Optical module and near-to-eye display device

Abstract

The invention provides an optical module and a near-to-eye display device. The optical module comprises a display imaging module, a first polarization modulation module and a second polarization modulation module, the display imaging module is used for emitting display imaging light; the first polarization modulation module comprises a total reflection unit and a polarization reflection unit; the display imaging light is subjected to total reflection of the total reflection unit and polarization reflection of the polarization reflection unit in sequence to form linear polarization reflection light; the second polarization modulation module comprises a wave plate assembly and a reflection adjusting unit, and the linearly polarized reflected light is modulated for the first time by the wave plate assembly, reflected by the reflection adjusting unit and modulated again by the wave plate assembly in sequence to form second linearly polarized light; the first polarization modulation module is further located in the propagation direction of the second linearly polarized light and used for transmitting the second linearly polarized light to the human eyes. The first polarization modulation module comprises a total reflection unit, so that the optical path can be further folded and compressed, and the optical module with a larger field angle and a thinner thickness is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of optical technology, and in particular to an optical module and a near-eye display device. Background Art

[0002] Existing augmented reality products have the problems of small field of view and large size. Therefore, how to further improve the field of view of augmented reality products and reduce their size has become a research hotspot. Summary of the invention

[0003] The embodiment of the present invention provides an optical module, which can effectively improve the viewing angle of the optical module and has a small volume.

[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an optical module, including: a display imaging module, a first polarization modulation module, and a second polarization modulation module;

[0005] The display imaging module is used to emit display imaging light, and the display imaging light is a first linearly polarized light;

[0006] The first polarization modulation module includes a total reflection unit and a polarized reflection unit, and the total reflection unit and the polarized reflection unit are sequentially located on the propagation path of the display imaging light; the display imaging light is sequentially totally reflected by the total reflection unit and polarizedly reflected by the polarized reflection unit to form a linearly polarized reflected light;

[0007] The second polarization modulation module includes a wave plate component and a reflection adjustment unit, wherein the wave plate component and the reflection adjustment unit are sequentially located on the propagation path of the linearly polarized reflected light; the linearly polarized reflected light is sequentially modulated by the wave plate component for the first time, reflected by the reflection adjustment unit, and modulated again by the wave plate component to form a second linearly polarized light, wherein the polarization direction of the second linearly polarized light intersects with the polarization direction of the display imaging light;

[0008] The polarized reflection unit is also located in the propagation direction of the second linearly polarized light, and is used to transmit the second linearly polarized light to human eyes.

[0009] Optionally, the angle between the plane where the polarized reflection unit is located and the plane where the total reflection unit is located is α;

[0010] Among them, 20°≤α≤30°.

[0011] Optionally, the optical module further includes a first optical path compensation module and a second optical path compensation module, the first optical path compensation module is located in the optical path between the first polarization modulation module and the human eye, and the second optical path compensation module is located in the optical path between the second polarization modulation module and the ambient light;

[0012] The first optical path compensation module and the second optical path compensation module are both used to compensate for the optical path of the ambient light.

[0013] Optionally, the first polarization modulation module further includes a first prism, the first prism includes a first surface, and the polarization reflection unit is arranged on the first surface;

[0014] The first optical path compensation module includes a second prism, and the second prism is arranged in contact with the first prism at the first surface position;

[0015] The surface of the second polarization modulation module away from the first polarization modulation module includes a convex surface, the surface of the second optical path compensation module close to the second polarization modulation module includes a concave surface, and the surface away from the second polarization modulation module includes a plane, and the concave surface is arranged in contact with the convex surface.

[0016] Optionally, the display imaging module includes a display unit, a polarizing unit and an imaging unit;

[0017] The display unit is used to emit display light;

[0018] The polarizing unit is located on the propagation path of the display light, and is used to modulate the display light into linearly polarized light;

[0019] The imaging unit is located on the propagation path of the linearly polarized light, and is used to image the linearly polarized light to form display imaging light.

[0020] Optionally, the display unit includes a light emitting element and a light emitting adjustment structure located on a light emitting side of the light emitting element;

[0021] The light emission adjustment structure is used to adjust the maximum light emission viewing angle of the light emitting element, and the maximum light emission viewing angle is β, wherein β≤49°.

[0022] Optionally, the light output adjustment structure includes a microlens structure and a light output adjustment layer sequentially located on the light output path of the light emitting element;

[0023] The microlens structure comprises a plurality of microlenses, and along the light emitting direction of the optical module, the microlenses at least partially overlap with the light emitting element;

[0024] The light output adjustment layer covers the microlens structure, and the refractive index of the light output adjustment layer is greater than the refractive index of the microlens.

[0025] Optionally, the light-emitting element includes a first light-emitting element, the microlens structure includes a first microlens, and along the light-emitting direction of the optical module, the first microlens and the first light-emitting element at least partially overlap;

[0026] The first light emitting element is used to emit a first light, and the first light passes through the first microlens close to the center of one side surface of the first light emitting element and the light emission angle is θ;

[0027] The exit position of the first light on the light exit surface of the microlens is the first light exit position, and the inclination angle of the tangent plane corresponding to the first light exit position is δ;

[0028] Among them, δ is positively correlated with θ.

[0029] Optionally, the light emitting element includes a second light emitting element and a third light emitting element, and the microlens structure includes a second microlens and a third microlens;

[0030] Along the light emitting direction of the optical module, the second microlens at least partially overlaps with the second light emitting element, and the third microlens at least partially overlaps with the third light emitting element;

[0031] Along the light emitting direction of the optical module, the distance between the light emitting surface of the second light emitting element and the second microlens is smaller than the distance between the light emitting surface of the third light emitting element and the third microlens;

[0032] The second microlens has a curvature radius of R1 and a maximum height of H1, and the third microlens has a curvature radius of R2 and a maximum height of H2, wherein R1<R2, H1>H2.

[0033] Optionally, the light output adjustment structure includes a plurality of light shielding sub-structures;

[0034] Along the light emitting direction of the optical module, the light shielding substructure overlaps with at least a portion of the gap between two adjacent light emitting elements.

[0035] Optionally, the light-emitting element includes a fourth light-emitting element and a fifth light-emitting element, and the light-emitting wavelength of the fourth light-emitting element is greater than the light-emitting wavelength of the fifth light-emitting element;

[0036] The light shielding substructure comprises a first light shielding substructure and a second light shielding substructure, along the light emitting direction of the optical module, the first light shielding substructure overlaps with the gap between the fourth light emitting element and the fifth light emitting element, and the second light shielding substructure is located on a side of the fifth light emitting element away from the fourth light emitting element;

[0037] Along a first direction, the first light-shielding substructure includes a first light-shielding surface close to a side of the fourth light-emitting element, and the second light-shielding substructure includes a second light-shielding surface close to a side of the fifth light-emitting element; the first direction is an arrangement direction of the plurality of light-shielding substructures;

[0038] Along the first direction, the maximum distance between the fourth light-emitting element and the first light-shielding surface is L1, and the maximum distance between the fifth light-emitting element and the second light-shielding surface is L2;

[0039] Among them, L1>L2.

[0040] Optionally, along the light emitting direction of the optical module, there are two light-shielding substructures with the same height.

[0041] Optionally, the light-emitting element includes a sixth light-emitting element and a seventh light-emitting element, and the light-emitting wavelength of the sixth light-emitting element is greater than the light-emitting wavelength of the seventh light-emitting element;

[0042] The light shielding substructure includes a third light shielding substructure and a fourth light shielding substructure. Along the light emitting direction of the optical module, the third light shielding substructure overlaps with the gap between the sixth light emitting element and the seventh light emitting element, and the fourth light shielding substructure is located on a side of the seventh light emitting element away from the sixth light emitting element.

[0043] The third light-shielding substructure comprises a first light-shielding body and a first light-shielding point, and along the first direction, the first light-shielding point is located on a side of the first light-shielding body close to the sixth light-emitting element, and along the light-emitting direction of the optical module, the first light-shielding point is located on a side of the first light-shielding body away from the sixth light-emitting element; the fourth light-shielding substructure comprises a second light-shielding body and a second light-shielding point, and along the first direction, the second light-shielding point is located on a side of the second light-shielding body close to the seventh light-emitting element, and along the light-emitting direction of the optical module, the second light-shielding point is located on a side of the second light-shielding body away from the seventh light-emitting element; the first direction is the arrangement direction of a plurality of the light-shielding substructures;

[0044] Along the light emitting direction of the optical module, the second light shielding point is located on a side of the first light shielding point away from the light emitting element.

[0045] Optionally, the third light-shielding substructure further includes a third light-shielding point, and along the first direction, the third light-shielding point is located on a side of the first light-shielding body away from the sixth light-emitting element, and along the light-emitting direction of the optical module, the third light-shielding point is located on a side of the first light-shielding body away from the sixth light-emitting element;

[0046] Along the light emitting direction of the optical module, the third shading point has the same height as the second shading point, and along the first direction, the distance between the third shading point and the seventh light emitting element is the same as the distance between the second shading point and the seventh light emitting element.

[0047] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a near-eye display device, comprising the optical module provided by any embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] The optical module provided by the embodiment of the present invention, by setting the first polarization modulation module to include a total reflection unit, the first linear polarized light incident on the first polarization modulation module is totally internally reflected by the total reflection unit, so that the light path can be further folded and the light path can be compressed, so that an optical module with a larger field of view angle can be realized; and, since refraction occurs in the light path within the first polarization modulation module and the light is compressed, an optical module with a smaller thickness and a smaller volume can be realized, which is conducive to the miniaturized design of the optical module.

[0049] It should be understood that the contents described in this section are not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor are they intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Other features of the present invention will become easily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0051] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an optical module provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another optical module provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first display unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a second display unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a third display unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a light path of a first light emitted by a first light emitting element through a first microlens and a light output adjustment layer provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first microlens and the light path thereon provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 8is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth display unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth display unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Fig.10 is a schematic structural diagram of a sixth display unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Fig.11 is a schematic structural diagram of a seventh display unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Fig.12 is a schematic structural diagram of an eighth display unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Fig.13 It is a schematic structural diagram of a near-eye display device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0064] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0065] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0066] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical module provided by an embodiment of the present invention, with reference to Figure 1The embodiment of the present invention provides an optical module including: a display imaging module 10, a first polarization modulation module 20 and a second polarization modulation module 30; the display imaging module 10 is used to emit a display imaging light S1, and the display imaging light S1 is a first linearly polarized light; the first polarization modulation module 20 includes a total reflection unit 201 and a polarized reflection unit 202, and the total reflection unit 201 and the polarized reflection unit 202 are sequentially located on the propagation path of the display imaging light S1; the display imaging light S1 is sequentially totally reflected by the total reflection unit 201 and polarized reflected by the polarized reflection unit 202 to form a linearly polarized reflected light S 2; the second polarization modulation module 30 includes a wave plate assembly 301 and a reflection adjustment unit 302, and the wave plate assembly 301 and the reflection adjustment unit 302 are sequentially located on the propagation path of the linearly polarized reflected light S2; the linearly polarized reflected light is sequentially modulated by the wave plate assembly 301 for the first time, reflected by the reflection adjustment unit 302, and modulated again by the wave plate assembly 301 to form a second linearly polarized light S3, and the polarization direction of the second linearly polarized light S3 intersects with the polarization direction of the display imaging light S1; the first polarization modulation module 20 is also located in the propagation direction of the second linearly polarized light S3, and is used to transmit the second linearly polarized light S3 to the human eye.

[0067] refer to Figure 1 The display imaging module 1 emits a display imaging light S1. In practical applications, the display imaging light S1 can be any linearly polarized light, such as s-polarized light or p-polarized light.

[0068] The total reflection unit 201 is located on the propagation path of the display imaging light S1, and the light incident on the first polarization modulation module 20 is reflected by the total reflection unit 201 to generate total internal reflection. By adjusting the relative position relationship between the display imaging module 1 and the total reflection unit 201, it can be ensured that the light incident on the total reflection unit 201 is reflected by the total reflection unit 201 to generate total internal reflection. Specifically, in an embodiment of the present invention, the surface shape of the light-emitting surface of the display imaging module 1 may include a spherical surface, an aspherical surface, a free-form surface or a Fresnel surface. For example, the surface shape of the light-emitting surface of the display imaging module 1 may be a spherical surface, and a spherical lens is easy to manufacture, which can ensure a simple preparation process and high preparation efficiency. Alternatively, the surface shape of the light-emitting surface of the display imaging module 1 may be an aspherical surface, and the design of the aspherical lens can eliminate aberrations to a certain extent and improve the imaging effect. Alternatively, the surface shape of the light-emitting surface of the display imaging module 1 may be a free-form surface, and the free-form surface has a higher degree of freedom in the surface shape, which can further reduce aberrations and further improve the imaging effect. Alternatively, the light emitting surface of the display imaging module 1 may be a Fresnel surface. The Fresnel lens can reduce the volume of the lens and reduce spherical aberration.

[0069] Furthermore, the polarized reflection unit 202 is located on the propagation path of the light after total reflection by the total reflection unit 201. The polarized reflection unit 201 exhibits total reflection or high reflectivity characteristics for linear polarized light with the same polarization direction as the display imaging light S1, that is, the polarized reflection unit 202 can reflect most of the display imaging light S1. And for linear polarized light perpendicular to the polarization direction of the display imaging light S1, the polarized reflection unit 201 exhibits total transparency or high transmittance characteristics, that is, the polarized reflection unit 201 can transmit most of the linear polarized light perpendicular to the polarization direction of the display imaging light S1. For example, the polarized reflection unit 201 can exhibit total reflection or high reflectivity characteristics for s-polarized light, and exhibit total transparency or high transmittance characteristics for p-polarized light; or, the polarized reflection unit 201 can exhibit total reflection or high reflectivity characteristics for p-polarized light, and exhibit total transparency or high transmittance characteristics for s-polarized light.

[0070] It should be noted that the specific values ​​of the high reflectivity and high transmittance mentioned above depend on the performance of the polarized reflection unit 202 itself. By way of example, a polarized reflection unit 202 with better performance can achieve a reflectivity of 99% for linear polarized light having the same polarization direction as the display imaging light S1, and a transmittance of 99% for linear polarized light having a polarization direction perpendicular to the display imaging light S1. The embodiment of the present invention does not specifically limit the performance of the polarized reflection unit 202.

[0071] After the display imaging light S1 is incident on the surface of the polarized reflection unit 202, it is reflected by the polarized reflection unit 202 to form a linearly polarized reflected light S2. The linearly polarized reflected light S2 is incident on the wave plate assembly 301. The wave plate assembly 301 modulates the polarized reflected light into circularly polarized light. The circularly polarized light is reflected by the reflection adjustment unit 302 and then incident on the wave plate assembly 301 again. The circularly polarized light is modulated into a second linearly polarized light S3. At this time, the polarization direction of the second linearly polarized light S3 intersects with the polarization direction of the display imaging light S1. The second linearly polarized light S3 then enters the first polarization modulation module 20. The first polarization modulation module 20 presents a fully transparent or highly transparent characteristic to the second linearly polarized light S3. The second linearly polarized light S3 is transmitted through the first polarization modulation module 20 and finally propagates to the human eye.

[0072] Specifically, the wave plate assembly 301 may include a quarter wave plate. The fast axis and the slow axis of the quarter wave plate form an angle of 45° with the polarization direction of the linearly polarized reflected light S2. The component of the linearly polarized reflected light S2 whose polarization direction is parallel to the fast axis direction of the quarter wave plate propagates faster in the quarter wave plate, and this component is the first component; while the component of the polarization direction parallel to the slow axis direction of the quarter wave plate propagates slower in the quarter wave plate, and this component is the second component. In this way, after the linearly polarized reflected light S2 passes through the quarter wave plate, there is a phase difference of π / 2 between the first component and the second component, and the linearly polarized reflected light S2 becomes circularly polarized light. When the circularly polarized light passes through the quarter wave plate again, the phase difference between the first component and the second component becomes π, and the circularly polarized light becomes linearly polarized light perpendicular to the polarization direction of the linearly polarized reflected light S2. The polarization state of the light can be adjusted by setting the quarter wave plate to ensure subsequent normal imaging.

[0073] Furthermore, the reflection adjustment unit 302 may be a polarized reflection structure, a semi-transmissive and semi-reflective structure, or other structures that can achieve light reflection. The embodiment of the present invention does not limit the configuration of the reflection adjustment unit 302.

[0074] It should be emphasized that, different from the solutions in the prior art, in this embodiment, by adding a total reflection unit 201, the optical path is folded after modulation by the total reflection unit 201. A smaller optical path is conducive to realizing a thin optical module. In the embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the optical module can be less than 12 mm. Furthermore, after the optical path is folded by the total reflection unit 201, a smaller optical path is conducive to realizing a smaller focal length, and then a larger field of view. In the embodiment of the present invention, the field of view FOV of the optical module can reach 54°, and a larger field of view is conducive to achieving a good imaging effect of the optical module.

[0075] To sum up, the optical module provided by the embodiment of the present invention, by setting the first polarization modulation module including a total reflection unit, adds total reflection modulation in the optical path, so that the optical path can be folded, which is conducive to realizing the thin design of the optical module and the setting of a larger field of view angle, thereby realizing a miniaturized optical module with good imaging effect.

[0076] Based on the above embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 1 As shown, the angle between the plane where the polarized reflection unit 202 is located and the plane where the total reflection unit 201 is located is α; wherein 20°≤α≤30°.

[0077] like Figure 1As shown, the totally reflected light reflected by the total reflection unit 201 is incident on the polarized reflection unit 202. Since the angle between the plane where the polarized reflection unit 202 is located and the plane where the total reflection unit 201 is located is small, it can be ensured that a larger area in the polarized reflection unit 202 can be used as a bearing area for the totally reflected light, that is, it is ensured that the polarized reflection unit 202 has a larger receiving area for the totally reflected light, which is conducive to achieving a large field of view angle.

[0078] Furthermore, the angle between the plane where the polarized reflection unit 202 is located and the plane where the total reflection unit 201 is located is small, which can also ensure that the optical module has a small thickness, which is conducive to realizing a thin design of the optical module.

[0079] Specifically, the angle α between the plane where the polarized reflection unit 202 is located and the plane where the total reflection unit 201 is located satisfies 20°≤α≤30°, for example, it can be 20°, 22°, 25°, 27.3° or 30°. The embodiment of the present invention does not limit the value of the angle between the plane where the polarized reflection unit 202 is located and the plane where the total reflection unit 201 is located, and can be designed according to actual application requirements.

[0080] Based on the above embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 1 As shown, the first polarization modulation module 20 may include a first prism 203, the total reflection unit 201 may be a surface of the first prism 203 on a side close to the second polarization modulation module 30, the polarization reflection unit 202 may be arranged on a surface of the first prism 203 on a side away from the second polarization modulation module 30, and the light incident on the first prism 203 is totally reflected on the surface of the first prism 203 on a side close to the second polarization modulation module 30, and all the light enters the first prism 203, and after polarized reflection by the polarization reflection unit 202 arranged on the surface of the first prism 203 on a side away from the second polarization modulation module 30, part of the light enters the first prism 203 again and is incident on the second polarization modulation module 30. The arrangement of the first prism 203 ensures that the overall arrangement of the first polarization modulation module 20 is simple and easy to integrate.

[0081] In the integration of the above embodiments, Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another optical module provided by an embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figure 2 As shown, the optical module can also include a first optical path compensation module 40 and a second optical path compensation module 50. The first optical path compensation module 40 is located in the optical path between the first polarization modulation module 20 and the human eye, and the second optical path compensation module 50 is located in the optical path between the second polarization modulation module 30 and the ambient light. The first optical path compensation module 40 and the second optical path compensation module 50 are both used to compensate for the optical path of the ambient light.

[0082] like Figure 2As shown, the optical module provided by the embodiment of the present invention may also include a first optical path compensation module 40 and a second optical path compensation module 50. The first optical path compensation module 40 is located in the optical path between the first polarization modulation module 20 and the human eye, that is, in the optical path of the ambient light (not shown in the figure) after the first polarization modulation module 20. The second optical path compensation module 50 is located in the optical path between the second polarization modulation module 30 and the ambient light, that is, located on the side of the second polarization modulation module 30 away from the first polarization modulation module 20 and in the optical path of the ambient light before the second polarization modulation module 30. The ambient light has different optical paths in the first polarization modulation module 20 and the second polarization modulation module 30, and the different optical paths will affect the final imaging quality of the ambient light in the human eye. Therefore, in an embodiment of the present invention, a first optical path compensation module 40 is added in the optical path between the first polarization modulation module 20 and the human eye, and a second optical path compensation module 50 is added in the optical path between the second polarization modulation module 30 and the ambient light. The first optical path compensation module 40 and the second optical path compensation module 50 are used to perform optical path compensation on ambient light at different positions, thereby ensuring that the optical paths of the ambient light after passing through the first optical path compensation module 40 and the second optical path compensation module 50 are the same or similar, thereby improving the imaging quality of the ambient light at the position of the human eye.

[0083] Based on the above embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 2 As shown, the first polarization modulation module 20 also includes a first prism 203, the first prism 203 includes a first surface 2031, and the polarization reflection unit 202 is arranged on the first surface 2031; the first optical path compensation module 40 includes a second prism 401, and the second prism 401 and the first prism 203 are arranged in affixed relation at the position of the first surface 2031; the surface of the second polarization modulation module 30 away from the first polarization modulation module 20 includes a convex surface, the surface of the second optical path compensation module 50 close to the second polarization modulation module 30 includes a concave surface, and the surface away from the second polarization modulation module 30 includes a plane, and the concave surface and the convex surface are arranged in affixed relation.

[0084] Continue to refer Figure 2 As shown, the first prism 203 includes a first surface 2031, and the first surface 2031 can be understood as the surface of the first prism 203 on the side away from the second polarization modulation module 30. The polarization reflection unit 202 is arranged on the first surface 2031 to reflect the total internal reflection light to the second polarization modulation module 30. Further, the first optical path compensation module 40 includes a second prism 401, and the second prism 401 and the first prism 203 are arranged in a close fit at the position of the first surface 2031, so that the first prism 203 and the second prism 401 are arranged compactly, that is, the first polarization modulation module 20 and the first optical path compensation module 40 are arranged compactly, which is conducive to realizing the miniaturization and thinness design of the optical module.

[0085] Further, the surface of the second polarization modulation module 30 away from the first polarization modulation module 20 includes a convex surface, and the reflection adjustment unit 302 can be attached to this convex surface, so as to facilitate the modulation of the light after passing through the wave plate assembly 301 in the light-emitting direction. Further, the surface of the second optical path compensation module 50 close to the second polarization modulation module 30 includes a concave surface, and the design of the concave surface can be matched with the design of the convex surface of the second polarization modulation module 30, so that the second optical path compensation module 50 and the second polarization modulation module 30 are compactly designed, which is conducive to the miniaturization and thinness of the optical module. And the surface of the second optical path compensation module 50 away from the second polarization modulation module 30 includes a plane, and the design of the plane can compensate for the optical path difference of the ambient light, ensuring that the ambient light after passing through the second optical path compensation module 50, the second polarization modulation module 30, the first polarization modulation module 20 and the first optical path compensation module 40 in sequence has the same or similar optical path, thereby improving the imaging quality of the ambient light at the position of the human eye.

[0086] Based on the above embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the display imaging module 10 includes a display unit 101, a polarizing unit 102 and an imaging unit 103; the display unit 101 is used to emit display light; the polarizing unit 102 is located on the propagation path of the display light, and is used to modulate the display light into linearly polarized light; the imaging unit 103 is located on the propagation path of the linearly polarized light, and is used to image the linearly polarized light to form display imaging light.

[0087] Specifically, the light emitted by the display unit 101 is modulated by the polarizing unit 102 to become a linearly polarized light, and the linearly polarized light is modulated by the imaging unit 103 to form a display imaging light, and the display imaging light output by the imaging unit 103 can all be incident on the polarization reflection unit 201. Exemplarily, the display unit 101 may include a liquid crystal display (Liquid Crystal Display, LCD) display, an organic light-emitting diode (Organic Light-Emitting Diode, OLED) display, a liquid crystal matrix projection (Liquid Crystal on Silicon, LCOS) display or a laser scanning (Laser Beam Scanning, LBS) display. The LCD display is small in size, and the small size allows the LCD display to be used in the display unit 101 in the optical module without making the optical module too large, and the LCD display has low energy consumption, and a small power supply unit can meet the power demand of the LCD display. The screen thickness of the OLED display can be controlled within 1mm, and its screen thickness is thinner than that of the LCD display, and the OLED display has high luminous efficiency and low energy consumption. At the same time, the OLED display is also resistant to low temperatures and can display content normally in an environment of -40°C. The LCOS display has a high resolution, high brightness and low power consumption. The LBS display is small in size and has a shorter image retention time and higher contrast, which has a better display effect than LCD displays, OLED displays and LCOS displays of the same volume. Furthermore, the polarizing unit 102 can be a polarizer for transmitting polarized light in a specific polarization direction, such as s light or p light. Furthermore, the imaging unit 103 includes at least one imaging lens, and the surface of the imaging unit 103 facing away from the display unit 101 is the light-emitting surface of the above-mentioned display imaging module 1, and its surface type can include a spherical surface, an aspherical surface, a free-form surface or a Fresnel surface.

[0088] Based on the above embodiments, Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first display unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 3 As shown, the display unit 101 provided in an embodiment of the present invention may include a light-emitting element 1011 and a light-emitting adjustment structure 1012 located on the light-emitting side of the light-emitting element 1011; the light-emitting adjustment structure 1011 is used to adjust the maximum light-emitting viewing angle of the light-emitting element 1011, and the maximum light-emitting viewing angle is β, where β≤49°.

[0089] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the inventors further studied and found that although the optical module provided by the embodiment of the present invention can achieve a larger field of view angle and a thinner thickness, in this solution, the display imaging module 10 is located above the first polarization adjustment module 20, and the display imaging light S1 is transmitted inside the first polarization adjustment module 20, so when the display unit 101 emits light at a large viewing angle, the large-angle light will not be incident on the total reflection unit 201, but will first be incident on the polarization reflection unit 202 and reflected on the surface of the polarization reflection unit 202, and then hit the total reflection unit 201 for normal light path transmission, so it is inevitable that a strong inverted ghost image will appear. Based on this, in the embodiment of the present invention, the display unit 101 is further configured to include a light-emitting element 1011 and a light-emitting adjustment structure 1012 located on the light-emitting side of the light-emitting element 1011, and the maximum light-emitting viewing angle β of the light-emitting element 1011 is adjusted by the light-emitting adjustment structure 1012 to satisfy β≤49°. The display imaging light within this angle range can all be incident on the total reflection unit 201 and will not be incident on the polarized reflection unit 202. In this way, the ghost image light can be intercepted without sacrificing the display imaging light, thereby ensuring the final imaging effect.

[0090] Furthermore, since the optical module has a magnifying effect, in order to prevent the human eye from seeing the light output adjustment structure 1012 and affecting the viewing effect, the product of the size of the light output adjustment structure 1012 and the magnification of the optical module can be set to be smaller than the minimum resolvable size of the human eye. For example, the size of the light output adjustment structure 1012 can be controlled within 10 microns.

[0091] Next, the specific configuration method of the light output adjustment structure is described in detail.

[0092] First, a feasible implementation of the light output adjustment structure is described.

[0093] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second display unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 4 As shown, the light output adjustment structure 1012 includes a microlens structure and a light output adjustment layer 10122 which are sequentially located on the light output path of the light emitting element 1011; the microlens structure includes a plurality of microlenses 10121, and along the light output direction of the optical module (the X direction as shown in the figure), the microlenses 10121 at least partially overlap with the light emitting element 1011; the light output adjustment layer 10122 covers the microlens structure, and the refractive index of the light output adjustment layer 10122 is greater than the refractive index of the microlens 10121.

[0094] like Figure 4As shown, the light output adjustment structure 1012 includes a microlens structure and a light output adjustment layer 10122 which are sequentially located on the light output path of the light emitting element 1011. The microlens structure includes a plurality of microlenses 10121, and the microlenses 10121 can correspond one to one with the light emitting element 1011. Along the light output direction of the optical module (the X direction as shown in the figure), the microlenses 10121 and the light emitting element 1011 at least partially overlap, and the refractive index of the light output adjustment layer 10122 is greater than the refractive index of the microlens. In this way, after the large viewing angle light emitted by the light emitting element 1011 is adjusted by the microlenses 10121 and the light output adjustment layer 10122 in sequence, its light output viewing angle is reduced, thereby achieving the adjustment of the large viewing angle light.

[0095] Furthermore, by reasonably setting the refractive index of the microlens 10121, the refractive index of the light output adjustment layer 10122 and the surface shape of the microlens 10121, it can be ensured that the maximum light output viewing angle β of the wide-viewing angle light adjusted by the microlens 10121 and the light output adjustment layer 10122 satisfies β≤49°. In this way, the display imaging light emitted by the display imaging module 10 can all be incident on the total reflection unit 201, and the light that is totally internally reflected by the total reflection unit 201 will not produce ghost images at the human eye position, thereby ensuring the final imaging effect of the optical module.

[0096] Furthermore, Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a third display unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the optical path of the first light emitted by the first light emitting element through the first microlens and the light output adjustment layer provided in an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first microlens and the optical path thereof provided by an embodiment of the present invention, combined with Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the light-emitting element 1011 includes a first light-emitting element 1011-1, and the microlens structure includes a first microlens 10121-1. Along the light-emitting direction of the optical module (the X direction shown in the figure), the first microlens 10121-1 and the first light-emitting element 1011-1 at least partially overlap; the first light-emitting element 1011-1 is used to emit a first light ray S11, and the first light ray S11 passes through the first microlens 10121-1 close to the center of the surface of one side of the first light-emitting element 1011-1 and the light-emitting angle is θ; the emission position of the first light ray S11 on the light-emitting surface of the microlens is the first light ray emission position A, and the inclination angle of the tangent plane corresponding to the first light ray emission position A is δ; wherein δ is positively correlated with θ.

[0097] like Figure 5As shown, the light-emitting element 1011 includes a first light-emitting element 1011-1. The first light-emitting element 1011-1 can be any light-emitting element in a plurality of display units 101 rather than a light-emitting element with a specific position or a specific light-emitting color. In other words, any light-emitting element in the display unit 101 can be the first light-emitting element 1011-1. The definition method in this embodiment is applicable to any light-emitting element in the display unit 101.

[0098] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the light emitting angle of the first light ray S11 is θ, the incident angle of the first light ray S11 on the light emitting surface of the first microlens 10121-1 is θ1, the curvature radius of the light emitting surface of the first microlens 10121-1 is R, and the maximum height of the first microlens 10121-1 is H. According to the trigonometric function relationship, it can be known that:

[0099] Sin(θ1) / (RH)=Sin(π-θ) / R (1)

[0100] Furthermore, the refractive index of the first microlens 10121-1 is n1, the refractive index of the light output adjustment layer 10122 is n2, and the refraction angle of the first light ray S11 at the interface between the first microlens 10121-1 and the light output adjustment layer 10122 is θ2. According to the law of refraction:

[0101] Sin(θ1)*n1=Sin(θ2)*n2 (2)

[0102] According to formula (1) and formula (2), we can know that:

[0103] θ2=Sin -1 {[Sin(π-θ)*(RH)*n1] / (n2*R)} (3)

[0104] Furthermore, the refractive index of air is n3, the incident angle of the first light S11 at the interface between the light output adjustment layer 10122 and the air is θ2', and the refraction angle is θ3. According to the law of refraction, it can be known that:

[0105] Sin(θ2')*n2=Sin(θ3)*n3 (4)

[0106] According to formula (4), we can know that:

[0107] θ2'=Sin -1 {[Sin(θ3)*n3] / n2} (5)

[0108] According to formula (3) and formula (5), the angle δ' between the tangent plane corresponding to the first light ray exit position A and the vertical direction satisfies:

[0109] δ'=π-(π / 2-θ2)-θ2'

[0110] =π / 2+ Sin -1 {[Sin(π-θ)*(RH)*n1] / (n2*R)}- Sin -1 {[Sin(θ3)*n3] / n2} (6)

[0111] The angle δ between the tangent plane corresponding to the first light ray exit position A and the horizontal direction satisfies:

[0112] δ=π / 2-δ'

[0113] =Sin -1 {[Sin(θ3)*n3] / n2}-Sin -1 {[Sin(π-θ)*(RH)*n1] / (n2*R)} (7)

[0114] According to formula (7), it can be known that δ is positively correlated with θ. Therefore, the surface shape of the first microlens 10121-1 can be adjusted according to the light emission angle of the first light ray S11, so that the light emission viewing angle of the light adjusted by the light emission adjustment layer 10122 of the first microlens 10121-1 is less than or equal to 49°, ensuring that the display imaging light emitted by the display imaging module 10 can all be incident on the total reflection unit 201, and the light reflected by the total internal reflection unit 201 will not produce ghost images at the human eye position, thereby ensuring the final imaging effect of the optical module.

[0115] Based on the above embodiments, Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fourth display unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 8 As shown, the light-emitting element 1011 includes a second light-emitting element 1011-2 and a third light-emitting element 1011-3, and the microlens structure includes a second microlens 10121-2 and a third microlens 10121-3; along the light-emitting direction of the optical module, the second microlens 10121-2 at least partially overlaps with the second light-emitting element 1011-2, and the third microlens 10121-3 at least partially overlaps with the third light-emitting element 1011-3; along the light-emitting direction of the optical module (the X direction shown in the figure), the distance between the light-emitting surface of the second light-emitting element 1011-2 and the second microlens 10121-2 is smaller than the distance between the light-emitting surface of the third light-emitting element 1011-3 and the third microlens 10121-3; the second microlens 10121-2 has a curvature radius R1 and a maximum height H1, and the third microlens 10121-3 has a curvature radius R2 and a maximum height H2, wherein R1<R2, H1>H2.

[0116] Specifically, the light emitting element 1011 may include a second light emitting element 1011-2 and a third light emitting element 1011-3, and the second light emitting element 1011-2 and the third light emitting element 1011-3 have different light emitting colors, that is, the second light emitting element 1011-2 and the third light emitting element 1011-3 have different light emitting wavelengths, for example, the second light emitting element 1011-2 may be a red light emitting element or a green light emitting element, and the third light emitting element 1011-3 may be a blue light emitting element; or, the second light emitting element 1011-2 may be a red light emitting element, and the third light emitting element 1011-3 may be a green light emitting element or a blue light emitting element. The embodiment of the present invention does not limit the light emitting colors of the second light emitting element 1011-2 and the third light emitting element 1011-3, and only needs to ensure that the light emitting wavelength of the second light emitting element 1011-2 is greater than the light emitting wavelength of the third light emitting element 1011-3. Furthermore, the light emitting element 1011 may include a reflective anode, a light emitting layer, and a semi-transmissive and semi-reflective cathode (not shown in the figure) arranged in a stacked manner. The light emitted by the light emitting layer may be reflected multiple times in the microcavity formed by the reflective anode and the semi-transmissive and semi-reflective cathode, and light of a specific wavelength may produce constructive interference, thereby enhancing the light intensity. Constructive interference occurs when the distance between the reflective anode and the semi-transmissive and semi-reflective cathode is an integer multiple of the wavelength of the transmitted light, and the relationship is as follows:

[0117] d=n*(λ / 2) (8)

[0118] Wherein, d represents the distance between the reflective anode, the light-emitting layer and the semi-transmissive and semi-reflective cathode.

[0119] It can be seen from the above relationship that in order to ensure constructive interference, it is necessary to ensure that the distance between the reflective anode and the semi-transmissive and semi-reflective cathode meets the integer multiple of the wavelength, that is, the distance between the reflective anode and the semi-transmissive and semi-reflective cathode in the light-emitting element with a large luminous wavelength is required to be large. For example, the reflective anode can be provided to include a reflective electrode division and a transparent electrode division, and the thickness of the transparent electrode division in the light-emitting element with a large luminous wavelength is set to be larger, or the thickness of the light-emitting layer in the light-emitting element with a large luminous wavelength is set to be larger. The embodiment of the present invention does not limit the specific setting method of how to achieve the microcavity effect modulation of different light-emitting elements, but it is certain that the light-emitting element with a larger wavelength, regardless of the thickness of its transparent electrode division or the thickness of the light-emitting layer, will form a light-emitting element with a larger overall thickness, and the distance between the light-emitting element and the corresponding microlens is smaller. That is, the distance between the light-emitting surface of the second light-emitting element 1011-2 and the second microlens 10121-2 is smaller than the distance between the light-emitting surface of the third light-emitting element 1011-3 and the third microlens 10121-3. It should be noted that the distance between the light emitting surface of the second light emitting element 1011-2 and the second microlens 10121-2 can be the distance between the light emitting surface of the second light emitting element 1011-2 and the surface of the second microlens 10121-2 close to the light emitting element, or it can be understood as the minimum distance between the light emitting surface of the second light emitting element 1011-2 and the second microlens 10121-2; similarly, the distance between the light emitting surface of the third light emitting element 1011-3 and the third microlens 10121-3 can be the distance between the light emitting surface of the third light emitting element 1011-3 and the surface of the third microlens 10121-3 close to the light emitting element, or it can be understood as the minimum distance between the light emitting surface of the third light emitting element 1011-3 and the third microlens 10121-3.

[0120] Furthermore, since the distance between the light emitting surface of the second light emitting element 1011-2 and the second microlens 10121-2 is smaller than the distance between the light emitting surface of the third light emitting element 1011-3 and the third microlens 10121-3, the light rays with the same light emitting angles emitted by the second light emitting element 1011-2 and the third light emitting element 1011-3 have different incident positions in the light emitting surfaces of the microlenses corresponding to them, which correspond to different inclinations of the light emitting surfaces. This results in different light emitting angles after passing through the microlenses, affecting the final imaging effect. Specifically, since the distance between the light emitting surface of the second light emitting element 1011-2 and the second microlens 10121-2 is smaller than the distance between the light emitting surface of the third light emitting element 1011-3 and the third microlens 10121-3, the incident position of the light of the same light emitting angle emitted by the second light emitting element 1011-2 and the third light emitting element 1011-3 on the second microlens 10121-2 is closer to the highest light emitting position of the microlens 10121 than the incident position on the third microlens 10121-3. If the light emitting surfaces of the second microlens 10121-2 and the third microlens 10121-3 have the same surface shape, it means that the slope of the tangent plane at the incident position of the light emitting surface of the second microlens 10121-2 is smaller, and the slope of the tangent plane at the incident position of the light emitting surface of the third microlens 10121-3 is larger for the light of the same light emitting angle. Therefore, in order to ensure that the slopes of the tangent planes at the incident positions of the light emitting surfaces of the second microlens 10121-2 and the third microlens 10121-3 of the light emitting surfaces of the same light emitting viewing angle are similar or the same, the surface shape of the light emitting surface of the second microlens 10121-2 can be set to be steeper, and the surface shape of the light emitting surface of the third microlens 10121-3 can be set to be flatter, that is, the curvature radius R1 of the light emitting surface of the second microlens 10121-2 and the curvature radius R2 of the light emitting surface of the third microlens 10121-3 satisfy R1<R2, and the maximum height H1 of the light emitting surface of the second microlens 10121-2 and the maximum height H2 of the light emitting surface of the third microlens 10121-3 satisfy H1>H2. In this way, it can be ensured that the slopes of the tangent planes at the incident positions of the second microlens 10121-2 and the third microlens 10121-3 for the light with the same light output angle are similar or the same, and that the light output surfaces of the second microlens 10121-2 and the third microlens 10121-3 have the same or similar light output angle adjustments for the light with the same light output angle. On the one hand, it is ensured that the maximum light output angles of the light after adjustment by each microlens are all less than or equal to 49°, so that the display imaging light emitted by the display imaging module can be incident on the total reflection unit, and the light reflected by the total internal reflection unit will not produce ghost images at the human eye position, thereby ensuring the final imaging effect of the optical module.On the other hand, it ensures that the light with the same light output angle has a good color mixing effect, ensuring the final imaging effect of the light output module.

[0121] In summary, the above embodiment describes a solution in which the light output adjustment structure includes a microlens structure and a light output adjustment layer. Next, another feasible implementation of the light output adjustment structure is described.

[0122] Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth display unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention, Fig.10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a sixth display unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention, such as Fig. 9 and Fig.10 As shown, the light output adjustment structure 1012 includes a plurality of light shielding substructures 10123 ; along the light output direction of the optical module (the X direction as shown in the figure), the light shielding substructure 10123 overlaps with at least part of the gap between two adjacent light emitting elements 1011 .

[0123] like Fig. 9 and Fig.10 As shown, the light output adjustment structure 1012 includes a plurality of shading substructures 10123 and a filling structure 10124 between two adjacent shading substructures 10123. Along the light output direction of the optical module (the X direction as shown in the figure), the shading substructure 10123 overlaps with the gap between at least part of two adjacent light-emitting elements 1011. In other words, along the light output direction of the optical module (the X direction as shown in the figure), the shading substructure 10123 surrounds at least one light-emitting element 1011. In this way, on the one hand, the influence of the shading substructure 10123 on the normal light output of the light-emitting element 1011 can be avoided, thereby ensuring the display brightness of the display unit 101. On the other hand, the wide-angle light emitted by the light-emitting element 21 can be blocked to avoid the wide-angle light from being incident on the polarized reflection unit after being emitted and being reflected on the surface of the polarized reflection unit to form a ghost image, thereby ensuring that the light output viewing angle of the light-emitting element 1011 is limited to within 49°, and ensuring that the maximum light output viewing angle β of the light-emitting element 1011 satisfies β≤49°. The display imaging light within this angle range can all be incident on the total reflection unit and will not be incident on the polarized reflection unit. In this way, the ghost light can be intercepted without sacrificing the display imaging light, thereby ensuring the final imaging effect.

[0124] It should be noted that a light emitting element 1011 may be disposed within the limited area of ​​the light shielding substructure 10123. Fig. 9As shown; a plurality of light emitting elements 1011 may also be provided, for example, at least one light emitting element group may be provided, where the light emitting element group may include a plurality of light emitting elements of different colors, for example, a red light emitting element, a green light emitting element, and a blue light emitting element. That is, a light emitting element group may be understood as a pixel unit including a red light emitting element, a green light emitting element, and a blue light emitting element, such as Fig.10 The embodiment of the present invention does not limit the specific arrangement of the light shielding substructure 10123, and the relative position relationship between the light shielding substructure and the light emitting element can be reasonably arranged according to the light shielding requirements.

[0125] Based on the above embodiments, Fig.11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a seventh display unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention, such as Fig.11 As shown, the light-emitting element 1011 includes a fourth light-emitting element 1011-4 and a fifth light-emitting element 1011-5, and the light-emitting wavelength of the fourth light-emitting element 1011-4 is greater than the light-emitting wavelength of the fifth light-emitting element 1011-5; the shading substructure 10123 includes a first shading substructure 10123-1 and a second shading substructure 10123-2, along the light-emitting direction of the optical module (the X direction shown in the figure), the first shading substructure 10123-1 overlaps with the gap between the fourth light-emitting element 1011-4 and the fifth light-emitting element 1011-5, and the second shading substructure 10123-2 is located away from the fifth light-emitting element 1011-5. One side of the fourth light-emitting element 1011-4; along the first direction (the Y direction as shown in the figure), the first shading substructure 10123-1 includes a first shading surface 201 close to the side of the fourth light-emitting element 1011-4, and the second shading substructure 10123-2 includes a second shading surface 202 close to the side of the fifth light-emitting element 1011-5; the first direction is the arrangement direction of the multiple shading substructures; along the first direction, the maximum distance between the fourth light-emitting element 1011-4 and the first shading surface 201 is L1, and the maximum distance between the fifth light-emitting element 1011-5 and the second shading surface 202 is L2; ​​wherein, L1>L2.

[0126] like Fig.11As shown, the light-emitting element 1011 includes a fourth light-emitting element 1011-4 and a fifth light-emitting element 1011-5, and the light-emitting wavelength of the fourth light-emitting element 1011-4 is greater than the light-emitting wavelength of the fifth light-emitting element 1011-5, wherein the fourth light-emitting element 1011-4 can be a red light-emitting element, and the fifth light-emitting element 1011-5 can be a green light-emitting element or a blue light-emitting element; or, the fourth light-emitting element 1011-4 can be a red light-emitting element or a green light-emitting element, and the fifth light-emitting element 1011-5 can be a blue light-emitting element. The embodiment of the present invention does not limit the specific light-emitting colors of the fourth light-emitting element 1011-4 and the fifth light-emitting element 1011-5, and it is only necessary to ensure that the light-emitting wavelength of the fourth light-emitting element 1011-4 is greater than the light-emitting wavelength of the fifth light-emitting element 1011-5.

[0127] Furthermore, the incident angle of the light emitted by the fourth light emitting element 1011-4 at the interface between the light emitting adjustment structure 1012 and the air is ε1, the exit angle is β1, and the refractive index of the light emitted by the fourth light emitting element 1011-4 in the filling structure 10124 is n41; the incident angle of the light emitted by the fifth light emitting element 1011-5 at the interface between the light emitting adjustment structure 1012 and the air is ε2, the exit angle of the light emitted by the fifth light emitting element 1011-5 is β2, and the refractive index of the light in the filling structure 10124 is n42; the refractive index of the light emitted by the fourth light emitting element 1011-4 and the exit angle of the light emitted by the fifth light emitting element 1011-5 in the air is the same, both are n3. According to the law of refraction, there is the following corresponding relationship:

[0128] Sin(ε1)* n41= Sin(β1)* n3; Sin(ε2)* n42= Sin(β2)* n3; (9)

[0129] Since the refractive index of light of different wavelengths in the same medium is different, the larger the wavelength, the smaller the refractive index. Therefore, the refractive index of the light emitted by the fourth light emitting element 1011-4 in the filling structure 10124 is less than the refractive index of the light emitted by the fifth light emitting element 1011-5 in the filling structure 10124, that is, n41<n42 in the above formula (9). Therefore, in order to ensure that the light of different wavelengths has the same or similar emission angle, so as to ensure that the maximum light emission viewing angle is less than or equal to 49°, and to avoid large visual angle deviation, the light emitted by the fourth light emitting element 1011-4 and the light emitted by the fifth light emitting element 1011-5 can be set to have the same emission angle at the interface between the light emission adjustment structure 1012 and the air, that is, β1=β2. Therefore, in order to satisfy β1=β2, it is necessary to set Sin(ε1)>Sin(ε2) so that the corresponding relationship in the above formula (9) holds, that is, the incident angle ε1 of the light emitted by the fourth light-emitting element 1011-4 at the interface between the light output adjustment structure 1012 and the air and the incident angle ε2 of the light emitted by the fifth light-emitting element 1011-5 at the interface between the light output adjustment structure 1012 and the air satisfy ε1>ε2.

[0130] Further, according to Fig.11 As shown, Tan(ε1)=L1 / H, Tan(ε2)=L2 / H(10)

[0131] Among them, L1 is the maximum distance between the fourth light-emitting element 1011-4 and the first light-shielding surface 201, L2 is the maximum distance between the fifth light-emitting element 1011-5 and the second light-shielding surface 202, and H is the distance between the cathode of the light-emitting element and the surface of the light-shielding substructure 10123 away from the light-emitting element. According to the above formula (10), when L1>L2, it can be guaranteed that ε1>ε2, further ensuring that the light emitted by the fourth light-emitting element 1011-4 and the light emitted by the fifth light-emitting element 1011-5 have the same emission angle at the interface between the light-emitting adjustment structure 1012 and the air, ensuring that the maximum light-emitting viewing angle is less than or equal to 49°, and at the same time ensuring that there will be no large visual angle deviation, thereby ensuring the imaging quality of the optical module.

[0132] It should be noted that the maximum distance between the fourth light-emitting element 1011-4 and the first light-shielding surface 201 can be understood as the distance between the side of the fourth light-emitting element 1011-4 away from the first light-shielding surface 201 and the first light-shielding surface 201 along the first direction. Among them, the side of the fourth light-emitting element 1011-4 away from the first light-shielding surface 201 can be understood as the side of the fourth light-emitting element 1011-4 away from the first light-shielding surface 201 in the pixel opening of the fourth light-emitting element 1011-4. Similarly, the maximum distance between the fifth light-emitting element 1011-5 and the second light-shielding surface 202 can be understood as the distance between the side of the fifth light-emitting element 1011-5 away from the second light-shielding surface 202 and the second light-shielding surface 202 along the first direction. Among them, the side of the fifth light-emitting element 1011-5 away from the second light-shielding surface 202 can be understood as the side of the fifth light-emitting element 1011-5 away from the second light-shielding surface 202 in the pixel opening of the fifth light-emitting element 1011-5.

[0133] Further, such as Fig.11 As shown, along the light emitting direction of the optical module (the X direction shown in the figure), there are two light shielding substructures 10123 with the same height. In this way, the light shielding substructure 10123 is regular in structure and the preparation process is simple.

[0134] To summarize, the above-mentioned embodiments adjust the maximum incident angle ε1 of the fourth light-emitting element 1011-4 at the position of the light-emitting adjustment structure 1012 and the maximum incident angle ε2 of the fifth light-emitting element 1011-5 at the position of the light-emitting adjustment structure 1012 by adjusting the maximum distance between the shading substructure and the light-emitting element. Light rays of different wavelengths have the same light-emitting angle so as to achieve shading of light rays with a wide viewing angle, thereby ensuring that the maximum light-emitting angles of light rays with different wavelengths are less than or equal to 49°, which can satisfy the shading effect of light rays with a wide viewing angle greater than 49° and avoid color deviation at a wide viewing angle.

[0135] Based on the above embodiments, Fig.12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an eighth display unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention, such as Fig.12As shown, the light-emitting element 1011 includes a sixth light-emitting element 1011-6 and a seventh light-emitting element 1011-7, and the light-emitting wavelength of the sixth light-emitting element 1011-6 is greater than the light-emitting wavelength of the seventh light-emitting element 1011-7; the light-shielding substructure 10123 includes a third light-shielding substructure 10123-3 and a fourth light-shielding substructure 10123-4, along the light-emitting direction of the optical module (the X direction as shown in the figure), the third light-shielding substructure 10123-3 overlaps with the gap between the sixth light-emitting element 1011-6 and the seventh light-emitting element 1011-7, and the fourth light-shielding substructure 10123-4 is located on the side of the seventh light-emitting element 1011-7 away from the sixth light-emitting element 1011-6; the third light-shielding substructure 10123-3 includes a first light-shielding body 10123-31 and a first light-shielding point a, along the first direction (the Y direction as shown in the figure), the first light-shielding point a is located at the first light-shielding body 10123-31. The body 10123-31 is close to the side of the sixth light-emitting element 1011-6, and along the light-emitting direction of the optical module (the X direction as shown in the figure), the first shading point a is located on the side of the first light-shielding body 10123-31 away from the sixth light-emitting element 1011-6; the fourth light-shielding substructure 10123-4 includes a second light-shielding body 10123-41 and a second light-shielding point b, and along the first direction (the Y direction as shown in the figure), the second light-shielding point b is located on the side of the second light-shielding body 10123-41 close to the seventh light-emitting element 1011-7, and along the light-emitting direction of the optical module (the X direction as shown in the figure), the second light-shielding point b is located on the side of the second light-shielding body 10123-41 away from the seventh light-emitting element 1011-7; the first direction is the arrangement direction of the multiple light-shielding substructures; along the light-emitting direction of the optical module, the second light-shielding point b is located on the side of the first light-shielding point a away from the light-emitting element 1011.

[0136] like Fig.12 As shown, the light-emitting element 1011 includes a sixth light-emitting element 1011-6 and a seventh light-emitting element 1011-7, and the light-emitting wavelength of the sixth light-emitting element 1011-6 is greater than the light-emitting wavelength of the seventh light-emitting element 1011-7, wherein the sixth light-emitting element 1011-6 can be a red light-emitting element, and the seventh light-emitting element 1011-7 can be a green light-emitting element or a blue light-emitting element; or, the sixth light-emitting element 1011-6 can be a red light-emitting element or a green light-emitting element, and the seventh light-emitting element 1011-7 can be a blue light-emitting element. The embodiment of the present invention does not limit the specific light-emitting colors of the sixth light-emitting element 1011-4 and the seventh light-emitting element 1011-7, and it is only necessary to ensure that the light-emitting wavelength of the sixth light-emitting element 1011-6 is greater than the light-emitting wavelength of the seventh light-emitting element 1011-7.

[0137] Furthermore, the incident angle ε3 of the light emitted by the sixth light emitting element 1011-6 at the interface between the light emitting adjustment structure 1012 and the air is the exit angle β3, and the refractive index of the light emitted by the sixth light emitting element 1011-6 in the filling structure 10124 is n43; the incident angle ε4 of the light emitted by the seventh light emitting element 1011-7 at the interface between the light emitting adjustment structure 1012 and the air is the exit angle β3, and the refractive index of the light emitted by the seventh light emitting element 1011-7 in the filling structure 10124 is n44; the refractive index of the light emitted by the sixth light emitting element 1011-6 and the exit angle of the light emitted by the seventh light emitting element 1011-7 in the air is the same, both of which are n3. According to the law of refraction, there is the following corresponding relationship:

[0138] Sin(ε3)* n43= Sin(β3)* n3; Sin(ε4)* n44= Sin(β4)* n3; (11)

[0139] As mentioned above, since the refractive index of light of different wavelengths in the same medium is different, the larger the wavelength, the smaller the refractive index. Therefore, the refractive index of the light emitted by the sixth light-emitting element 1011-6 in the filling structure 10124 is less than the refractive index of the light emitted by the seventh light-emitting element 1011-7 in the filling structure 10124, that is, n43<n44 in the above formula (11). Therefore, in order to ensure that the light of different wavelengths has the same or similar emission angle, so as to ensure that the maximum light emission viewing angle is less than or equal to 49°, and to avoid large visual angle angular deviation, the light emitted by the sixth light-emitting element 1011-6 and the light emitted by the seventh light-emitting element 1011-7 can be set to have the same emission angle at the interface between the light-emitting adjustment structure 1012 and the air, that is, β3=β4. Therefore, in order to satisfy β3=β4, it is necessary to set Sin(ε3)>Sin(ε4) so ​​that the corresponding relationship in the above formula (11) holds, that is, the incident angle ε3 of the light emitted by the sixth light-emitting element 1011-6 at the interface between the light output adjustment structure 1012 and the air and the incident angle ε4 of the light emitted by the seventh light-emitting element 1011-7 at the interface between the light output adjustment structure 1012 and the air satisfy ε3>ε4.

[0140] Furthermore, along the light emitting direction of the light emitting module (the X direction as shown in the figure), the third light shading substructure 10123-3 overlaps with the gap between the sixth light emitting element 1011-6 and the seventh light emitting element 1011-7, and the fourth light shading substructure 10123-4 is located on the side of the seventh light emitting element 1011-7 away from the sixth light emitting element 1011-6. The third light shading substructure 10123-3 is used to block part of the light emitted by the sixth light emitting element 1011-6, and the fourth light shading substructure 10123-4 is used to block part of the light emitted by the seventh light emitting element 1011-7. Furthermore, the third light-shielding substructure 10123-3 includes a first light-shielding body 10123-31 and a first light-shielding point a. Along the first direction (the Y direction as shown in the figure), the first light-shielding point a is located on the side of the first light-shielding body 10123-31 close to the sixth light-emitting element 1101-6. Along the light-emitting direction of the optical module (the X direction as shown in the figure), the first light-shielding point a is located on the side of the first light-shielding body 10123-31 away from the sixth light-emitting element 1101-6. The first light-shielding point a is selected as the edge point on the first light-shielding body 10123-31, which affects the sixth light-emitting element 1101-6 on the surface of the light-emitting adjustment structure 1012. Maximum incident angle ε3; the fourth light-shielding substructure 10123-4 includes a second light-shielding body 10123-41 and a second light-shielding point b. Along the first direction (the Y direction as shown in the figure), the second light-shielding point b is located on the side of the second light-shielding body 10123-41 close to the seventh light-emitting element 1011-7. Along the light-emitting direction of the optical module (the X direction as shown in the figure), the second light-shielding point b is located on the side of the second light-shielding body away from the seventh light-emitting element 1011-7. The second light-shielding point b is the edge point of the second light-shielding body 10123-41, which affects the maximum incident angle ε4 of the seventh light-emitting element 1011-7 on the surface of the light-emitting adjustment structure 1012.Therefore, along the light emitting direction of the optical module (the X direction as shown in the figure), the second shading point b is located on the side of the first shading point a away from the light emitting element 1011, so as to ensure that the shielding effect of the third shading substructure 10123-3 on the light emitted by the sixth light emitting element 1011-6 is weaker than the shielding effect of the fourth shading substructure 10123-4 on the light emitted by the sixth light emitting element 1011-7, so as to achieve that the incident angle ε3 of the light emitted by the sixth light emitting element 1011-6 at the interface between the light emitting adjustment structure 1012 and the air is the same as that of the seventh light emitting element 1011 -7 satisfies ε3>ε4 in the incident angle ε4 at the interface between the light output adjustment structure 1012 and the air, ensuring that the light output from the sixth light emitting element 1011-6 and the light output from the seventh light emitting element 1011-7 have the same or similar output angles at the interface between the light output adjustment structure 1012 and the air, so as to achieve shading of light output with a wide viewing angle, to ensure that the maximum light output angles of light output lights of different wavelengths are all less than or equal to 49°, to meet the shading effect for light output lights with a wide viewing angle greater than 49°, and to avoid color deviation at a wide viewing angle.

[0141] Further reference Fig.12 As shown, the third light shading substructure 10123-3 also includes a third light shading point c. Along the first direction (the Y direction as shown in the figure), the third light shading point c is located on the side of the first light shading body 10123-31 away from the sixth light-emitting element 1101-6, and along the light emitting direction of the optical module (the X direction as shown in the figure), the third light shading point c is located on the side of the first light shading body 10123-31 away from the sixth light-emitting element 1011-6; along the light emitting direction of the optical module, the third light shading point c is at the same height as the second light shading point b, and along the first direction, the distance between the third light shading point c and the seventh light-emitting element 1011-7 is the same as the distance between the second light shading point b and the seventh light-emitting element 1011-7.

[0142] like Fig.12As shown, the third shading substructure 10123-3 overlaps with the gap between the sixth light-emitting element 1011-6 and the seventh light-emitting element 1011-7, and the fourth shading substructure 10123-4 is located on the side of the seventh light-emitting element 1011-7 away from the sixth light-emitting element 1011-6. The third shading substructure 10123-3 and the fourth shading substructure 10123-4 are both used to block the light emitted by the seventh light-emitting element 1011-7 to adjust the light output viewing angle of the seventh light-emitting element 1011-7. Therefore, in order to ensure that the light emitted from the seventh light-emitting element 1011-7 from the third shading substructure 10123-3 side and the fourth shading substructure 10123-4 side has the same maximum light emission viewing angle, the third shading point c and the second shading point b can be set at the same height, and the distance between the third shading point c and the seventh light-emitting element 1011-7 and the distance between the second shading point b and the seventh light-emitting element 1011-7 along the first direction are the same, thereby ensuring that the light from different light-emitting directions of the seventh light-emitting element 1011-7 has the same maximum light emission viewing angle, and further ensuring that the light from different light-emitting directions does not exceed 49°, which can satisfy the shielding effect of light with a large viewing angle greater than 49° and avoid large visual angle chromatic aberration.

[0143] To summarize, the above-mentioned embodiments adjust the maximum incident angle ε3 of the sixth light-emitting element 1011-6 at the position of the light-emitting adjustment structure 1012 and the maximum incident angle ε4 of the seventh light-emitting element 1011-7 at the position of the light-emitting adjustment structure 1012 by adjusting the shape of the shading substructure, thereby ensuring that light of different wavelengths have the same light-emitting angle, so as to achieve shading of light with a wide viewing angle, and further ensure that the maximum light-emitting angles of light of different wavelengths are less than or equal to 49°, which can satisfy the shading effect of light with a wide viewing angle greater than 49° and avoid color deviation at a wide viewing angle.

[0144] Based on the same concept, an embodiment of the present invention provides a near-eye display device. Fig.13 is a schematic structural diagram of a near-eye display device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, such as Fig.13 As shown, the near-eye display device 1 can be an augmented reality (AR) display device, a virtual reality (VR) display device, an electronic view finder (EVF), a mobile phone, a computer or a television and other electronic display devices, and the embodiment of the present invention does not limit this. In addition, the near-eye display device provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes the optical module provided by any embodiment of the present invention, and has the technical effects of the above optical module, which will not be repeated here.

[0145] The above specific implementations do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An optical module, characterized in that: include: Display imaging module, first polarization modulation module and second polarization modulation module; The display imaging module is used to emit display imaging light, and the display imaging light is a first linearly polarized light; The first polarization modulation module includes a total reflection unit and a polarized reflection unit, and the total reflection unit and the polarized reflection unit are sequentially located on the propagation path of the display imaging light; the display imaging light is sequentially totally reflected by the total reflection unit and polarizedly reflected by the polarized reflection unit to form a linearly polarized reflected light; The second polarization modulation module includes a wave plate component and a reflection adjustment unit, wherein the wave plate component and the reflection adjustment unit are sequentially located on the propagation path of the linearly polarized reflected light; the linearly polarized reflected light is sequentially modulated by the wave plate component for the first time, reflected by the reflection adjustment unit, and modulated again by the wave plate component to form a second linearly polarized light, wherein the polarization direction of the second linearly polarized light intersects with the polarization direction of the display imaging light; The first polarization modulation module is also located in the propagation direction of the second linearly polarized light, and is used to transmit the second linearly polarized light to the human eye.

2. The optical module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle between the plane where the polarized reflection unit is located and the plane where the total reflection unit is located is α; Among them, 20°≤α≤30°.

3. The optical module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical module further includes a first optical path compensation module and a second optical path compensation module, wherein the first optical path compensation module is located in the optical path between the first polarization modulation module and the human eye, and the second optical path compensation module is located in the optical path between the second polarization modulation module and the ambient light; The first optical path compensation module and the second optical path compensation module are both used to compensate for the optical path of the ambient light.

4. The optical module according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first polarization modulation module further includes a first prism, the first prism includes a first surface, and the polarization reflection unit is arranged on the first surface; The first optical path compensation module includes a second prism, and the second prism is arranged in contact with the first prism at the first surface position; The surface of the second polarization modulation module away from the first polarization modulation module includes a convex surface, the surface of the second optical path compensation module close to the second polarization modulation module includes a concave surface, and the surface away from the second polarization modulation module includes a plane, and the concave surface is arranged in contact with the convex surface.

5. The optical module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The display imaging module comprises a display unit, a polarizing unit and an imaging unit; The display unit is used to emit display light; The polarizing unit is located on the propagation path of the display light, and is used to modulate the display light into linearly polarized light; The imaging unit is located on the propagation path of the linearly polarized light, and is used to image the linearly polarized light to form display imaging light.

6. The optical module according to claim 5, characterized in that: The display unit includes a light emitting element and a light emitting adjustment structure located on the light emitting side of the light emitting element; The light emission adjustment structure is used to adjust the maximum light emission viewing angle of the light emitting element, and the maximum light emission viewing angle is β, wherein β≤49°.

7. The optical module according to claim 6, characterized in that: The light output adjustment structure comprises a microlens structure and a light output adjustment layer which are sequentially located on the light output path of the light emitting element; The microlens structure comprises a plurality of microlenses, and along the light emitting direction of the optical module, the microlenses at least partially overlap with the light emitting element; The light output adjustment layer covers the microlens structure, and the refractive index of the light output adjustment layer is greater than the refractive index of the microlens.

8. The optical module according to claim 7, characterized in that: The light-emitting element includes a first light-emitting element, the microlens structure includes a first microlens, and along the light-emitting direction of the optical module, the first microlens and the first light-emitting element at least partially overlap; The first light emitting element is used to emit a first light, and the first light passes through the first microlens close to the center of one side surface of the first light emitting element and the light emission angle is θ; The exit position of the first light on the light exit surface of the microlens is the first light exit position, and the inclination angle of the tangent plane corresponding to the first light exit position is δ; Among them, δ is positively correlated with θ.

9. The optical module according to claim 7, characterized in that: The light emitting element comprises a second light emitting element and a third light emitting element, and the microlens structure comprises a second microlens and a third microlens; Along the light emitting direction of the optical module, the second microlens at least partially overlaps with the second light emitting element, and the third microlens at least partially overlaps with the third light emitting element; Along the light emitting direction of the optical module, the distance between the light emitting surface of the second light emitting element and the second microlens is smaller than the distance between the light emitting surface of the third light emitting element and the third microlens; The second microlens has a curvature radius of R1 and a maximum height of H1, and the third microlens has a curvature radius of R2 and a maximum height of H2, wherein R1<R2, H1>H2.

10. The optical module according to claim 6, characterized in that: The light output adjustment structure includes a plurality of light shielding sub-structures; Along the light emitting direction of the optical module, the light shielding substructure overlaps with at least a portion of the gap between two adjacent light emitting elements.

11. The optical module according to claim 10, characterized in that: The light-emitting elements include a fourth light-emitting element and a fifth light-emitting element, and the light-emitting wavelength of the fourth light-emitting element is greater than the light-emitting wavelength of the fifth light-emitting element; The light shielding substructure comprises a first light shielding substructure and a second light shielding substructure, along the light emitting direction of the optical module, the first light shielding substructure overlaps with the gap between the fourth light emitting element and the fifth light emitting element, and the second light shielding substructure is located on a side of the fifth light emitting element away from the fourth light emitting element; Along a first direction, the first light-shielding substructure includes a first light-shielding surface close to a side of the fourth light-emitting element, and the second light-shielding substructure includes a second light-shielding surface close to a side of the fifth light-emitting element; the first direction is an arrangement direction of the plurality of light-shielding substructures; Along the first direction, the maximum distance between the fourth light-emitting element and the first light-shielding surface is L1, and the maximum distance between the fifth light-emitting element and the second light-shielding surface is L2; Among them, L1>L2.

12. The optical module according to claim 11, characterized in that: Along the light emitting direction of the optical module, there are two light shielding substructures with the same height.

13. The optical module according to claim 10, characterized in that: The light-emitting element comprises a sixth light-emitting element and a seventh light-emitting element, and the light-emitting wavelength of the sixth light-emitting element is greater than the light-emitting wavelength of the seventh light-emitting element; The light shielding substructure includes a third light shielding substructure and a fourth light shielding substructure. Along the light emitting direction of the optical module, the third light shielding substructure overlaps with the gap between the sixth light emitting element and the seventh light emitting element, and the fourth light shielding substructure is located on a side of the seventh light emitting element away from the sixth light emitting element. The third light-shielding substructure comprises a first light-shielding body and a first light-shielding point, and along the first direction, the first light-shielding point is located on a side of the first light-shielding body close to the sixth light-emitting element, and along the light-emitting direction of the optical module, the first light-shielding point is located on a side of the first light-shielding body away from the sixth light-emitting element; the fourth light-shielding substructure comprises a second light-shielding body and a second light-shielding point, and along the first direction, the second light-shielding point is located on a side of the second light-shielding body close to the seventh light-emitting element, and along the light-emitting direction of the optical module, the second light-shielding point is located on a side of the second light-shielding body away from the seventh light-emitting element; the first direction is the arrangement direction of a plurality of the light-shielding substructures; Along the light emitting direction of the optical module, the second light shielding point is located on a side of the first light shielding point away from the light emitting element.

14. The optical module according to claim 13, characterized in that: The third light-shielding substructure further includes a third light-shielding point, which is located on a side of the first light-shielding body away from the sixth light-emitting element along the first direction, and on a side of the first light-shielding body away from the sixth light-emitting element along the light-emitting direction of the optical module; Along the light emitting direction of the optical module, the third shading point has the same height as the second shading point, and along the first direction, the distance between the third shading point and the seventh light emitting element is the same as the distance between the second shading point and the seventh light emitting element.

15. A near-eye display device, characterized in that: The optical module comprises the optical module described in any one of claims 1 to 14.

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