Centralized control type winching load test device

Abstract

The invention relates to a centralized control type winching load test device which is characterized in that the bottom ends of a left stand column and a right stand column are fixedly connected with an embedded base, the upper ends of the left stand column and the right stand column are jointly connected with a cross beam through bolts, and four fixed-point pulleys are arranged at the front and rear parts of the two ends and the middle part of the cross beam; steering mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the fixed-point pulley in the middle of the cross beam, the four fixed-point pulleys are connected with the steering mechanisms through steel ropes to achieve left-right movement of the steering mechanisms, and the steel ropes are connected with a movable balance weight structure. According to the invention, the load test work of hoisting equipment, especially winching, can be carried out; due to the arrangement of the lifting structures on the two sides, a centralized control winch synchronism improvement test is carried out, and the working efficiency in an inspection test is improved; the movable counterweight structure can change the test load according to different requirements; and meanwhile, on-site construction safety is improved, equipment hidden dangers are reduced, and wide market application prospects are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of transmission line tower assembly, and in particular relates to a load test device for a centralized controlled capstan. Background Art

[0002] The development strategy of State Grid Corporation of China is to build a strong and smart grid. As an important physical channel for power transmission, transmission lines have become the basic guarantee for building a strong and smart grid, and they also play an important role in the composition of smart grids. With the development of transmission grid construction, the construction of UHV projects has increased year by year, and the construction of small and medium-sized grids has been gradually promoted.

[0003] At present, the commonly used tower assembly methods include double horizontal arm boom, double rocker arm boom, and internal suspended boom in addition to mobile cranes. All of these tower assembly methods require the use of capstans. The double rocker arm also uses a centralized controlled capstan (1-to-4 type). Capstans are also widely used for lifting and working during the wiring stage.

[0004] Both double-drum capstans and centrally controlled capstans require testing and inspection. Compared with traditional capstans, centrally controlled capstans have higher testing requirements. Centrally controlled capstans are used for double rocker arm tower assembly, with 2 units for lifting and 2 units for luffing. Centrally controlled capstans may have the following problems during use:

[0005] 1. The lifting synchronization of the two capstans, including the lifting synchronization and the amplitude change synchronization, requires regular inspection during the management process to avoid the safety hazards of asynchronous lifting during use.

[0006] 2. Check whether the rated load of the capstan meets the use requirements to prevent safety accidents from occurring during the lifting process if the capstan load does not meet the use requirements.

[0007] 3. The lifting speed of the capstan does not meet the requirements. It is necessary to check whether the lifting speed meets the equipment specification requirements before use.

[0008] 4. Check whether the brake of the capstan grinder is abnormal, whether the brake is timely, and whether there is any grinding phenomenon.

[0009] Therefore, the present invention designs a suitable centralized control capstan load test device, which can meet the experimental requirements of these two types of capstans. Summary of the invention

[0010] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a load testing device for a centralized controlled capstan, which can carry out a synchronous lifting test of the centralized controlled capstan, use the rated test block load to carry out a rated load test of the capstan, and avoid safety accidents caused by insufficient power of the capstan; carry out a full range of tests on the capstan in a simulated on-site construction environment to ensure project safety.

[0011] The present invention solves the technical problem by the following technical solutions:

[0012] A load test device for a centralized controlled capstan, comprising a test unit, a ground anchor fixing point and a movable counterweight structure; the test unit comprises a pre-embedded base, a gantry lifting frame and a steering mechanism, the gantry lifting frame comprises a symmetrically arranged left column and a right column, the bottom ends of the left column and the right column are fixedly connected to the pre-embedded base, the upper ends of the left column and the right column are commonly bolted to a crossbeam, a total of four fixed-point pulleys are arranged at both ends and the front and rear of the middle of the crossbeam, the steering mechanism is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the fixed-point pulley located in the middle of the crossbeam, the four fixed-point pulleys are connected to the steering mechanism by steel ropes to realize the left and right movement of the steering mechanism, and the steel ropes are connected to the movable counterweight structure.

[0013] Moreover, the fixed pulley includes a fixed pulley shaft, a fixed pulley wheel, a clamping plate and a connecting bolt. The fixed pulley wheel is mounted on the fixed pulley shaft, and the clamping plates are pressed on both sides of the fixed pulley wheel. One side of the two clamping plates is fixed by the connecting bolts. One end of the steel rope is connected to the clamping plate of the steering mechanism. The steel rope is sequentially wound through the two fixed pulleys in the middle of the beam, the fixed pulley on the right side of the right column, and then connected to the movable counterweight structure.

[0014] Moreover, the steering mechanism includes a clamping plate, a shackle and a lifting pulley. The clamping plate is fixed to the crossbeam by bolts, the shackle is connected to the lower part of the clamping plate, and the lower part of the shackle is connected to the steering pulley. One end of the steel rope is connected to the movable counterweight structure, and the other end is connected to the clamping plate. The steel rope is lifted by the lifting pulley of the steering mechanism, and the other end of the steering pulley on the ground is connected to the capstan to realize the reversing movement of the steering mechanism.

[0015] Moreover, the anchor fixing points are four ship-shaped anchors, which are buried underground. The ship-shaped anchors include anchor panels, reinforcing ribs and connecting rings. The ship-shaped anchors are used to fix and install a capstan and a tail rope collection device.

[0016] Moreover, the movable counterweight structure includes a movable pulley, a bottom row of the counterweight trolley, a detachable counterweight plate and a counterweight plate mounting column. The counterweight plate mounting column is fixedly installed in the middle of the bottom row of the counterweight trolley. The counterweight plate is inserted into the counterweight plate mounting column and placed in an overlapping manner. The movable pulleys are fixedly installed at the four corners of the bottom row of the counterweight trolley. The two movable pulleys located in the front row are universal wheels, and the two movable pulleys located in the back row are fixed wheels.

[0017] Moreover, two oblique support rods with different inclinations are connected between the left column and the right column and the embedded base, the oblique support rods and the embedded base are fixedly connected by anchor bolts, the oblique support rods and the left column and the right column are welded, and a horizontal support rod is connected between the two oblique support rods with different inclinations.

[0018] Moreover, the embedded foundation is a prefabricated concrete square foundation or embedded anchor bolts or spiral anchors.

[0019] Moreover, the left column, the right column, the oblique support rod, the transverse support rod and the crossbeam are channel steel or I-beam structures.

[0020] The advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] The present invention can carry out load testing of lifting equipment, especially capstans; the arrangement of lifting structures on both sides can carry out centralized control of the capstan synchronization lifting test, thereby improving the work efficiency in the inspection test; the movable counterweight structure can change the test load according to different needs; at the same time, it can improve on-site construction safety, reduce equipment hidden dangers, and has broad market application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the test unit of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the site layout of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the fixed-point pulley structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the ship-shaped anchor structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the movable counterweight structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 for Figure 1 Side view of.

[0028] 1-embedded base, 2-fixed pulley, 3-crossbeam, 4-steel rope, 5-steering mechanism, 6-right column, 7-oblique support rod, 8-cross support rod, 9-left column, 10-fixed pulley shaft, 11-fixed pulley runner, 12-connecting bolts, 13-clamp, 14-reinforcement ribs, 15-lifting ring, 16-ground anchor panel, 17-counterweight plate installation column, 18-bottom row of counterweight trolley, 19-counterweight plate, 20-movable pulley. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention is further described in detail below through specific examples. The following examples are only illustrative and not restrictive, and the protection scope of the present invention cannot be limited thereto.

[0030] like Figure 1 , 3 As shown in Figures 4, 5 and 6, a load test device for a centralized controlled capstan is innovative in that it includes a test unit, a ground anchor fixing point and a movable counterweight structure.

[0031] The test unit includes a pre-embedded base 1, a gantry lifting frame and a steering mechanism 5. The gantry lifting frame includes a symmetrically arranged left column 9 and a right column 6. The bottom ends of the left column and the right column are fixedly connected to the pre-embedded base. The pre-embedded base is a precast concrete square base or a pre-embedded anchor bolt or a spiral anchor. Two oblique support rods 7 with different inclinations are connected between the left column and the right column and the pre-embedded base. The oblique support rods are fixedly connected to the pre-embedded base through anchor bolts. The oblique support rods are welded to the left column and the right column. A cross support rod 8 is connected between the two oblique support rods with different inclinations. The left column, the right column, the oblique support rod, the cross support rod and the crossbeam are channel steel or I-beam structures.

[0032] The upper ends of the left column and the right column are commonly bolted to a crossbeam 3, and four fixed pulleys 2 are arranged at both ends and the front and rear of the middle part of the crossbeam. The steering mechanism is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the fixed pulley in the middle of the crossbeam. The four fixed pulleys are connected to the steering mechanism by steel ropes to realize the left and right movement of the steering mechanism, and the steel ropes are connected to the movable counterweight structure.

[0033] The fixed pulley includes a fixed pulley shaft 10, a fixed pulley wheel 11, a clamping plate 13 and a connecting bolt 12. The fixed pulley wheel is mounted on the fixed pulley shaft, and the clamping plates are pressed on both sides of the fixed pulley wheel. One side of the two clamping plates are fixed by the connecting bolts. One end of the steel rope is connected to the clamping plate of the steering mechanism. The steel rope 4 is sequentially wound through the two fixed pulleys in the middle of the beam, the fixed pulley on the right side of the right column, and then connected to the movable counterweight structure.

[0034] The steering mechanism includes a clamping plate, a shackle and a lifting pulley. The clamping plate is fixed to the beam by bolts, the shackle is connected to the clamping plate below, and the steering pulley is connected to the shackle below. One end of the steel rope is connected to a movable counterweight structure, and the other end is connected to the clamping plate. The steel rope is lifted by the lifting pulley of the steering mechanism, and the other end of the steering pulley on the ground is connected to the capstan to realize the reversing movement of the steering mechanism.

[0035] The anchor fixing points are four ship-shaped anchors, which are buried underground. The ship-shaped anchors include an anchor panel 16, reinforcing ribs 14 and a connecting ring 15. The ship-shaped anchors are used to fix and install a capstan and a tail rope collection device.

[0036] The movable counterweight structure includes a movable pulley 20, a bottom row 18 of the counterweight trolley, a detachable counterweight plate 19 and a counterweight plate mounting column 17. The counterweight plate mounting column is fixedly installed in the middle of the bottom row of the counterweight trolley. The counterweight plate is inserted into the counterweight plate mounting column and placed in an overlapping manner. The movable pulleys are fixedly installed at the four corners of the bottom row of the counterweight trolley. The two movable pulleys in the front row are universal wheels, and the two movable pulleys in the back row are fixed wheels.

[0037] like Figure 2 As shown, the site layout test site of the present invention is selected to be 30m long and 10m wide. The load test frame adopts a strip foundation form, which is cast with anchor bolts. The upper load test frame is welded, and the crossbeam of the load test frame is connected by assembled bolts. The load test frame is fixed with 12 M20 anchor bolts, and the diagonal braces of the load test frames on both sides are 10 M20 anchor bolts. The foundation is a strip foundation integral casting type. The test counterweight blocks are divided into two types: 5t and 7.5t, and a counterweight body type is adopted. The experimental grinding rope adopts φ16 steel wire rope. The capstan fixing anchor is fixed with an 8.5t anchor.

[0038] The tools and personnel required for the present invention are:

[0039] name quantity name quantity Double drum capstan 5t 2 units Counterweight 4 Ground anchor 8.5t / 10t 4 Shackle 10t 20 Ground anchor 5 Lifting block 10t 6 Load test frame 1 Grinding rope 2 roots excavator 1 unit

[0040] In addition to the above construction tools, you also need to prepare theodolite, level, steel tape measure, sandpaper, commercial concrete, anchor bolt positioning frame and other tools.

[0041] The layout of the test site and the specific test operators are as follows:

[0042]

[0043] The construction process of the present invention is:

[0044] 1. Preliminary preparation

[0045] Construction tools, theodolite, level ruler, shovel, wire, etc.; site leveling and marking; construction precautions and construction safety precautions

[0046] Load test frame foundation pit division: reasonable pit division according to the size of the load test frame

[0047] Ground anchor foundation pit division: according to the load test frame center and the capstan outlet point, the load test frame center anchor point is in a straight line, select the appropriate capstan position, and divide the capstan anchor pit and the three load test frame anchor points in turn.

[0048] Load test frame foundation pouring: After fixing the load test frame foundation bolts, pour concrete

[0049] Concealment of ground anchors and installation of load test frames;

[0050] Site leveling and marking;

[0051] Force point calculation

[0052] 1. Overall force of the capstan

[0053] The capstan is subjected to a horizontal 5t tension and the bearing capacity of the foundation, and is subjected to tension from two anchors at the rear. The above tensions are balanced. To ensure that higher tension test requirements can be met in the future, the single anchor of the present invention is designed to be subjected to 5t.

[0054] (1) Force balance: F1 horizontal component = F tensile force

[0055] F1 vertical component + G = F2

[0056] The vertical direction is mainly about the calculation of foundation bearing capacity

[0057] The present invention mainly checks the force balance in the horizontal direction, that is, checks the anchor:

[0058] According to Sin45°*F1=F, we can get F1=F / sin45°

[0059] There are two ground anchors behind the capstan. Ideally, the force on a single anchor is F1 / 2.

[0060] (2) The ground anchor uses an 8.5t steel plate ground anchor. The ground anchor force calculation formula is:

[0061] in: (Parameters refer to the anchor force calculation table)

[0062] After calculation, the allowable pull-out force of 1400×400 steel plate anchor (8.5t) at α=45° is as follows:

[0063]

[0064] According to the calculation results, the burial depth of the ground anchor is selected according to the hard soil in this section, and the burial depth of the ground anchor is 1.5m to meet the requirements.

[0065] (3) Selection of anchor bolts

[0066] GB / T799 anchor bolts, performance levels 4.6, 5.6, 6.8. Calculate using a simple formula

[0067] The effective diameter of M20 is Φ17, and the effective cross-sectional area of ​​M20 is 227mm 2

[0068] The tensile strength of M20 (4.6 grade) bolts is not less than 460MPaX227 (square millimeters) = 104.4kN, that is, 10.4 tons

[0069] The tensile strength of an M20 (grade 5.6) bolt is not less than 560 MPaX227 (square millimeters) = 127.1 kN, that is, 12.7 tons.

[0070] M20 (6.8 grade) bolts, tensile strength is not less than 615Mpa*227 square millimeters = 139.605KN, that is, 13.9605 tons

[0071] Therefore, grade 6.8 is selected, with a safety factor of 2 and 6 bolts on one side of the column, and the strength meets the requirements.

[0072] The shear strength of bolts is much greater than their tensile strength, so bolts are selected based on their tensile strength.

[0073] Although the embodiments and drawings of the present invention are disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various substitutions, changes and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention and the appended claims. Therefore, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents disclosed in the embodiments and drawings.

Claims

1. A load test device for a centrally controlled capstan, characterized in that: It includes a test unit, a ground anchor fixing point and a movable counterweight structure; the test unit includes a pre-embedded base, a gantry lifting frame and a steering mechanism, the gantry lifting frame includes a symmetrically arranged left column and a right column, the bottom ends of the left column and the right column are fixedly connected to the pre-embedded base, the upper ends of the left column and the right column are commonly bolted to a crossbeam, four fixed-point pulleys are arranged at both ends and the front and rear of the middle of the crossbeam, the steering mechanism is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the fixed-point pulley located in the middle of the crossbeam, the four fixed-point pulleys are connected to the steering mechanism by steel ropes to realize the left and right movement of the steering mechanism, and the steel ropes are connected to the movable counterweight structure.

2. The load test device for a centrally controlled capstan according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed pulley includes a fixed pulley shaft, a fixed pulley wheel, a clamping plate and a connecting bolt. The fixed pulley wheel is mounted on the fixed pulley shaft, and the clamping plates are pressed on both sides of the fixed pulley wheel. One side of the two clamping plates is fixed by the connecting bolts. One end of the steel rope is connected to the clamping plate of the steering mechanism. The steel rope is sequentially wound through the two fixed pulleys in the middle of the beam, the fixed pulley on the right side of the right column, and then connected to the movable counterweight structure.

3. The load test device for a centralized controlled capstan according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steering mechanism includes a clamping plate, a shackle and a lifting pulley. The clamping plate is fixed to the beam by bolts, the shackle is connected to the clamping plate below, and the steering pulley is connected to the shackle below. One end of the steel rope is connected to a movable counterweight structure, and the other end is connected to the clamping plate. The steel rope is lifted by the lifting pulley of the steering mechanism, and the other end of the steering pulley on the ground is connected to the capstan to realize the reversing movement of the steering mechanism.

4. The load test device for a centralized controlled capstan according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor fixing points are four ship-shaped anchors, which are buried underground. The ship-shaped anchors include an anchor panel, reinforcing ribs and a connecting ring. The ship-shaped anchors are used to fix and install a capstan and a tail rope collection device.

5. The load test device for a centralized controlled capstan according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable counterweight structure includes a movable pulley, a bottom row of the counterweight trolley, a detachable counterweight plate and a counterweight plate mounting column. The counterweight plate mounting column is fixedly installed in the middle of the bottom row of the counterweight trolley. The counterweight plate is inserted into the counterweight plate mounting column and placed in an overlapping manner. The movable pulleys are fixedly installed at the four corners of the bottom row of the counterweight trolley. The two movable pulleys located in the front row are universal wheels, and the two movable pulleys located in the back row are fixed wheels.

6. The load test device for a centralized controlled capstan according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two oblique support rods with different inclinations are connected between the left column and the right column and the embedded base. The oblique support rods are fixedly connected to the embedded base by anchor bolts. The oblique support rods are welded to the left column and the right column. A horizontal support rod is connected between the two oblique support rods with different inclinations.

7. The load test device for a centrally controlled capstan according to claim 1, characterized in that: The embedded foundation is a prefabricated concrete square foundation or embedded foundation bolts or spiral anchors.

8. The load test device for a centralized controlled capstan according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left column, the right column, the oblique support rod, the horizontal support rod and the crossbeam are channel steel or I-beam structures.

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