Sewage discharge monitoring system based on water body detection and method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of environment monitoring, in particular to a pollution discharge monitoring system and method based on water body detection, and the pollution discharge monitoring method comprises the following steps: S1, setting a plurality of water quality monitoring points on a flowing path of a water body needing to be monitored; s2, judging whether pollution discharge of the current water quality monitoring point exceeds the standard or not; s3, marking the water quality monitoring point with the pollution discharge exceeding the standard as a control monitoring point, extracting a flowing path of the water body flowing out of the control monitoring point, and closing a control valve of the last water quality monitoring point flowing through the flowing path; s4, checking a pollution source in the pollution flow section, calculating the flow rates of the current water quality detection point and the downstream water quality detection points to obtain the last downstream water quality detection point through which the sewage which is discharged in a standard exceeding manner flows, and adjusting the flow rate of the downstream water quality detection point, so that the water which is not discharged in the standard exceeding manner can be discharged to the maximum extent. The water body exceeding discharge is blocked in time, so that the environment pollution is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of environmental monitoring, and in particular to a sewage discharge monitoring system and method based on water body detection. Background Art

[0002] Recently, with the development of network technology, some online real-time water quality detection equipment has been proposed. These online real-time water quality detection equipment can be installed at the monitoring point, and use the network such as telecommunications network, Internet, etc. to send the detection data to the remote monitoring center. In this way, the monitoring system can reduce the dependence on manpower, increase the sampling points and improve the sampling frequency at a lower cost.

[0003] Since water body detection takes a certain amount of time, when a monitoring point fails the water body detection, its sewage has already been discharged downstream. Since the information between the various monitoring points is isolated, the automatic monitoring system will simply control the current monitoring point to stop discharging sewage, and the sewage flowing downward cannot be processed in time, resulting in environmental pollution problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a sewage discharge monitoring system and method based on water body detection to solve the problems raised in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a sewage monitoring method based on water body detection, the sewage monitoring method comprising the following steps: S1. Several water quality monitoring points are set up on the flow path of the water body to be monitored. The water quality monitoring points are provided with water quality monitoring devices and control valves. The water quality monitoring devices are used to detect the water quality of the water body, and the control valves are used to control the flow of the water body; S2, obtaining water quality test data at the water quality monitoring point, determining whether the current water quality monitoring point has excessive discharge, and if so, proceeding to step S3; S3, marking the water quality monitoring point where the discharge exceeds the standard as a control monitoring point, extracting the flow path of the water flowing out of the control monitoring point, and closing the control valve of the last water quality monitoring point through which the flow path flows; S4. Obtain the historical monitoring records of all water quality monitoring points, which include the excessive emission substances, the excessive emission time and the excessive emission location. Analyze the risk value of each water quality monitoring point according to the historical monitoring records, extract the location of the water quality monitoring point where the risk value reaches the set value, mark the flow area between it and the water quality monitoring point where the control valve is closed as a polluted flow section, and investigate the pollution sources in the polluted flow section.

[0006] Furthermore, the step S1 includes: Laying sewage pipes, through which water is discharged, and setting at least one water quality monitoring point at the intersection of the sewage pipes; Obtaining the path length between two adjacent intersections. When the path length is greater than a path threshold, at least one water quality monitoring point is set between the two adjacent intersections. Set the collection time for each water quality monitoring point, collect water in the sewage pipe when the collection time is reached, obtain water samples, and test the water samples through the water quality monitoring device to obtain water quality test data; Adjusting the opening and closing angle of the control valve is used to adjust the flow rate of the water body.

[0007] Furthermore, the step S2 includes: Extracting water quality test data of the current water quality test point, wherein the water quality test data includes basic physical and chemical indicators, organic matter indicators, nutrient salt indicators, heavy metal indicators, microbial indicators, specific organic pollutants and radioactive indicators; Compare the water quality test data with the discharge standard data to determine whether the sewage discharge exceeds the standard, and mark the determination process as a test record, wherein the test record includes two test results: the discharge exceeds the standard and the discharge does not exceed the standard; If the test result of the test record is that the emission exceeds the standard, proceed to step S3.

[0008] Furthermore, the step S3 includes: If a water quality monitoring point has excessive discharge, it will be used as a target monitoring point, and other water quality monitoring points will be divided into upstream water quality monitoring points and downstream water quality monitoring points according to the flow direction of the water body, wherein the upstream water quality monitoring point is located above the target monitoring point, and the downstream water quality monitoring point is located below the target monitoring point; Obtain the detection record of the last detection result of the target monitoring point, which is that the emission does not exceed the standard, as detection record 1, and the current detection record of the target monitoring point, which is that the emission exceeds the standard, as detection record 2, and mark the time interval between detection record 1 and detection record 2 as detection time period T1; The target detection point and all downstream water quality detection points are taken as marking points, and are divided into marking point 1, marking point 2, marking point 3, ..., marking point n according to the flow direction of the water body; Get the water flow velocity V at each marked point and form a flow velocity set A, where A={V 1 , V 2 , V 3 ,......,V n}; where V 1 , V 2 , V 3 ,......,V nIt is represented as the water flow velocity at the first mark point, the water flow velocity at the second mark point, the water flow velocity at the third mark point, ..., the water flow velocity at the n mark point; Select a certain mark point as the current mark point, mark the time period from the current mark point to the next mark point as the flow time period, calculate the flow time periods between two adjacent mark points in sequence, and form a set B, set B = {t1, t2, t3, ..., tn}, where t1, t2, t3, ..., tn are respectively represented as the flow time period between mark point 1 and mark point 2, the flow time period between mark point 2 and mark point 3, the flow time period between mark point 3 and mark point 4, ..., the flow time period between mark point (n-1) and mark point n; Mark all flow time periods on the time axis, and add the flow time periods in sequence according to the order of the time axis as the control time period T2, and the calculation process is T2=t1+t2+t3+,...,+tn, and only one flow time period is added each time; Extract the last flow time period tn in the process of calculating T2, and obtain the downstream water quality monitoring point corresponding to the corresponding mark point n when calculating tn. If the calculated T2 is equal to T1, the control valve of the downstream water quality monitoring point corresponding to the marked point n is closed; If the calculated T2≠T1, then extract T2<T1, and T2 is closest to T1 corresponding to the mark point n, and use the downstream water quality monitoring point corresponding to the next mark point n+1 of the mark point n as the adjusted water quality monitoring point, and calculate the new flow rate of the control valve of the adjusted water quality monitoring point. The calculation process is: continuously adjust the flow rate V of the mark point n+1 n+1 , until the calculated T2 is equal to T1, then the flow rate is used as the new flow rate input, as the flow rate of the control valve to adjust the water quality monitoring point, and the water body is discharged; The frequency of sampling the water body at the water quality monitoring point is increased to obtain the content of substances exceeding the standard. If the content of substances exceeding the standard increases during multiple tests, the control valve at the water quality monitoring point is closed when the exceeding threshold is reached.

[0009] Furthermore, step S4 includes: obtaining historical monitoring records of all upstream water quality monitoring points, the historical monitoring records including excessive emission substances, excessive emission time and excessive emission location, analyzing the risk value of each upstream water quality monitoring point according to the historical monitoring records, wherein the risk value calculation process of the upstream water quality monitoring point is: taking the ratio of the number of records of excessive emission to the number of historical monitoring records as the risk value β, extracting the location of the upstream water quality monitoring point where the risk value β reaches the set value, marking it with the water flow path between the regulating water quality monitoring points as the polluted flow section, and investigating the pollution sources in the polluted flow section.

[0010] A sewage monitoring system based on water body detection is applied to a sewage monitoring method based on water body detection, wherein the sewage monitoring system comprises a data acquisition module, a detection module, a water body cutoff module and a troubleshooting module; The data acquisition module is used to set a number of water quality monitoring points on the flow path of the water body to be monitored. The water quality monitoring points are provided with water quality monitoring devices and control valves. The water quality monitoring devices are used to detect the water quality of the water body, and the control valves are used to control the flow of the water body. The detection module is used to obtain water quality detection data at the water quality monitoring point, and determine whether the current water quality monitoring point has excessive pollution discharge. If the pollution discharge exceeds the standard, step S3 is performed; The water body cutoff module is used to mark the water quality monitoring point where the sewage discharge exceeds the standard as a control monitoring point, extract the flow path of the water body flowing out of the control monitoring point, and close the control valve of the last water quality monitoring point through which the flow path flows; The investigation module is used to obtain historical monitoring records of all water quality monitoring points, which include excessive emission substances, excessive emission time and excessive emission location. The risk value of each water quality monitoring point is analyzed based on the historical monitoring records, and the location of the water quality monitoring point where the risk value reaches the set value is extracted. The flow area between it and the water quality monitoring point where the control valve is closed is marked as a polluted flow section, and the pollution source in the polluted flow section is investigated.

[0011] Furthermore, the water body cutoff module includes a division unit, a calculation unit and a control unit; the division unit is used to divide other water quality monitoring points into upstream water quality monitoring points and downstream water quality monitoring points according to the flow direction of the water body, wherein the upstream water quality monitoring point is located above the target monitoring point, and the downstream water quality monitoring point is located below the target monitoring point; The calculation unit is used to calculate all downstream water quality detection points that the water body flows through from the target detection point within the detection time period; The control unit is used to control the switch of the control valve of the last downstream water quality detection point through which the water flows from the target detection point.

[0012] Furthermore, the investigation module includes a record retrieval unit and a risk analysis unit. The record retrieval unit is used to retrieve historical monitoring records of water quality monitoring points; the risk analysis unit is used to calculate the risk value of upstream water quality monitoring points, extract the position of upstream water quality monitoring points where the risk value reaches a set value, mark the polluted flow section with the water flow path between the regulating water quality monitoring points, and investigate the pollution sources in the polluted flow section.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: By calculating the flow rate of the current water quality detection point and the downstream water quality detection point, the last downstream water quality detection point through which the sewage discharged in excess of the standard flows can be obtained, and the flow rate of the downstream water quality detection point can be adjusted so that the water body that does not exceed the discharge standard can be discharged to the maximum extent, and the water body that exceeds the discharge standard can be blocked in time to avoid polluting the environment. In addition, the frequency of sampling the water body at the water quality monitoring point can be increased to obtain the content of substances exceeding the standard. If the content of substances exceeding the standard increases during multiple tests, the control valve at the water quality monitoring point is closed in time when the exceeding threshold is reached to avoid the discharge of sewage discharged in excess of the standard, thereby realizing an efficient and accurate automated detection and control system to ensure environmental safety.

[0014] The risk value of each upstream water quality monitoring point can be calculated, and the location of the upstream water quality monitoring point whose risk value reaches the set value can be extracted. The water flow path between the upstream water quality monitoring point and the regulating water quality monitoring point can be marked as a polluted flow section, and the pollution source in the polluted flow section can be checked. The scope of the investigation can be narrowed, and the investigation direction can be provided to facilitate rapid identification of the pollution source. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic flow chart of a sewage discharge monitoring method based on water body detection. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] Example: Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a sewage monitoring method based on water body detection, and the sewage monitoring method comprises the following steps: S1. Several water quality monitoring points are set up on the flow path of the water body to be monitored. The water quality monitoring points are provided with water quality monitoring devices and control valves. The water quality monitoring devices are used to detect the water quality of the water body, and the control valves are used to control the flow of the water body; The step S1 comprises: Laying sewage pipes, through which water is discharged, and setting at least one water quality monitoring point at the intersection of the sewage pipes; Obtaining the path length between two adjacent intersections. When the path length is greater than a path threshold, at least one water quality monitoring point is set between the two adjacent intersections. Set the collection time for each water quality monitoring point, collect water in the sewage pipe when the collection time is reached, obtain water samples, and test the water samples through the water quality monitoring device to obtain water quality test data; Adjusting the opening and closing angle of the control valve is used to adjust the flow rate of the water body.

[0018] S2, obtaining water quality test data at the water quality monitoring point, determining whether the current water quality monitoring point has excessive discharge, and if so, proceeding to step S3; The step S2 comprises: Extracting water quality test data of the current water quality test point, wherein the water quality test data includes basic physical and chemical indicators, organic matter indicators, nutrient salt indicators, heavy metal indicators, microbial indicators, specific organic pollutants and radioactive indicators; Compare the water quality test data with the discharge standard data to determine whether the sewage discharge exceeds the standard, and mark the determination process as a test record, wherein the test record includes two test results: the discharge exceeds the standard and the discharge does not exceed the standard; If the test result of the test record is that the emission exceeds the standard, proceed to step S3.

[0019] S3, marking the water quality monitoring point where the discharge exceeds the standard as a control monitoring point, extracting the flow path of the water flowing out of the control monitoring point, and closing the control valve of the last water quality monitoring point through which the flow path flows; The step S3 comprises: If a water quality monitoring point has excessive discharge, it will be used as a target monitoring point, and other water quality monitoring points will be divided into upstream water quality monitoring points and downstream water quality monitoring points according to the flow direction of the water body, wherein the upstream water quality monitoring point is located above the target monitoring point, and the downstream water quality monitoring point is located below the target monitoring point; Obtain the detection record of the last detection result of the target monitoring point, which is that the emission does not exceed the standard, as detection record 1, and the current detection record of the target monitoring point, which is that the emission exceeds the standard, as detection record 2, and mark the time interval between detection record 1 and detection record 2 as detection time period T1; The target detection point and all downstream water quality detection points are taken as marking points, and are divided into marking point 1, marking point 2, marking point 3, ..., marking point n according to the flow direction of the water body; Get the water flow velocity V at each marked point and form a flow velocity set A, where A={V 1 , V 2 , V 3 ,......,V n}; where V 1 , V 2 , V 3 ,......,V n It is represented as the water flow velocity at the first mark point, the water flow velocity at the second mark point, the water flow velocity at the third mark point, ..., the water flow velocity at the n mark point; Select a certain mark point as the current mark point, mark the time period from the current mark point to the next mark point as the flow time period, calculate the flow time periods between two adjacent mark points in sequence, and form a set B, set B = {t1, t2, t3, ..., tn}, where t1, t2, t3, ..., tn are respectively represented as the flow time period between mark point 1 and mark point 2, the flow time period between mark point 2 and mark point 3, the flow time period between mark point 3 and mark point 4, ..., the flow time period between mark point (n-1) and mark point n; Mark all flow time periods on the time axis, and add the flow time periods in sequence according to the order of the time axis as the control time period T2, and the calculation process is T2=t1+t2+t3+,...,+tn, and only one flow time period is added each time; Extract the last flow time period tn in the process of calculating T2, and obtain the downstream water quality monitoring point corresponding to the corresponding mark point n when calculating tn. If the calculated T2 is equal to T1, the control valve of the downstream water quality monitoring point corresponding to the marked point n is closed; If the calculated T2≠T1, then extract T2<T1, and T2 is closest to T1 corresponding to the mark point n, and use the downstream water quality monitoring point corresponding to the next mark point n+1 of the mark point n as the adjusted water quality monitoring point, and calculate the new flow rate of the control valve of the adjusted water quality monitoring point. The calculation process is: continuously adjust the flow rate V of the mark point n+1 n+1 , until the calculated T2 is equal to T1, then the flow rate is used as the new flow rate input, as the flow rate of the control valve to adjust the water quality monitoring point, and the water body is discharged; The frequency of sampling the water body at the water quality monitoring point is increased to obtain the content of substances exceeding the standard. If the content of substances exceeding the standard increases during multiple tests, the control valve at the water quality monitoring point is closed when the exceeding threshold is reached.

[0020] S4. Obtain the historical monitoring records of all water quality monitoring points, which include the excessive emission substances, the excessive emission time and the excessive emission location. Analyze the risk value of each water quality monitoring point according to the historical monitoring records, extract the location of the water quality monitoring point where the risk value reaches the set value, mark the flow area between it and the water quality monitoring point where the control valve is closed as a polluted flow section, and investigate the pollution sources in the polluted flow section.

[0021] The step S4 comprises: obtaining the historical monitoring records of all upstream water quality monitoring points, wherein the historical monitoring records include the excessive discharge substances, the excessive discharge time and the excessive discharge location, and analyzing the risk value of each upstream water quality monitoring point according to the historical monitoring records, wherein the risk value calculation process of the upstream water quality monitoring point is: taking the ratio of the number of records of excessive discharge to the number of historical monitoring records as the risk value β, extracting the location of the upstream water quality monitoring point where the risk value β reaches the set value, marking the polluted flow section with the water flow path between the regulating water quality monitoring points, and investigating the pollution sources in the polluted flow section.

[0022] Embodiment 2: A sewage monitoring system based on water body detection, the sewage monitoring system comprises a data acquisition module, a detection module, a water body cutoff module and a troubleshooting module; The data acquisition module is used to set a number of water quality monitoring points on the flow path of the water body to be monitored. The water quality monitoring points are provided with water quality monitoring devices and control valves. The water quality monitoring devices are used to detect the water quality of the water body, and the control valves are used to control the flow of the water body. The detection module is used to obtain water quality detection data at the water quality monitoring point, and determine whether the current water quality monitoring point has excessive pollution discharge. If the pollution discharge exceeds the standard, step S3 is performed; The water body cutoff module is used to mark the water quality monitoring point where the sewage discharge exceeds the standard as a control monitoring point, extract the flow path of the water body flowing out of the control monitoring point, and close the control valve of the last water quality monitoring point through which the flow path flows; The investigation module is used to obtain historical monitoring records of all water quality monitoring points, which include excessive emission substances, excessive emission time and excessive emission location. The risk value of each water quality monitoring point is analyzed based on the historical monitoring records, and the location of the water quality monitoring point where the risk value reaches the set value is extracted. The flow area between it and the water quality monitoring point where the control valve is closed is marked as a polluted flow section, and the pollution source in the polluted flow section is investigated.

[0023] The water body interception module includes a division unit, a calculation unit and a control unit; the division unit is used to divide other water quality monitoring points into upstream water quality monitoring points and downstream water quality monitoring points according to the flow direction of the water body, wherein the upstream water quality monitoring point is located above the target monitoring point, and the downstream water quality monitoring point is located below the target monitoring point; The calculation unit is used to calculate all downstream water quality detection points that the water body flows through from the target detection point within the detection time period; The control unit is used to control the switch of the control valve of the last downstream water quality detection point through which the water flows from the target detection point.

[0024] The investigation module includes a record retrieval unit and a risk analysis unit. The record retrieval unit is used to retrieve the historical monitoring records of the water quality monitoring point; the risk analysis unit is used to calculate the risk value of the upstream water quality monitoring point, extract the position of the upstream water quality monitoring point where the risk value reaches the set value, mark the polluted flow section with the water flow path between the regulating water quality monitoring point, and investigate the pollution source in the polluted flow section.

[0025] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A sewage monitoring method based on water body detection, characterized in that: The sewage discharge monitoring method comprises the following steps: S1. Several water quality monitoring points are set up on the flow path of the water body to be monitored. The water quality monitoring points are provided with water quality monitoring devices and control valves. The water quality monitoring devices are used to detect the water quality of the water body, and the control valves are used to control the flow of the water body; S2, obtaining water quality test data at the water quality monitoring point, determining whether the current water quality monitoring point has excessive discharge, and if so, proceeding to step S3; S3, marking the water quality monitoring point where the discharge exceeds the standard as a control monitoring point, extracting the flow path of the water flowing out of the control monitoring point, and closing the control valve of the last water quality monitoring point through which the flow path flows; The step S3 comprises: If a water quality monitoring point has excessive discharge, it will be used as a target monitoring point, and other water quality monitoring points will be divided into upstream water quality monitoring points and downstream water quality monitoring points according to the flow direction of the water body, wherein the upstream water quality monitoring point is located above the target monitoring point, and the downstream water quality monitoring point is located below the target monitoring point; Obtain the detection record of the last detection result of the target monitoring point, which is that the emission does not exceed the standard, as detection record 1, and the current detection record of the target monitoring point, which is that the emission exceeds the standard, as detection record 2, and mark the time interval between detection record 1 and detection record 2 as detection time period T1; The target detection point and all downstream water quality detection points are taken as marking points, and are divided into marking point 1, marking point 2, marking point 3, ..., marking point n in sequence according to the flow direction of the water body; Get the water flow velocity V at each marked point and form a flow velocity set A, where A={V1, V2, V3, ..., V n }; where V1, V2, V3, ..., V n It is represented as the water flow velocity at the first mark point, the water flow velocity at the second mark point, the water flow velocity at the third mark point, ..., the water flow velocity at the n mark point; Select a certain mark point as the current mark point, mark the time period from the current mark point to the next mark point as the flow time period, calculate the flow time periods between two adjacent mark points in sequence, and form a set B, set B = {t1, t2, t3, ..., tn}, where t1, t2, t3, ..., tn are respectively represented as the flow time period between mark point 1 and mark point 2, the flow time period between mark point 2 and mark point 3, the flow time period between mark point 3 and mark point 4, ..., the flow time period between mark point (n-1) and mark point n; Mark all flow time periods on the time axis, and add the flow time periods in sequence according to the order of the time axis as the control time period T2, and the calculation process is T2=t1+t2+t3+,...,+tn, and only one flow time period is added each time; Extract the last flow time period tn in the process of calculating T2, and obtain the downstream water quality monitoring point corresponding to the corresponding mark point n when calculating tn. If the calculated T2 is equal to T1, the control valve of the downstream water quality monitoring point corresponding to the marked point n is closed; If the calculated T2≠T1, then extract T2<T1, and T2 is closest to T1 corresponding to the mark point n, and use the downstream water quality monitoring point corresponding to the next mark point n+1 of the mark point n as the adjusted water quality monitoring point, and calculate the new flow rate of the control valve of the adjusted water quality monitoring point. The calculation process is: continuously adjust the flow rate V of the mark point n+1 n+1 , until the calculated T2 is equal to T1, then the flow rate is input as the new flow rate, as the flow rate of the control valve to adjust the water quality monitoring point, and the water body is discharged; The frequency of sampling water bodies at the water quality monitoring point is increased to obtain the content of substances exceeding the standard. If the content of substances exceeding the standard increases during multiple tests, the control valve at the water quality monitoring point is closed when the exceeding threshold is reached. S4. Obtain the historical monitoring records of all water quality monitoring points, which include the excessive emission substances, the excessive emission time and the excessive emission location. Analyze the risk value of each water quality monitoring point according to the historical monitoring records, extract the location of the water quality monitoring point where the risk value reaches the set value, mark the flow area between it and the water quality monitoring point where the control valve is closed as a polluted flow section, and investigate the pollution sources in the polluted flow section.

2. A sewage monitoring method based on water body detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S1 comprises: Laying sewage pipes, through which water is discharged, and setting at least one water quality monitoring point at the intersection of the sewage pipes; Obtaining the path length between two adjacent intersections, when the path length is greater than a path threshold, at least one water quality monitoring point is set between the two adjacent intersections; Set the collection time for each water quality monitoring point, collect water in the sewage pipe when the collection time is reached, obtain water samples, and test the water samples through the water quality monitoring device to obtain water quality test data; Adjusting the opening and closing angle of the control valve is used to adjust the flow rate of the water body.

3. A sewage monitoring method based on water body detection according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step S2 comprises: Extracting water quality test data of the current water quality test point, wherein the water quality test data includes basic physical and chemical indicators, organic matter indicators, nutrient salt indicators, heavy metal indicators, microbial indicators, specific organic pollutants and radioactive indicators; Compare the water quality test data with the discharge standard data to determine whether the sewage discharge exceeds the standard, and mark the determination process as a test record, wherein the test record includes two test results: the discharge exceeds the standard and the discharge does not exceed the standard; If the test result of the test record is that the emission exceeds the standard, proceed to step S3.

4. A sewage monitoring method based on water body detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S4 comprises: obtaining the historical monitoring records of all upstream water quality monitoring points, wherein the historical monitoring records include the excessive discharge substances, the excessive discharge time and the excessive discharge location, and analyzing the risk value of each upstream water quality monitoring point according to the historical monitoring records, wherein the risk value calculation process of the upstream water quality monitoring point is: taking the ratio of the number of records of excessive discharge to the number of historical monitoring records as the risk value β, extracting the location of the upstream water quality monitoring point where the risk value β reaches the set value, marking the polluted flow section with the water flow path between the regulating water quality monitoring points, and investigating the pollution sources in the polluted flow section.

5. A sewage monitoring system based on water body detection, which is applied to a sewage monitoring method based on water body detection according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The sewage monitoring system includes a data acquisition module, a detection module, a water body interception module and a troubleshooting module; The data acquisition module is used to set a number of water quality monitoring points on the flow path of the water body to be monitored. The water quality monitoring points are provided with water quality monitoring devices and control valves. The water quality monitoring devices are used to detect the water quality of the water body, and the control valves are used to control the flow of the water body. The detection module is used to obtain water quality detection data at the water quality monitoring point, and determine whether the current water quality monitoring point has excessive pollution discharge. If the pollution discharge exceeds the standard, step S3 is performed; The water body cutoff module is used to mark the water quality monitoring point where the sewage discharge exceeds the standard as a control monitoring point, extract the flow path of the water body flowing out of the control monitoring point, and close the control valve of the last water quality monitoring point through which the flow path flows; The investigation module is used to obtain historical monitoring records of all water quality monitoring points, which include excessive emission substances, excessive emission time and excessive emission location. The risk value of each water quality monitoring point is analyzed based on the historical monitoring records, and the location of the water quality monitoring point where the risk value reaches the set value is extracted. The flow area between it and the water quality monitoring point where the control valve is closed is marked as a polluted flow section, and the pollution source in the polluted flow section is investigated.

6. A sewage monitoring system based on water body detection according to claim 5, characterized in that: The water body interception module includes a division unit, a calculation unit and a control unit; the division unit is used to divide other water quality monitoring points into upstream water quality monitoring points and downstream water quality monitoring points according to the flow direction of the water body, wherein the upstream water quality monitoring point is located above the target monitoring point, and the downstream water quality monitoring point is located below the target monitoring point; The calculation unit is used to calculate all downstream water quality detection points that the water body flows through from the target detection point within the detection time period; The control unit is used to control the switch of the control valve of the last downstream water quality detection point through which the water flows from the target detection point.

7. A sewage monitoring system based on water body detection according to claim 5, characterized in that: The investigation module includes a record retrieval unit and a risk analysis unit. The record retrieval unit is used to retrieve the historical monitoring records of the water quality monitoring point; the risk analysis unit is used to calculate the risk value of the upstream water quality monitoring point, extract the position of the upstream water quality monitoring point where the risk value reaches the set value, mark the polluted flow section with the water flow path between the regulating water quality monitoring point, and investigate the pollution source in the polluted flow section.

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