Temperature adjusting structure of power battery, cold and heat management system and control method

Abstract

The invention discloses a temperature adjusting structure of a power battery, a cold and heat management system and a control method, and belongs to the technical field of cooling and heating under an intelligent control system.The temperature adjusting structure comprises a plurality of fins, the fins are used for being arranged on the battery, the battery comprises a plurality of battery units arranged side by side, and the fins and the battery units are arranged at intervals; each battery unit is clamped between two adjacent fins, and ventilation channels are formed in the fins; the double-layer snakelike flow channel comprises an upper-layer snakelike flow channel and a lower-layer snakelike flow channel, the upper-layer snakelike flow channel is close to the tops of the plurality of battery units, and the lower-layer snakelike flow channel is close to the bottoms of the plurality of battery units. Uniform heat exchange of the battery units is facilitated, the temperature regulation and control uniformity and the temperature regulation efficiency of the battery units are improved, the temperature gradient of a temperature field in the battery pack is reduced, the battery pack keeps a proper temperature interval, and the overall performance of the battery pack is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cooling and heating under an intelligent control system, and in particular to a temperature adjustment structure and a cold and hot management system and a control method of a power battery. Background Art

[0002] In a high temperature environment, the activity of the chemical reaction inside the battery will increase, resulting in the generation of a large amount of heat. If this heat cannot be dissipated in time, it will cause internal heat accumulation, leading to thermal runaway and safety accidents. In an extremely low temperature environment, the activity of the chemical substances inside the battery decreases, and the internal resistance and viscosity of the electrolyte increase, which may lead to irreversible decay of the battery capacity and precipitation of metallic lithium. In addition, if there is a large temperature difference between the individual cells in the battery pack, the performance and capacity decay of different individual cells may be inconsistent, thereby affecting the performance of the entire battery system. Therefore, it is critical for power batteries to maintain a suitable operating temperature range.

[0003] The traditional adjustment method is to set up an air cooling system or liquid cooling in the battery box, but the traditional air cooling cannot meet the cooling needs of the battery under complex working conditions such as high-rate charging and discharging and long-term operation. In addition, the traditional liquid cooling method generally has a single flow channel, which cannot fully exchange heat for the battery and cannot meet the current high-rate charging and discharging requirements.

[0004] To this end, a temperature control structure and a heat and cold management system and a control method of a power battery are proposed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a temperature control structure and a heat and cold management system and a control method for a power battery, aiming to solve or improve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a temperature control structure of a power battery, comprising:

[0007] A plurality of fins, wherein the fins are used to be arranged on a battery, wherein the battery comprises a plurality of battery cells arranged side by side, wherein the plurality of fins and the plurality of battery cells are arranged at intervals, wherein the battery cells are sandwiched between two adjacent fins, and a ventilation channel is provided on the fins;

[0008] A double-layer serpentine flow channel comprises an upper serpentine flow channel and a lower serpentine flow channel, wherein the upper serpentine flow channel is close to the top of the plurality of battery cells, and the lower serpentine flow channel is close to the bottom of the plurality of battery cells.

[0009] Optionally, an air inlet channel and an air outlet channel are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the plurality of fins, the two sides of the ventilation channel are respectively connected with the air inlet channel and the air outlet channel, and a plurality of air inlet fans are fixedly connected to the air inlet of the air inlet channel;

[0010] The plurality of ventilation channels are arranged in sequence along the flow direction of the incoming air in the air inlet channel, and the size of the air inlet channel gradually decreases along the flow direction of the incoming air; the plurality of ventilation channels are arranged in sequence along the flow direction of the outgoing air in the air outlet channel, and the size of the air outlet channel gradually increases along the flow direction of the outgoing air.

[0011] Optionally, a plurality of air inlets are provided on the side wall of the air inlet channel, a plurality of air outlets are provided on the side wall of the air outlet channel, both ends of the ventilation channel on the fin are respectively connected to the air inlets and the air outlets, and the air inlet end of the air inlet and the air outlet end of the air outlet are respectively provided with expansion grooves.

[0012] Optionally, the size of the ventilation channel decreases gradually along the flow direction of the wind.

[0013] Optionally, the upper serpentine flow channel includes two parallel first serpentine tubes, the lower serpentine flow channel includes two parallel second serpentine tubes, the top of the fin is sandwiched between the two first serpentine tubes, and the bottom of the fin is sandwiched between the two second serpentine tubes;

[0014] A first water inlet pipe and a first water outlet pipe are also provided, wherein two ends of the first water inlet pipe are respectively fixedly connected and communicated with the water inlet ends of the two first serpentine pipes and the water inlet ends of the two second serpentine pipes, and two ends of the first water outlet pipe are respectively fixedly connected and communicated with the water outlet ends of the two first serpentine pipes and the water outlet ends of the two second serpentine pipes, a first water inlet is provided in the middle of the first water inlet pipe, and a first water outlet is provided in the middle of the first water outlet pipe.

[0015] Optionally, the battery unit is wrapped with a thermally conductive adhesive layer, the side wall of the thermally conductive adhesive layer is in contact with the side wall of the fin, and the first serpentine tube and the second serpentine tube are respectively located at the top and bottom of the thermally conductive adhesive layer.

[0016] A heat and cold management system for a power battery is also provided, comprising a heating module and a liquid cooling module, wherein the heating module is used to heat the liquid in the upper serpentine flow channel and the lower serpentine flow channel, and the liquid cooling module is used to cool the liquid in the upper serpentine flow channel and the lower serpentine flow channel;

[0017] A first inlet of the air cooling channel in the liquid cooling module is in communication with external air, an outlet of the air cooling channel in the liquid cooling module is in communication with the plurality of ventilation channels, and the ventilation channels are also in communication with external air.

[0018] Optionally, the cold water inlet and the cold water outlet of the heating module are connected with a first pipe 77, the first pipe 77 on the cold water outlet of the heating module is connected with the water inlet of the liquid cooling module, the water outlet of the liquid cooling module is connected with the water inlet ends of the upper serpentine flow channel and the lower serpentine flow channel through a second pipe 86, a water pump is fixedly connected to the second pipe, and a first three-way valve is connected between the water pump and the liquid cooling module; the first pipe 77 on the cold water inlet of the heating module is connected with a fourth pipe 85 through a second three-way valve, and the fourth pipe 85 is connected with the water outlet ends of the upper serpentine flow channel and the lower serpentine flow channel;

[0019] A third pipe 76 is connected to the hot water inlet and the hot water outlet of the heating module. The third pipe 76 on the hot water inlet of the heating module is connected to the third port on the second three-way valve. The third pipe 76 on the hot water outlet of the heating module is connected to the third port of the first three-way valve.

[0020] Optionally, a heat exchange unit is further provided, and the heat exchange unit is used to be placed on the heating element to absorb the heat of the heating element, and the liquid in the heat exchange unit is connected to the third pipe 76 on the hot water outlet of the heating module through the fifth pipe 78, and the fifth pipe 78 is provided with a switch;

[0021] The heat exchange unit is also connected to an air duct 79, one end of which is connected to the outside air, and the other end of which is connected to the second inlet of the air cooling channel in the liquid cooling module.

[0022] A control method for a cold and heat management system is also provided, wherein when the battery pack needs to dissipate heat, the temperature of the battery pack is set to be in a first temperature stage, a second temperature stage, and a third temperature stage, and the temperatures in the first temperature stage, the second temperature stage, and the third temperature stage increase in sequence;

[0023] When the battery pack is in the first temperature stage, external natural wind is introduced into the ventilation passage;

[0024] When the battery pack is in the second temperature stage, the liquid cooling module is turned on, and external natural wind is introduced into the ventilation channel;

[0025] When the battery pack is in the third temperature stage, the liquid cooling module is turned on, and at the same time, the outlet of the air cooling channel in the liquid cooling module is connected to the multiple ventilation channels, and the external natural wind passes through the air cooling channel in the liquid cooling module and then enters the ventilation channel;

[0026] When the battery pack needs to be heated, the temperature of the battery pack is in the fourth temperature stage and the fifth temperature stage, and the temperature in the fourth temperature stage is greater than the temperature in the fifth temperature stage;

[0027] When the battery pack is in the fourth temperature stage, the heat exchange unit is turned on;

[0028] When the battery pack is in the fifth temperature stage, the heat exchange unit is turned on and the heating module is turned on.

[0029] The present invention discloses the following technical effects: the present application is provided with fins and double-layer serpentine flow channels, cold air or hot air can be passed into the fins, and cooling liquid or heating liquid can be passed into the double-layer serpentine flow channels, thereby realizing the dual heat exchange effect of air circulation and liquid flow coupled, and the fins are located on the sides of the battery cells, and the double-layer serpentine flow channels are located on the top surface and the ground of the battery cells, thereby facilitating uniform heat exchange of the battery cells, improving the temperature control uniformity and temperature control efficiency of the battery cells, reducing the temperature gradient of the temperature field in the battery pack, and maintaining the battery pack in a suitable temperature range, which is beneficial to improving the overall performance of the battery pack. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0031] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the temperature regulating structure of the power battery in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the air outlet channel and the top plate in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 It is an exploded view of the temperature adjustment structure in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery unit and the fin in the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the air outlet plate in the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the air inlet plate of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the double-layer serpentine flow channel in the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cold and heat management system in the present invention;

[0039] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the heating module in the present invention.

[0040] In the figure: 1, fin; 2, battery unit; 3, ventilation channel; 4, upper serpentine flow channel; 5, lower serpentine flow channel; 6, air inlet channel; 7, air outlet channel; 8, air inlet fan; 9, air inlet; 10, air outlet; 11, air inlet plate; 12, air outlet plate; 13, first serpentine tube; 14, second serpentine tube; 15, first water inlet pipe; 16, first water outlet pipe; 17, first water inlet; 18, first water outlet; 19, thermal conductive adhesive layer; 20, top plate; 21, first bottom plate; 22, first slot; 23, second bottom plate; 24, heating module; 25, liquid cooling module; 26. First pipeline; 27. Second pipeline; 28. Water pump; 29. ​​First three-way valve; 30. Second three-way valve; 31. Fourth pipeline; 32. Third pipeline; 33. Fifth pipeline; 34. Air pipeline; 35. Heat exchange unit; 37. Back cover; 38. Front cover; 39. Outer box layer; 40. Middle box layer; 41. Inner box layer; 42. Vacuum layer; 43. Load bearing seat; 44. Limiting strip; 45. Insulation material layer; 46. First inner cavity; 47. Second inner cavity; 48. Third inner cavity; 49. PTC thermistor; 50. BTMS controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0043] Reference Figure 1-Figure 8 The present invention provides a temperature control structure of a power battery, comprising:

[0044] A plurality of fins 1, the fins 1 are used to be arranged on a battery, the battery comprises a plurality of battery cells 2 arranged side by side, the plurality of fins 1 and the plurality of battery cells 2 are arranged at intervals, the battery cells 2 are sandwiched between two adjacent fins 1, and a ventilation channel 3 is opened on the fin 1;

[0045] The double-layer serpentine flow channel includes an upper serpentine flow channel 4 and a lower serpentine flow channel 5 . The upper serpentine flow channel 4 is close to the top of the multiple battery cells 2 , and the lower serpentine flow channel 5 is close to the bottom of the multiple battery cells 2 .

[0046] The present application is provided with fins 1 and double-layer serpentine flow channels, cold air or hot air can be passed into the fins 1, and cooling liquid or heating liquid can be passed into the double-layer serpentine flow channels, thereby achieving a dual heat exchange effect of air circulation and liquid flow coupled, and the fins 1 are located on the side of the battery cell 2, and the double-layer serpentine flow channels are located on the top surface and the ground of the battery cell 2, thereby facilitating uniform heat exchange of the battery cell 2, improving the temperature control uniformity and temperature control efficiency of the battery cell 2, reducing the temperature gradient of the temperature field in the battery pack, and maintaining the battery pack in a suitable temperature range, which is beneficial to improving the overall performance of the battery pack.

[0047] In some optional embodiments, an air inlet channel 6 and an air outlet channel 7 are respectively provided on opposite sides of the plurality of fins 1, and both sides of the ventilation channel 3 are respectively connected to the air inlet channel 6 and the air outlet channel 7, and a plurality of air inlet fans 8 are fixedly connected to the air inlet of the air inlet channel 6;

[0048] Multiple ventilation channels 3 are arranged in sequence along the flow direction of the incoming air in the air inlet channel 6, and the size of the air inlet channel 6 gradually decreases along the flow direction of the incoming air; multiple ventilation channels 3 are arranged in sequence along the flow direction of the outgoing air in the air outlet channel 7, and the size of the air outlet channel 7 gradually increases along the flow direction of the outgoing air.

[0049] After the external air flows into the air inlet channel 6, it will flow into each ventilation channel 3 in turn. As the air flows in the air inlet channel 6, the air flow rate will gradually decrease. By setting the air inlet channel 6 to a tapered type, the wind speed can be concentrated, the wind flow rate can be increased, and the wind speed can be avoided from being too low when it flows to the rear end of the air inlet channel 6; the air outlet channel 7 is set to a tapered type to avoid blocking the air outlet, thereby improving the air outlet smoothness while ensuring the flow rate, thereby improving the heat exchange effect.

[0050] In some optional embodiments, a plurality of air inlets 9 are provided on the side wall of the air inlet channel 6, a plurality of air outlets 10 are provided on the side wall of the air outlet channel 7, both ends of the ventilation channel 3 on the fin 1 are connected to the air inlet 9 and the air outlet 10 respectively, and the air inlet end of the air inlet 9 and the air outlet end of the air outlet 10 are respectively provided with expansion grooves.

[0051] The expanded groove is provided to facilitate the air in the air inlet channel 6 to flow smoothly into the ventilation channel 3 .

[0052] In some additional implementation schemes, a plurality of air inlets 9 are provided on the side wall of the air inlet channel 6, an air inlet plate 11 is fixedly connected to the air inlet 9, an air inlet channel connected to the air inlet 9 is provided on the air inlet plate 11, the plurality of air inlet plates 11 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of fins 1, and the air inlet channel is connected to the ventilation channel 3; a plurality of air outlets 10 are provided on the side wall of the air outlet channel 7, an air outlet plate 12 is fixedly connected to the air outlet 10, an air duct connected to the air outlet 10 is provided on the air outlet plate 12, the plurality of air outlet plates 12 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of fins 1, and the air duct is connected to the ventilation channel 3; the two ends of the fin 1 are plugged or welded between the air inlet plate 11 and the air outlet plate 12.

[0053] The air flows into the air inlet channel on the air inlet plate 11 through the air inlet channel 6 and the air inlet port 9, then flows through the ventilation channel 3, the air duct on the air outlet plate 12, the air outlet 10 and the air outlet channel 7, and finally flows out of the battery pack.

[0054] In some optional embodiments, the size of the ventilation channel 3 decreases gradually along the flow direction of the wind.

[0055] Specifically, the ventilation channel 3 is fixedly connected to a plurality of blocking grids, so as to divide the ventilation channel 3 into a plurality of small channels, and the sizes of the small channels are gradually reduced along the flow direction of the wind.

[0056] In some optional embodiments, the upper serpentine flow channel 4 includes two parallel first serpentine tubes 13, the lower serpentine flow channel 5 includes two parallel second serpentine tubes 14, the top of the fin 1 is sandwiched between the two first serpentine tubes 13, and the bottom of the fin 1 is sandwiched between the two second serpentine tubes 14;

[0057] A first water inlet pipe 15 and a first water outlet pipe 16 are also provided. Both ends of the first water inlet pipe 15 are respectively fixedly connected and communicated with the water inlet ends of the two first serpentine pipes 13 and the water inlet ends of the two second serpentine pipes 14. Both ends of the first water outlet pipe 16 are respectively fixedly connected and communicated with the water outlet ends of the two first serpentine pipes 13 and the water outlet ends of the two second serpentine pipes 14. A first water inlet port 17 is provided in the middle of the first water inlet pipe 15, and a first water outlet port 18 is provided in the middle of the first water outlet pipe 16.

[0058] The first serpentine tube 13 and the second serpentine tube 14 are connected to the fin 1 by brazing; the liquid flows into the first water inlet pipe 15 through the first water inlet 17, and then flows into the two first serpentine tubes 13 and the two second serpentine tubes 14 simultaneously, and then flows into the first water outlet pipe 16, and flows out through the first water outlet 18.

[0059] The two parallel first serpentine tubes 13 do not contact each other, and the two parallel second serpentine tubes 14 do not contact each other, so as to avoid heat transfer between the flow channels. The two parallel first serpentine tubes 13 and the two parallel second serpentine tubes 14 constitute a double-layer bidirectional parallel serpentine flow channel. Compared with the traditional unidirectional flow liquid cooling tube, the double-layer bidirectional parallel serpentine flow channel can more effectively reduce the battery temperature and reduce the temperature difference of the battery pack, ensuring that each battery cell can be fully cooled or heated to avoid the generation of hot spots.

[0060] In some optional embodiments, the battery unit 2 is wrapped with a thermally conductive adhesive layer 19, the side wall of the thermally conductive adhesive layer 19 is in contact with the side wall of the fin 1, and the first serpentine tube 13 and the second serpentine tube 14 are respectively located at the top and bottom of the thermally conductive adhesive layer 19. The bottom of the first serpentine tube 13 is in direct contact with the thermally conductive adhesive layer 19.

[0061] The battery unit 2 is composed of a plurality of single cylindrical batteries, and the thermal conductive adhesive layer 19 wraps each single cylindrical battery in the battery unit 2. The single cylindrical battery transfers heat to the thermal conductive adhesive layer 19, which facilitates the heat transfer; and the thermal conductive adhesive layer 19 is completely in contact with each fin 1, and also plays a role in fixing the battery, making the structure of the battery pack more compact; at the same time, the thermal conductive adhesive layer 19 plays a buffering role.

[0062] In some additional embodiments, a top plate 20 and a first bottom plate 21 are respectively provided on the top and bottom of multiple battery cells 2, and a first slot 22 is respectively opened on the top plate 20 and the first bottom plate 21, and the two ends of the fin 1 are respectively inserted into the first slot 22 of the top plate 20 and the first slot 22 of the first bottom plate 21; the first serpentine tube 13 is clamped between the top of the thermal conductive adhesive layer 19 and the bottom of the top plate 20, and a second bottom plate 23 is provided below the first bottom plate 21, the fin 1 passes through the first bottom plate 21 and is inserted into the second bottom plate 23, and the second serpentine tube 14 is clamped between the first bottom plate 21 and the second bottom plate 23; the bottom of the battery cell 2 contacts with the top of the first bottom plate 21, and the first bottom plate 21 can transfer heat to the second serpentine tube 14.

[0063] The fin 1, the top plate 20, the first bottom plate 21, the second bottom plate 23, the rear cover 37 and the front cover 38 are welded to form the overall frame of the battery pack. The rear cover 37 seals the battery pack and reinforces the mechanical structure of the battery pack. There are through holes on the rear cover 37, which cooperate with the inlet and outlet of each pipeline respectively; the front cover 38 seals the front end of the battery pack and reinforces the mechanical structure of the battery pack. The above welding coordination makes the mechanical preload of the entire battery pack structure better.

[0064] A temperature sensor T1 is provided inside the battery pack.

[0065] The present invention provides a heat and cold management system for a power battery, comprising a heating module 24 and a liquid cooling module 25, wherein the heating module 24 is used to heat the liquid in the upper serpentine flow channel 4 and the lower serpentine flow channel 5, and the liquid cooling module 25 is used to cool the liquid in the upper serpentine flow channel 4 and the lower serpentine flow channel 5;

[0066] The first inlet of the air cooling channel in the liquid cooling module 25 is in communication with the external air, and the outlet of the air cooling channel in the liquid cooling module 25 is in communication with the plurality of ventilation channels 3, which are also in communication with the external air.

[0067] In some optional embodiments, the cold water inlet and the cold water outlet of the heating module 24 are connected with a first pipe 26, the first pipe 26 on the cold water outlet of the heating module 24 is connected with the water inlet of the liquid cooling module 25, the water outlet of the liquid cooling module 25 is connected with the first water inlet 17 through a second pipe 27, a water pump 28 is fixedly connected to the second pipe 27, and a first three-way valve 29 is connected between the water pump 28 and the liquid cooling module 25; the first pipe 26 on the cold water inlet of the heating module 24 is connected with a fourth pipe 31 through a second three-way valve 30, and the fourth pipe 31 is connected with the first water outlet 18;

[0068] A third pipe 32 is connected to the hot water inlet and the hot water outlet of the heating module 24. The third pipe 32 on the hot water inlet of the heating module 24 is connected to the third port on the second three-way valve 30. The third pipe 32 on the hot water outlet of the heating module 24 is connected to the third port of the first three-way valve 29.

[0069] Specifically, the heating module 24 includes a multifunctional box, which is both a PTC thermistor heating box in the heating system and an insulation box in the thermal management system, and also serves as a common water tank for liquid cooling and heating; the multifunctional box is composed of an outer box layer 39, an intermediate box layer 40, and an inner box layer 41 to form an overall frame, and a vacuum layer 42 is provided between the outer box layer 39 and the intermediate box layer 40, and the vacuum layer 42 has four upper and lower force supports 43 supporting the overall structure and a limit bar 44 for fixing the position of the inner box, the four force supports 43 have vacuum inner cavity communication holes, and the limit bar 44 has vacuum inner cavity communication holes, and between the intermediate box layer 40 and the inner box layer 41 is a thermal insulation material layer 45, and the inner box is divided into a first inner cavity 46, a second inner cavity 47 and a third inner cavity 48; the vacuum layer can avoid the transfer of heat in the inner box to a great extent, and the thermal insulation layer uses polystyrene foam as the thermal insulation material.

[0070] The hot water inlet and the cold water inlet are both placed at the bottom of the left side of the box, and the hot water outlet and the cold water outlet are both arranged at the upper right side of the box. The first inner cavity 46 has three PTC thermistors 49, the second inner cavity 47 has five PTC thermistors 49, and the third inner cavity 48 has two PTC thermistors 49. The surface of the PTC thermistor 49 has a metal coating, which has the functions of waterproofing and rapid heat transfer. The PTC thermistor 49 is completely immersed in the liquid in the water tank, which greatly improves the heating efficiency of the liquid; the function of the three inner cavities is to make the circulating liquid have a gradual heating process to prevent the circulating liquid from mixing with the newly heated liquid and affecting the heating effect. The liquid outlet of the first inner cavity 46 is higher than the outlet of the second inner cavity 47, which ensures that the PTC thermistor 49 is completely immersed in the liquid. There is a vacuum exhaust valve on the outer box layer 39, and there are temperature sensors T3 and T5 in the inner box. The temperature sensor T3 is used to detect the temperature of the liquid in the inner box, and the temperature sensor T5 is used to detect whether the temperature of the PTC thermistor is abnormal. The box body ensures that the heated liquid does not exchange heat with the external low-temperature environment, and also ensures that the cooled coolant does not exchange heat with the external high-temperature environment. The liquid stored in the insulation box after heating or cooling can be used directly in the next use, which greatly avoids external energy loss and improves energy utilization efficiency.

[0071] The heating process of the PTC thermistor 49 is controlled by the BTMS controller 50. The heating process is carried out under the regulation of the BTMS controller 50. First, the temperature sensor T1 detects the temperature inside the battery pack and collects the voltage value at both ends of the temperature sensor. After passing through the amplifier, the voltage value is sent to the ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter) port of the single-chip microcomputer for sampling. After the single-chip microcomputer performs ADC sampling on the voltage value collected by the temperature sensor, it outputs a PWM control signal to control the operation of the PTC thermistor box, and regulates different heating levels according to the different temperature range values ​​collected. This application divides the heating of the thermistor into three levels, which are respectively controlled by giving different current values ​​to the working level of the thermistor.

[0072] The liquid cooling module 25 is connected as an individual in the thermal management system. There are temperature sensors T2 and T6 in the box. The temperature sensor T2 detects the outlet temperature to determine whether it meets the cooling requirements. The temperature sensor T6 is an anti-freezing temperature sensor to prevent the temperature in the liquid cooling box from reaching below zero degrees and causing ice to form in the liquid cooling box. An air flow channel for cooling air is also provided inside. The cooling effect of the liquid cooling module 25 is controlled by the BTMS controller 50. First, the temperature in the battery pack is detected by the temperature sensor T1, and the voltage value at both ends of the temperature sensor is collected. After passing through the amplifier, the voltage value is sent to the ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter) port of the single-chip microcomputer for sampling. After the single-chip microcomputer performs ADC sampling on the voltage value collected by the temperature sensor, it outputs a PWM control signal to control the operation of the liquid cooling module 25, and adjusts different cooling effects according to the different temperature range values ​​collected. The present application divides the cooling process of the liquid cooling module 25 into three levels. By changing the duty cycle of the PWM signal, the flow rate of the pump or the speed of the fan can be controlled, thereby adjusting the flow speed of the coolant and the heat exchange rate, or by using the PWM signal to control the opening degree of the electric valve, the flow path of the coolant can be controlled, thereby optimizing the cooling effect.

[0073] The BTMS controller 50 has a power module, a temperature processing module, a drive module, a feedback module, a single-chip microcomputer module, a CAN communication module, and a safety detection module. The hardware design of the BTMS controller ensures the safe and efficient operation of the battery management system through the coordinated work of multiple modules.

[0074] In this embodiment, the hot water inlet and the cold water inlet are the same port, and the hot water outlet and the cold water outlet are the same port. When the liquid in the serpentine tube needs to be heated, the PTC thermistor 49 is started, and the liquid circulating in the entire system is a heated liquid. If heating is not required, the PTC thermistor 49 is turned off, and the liquid cooling module 25 is started, and the liquid circulating in the entire system is a low-temperature liquid.

[0075] An air inlet fan 8 is provided on the air inlet channel 6. When the natural air cooling mode is in progress, natural air is blown into the air inlet channel 6. When the cold air cooling mode needs to be started, the air inlet channel 6 is connected to the air cooling channel in the liquid cooling module 25. The external air is cooled after passing through the air cooling channel in the liquid cooling module 25 and then flows into the air inlet channel 6 to cool the battery pack.

[0076] In some optional embodiments, a heat exchange unit 35 is further provided, and the heat exchange unit 35 is used to be placed on the heating element to absorb the heat of the heating element. The liquid in the heat exchange unit 35 is connected to the third pipe 32 on the hot water outlet of the heating module 24 through the fifth pipe 33, and a switch is provided on the fifth pipe 33;

[0077] The heat exchange unit 35 is also connected to an air duct 34 , one end of the air duct 34 is connected to the outside air, and the other end is connected to the second inlet of the air cooling channel in the liquid cooling module 25 .

[0078] The heat exchange unit 35 exchanges the heat of the main heating elements such as the vehicle motor. When the battery pack needs to be heated, the heat of the heating element heats the liquid flowing through the heat exchange unit 35, and works together with the heating module 24 to achieve joint heating of the liquid. The heat of the heating element is recycled through the heat exchange unit 35 to improve the heat utilization rate. At the same time, the heat exchange unit 35 has an air flow channel. The external air is heated after passing through the air flow channel of the heat exchange unit 35. At this time, the liquid cooling module 25 is closed, and the heated air passes through the air channel on the liquid cooling module 25 and enters the air inlet channel 6 to achieve hot air blowing.

[0079] When the temperature of the heated liquid in the heat exchange unit 35 is high, it is directly passed into the third pipe 32 of the hot water outlet of the heating module 24. When the temperature is low, it is passed into the third pipe 32 of the hot water inlet of the heating module 24, thereby entering the heating module 24 for secondary heating.

[0080] The first three-way valve 29 and the second three-way valve 30 are valves that change the direction of liquid flow. Both are controlled by the BTMS controller. When the system is in a cooling state, the first three-way valve 29 connects the water pump 28 and the liquid cooling module 25, and the second three-way valve 30 connects the cold water inlet of the heating module 24 and the fourth pipe 31 to form a complete liquid cooling circuit with the serpentine pipe in the battery pack. When the system is in a heating state, the first three-way valve 29 connects the pipeline water pump 28 and the hot water outlet of the heating module 24, the first three-way valve 29 connects the hot water inlet of the heating module 24 and the fourth pipe 31 to form a complete liquid cooling circuit with the serpentine pipe in the battery pack. When heating, the heat exchange unit 35 is connected to the third pipe 32 on the heating module 24 at the same time to realize the heat collected by the heat exchange unit 35. The heat is transferred to the serpentine pipe of the battery pack to heat the battery pack.

[0081] The present invention also provides a control method for a cold and heat management system, wherein when the battery pack needs to dissipate heat, the temperature of the battery pack is in a first temperature stage, a second temperature stage, and a third temperature stage, and the temperatures in the first temperature stage, the second temperature stage, and the third temperature stage increase in sequence;

[0082] When the battery pack is in the first temperature stage, external natural wind is introduced into the ventilation channel 3;

[0083] When the battery pack is in the second temperature stage, the liquid cooling module 25 is turned on, and the liquid in the upper serpentine flow channel 4 and the lower serpentine flow channel 5 is cooled by the liquid cooling module 25, and the external natural wind is introduced into the ventilation channel 3;

[0084] When the battery pack is in the third temperature stage, the liquid cooling module 25 is turned on, and the liquid in the upper serpentine flow channel 4 and the lower serpentine flow channel 5 is cooled by the liquid cooling module 25. At the same time, the outlet of the air cooling channel in the liquid cooling module is connected with the multiple ventilation channels 3, and the external natural wind passes through the air cooling channel in the liquid cooling module 25 and enters the ventilation channel 3;

[0085] When the battery pack needs to be heated, the temperature of the battery pack is in the fourth temperature stage and the fifth temperature stage, and the temperature in the fourth temperature stage is greater than the temperature in the fifth temperature stage;

[0086] When the battery pack is in the fourth temperature stage, the heat exchange unit 35 is turned on to heat the liquid in the upper serpentine flow channel 4 and the lower serpentine flow channel 5, and at the same time, the hot air is sent into the ventilation channel 3 through the air duct 34;

[0087] When the battery pack is in the fifth temperature stage, the heat exchange unit 35 is turned on, the heating module 24 is turned on, and the liquid in the upper serpentine flow channel 4 and the lower serpentine flow channel 5 are heated by the heat exchange unit 35 and the heating module 24, and the hot air is sent into the ventilation channel 3 through the air duct 34.

[0088] Specifically, when the battery pack needs to be heated, the working procedure is:

[0089] When the temperature is between 15°C < T1 < 20°C, the heat exchange unit 35 is turned on to heat the battery pack using the heat generated by the motor of the vehicle during operation;

[0090] When the temperature T1 is less than 15°C, the single chip microcomputer outputs a PWM control signal, the heating module 24 is started synchronously, and the PTC thermistor in the heating module 24 starts to work and turns on the first gear. After the liquid is heated, the high-temperature liquid flows through the serpentine pipe in the battery pack to heat the battery pack;

[0091] When the temperature is 10℃<T4<15℃, the PTC thermistor increases the current and opens the second gear;

[0092] When the temperature T4 is less than 10°C, the PTC thermistor increases the current and opens the third gear.

[0093] As the opening levels of the heating module 24 increase, the heating effect gradually increases.

[0094] When the battery pack needs to be cooled, the working procedure is:

[0095] When 20℃<T1<25℃, the air cooling mode is simply enabled for cooling, and the air is sent into the air inlet channel 6 through the air inlet fan 8;

[0096] When the temperature range is 25°C<T4<30°C, the air cooling mode starts and the liquid cooling module 25 starts, and the cooling effect of the liquid cooling module 25 starts at the first gear;

[0097] When the temperature range is 30°C<T4<40°C, the cooling effect of the liquid cooling module 25 is set to the second gear;

[0098] When the temperature range value is T4>40℃, the cooling effect of the liquid cooling module 25 is turned on to the third gear, and the outside air is connected to the air cooling channel in the liquid cooling module 25 for cooling. The cooled air is passed into the air inlet channel 6 to cool the side of the battery pack.

[0099] The cooling effect of the liquid cooling module 25 is improved as the number of opening gears increases.

[0100] The BTMS controller has a power module, which is responsible for converting the vehicle-mounted high-voltage system into a low-voltage DC power supply and providing stable power support for other modules. This module uses an efficient buck converter to ensure stable output voltage under different load conditions, and has overcurrent and overvoltage protection functions to ensure the safety of the entire system. Temperature processing module, the temperature processing module is responsible for real-time monitoring of the battery pack temperature, the temperature of the water outlet and the water inlet, and the temperature of the liquid cooling box. The PTC thermistor heats the temperature inside the box. In order to prevent the compressor from abnormally cooling due to low temperature, resulting in ice in the pipe, an anti-freezing temperature sensor T6 is added. The module collects temperature data through a high-precision temperature sensor and transmits the information to the single-chip microcomputer for analysis and processing to ensure that the system operates within a safe temperature range. Drive module, the drive module generates a PWM control signal for adjusting the speed of the electronic fan and water pump. By adjusting the duty cycle of the PWM signal, accurate speed control can be achieved to meet the heat dissipation and cooling requirements under different working conditions and improve the energy efficiency of the system. Feedback module, the feedback module is responsible for collecting fault feedback signals of the electronic fan and water pump, as well as the state quantity of the three-state pressure switch. This information will be fed back to the MCU in real time to monitor and diagnose the system operation status and ensure that the system can take timely measures when a fault occurs. MCU module, the MCU module is the core of the entire control system and is responsible for analyzing and processing information from each module. Through internal algorithms, the MCU can control the working status of each module in real time and make necessary decisions to optimize the overall performance of the system. CAN communication module, the CAN communication module is used for information exchange between the liquid cooling box compressor and the PTC thermistor heating. This module is responsible for controlling the speed of the compressor and the heating power of the PTC heater, and reading its fault information to ensure the efficient operation of the system. Safety detection module, used to issue an alarm when the temperature exceeds the safety range or the system fails; the safety detection module includes an alarm unit and an automatic power-off unit; the alarm is used to issue a warning when an abnormal situation is detected to remind the user to repair the equipment; the automatic power-off unit is to automatically disconnect the power supply of the battery system in the event of a sudden serious abnormal situation to prevent accidents, relying on the CAN communication module. The hardware design of the BTMS controller ensures the safe and efficient operation of the battery management system through the collaborative work of multiple modules and is connected to other modules through circuits. Each module is carefully designed to meet the needs of actual applications and improve the service life and performance of the battery system.

[0101] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0102] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A temperature control structure for a power battery, characterized in that: include: A plurality of fins (1), the fins (1) being used to be arranged on a battery, the battery comprising a plurality of battery cells (2) arranged side by side, the plurality of fins (1) and the plurality of battery cells (2) being arranged at intervals, the battery cells (2) being sandwiched between two adjacent fins (1), and the fins (1) being provided with ventilation channels (3); A double-layer serpentine flow channel, the double-layer serpentine flow channel comprising an upper serpentine flow channel (4) and a lower serpentine flow channel (5), the upper serpentine flow channel (4) being close to the top of the plurality of battery cells (2), and the lower serpentine flow channel (5) being close to the bottom of the plurality of battery cells (2).

2. The temperature regulating structure of the power battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air inlet channel (6) and an air outlet channel (7) are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the plurality of fins (1); both sides of the ventilation channel (3) are respectively connected to the air inlet channel (6) and the air outlet channel (7); and a plurality of air inlet fans (8) are fixedly connected to the air inlet of the air inlet channel (6); The plurality of ventilation channels (3) are arranged in sequence along the flow direction of the incoming air in the air inlet channel (6), and the size of the air inlet channel (6) gradually decreases along the flow direction of the incoming air; the plurality of ventilation channels (3) are arranged in sequence along the flow direction of the outgoing air in the air outlet channel (7), and the size of the air outlet channel (7) gradually increases along the flow direction of the outgoing air.

3. The temperature regulating structure of the power battery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The side wall of the air inlet channel (6) is provided with a plurality of air inlets (9), the side wall of the air outlet channel (7) is provided with a plurality of air outlets (10), the two ends of the ventilation channel (3) on the fin (1) are respectively connected to the air inlet (9) and the air outlet (10), and the air inlet end of the air inlet (9) and the air outlet end of the air outlet (10) are respectively provided with expansion grooves.

4. The temperature regulating structure of the power battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The size of the ventilation channel (3) gradually decreases along the flow direction of the wind.

5. The temperature regulating structure of the power battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper serpentine flow channel (4) comprises two parallel first serpentine tubes (13), the lower serpentine flow channel (5) comprises two parallel second serpentine tubes (14), the top of the fin (1) is sandwiched between the two first serpentine tubes (13), and the bottom of the fin (1) is sandwiched between the two second serpentine tubes (14); A first water inlet pipe (15) and a first water outlet pipe (16) are also provided. The two ends of the first water inlet pipe (15) are respectively fixedly connected to and communicated with the water inlet ends of the two first serpentine pipes (13) and the water inlet ends of the two second serpentine pipes (14). The two ends of the first water outlet pipe (16) are respectively fixedly connected to and communicated with the water outlet ends of the two first serpentine pipes (13) and the water outlet ends of the two second serpentine pipes (14). A first water inlet port (17) is provided in the middle of the first water inlet pipe (15), and a first water outlet port (18) is provided in the middle of the first water outlet pipe (16).

6. The temperature regulating structure of the power battery according to claim 5, characterized in that: The battery unit (2) is wrapped with a thermally conductive adhesive layer (19), the side wall of the thermally conductive adhesive layer (19) is in contact with the side wall of the fin (1), and the first serpentine tube (13) and the second serpentine tube (14) are respectively located at the top and bottom of the thermally conductive adhesive layer (19).

7. A thermal management system for a power battery, according to the temperature control structure of the power battery according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: It comprises a heating module (24) and a liquid cooling module (25), wherein the heating module (24) is used to heat the liquid in the upper serpentine flow channel (4) and the lower serpentine flow channel (5), and the liquid cooling module (25) is used to cool the liquid in the upper serpentine flow channel (4) and the lower serpentine flow channel (5); The first inlet of the air cooling channel in the liquid cooling module (25) is connected to the external air, the outlet of the air cooling channel in the liquid cooling module (25) is connected to the plurality of ventilation channels (3), and the ventilation channels (3) are also connected to the external air.

8. The thermal management system of the power battery according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cold water inlet and the cold water outlet of the heating module (24) are connected with a first pipe (26); the first pipe (26) on the cold water outlet of the heating module (24) is connected with the water inlet of the liquid cooling module (25); the water outlet of the liquid cooling module (25) is connected with the water inlet ends of the upper serpentine flow channel (4) and the lower serpentine flow channel (5) through a second pipe (27); a water pump (28) is fixedly connected to the second pipe (27); a first three-way valve (29) is connected between the water pump (28) and the liquid cooling module (25); the first pipe (26) on the cold water inlet of the heating module (24) is connected with a fourth pipe (31) through a second three-way valve (30); the fourth pipe (31) is connected with the water outlet ends of the upper serpentine flow channel (4) and the lower serpentine flow channel (5); A third pipe (32) is connected to the hot water inlet and the hot water outlet of the heating module (24); the third pipe (32) on the hot water inlet of the heating module (24) is connected to the third port on the second three-way valve (30); and the third pipe (32) on the hot water outlet of the heating module (24) is connected to the third port of the first three-way valve (29).

9. The thermal management system of the power battery according to claim 8, characterized in that: A heat exchange unit is also provided, the heat exchange unit is used to be placed on the heating element so as to absorb the heat of the heating element, the liquid in the heat exchange unit is connected to the third pipe (32) on the hot water outlet of the heating module (24) through a fifth pipe (33), and a switch is provided on the fifth pipe (33); The heat exchange unit is also connected to an air duct (34), one end of the air duct (34) is connected to the outside air, and the other end is connected to the second inlet of the air cooling channel in the liquid cooling module (25).

10. A control method for a cold and heat management system, according to the cold and heat management system of a power battery according to claim 9, characterized in that: When the battery pack is set to need heat dissipation, the temperature of the battery pack is in the first temperature stage, the second temperature stage, and the third temperature stage, and the temperatures in the first temperature stage, the second temperature stage, and the third temperature stage increase in sequence; When the battery pack is in the first temperature stage, external natural wind is introduced into the ventilation passage (3); When the battery pack is in the second temperature stage, the liquid cooling module (25) is turned on, and external natural wind is introduced into the ventilation channel (3); When the battery pack is in the third temperature stage, the liquid cooling module (25) is turned on, and at the same time, the outlet of the air cooling channel in the liquid cooling module (25) is connected to the plurality of ventilation channels (3), and external natural wind passes through the air cooling channel in the liquid cooling module (25) and then enters the ventilation channel (3); When the battery pack needs to be heated, the temperature of the battery pack is in the fourth temperature stage and the fifth temperature stage, and the temperature in the fourth temperature stage is greater than the temperature in the fifth temperature stage; When the battery pack is in the fourth temperature stage, the heat exchange unit is turned on; When the battery pack is in the fifth temperature stage, the heat exchange unit is turned on and the heating module (24) is turned on.

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