitrogen generator and air compressor are simultaneously turned on to extract nitrogen, and the nitrogen is used while being made to ensure an uninterrupted supply of nitrogen; Step 5: After starting the pump and loading the ship, switch the oil and gas recovery system to the external circulation process of the corresponding storage area; Step 6: Ensure that the oxygen content does not exceed 8% and the pressure does not exceed 14Kpa by adjusting the opening of the self-operated regulating valve; Step 7: During the operation, pay attention to the oxygen content and pressure changes in the gas pipeline at any time and make timely adjustments; Step 8. After the operation is completed, shut down the nitrogen, shut down the ship-shore safety devices, switch the oil and gas recovery device to internal circulation, stop the pump, and stop the oil and gas recovery device.

2. The emission reduction and nitrogen filling technology for gasoline loading on ships with a gross tonnage of less than 8,000 tons according to claim 1 is characterized by: The ship loading operation shall be carried out in accordance with the existing process flow of the "Process Operation Ticket", and the operating procedures of the ship, the storage area and the terminal shall be modified to organize the gasoline loading operation.

3. The emission reduction and nitrogen filling technology for gasoline loading on ships with a gross tonnage of less than 8,000 according to claim 1 is characterized by: During the operation, pay real-time attention to changes in oxygen concentration, intake pressure and nitrogen usage, and adjust and optimize the technology in a timely manner.

4. The emission reduction and nitrogen filling technology for gasoline loading on ships with a gross tonnage of less than 8,000 according to claim 1 is characterized by: The nitrogen pipeline is modified and connected to the oil and gas inlet of the gas phase pipeline at the front end of the ship-shore safety device. A self-operated regulating valve is designed to achieve precise control of the nitrogen usage to ensure that the oxygen content and pressure of the oil and gas are within the control requirements.

5. The emission reduction and nitrogen filling technology for gasoline loading on ships with a gross tonnage of less than 8,000 tons according to claim 1 is characterized by: The nitrogen automation system is adjusted to the nitrogen filling mode dedicated to oil and gas recovery, nitrogen is automatically filled into the gas phase pipeline, and the oil and gas recovery system of the No. 2 distribution station is started to prepare for oil and gas recovery.

6. The emission reduction and nitrogen filling technology for gasoline loading on ships with a gross tonnage of less than 8,000 according to claim 1 is characterized by: After the procedures of the ship, the storage area and the terminal have been adjusted, the pumps are started to load the ship. At the same time, the ship-shore safety devices and the oil and gas recovery system are turned on to fully mix the nitrogen and the oil and gas in the gas pipeline. The oil and gas are inerted with nitrogen, and the oxygen concentration is controlled to not exceed 8% and the air intake pressure is controlled to not exceed 14KPa through the self-operated regulating valve.

7. The emission reduction and nitrogen filling technology for gasoline loading on ships with a gross tonnage of less than 8,000 tons according to claim 6 is characterized by: The self-operated regulating valve relies on the pressure and temperature of the medium flowing through the valve as energy to drive the valve to work automatically, and does not require an external power supply and a regulating valve with secondary instruments.

8. The emission reduction and nitrogen filling technology for gasoline loading on ships with a gross tonnage of less than 8,000 tons according to claim 1 is characterized by: Nitrogen can only react with hydrogen to form ammonia under high temperature, high pressure and catalyst conditions, and can combine with oxygen to form nitric oxide under discharge.

9. The emission reduction and nitrogen filling technology for gasoline loading on ships with a gross tonnage of less than 8,000 according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carbon molecular sieve of the nitrogen generator can adsorb oxygen and nitrogen in the air at the same time, and the adsorption amount increases with the increase of pressure, and there is no obvious difference in the equilibrium adsorption amount of oxygen and nitrogen at the same pressure.

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