Communication equipment, base station and communication system

Abstract

The invention provides communication equipment, a base station and a communication system. The communication equipment comprises a power divider, a coupler group and a multiplexer which are connected in sequence, the power divider is connected with the coupler group through at least two first lines, the power divider can divide light into at least two paths of branch light, and each path of branch light is transmitted to the coupler group through one first line. And a phase difference and a time difference exist in transmission of any two paths of split light rays in the corresponding first line. The coupler group carries out coupling interference on the received at least two paths of split light rays and outputs at least two paths of coupled split light rays, each path of coupled split light rays passes through one second line and then enters the multiplexer, and any two paths of coupled split light rays have a time difference in transmission in the corresponding second line. And the multiplexer can carry out orthogonal beam combination on the received coupling and splitting light rays. The communication equipment can carry out dispersion compensation on light to suppress pulse broadening, so that the bit error rate of optical signal transmission is reduced, and the power loss of optical signals is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication device, a base station and a communication system. Background Art

[0002] Optical fiber communications technology has emerged from optical communications and has become one of the main pillars of modern communications, playing a vital role in modern telecommunications networks.

[0003] One advantage of fiber-optic communication is that it can transmit dozens of wavelengths of light simultaneously in one optical fiber. Since light of different wavelengths has different transmission speeds in the same optical fiber, it will produce dispersion. The generation of dispersion will lead to pulse broadening, which may cause the optical pulses to overlap, forming inter-symbol crosstalk, and then causing bit errors. In the current wireless fronthaul scenario, the transmission distance of light is relatively long, which causes the transmission of optical signals to be more affected by dispersion, resulting in more serious power attenuation of optical signals. Therefore, how to compensate for the dispersion of light has become a difficult problem that technicians in this field need to solve urgently. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application provides a communication device, a base station and a communication system for performing dispersion compensation on light to suppress pulse broadening of the light, thereby reducing power loss in optical signal transmission.

[0005] In the first aspect, the present application provides a communication device, which may include a power distributor, a coupler and a multiplexer connected in sequence, wherein the power distributor is connected to the coupler group through at least two first lines, and the coupler group is connected to the multiplexer through at least two second lines. The power distributor can be used to distribute light into at least two split light paths, and the at least two split light paths can enter the at least two first lines one by one, then each split light path can be transmitted from the power distributor to the coupler group along the corresponding first line, and there is a phase difference and time difference in the transmission of any two split light paths in the corresponding first line. The coupler group can be used to couple the at least two received split light paths and output at least two coupled split light paths, and the at least two coupled split light paths can enter the at least two second lines one by one, then each coupled split light path can be transmitted from the coupler group to the multiplexer along the corresponding second line, and there is a time difference in the transmission of any two coupled split light paths in the corresponding second line. The multiplexer can be used to orthogonally combine at least two coupled split light paths. The communication device provided by the present application can effectively compensate for the dispersion of light, thereby suppressing pulse broadening, reducing the bit error rate of the optical signal, and reducing the power loss of the optical signal transmission.

[0006] In a possible implementation of the present application, the power divider and the coupler group may be connected via N first lines, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2. In this way, each of at least N-1 first lines may include a phase shifter and a time delayer connected in series, so that the phase shifters and time delayers in at least N-1 first lines may be respectively set so that there is a phase difference and a time difference in the transmission of any two split light beams obtained by the power divider in the corresponding first lines.

[0007] In a possible implementation of the present application, the time delay device in each first line may be, but is not limited to, a spiral waveguide or an optical fiber of a set length, as long as the purpose of adjusting the transmission time of the split light in the first line can be achieved. In addition, the phase shifter of each first line may be, but is not limited to, a thermal phase shifter or an electrical phase shifter, as long as the purpose of adjusting the phase shift of the split light in the first line can be achieved.

[0008] In a possible implementation of the present application, the multiplexer and the coupler group may be connected via M second lines, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 2. In this way, each of at least M-1 second lines may include a time delay device, and thus the time delay devices in at least M-1 second lines may be respectively set so that there is a time difference in the transmission of any two coupled split light beams obtained by coupling interference of the coupler group in the corresponding second lines.

[0009] In a possible implementation of the present application, the time delay device in each second line may be, but is not limited to, a spiral waveguide or an optical fiber of a set length, as long as the purpose of adjusting the transmission time of the coupled split light in the second line can be achieved.

[0010] In a possible implementation of the present application, when the coupler group is specifically configured, it may include at least two couplers connected in sequence through a third line, and two adjacent couplers of the at least two couplers are connected through at least two third lines. At least two intermediate coupling split light beams output by the previous coupler of the two adjacent couplers of the at least two couplers can enter the at least two third lines one by one, and there is a phase difference and a time difference in the transmission of any two intermediate coupling split light beams in the corresponding third lines. Thus, the at least two split light beams entering the coupler group can be coupled and interfered through each coupler connected through the third line in sequence, and then the multiplexer outputs at least two coupled split light beams.

[0011] In a possible implementation of the present application, two adjacent couplers in at least two couplers are connected via X third lines, where X is an integer greater than or equal to 2. Then each of the at least X-1 third lines may include a phase shifter and a time delayer connected in series, so that the phase shifters and time delayers in the at least X-1 third lines may be respectively set so that any two intermediate coupled split light beams obtained by coupling interference of the previous coupler have a phase difference and a time difference in the transmission in the corresponding third line.

[0012] In a possible implementation of the present application, the time delay device in each third line may be, but is not limited to, a spiral waveguide or an optical fiber of a set length, as long as the purpose of adjusting the transmission time of the split light in the third line can be achieved. In addition, the phase shifter in each third line may be, but is not limited to, a thermal phase shifter or an electrical phase shifter, as long as the purpose of adjusting the phase shift of the split light in the third line can be achieved.

[0013] In a possible implementation of the present application, the multiplexer may be, but is not limited to, a mode multiplexer or a polarization multiplexer, etc., as long as it can realize the function of orthogonally combining at least two coupled split light beams with a time difference.

[0014] In a possible implementation of the present application, the coupler may be, but is not limited to, a multimode coupling interferometer or a directional coupler, as long as it can achieve the function of coupling and interfering at least two split light beams with phase difference and time difference.

[0015] In a possible implementation of the present application, the communication device may further include a detector, which may be used to receive the light after being orthogonally combined by the multiplexer, and the detector may be used to restore the signal modulated on the light. In this way, the communication device may be used to perform dispersion compensation on the light entering the communication device, reduce the bit error rate of the optical signal, and reduce the power loss of the optical signal transmission.

[0016] In addition, the communication device also includes a light transmission port power distributor for distributing the light modulated by the communication device into at least two split light beams, and the light transmission port is used to transmit the light beam orthogonally combined by the multiplexer to the outside of the communication device. The communication device provided by the present application can also be used to perform dispersion compensation on the light emitted by it to reduce the bit error rate of the optical signal and reduce the power loss of the optical signal transmission.

[0017] In a possible implementation of the present application, the power divider and the coupler group and the coupler group and the multiplexer may be directly connected or indirectly connected, which is not specifically limited in the present application. For example, the power divider and the coupler group may be directly connected through at least two first lines, and the coupler group and the multiplexer may be directly connected through at least two third lines. In addition, the communication device may also include at least one optical transmission system, each optical transmission system includes at least one section of optical transmission wire, and at least one optical transmission system may be connected in series between the power divider and the coupler group to achieve an indirect connection between the power divider and the coupler group. Alternatively, at least one optical transmission system may be connected in series between the coupler group and the multiplexer to achieve an indirect connection between the coupler group and the multiplexer.

[0018] In addition, when the communication device includes at least two optical transmission systems, at least one optical transmission system can be connected in series between the power distributor and the coupler group, and at least one optical transmission system can be connected in series between the coupler group and the multiplexer, so as to realize the indirect connection between the power distributor and the coupler group, and the indirect connection between the coupler group and the multiplexer.

[0019] In a second aspect, the present application further provides a base station, which includes a baseband unit, a radio remote unit, and the communication device as described in the first aspect, wherein the baseband unit and the radio remote unit are connected by a communication device signal. In this way, the communication device can be used to perform dispersion compensation on the light transmitted between the baseband unit and the radio remote unit to suppress pulse broadening, reduce bit error rate, and reduce power loss of optical signal transmission.

[0020] In addition, the base station may also include an active antenna processing unit, and the baseband unit and the active antenna processing unit are connected via a communication device signal. In this way, the communication device can be used to perform dispersion compensation on the light transmitted between the baseband unit and the active antenna processing unit to suppress pulse broadening, reduce bit error rate, and reduce power loss of optical signal transmission.

[0021] In a third aspect, the present application further provides a communication system, which includes the base station of the second aspect, and the base station can be used to communicate with a terminal device. The bit error rate and retransmission probability of the communication signal between the base station and the terminal device in the communication system are low, and the delay of signal transmission can be effectively reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a system architecture of a communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a base station provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 3A schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a time delay device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 5a A dispersion amplitude-frequency response curve of light before entering a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 5b A dispersion time domain impulse response curve of light entering a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 6a and Figure 6b The time domain impulse response curve corresponding to the two coupled split light lines provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 7a A dispersion amplitude-frequency response curve of light after dispersion compensation by a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 7b A dispersion time domain impulse response curve of light after dispersion compensation by a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a link simulation of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Fig. 9 Another link simulation schematic diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Fig.10 Another schematic diagram of the structure of the communication device provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Fig.11 Another schematic diagram of the structure of the communication device provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Fig.12 Another schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of the structure of a coupler group provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Fig.14 A schematic diagram of the structure of an optical module provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0038] Reference numerals:

[0039] 01-antenna system; 02-RRU; 03-BBU; 04-AAU; 05-optical transmission wire; 06-communication equipment;

[0040] 1-power distributor; 2-coupler group; 201, 201a, 201b-couplers; 3-multiplexer; 4, 4a, 4b-first line;

[0041] 401-phase shifter; 402-delay device; 5, 5a, 5b-second line; 501-delay device; 6-third line; 601-phase shifter;

[0042] 602-time delay device; 7-light transmission system; 8-housing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the example embodiments can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described herein. The same reference numerals in the figures represent the same or similar structures, and thus their repeated description will be omitted. The words expressing position and direction described in the embodiments of the present application are all illustrated by taking the accompanying drawings as examples, but changes may be made as needed, and the changes made are all included in the scope of protection of the present application. The drawings of the embodiments of the present application are only used to illustrate the relative position relationship, and they do not represent the true proportion.

[0044] It should be noted that specific details are described in the following description to facilitate understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in a variety of other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the specific implementation methods disclosed below.

[0045] In order to facilitate the understanding of the communication device provided in this application, its application scenarios are first introduced.

[0046] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the system architecture of the communication system provided in this application. Figure 1 In the system architecture shown, the communication system may include a wireless network device, and the wireless network device may be exemplarily a base station. The base station may be used to communicate with the terminal device to achieve wireless communication between the base station and the terminal device. The terminal device may be exemplarily a smart phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a laptop, a tablet computer, or a wearable device.

[0047] With the development of 5G wireless communication technology, the base station architecture has evolved from distributed radio access network (DRAN) to centralized radio access network (CRAN). Figure 2 , Figure 2 A structural diagram of a base station provided in an embodiment of the present application. Taking the application of the base station in a CRAN scenario as an example, the base station may include an antenna system 01, a remote radio unit (RRU 02) and a base-band unit (BBU 03). The antenna system 01 may be used to radiate electrical signals outward or receive external electrical signals. RRU 02 may be used to perform frequency selection, amplification and down-conversion processing on the electrical signals received by the antenna system 01, and convert them into intermediate frequency signals or baseband signals and send them to BBU 03, or RRU 02 may be used to up-convert and amplify the baseband signals or intermediate frequency signals, and then convert them into electromagnetic waves through the antenna system 01 and send them out.

[0048] In a possible base station design, the RRU 02 can also be used in conjunction with the antenna unit in the antenna system 01 to form an active antenna unit (AAU 04), thereby realizing spatial beamforming and completing the transmission and reception of radio frequency signals.

[0049] exist Figure 2 In the base station shown, the RRU 02 and the antenna system 01 may be integrated into the AAU 04, and the BBU 03 may be arranged at a remote end. In some other possible embodiments, the RRU 02 and the BBU 03 may both be arranged at a remote end of the antenna system 01. Regardless of the arrangement form adopted, the RRU 02 and the BBU 03, as well as the AAU 04 and the BBU 03, may be connected via an optical transmission conductor 05 such as an optical fiber or a waveguide, thereby realizing optical signal interconnection between the RRU 02 and the BBU 03, as well as between the AAU 04 and the BBU 03.

[0050] At present, in the CRAN scenario, the optical transmission distance between RRU 02 and BBU 03 and between BBU 03 and AAU04 can reach 10 km. During the long-distance transmission of high-speed optical fiber, it is seriously affected by dispersion, which leads to pulse broadening. Pulse broadening will cause optical signal distortion, resulting in serious power attenuation of optical signal.

[0051] In view of this, the communication device provided in the embodiment of the present application divides the light into at least two split light beams through a power divider, and there is a phase difference and a time difference between any two split light beams when they are transmitted from the power divider to the coupler group. The coupler group is used to couple the multi-path split light beams and output at least two coupled split light beams. There is a time difference between any two coupled split light beams when they are transmitted from the coupler group to the multiplexer. Finally, at least two coupled split light beams are orthogonally combined through the multiplexer. When the communication device is applied to a base station, it can be used to perform dispersion compensation on the light transmitted in the base station to suppress pulse broadening and reduce the power loss of the optical signal. The communication device provided in the embodiment of the present application will be specifically described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0052] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. In an embodiment of the present application, the communication device may include a power divider 1, a coupler group 2, and a multiplexer 3, and the power divider 1, the coupler group 2, and the multiplexer 3 are connected in sequence to form a linearly connected optical domain equalization system. Among them, light can enter the optical domain equalization system from the power divider 1, and the power divider 1 can be used to divide the light into at least two split light beams.

[0053] In the present application, the specific power ratio of the power distributor 1 to distribute the light is not limited, and it can be specifically designed according to the specific application scenario. Figure 3 In the communication device shown, the power divider 1 can be used to divide the light into two split light paths, wherein the power divider 1 can divide the light into two split light paths with equal power according to a 1:1 equal power ratio when dividing the light.

[0054] You can continue to refer to Figure 3 The power divider 1 is connected to the coupler group 2 through two first lines 4, and the two first lines 4 are arranged in parallel, so the two split light beams obtained by the power divider 1 can enter the two first lines 4 one by one.

[0055] In the communication device provided in the embodiment of the present application, during the transmission of each split light in the corresponding first line 4, there is a phase difference and a time difference between the transmissions of any two split light in the corresponding first line 4. Figure 3Taking the structure of the communication device shown as an example, when the power divider 1 is connected to the coupler group 2 through two first lines 4, for the convenience of explanation, the two first lines 4 can be defined as the first line 4a and the first line 4b respectively. In this way, the first line 4a can include a phase shifter 401 and a time delay 402 connected in series, while the first line 4b can be provided with neither a phase shifter 401 nor a time delay 402. In this way, the phase shifter 401 and the time delay 402 in the first line 4a can be adjusted to adjust the phase shift and time delay of the two split light beams transmitted in the corresponding first line 4. Such a setting method can effectively simplify the structure of the communication device to reduce the cost of the communication device.

[0056] In some possible embodiments of the present application, each first line 4 may be provided with a phase shifter and a time delay device, so that the phase shift and time delay of each split light beam transmitted in the corresponding first line 4 can be adjusted by adjusting the phase shifter and time delay device in each first line 4 respectively, which can effectively improve the flexibility of adjusting the phase shift and time delay of each split light beam transmitted in the corresponding first line 4, thereby realizing flexible adjustment of the phase difference and time difference of any two split light beams transmitted in the corresponding first line 4.

[0057] In the embodiment of the present application, the specific type of the phase shifter 401 provided in the first line 4a is not limited, and it can be exemplarily a thermal phase shifter or an electrical phase shifter. In addition, the delay device 402 provided in the first line 4a can be, for example, Figure 4 The spiral waveguide shown may also be a section of optical fiber, as long as it can increase the transmission time of light from the power divider 1 to the coupler group 2.

[0058] You can continue to refer to Figure 3 The two split light beams distributed by the power divider 1 are transmitted to the coupler group 2 through the first lines 4 corresponding to each other. The coupler group 2 can be used to perform interference coupling on the two split light beams and output two coupled split light beams. Figure 3 In the communication device shown, the coupler group 2 and the multiplexer 3 are connected via two second lines 5 , so that the two coupling split light beams mentioned above can enter the two second lines 5 one by one.

[0059] In the communication device provided in the embodiment of the present application, during the transmission of each coupled split light in the corresponding second line 5, there is a time difference between the transmission of any two coupled split light in the corresponding second line 5. In the specific implementation, for the convenience of description, the two second lines 5 can be defined as the second line 5a and the second line 5b respectively. Figure 3As shown, the second line 5a includes a time delay 501, and the second line 5b is not provided with a time delay 501, so that the time delay of the two coupled split light rays transmitted in the corresponding second line 5 can be adjusted by adjusting the time delay 501 in the second line 5a. Such a setting can effectively simplify the structure of the communication device to reduce the cost of the communication device.

[0060] It is worth mentioning that in some other possible embodiments of the present application, each second line 5 can also be provided with a delay device, so that the delay of each coupled split light in the corresponding second line 5 can be adjusted by adjusting the delay device in each second line 5 respectively, which can effectively improve the flexibility of adjusting the delay of each coupled split light in the corresponding second line 5, thereby realizing flexible adjustment of the time difference between any two coupled split light in the corresponding second line 5.

[0061] In the embodiment of the present application, the specific type of the phase shifter 501 provided in the second line 5a is not limited, and the phase shifter 501 may be a thermal phase shifter or an electrical phase shifter. Figure 4 The spiral waveguide shown may also be a section of optical fiber, as long as it can increase the transmission time of light from the coupler group 2 to the multiplexer 3. In addition, the multiplexer 3 may be, but is not limited to, a mode multiplexer or a polarization multiplexer, as long as it can perform orthogonal beam combining on multiple light paths.

[0062] After understanding the design principle of the communication device provided in the present application, the dispersion compensation effect of the communication device provided in the present application on light is analyzed.

[0063] Since the above optical domain equalization system is a linear system, it can be set at the light receiving port of the communication device, or it can be set at the light transmitting port of the communication device. Taking the optical domain equalization system set at the light receiving port of the communication device as an example, the light receiving port of the communication device can also be provided with a light detector, which can be used to restore the signal modulated on the light.

[0064] It can be understood that in the present application, the dispersion compensation effect of the communication device provided in the present application on light can be explained by comparing the dispersion of the incident light before entering the optical domain equalization system and the dispersion of the light after passing through the optical domain equalization system.

[0065] First, the incident light before entering the light domain equalization system, that is, Figure 3 The light corresponding to the 1-1 node in the figure is detected by the light detector using the square law. The amplitude-frequency response of the signal with different frequencies can be expressed as:

[0066]

[0067] Among them, ω is the frequency of signals of different frequencies, λ is the wavelength of the incident light, D is the dispersion coefficient, and L is the transmission distance.

[0068] Taking the wavelength of the incident light λ=1371nm, the dispersion coefficient D=7ps / nm / km, and the transmission distance L=15km as an example, the calculated dispersion amplitude-frequency response curve of the incident light is as follows: Figure 5a As shown by Figure 5a It can be seen that the attenuation amplitude of the dispersion amplitude-frequency response of the incident light is the largest at 27GHz. Figure 5b , Figure 5b is the time domain impulse response curve of the incident light dispersion. Figure 5b It can be seen that the pulse broadening caused by the dispersion of the incident light is relatively wide.

[0069] After the incident light enters the optical domain equalization system from the power divider 1, it can be divided into two split light paths by the power divider 1, and the two split light paths enter the first line 4a and the first line 4b one by one and then enter the coupler group 2. Then, one of the two split light paths obtained by the power divider 1 passes through the first line 4a with a phase shift of φ=0 and a time delay of τ1=10ps, and the other of the two split light paths passes through the first line 4b with zero phase shift and time delay, and the phase difference of the two split light paths in the corresponding first line 4 is φ, and the time difference is τ1.

[0070] In addition, the above two split light beams are coupled by the coupler group 2 to output two coupled split light beams, that is, Figure 3 The corresponding light at the 2-2 node, the amplitude-frequency response of the two coupled split light can be expressed as:

[0071]

[0072] Substituting the values ​​of the corresponding parameters into the above formula, the time domain impulse response of the two coupled split lines can be calculated. Figure 6a and Figure 6b The time domain impulse response curves corresponding to the two coupled split lines are shown respectively, where: Figure 6a It can be used to show the time domain impulse response curve of the coupled split light entering the second line 5a, Figure 6b It can be used to show the time domain impulse response curve of the coupled split light entering the second line 5b. By comparison, it can be seen that Figure 6a The peak of the time domain impulse response curve shown appears later than Figure 6bThe peak of the time domain impulse response curve shown in FIG. 2 appears at the time point, and there is a time difference τ2 in the transmission of the two coupled split light beams at the 2-2 node. Based on this, the delay of the delay device 501 in the second line 5b can be set to τ2, and the delay of the second line 5a is zero. Then the two coupled split light beams enter the multiplexer 3 after passing through the second line 5a and the second line 5b respectively, and the signal obtained after the orthogonal beam combination by the multiplexer 3 is Figure 3 The signal corresponding to the node 3-3 in the figure is input into the optical detector for square law detection and the amplitude-frequency response of the signal can be expressed as:

[0073] I(t)| ω =I 1 (t)| ω +I 2 (t-τ 2 )| ω

[0074] Taking τ2 = 16ps as an example, the calculated dispersion amplitude-frequency response curve of the light after passing through the optical domain equalization system is as follows: Figure 7a As shown by Figure 7a It can be seen that the dispersion amplitude-frequency response of the light after the optical domain equalization system has the largest attenuation amplitude at 40GHz. Figure 7b , Figure 7b This is the dispersion time domain impulse response curve of the light after passing through the light domain equalization system. Figure 5b and Figure 7b It can be seen that after the incident light passes through the optical domain equalization system, the pulse broadening caused by dispersion is effectively suppressed.

[0075] From the above analysis, it can be seen that the communication device provided in the embodiment of the present application can perform dispersion compensation on the incident light before the incident light enters the light detector through an optical domain equalization system arranged at the light receiving port, thereby suppressing pulse broadening, which is beneficial to reducing the power loss of optical signal transmission and reducing the bit error rate of the optical signal, so as to improve the receiving sensitivity of the communication device to the optical signal.

[0076] In the communication device provided in the embodiment of the present application, the optical domain equalization system is arranged at the light receiving port of the communication device and can be used to effectively compensate for the dispersion of the incident light entering the communication device. When the optical domain equalization system is arranged at the light transmitting port of the communication device, the dispersion compensation can be performed on the light emitted from the light transmitting port to the outside of the communication device. In specific implementation, the light modulated by the communication device can enter the optical domain equalization system through the power distributor 1, and the power distributor 1 can be used to distribute the light modulated by the communication device into at least two split light beams according to the set power ratio. The at least two split light beams enter the coupler group 2 through the corresponding first line 4 and are divided into at least two coupled split light beams. The at least two coupled split light beams enter the multiplexer 3 through the corresponding second line 5, and the light transmitting port can be used to transmit the light beam orthogonally combined by the multiplexer 3 to the outside of the communication device. It can be understood that the light emitted by the light transmitting port can be transmitted to other optical communication units through the optical signal transmission wire to realize the optical signal interconnection between the optical communication units.

[0077] In order to compare the dispersion compensation effect of the communication device on the incident light and the transmitted light when the optical domain equalization system is set at the light receiving port and the light transmitting port of the communication device, you can refer to Figure 8 and Fig. 9 .in, Figure 8 In the figure a, when the optical receiving end of the communication device is not provided with an optical domain equalization system, a level diagram of the light entering the communication device from the optical receiving port. Figure 8 In the figure b, when the optical receiving end of the communication device is provided with an optical domain equalization system, the level diagram of the light entering the communication device after passing through the optical domain equalization system from the optical receiving port. Figure 8 A and Figure 8 As can be seen in Figure b, after the incident light passes through the optical domain equalization system, its bit error rate (BER) increases from 10 -2 becomes 10 -5 This shows that the dispersion of the incident light is effectively compensated after passing through the optical domain equalization system, thereby suppressing the signal damage (increase in bit error rate) caused by the dispersion.

[0078] in addition, Figure 8 c is Figure 8 A and Figure 8 The comparison of the amplitude-frequency response curves of the light in the two cases corresponding to b, where curve c1 is Figure 8 The amplitude-frequency response curve of the light in a. Curve c1 shows the dispersion amplitude-frequency response with the largest attenuation at around 27GHz; curve c2 is Figure 8In the amplitude-frequency response curve of the light in b, curve c2 shows that the attenuation of the dispersion amplitude-frequency response is the largest at around 40GHz. It can be seen that after the incident light passes through the optical domain equalization system, the point where the attenuation of the dispersion amplitude-frequency response is the largest is compensated from 27GHz to 40GHz, and its dispersion is effectively compensated.

[0079] Fig. 9 In the figure a, a level diagram of the light modulated by the communication device is shown when the light transmitting end of the communication device is not provided with an optical domain equalization system. Fig. 9 Figure b is a level diagram of the light modulated by the communication device after being orthogonally combined by the multiplexer when the light transmitting end of the communication device is equipped with an optical domain equalization system. Fig. 9 A and Fig. 9 As can be seen in b, after the light modulated by the communication equipment passes through the optical domain equalization system, its BER is reduced by 10 -2 becomes 10 -5 This shows that the dispersion of light is effectively compensated after passing through the optical domain equalization system, thereby suppressing the signal damage (increase in bit error rate) caused by dispersion.

[0080] in addition, Fig. 9 c is Fig. 9 A and Fig. 9 The comparison of the amplitude-frequency response curves of the light in the two cases corresponding to b, where curve c3 is Fig. 9 The amplitude-frequency response curve of the light in a, curve c3 shows the dispersion amplitude-frequency response with the largest attenuation at around 27GHz; curve c4 is Fig. 9 In the amplitude-frequency response curve of the light in b, curve c4 shows that the dispersion amplitude-frequency response has the largest attenuation at around 40GHz. It can be seen that after the incident light passes through the optical domain equalization system, the point where the dispersion amplitude-frequency response has the largest attenuation is compensated from 27GHz to 40GHz, and its dispersion is effectively compensated.

[0081] In summary, it can be understood that no matter whether the optical domain equalization system is set at the light incident port or the light transmitting port of the communication device, the purpose of compensating the dispersion of the light can be achieved, thereby suppressing pulse broadening and reducing the bit error rate. In addition, since the communication device provided by the embodiment of the present application has a simple structural design for achieving dispersion compensation, and the cost of each device for achieving dispersion compensation is low, it is conducive to reducing the cost of the communication device.

[0082] Based on the above introduction to the design principle of the communication device provided by the present application for dispersion compensation of light, the communication device can also be specifically designed according to specific application scenarios. Fig.10 , Fig.10Another schematic diagram of the structure of the communication device provided in the embodiment of the present application. In the communication device, the power distributor 1 can distribute the light into at least two split light paths according to the set power distribution ratio according to the use requirements of the specific scene, and the power distributor 1 and the coupler group 2 can be connected through at least two first lines 4, so that the at least two split light paths can enter the at least two first lines 4 one by one.

[0083] It can be understood that in order to make the transmission of any two split light paths in the corresponding first line 4 have a phase difference and a time difference, a phase shifter and a time delayer can be set in part or all of the first lines 4. In a possible embodiment, the power divider 1 and the coupler group 2 can be connected through N first lines 4, and the power divider 1 distributes the light into N split light paths according to the set power distribution ratio, and the N split light paths enter the N first lines 4 one by one, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2. Based on this, each of the at least N-1 first lines 4 can include a phase shifter and a time delayer connected in series, that is, one of the at least two first lines 4 connected between the power divider 1 and the coupler group 2 can be provided with a phase shifter and a time delayer. In this way, the phase shifter and the time delayer in at least N-1 first lines 4 can be adjusted to adjust the phase shift and the time delay of any two split light paths in the corresponding first line 4.

[0084] You can continue to refer to Fig.10 The coupler group 2 and the multiplexer 3 can be connected through at least two second lines 5, and the coupler group 2 outputs at least two coupled split light beams after coupling interference on at least two split light beams, and the at least two coupled split light beams can enter the at least two second lines 5 one by one.

[0085] In order to make the transmission of any two coupled split light rays in the corresponding second lines 5 have a time difference, a time delay device may be set in part or all of the second lines 5. In a possible embodiment, the multiplexer 3 is connected to the coupler group 2 through M second lines 5. The coupler group 2 outputs M coupled split light rays after coupling interference on at least two split light rays, and the M coupled split light rays enter the M second lines 5 one by one, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 2. Based on this, each of the at least M-1 second lines 5 can include a time delay device, that is, one of the at least two second lines 5 connected between the coupler group 2 and the multiplexer 3 can be provided with no time delay device. In this way, the time delay of any two coupled split light rays in the corresponding second line 5 can be adjusted by adjusting the time delay devices in at least M-1 second lines 5.

[0086] In the above Figure 3 In the communication device shown, coupler group 2 may include only one coupler. Fig.10 In the communication device shown, the coupler group 2 may include at least two couplers 201 connected in sequence through the third line 6, and two adjacent couplers 201 of the at least two couplers 201 are connected through at least two third lines 6, then at least two intermediate coupling splitting light rays outputted by the previous coupler 201 of the two adjacent couplers 201 may enter the at least two third lines 6 one by one. In this way, the coupler 201 adjacent to the power divider 1 in the coupler group 2 may perform the first coupling interference on the at least two splitting light rays and output at least two intermediate coupling splitting light rays, and the at least two intermediate coupling splitting light rays may enter the at least two third lines 6 one by one, and then enter the next coupler 201 for interference coupling and then output at least two intermediate coupling splitting light rays, and so on, until the last coupler 201 outputs at least two coupling splitting light rays, then the at least two coupling splitting light rays outputted by the last coupler 201 may enter the at least two second lines 5 one by one.

[0087] In the present application, in two couplers 201 connected by at least two third lines 6, if there is a phase difference and a time difference in the transmission of any two intermediate coupling splitting light rays in the at least two intermediate coupling splitting light rays output by the previous coupler 201 in the corresponding third line 6, then part or all of the third lines 6 in the at least two third lines 6 connected between the two couplers 201 may be provided with a phase shifter and a time delayer. In a possible embodiment, two adjacent couplers 201 in the at least two couplers 201 of the coupler group 2 that are sequentially connected by the third line 6 may be connected by X third lines 6, where X is an integer greater than or equal to 2. Based on this, each of the at least X-1 third lines 6 may include a phase shifter and a time delayer, that is, one of the at least two third lines 6 connected between two adjacent couplers 201 may not be provided with a phase shifter and a time delayer. In this way, the phase shift and time delay of any two intermediate coupled split light rays transmitted in the corresponding third lines 6 can be adjusted by adjusting the phase shifters and time delayers in at least X-1 third lines 6 .

[0088] In the embodiment of the present application, the specific types of the phase shifter and the time delayer provided in the third line 6 are not limited. For example, Fig.10 The phase shifter 601 of the third line 6 shown in FIG. 6 may be a thermal phase shifter or an electrical phase shifter. In addition, the time delay device 602 provided in the third line 6 may also be, for example, Figure 4 The spiral waveguide shown may be a section of optical fiber, as long as it can increase the transmission time of light from the previous coupler 201 to the next coupler 201. The phase shifter and the time delayer in each third line 6 may be the same or different, which is not limited in the present application.

[0089] In addition, the couplers 201 in the coupler group 2 may be, but are not limited to, multimode coupling interferometers or directional couplers, etc., and the types of the couplers 201 may be the same or different.

[0090] In the communication device provided in the embodiment of the present application, the number N of the first lines 4 connected between the power divider 1 and the coupler group 2, the number M of the second lines 5 connected between the coupler group 2 and the multiplexer 3, and the number X of the third lines 6 connected between two adjacent couplers 201 in the coupler group 2 may be equal or unequal. For example, when N is 10, M may be 11, 10 or 8, and X may be 12, 10 or 9. In addition, when the coupler group 2 includes three or more couplers 201 connected in sequence through the third line 6, the number of the third lines 6 between any two adjacent couplers 201 may be equal or unequal, which is not limited in the present application.

[0091] It is worth mentioning that in the embodiment of the present application, the power divider 1, the coupler group 2 and the multiplexer 3 are connected in sequence, which only limits the connection order of the power divider 1, the coupler group 2 and the multiplexer 3, so as to illustrate the transmission direction of light in the communication device. When the power divider 1 and the coupler group 2, and the coupler group 2 and the multiplexer 3 are specifically connected, the power divider 1 and the coupler group 2 can be directly or indirectly connected through at least two first lines 4, and the multiplexer 3 and the coupler group 2 can be directly or indirectly connected through at least two second lines 5. Specifically, for example, Figure 3 and Fig.10 In the communication device shown in FIG. 1 , in the line connecting the power divider 1 and the coupler group 2, only at least two first lines 4 may be provided between the power divider 1 and the coupler group 2, so that the power divider 1 and the coupler group 2 are directly connected through at least two first lines 4; or, in the line connecting the power divider 1 and the coupler group 2, only at least two first lines 4 may be provided between the power divider 1 and the coupler group 2, so that the power divider 1 and the coupler group 2 are directly connected through at least two first lines 4; Fig.11 In the communication device shown in the figure, in addition to at least two first lines 4, another optical transmission system 7 may be provided between the power divider 1 and the coupler group 2. The optical transmission system 7 may be provided at any position between the power divider 1 and the coupler group 2. For example, in the example Fig.11 In the communication device shown, the optical transmission system 7 can be connected in series in any first line 4 , thereby realizing an indirect connection between the power divider 1 and the coupler group 2 .

[0092] Similarly, in the line connecting the coupler group 2 and the multiplexer 3, only at least two second lines 5 may be provided between the coupler group 2 and the multiplexer 3, so that the coupler group 2 and the multiplexer 3 are directly connected through the at least two second lines 5; or, in addition to the at least two second lines 5, other optical transmission systems 7 may be provided between the coupler group 2 and the multiplexer 3, and the optical transmission system 7 may be provided at any position between the coupler group 2 and the multiplexer 3. For example, in Fig.12 In the communication device shown, the optical transmission system 7 can be connected in series to any second line 5 , thereby realizing an indirect connection between the coupler group 2 and the multiplexer 3 .

[0093] In some other possible embodiments, a light transmission system 7 may also be simultaneously provided between the power distributor 1 and the coupler group 2 and between the coupler group 2 and the multiplexer 3. The present application does not limit the number of light transmission systems 7 between the power distributor 1 and the coupler group 2 and between the coupler group 2 and the multiplexer 3. In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, the specific structure of the light transmission system 7 is not limited. Exemplarily, the light transmission system 7 may include at least one section of light transmission wire, and it may also include an optical device connected by at least one section of light transmission wire. The light transmission system 7 may be connected to the optical domain equalization system, for example, through a coupler or other possible optical devices, which is not limited in the present application.

[0094] In addition, the coupler group 2 may also include a coupler connected to the optical domain equalization system of the communication device through other lines, and the coupler may be used to connect other optical transmission systems to the optical domain equalization system of the communication device. In the present application, the types of the couplers in the coupler group 2 may be the same or different, and in order to facilitate the distinction between the couplers used to achieve different functions in the coupler group 2, Fig.13 In the coupler group 2 shown, the coupler connected by the third line 6 is defined as a coupler 201a, and the coupler used to connect other optical signal transmission systems to the optical domain equalization system of the communication device is defined as a coupler 201b. The present application does not limit the arrangement order of the couplers 201a and the couplers 201b in the coupler group 2. For example, the coupler 201b can be set at any position between two adjacent couplers 201a, for example, at Fig.13The coupler 201b in the coupler group 2 shown can be connected in series to any third line 6 to achieve indirect connection of two couplers 201a; or two adjacent couplers 201a are directly connected through at least two third lines 6, and the coupler 201b can be set at one side of the two directly connected couplers 201a for connection with the power divider 1, or the coupler 201b can be set at one side of the two directly connected couplers 201a for connection with the multiplexer 3. In addition, the coupler 201b can also be set at any other position, which will not be listed here one by one.

[0095] The above is only some exemplary introduction to the specific setting methods of the communication equipment provided by this application. Based on the principle of dispersion compensation of light by the communication equipment and the specific application scenarios, other possible deformations of the communication equipment can also be made. They are not introduced one by one here, but they should all be understood to fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0096] It is worth mentioning that in the present application, the specific setting type of the communication device is not limited, and it can be an optical communication transceiver for receiving and transmitting light, and an exemplary one can be Fig.14 The optical module shown in FIG. 8 includes a housing 8, and the optical domain equalization system can be arranged in the housing 8 of the optical module. In addition, the communication device can also be arranged as an optical communication transceiver in other possible forms, which are not listed one by one here.

[0097] In addition, the present application does not limit the processing method of the communication equipment. For example, the power distributor, coupler group, multiplexer, first line, second line and third line of the communication equipment can be but not limited to being processed using a silicon photonics process platform, a programmable logic controller (PLC) process platform or a silicon nitride process platform, and the processing method of each device can be the same or different.

[0098] When the communication device provided in the embodiment of the present application is configured as a communication transceiver, it can be applied to Figure 2The base station shown. Among them, the BBU 03 and RRU 02 of the base station can realize signal connection through the communication device 06. In specific implementation, the BBU 03 can be connected to the communication device 06 through the optical transmission conductor 05 such as an optical fiber or a waveguide, and the RRU 02 can be connected to the communication device 06 through the optical transmission conductor 05 such as an optical fiber or a waveguide, so that the optical signal emitted by the BBU 03 can be transmitted to the RRU 02 after passing through the communication device 06. In addition, the optical signal emitted by the RRU 02 can also be transmitted to the BBU 03 after passing through the communication device 06. Since the communication device 06 provided in the embodiment of the present application can perform dispersion compensation for the transmission of light, the BBU 03 and the RRU 02 are connected by the communication device 06 signal, and the dispersion of the light transmitted between the BBU 03 and the RRU 02 can be effectively compensated, thereby suppressing the pulse broadening of the light, reducing the bit error rate of the optical signal, and reducing the power loss of the optical signal transmitted between the BBU 03 and the RRU 02.

[0099] In addition, the BBU 03 and the AAU 04 can also realize signal connection through the communication device 06. In specific implementation, the BBU 03 is connected to the communication device 06 through the optical transmission conductor 05 such as an optical fiber or a waveguide, and the AAU 04 is also connected to the communication device 06 through the optical transmission conductor 05 such as an optical fiber or a waveguide, so that the optical signal emitted by the BBU 03 can be transmitted to the AAU 04 after passing through the communication device 06, or the optical signal emitted by the AAU 04 can be transmitted to the BBU 03 after passing through the communication device 06. In this way, the dispersion of the light transmitted between the BBU 03 and the AAU 04 can be effectively compensated, thereby suppressing the pulse broadening of the light, reducing the bit error rate of the optical signal, and reducing the power loss of the optical signal transmitted between the BBU 03 and the AAU 04.

[0100] In addition to being the above-mentioned optical communication transceiver, the communication device provided in the embodiment of the present application can also be configured as a base station. The communication device can also include at least two optical communication units that are signal-connected, wherein any two optical communication units can be signal-connected via the above-mentioned optical domain equalization system to achieve dispersion compensation for light transmitted between the two optical communication units, thereby suppressing pulse broadening of the light, reducing the bit error rate of the optical signal, and reducing the power loss of the optical signal transmitted between the two optical communication units.

[0101] A base station using the communication device provided in the above embodiment of the present application is used as follows: Figure 1 The communication system shown can effectively reduce the bit error rate of the communication signal between the base station and the terminal equipment, reduce the probability of signal retransmission, and reduce the signal transmission delay.

[0102] The above are only specific implementations of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A communication device, characterized in that: It includes a power divider, a coupler group and a multiplexer connected in sequence, wherein: The power distributor is connected to the coupler group via at least two first lines; The power distributor is used to distribute the light into at least two split light paths, the at least two split light paths enter the at least two first lines one by one, and there is a phase difference and a time difference in the transmission of any two of the split light paths in the corresponding first lines; The coupler group is used to couple the at least two split light beams and output at least two coupled split light beams; The multiplexer is connected to the coupler group through at least two second lines, the at least two coupled split light rays enter the at least two second lines one by one, and there is a time difference between the transmission of any two coupled split light rays in the corresponding second lines; The multiplexer is used for orthogonally combining the at least two coupled split light beams.

2. The communication device according to claim 1, characterized in that The power divider is connected to the coupler group through N first lines, and each of at least N-1 first lines includes a phase shifter and a time delay device connected in series, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

3. The communication device according to claim 2, characterized in that The time delay device of each of the first lines is a spiral waveguide or an optical fiber with a set length; the phase shifter of each of the first lines is a thermal phase shifter or an electrical phase shifter.

4. The communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The multiplexer is connected to the coupler group via M second lines, and each of at least M-1 second lines includes a delay device, wherein M is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

5. The communication device according to claim 4, characterized in that The time delay device of each second line is a spiral waveguide or an optical fiber with a set length.

6. The communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The coupler group includes at least two couplers connected in sequence through a third line, and two adjacent couplers among the at least two couplers are connected through at least two third lines; at least two intermediate coupling split light rays output by the previous coupler of two adjacent couplers among the at least two couplers enter at least two third lines one by one, and there is a phase difference and a time difference in the transmission of any two intermediate coupling split light rays in the corresponding third lines.

7. The communication device according to claim 6, characterized in that Two adjacent couplers among the at least two couplers are connected via X third lines, and each of the at least X-1 third lines comprises a phase shifter and a time delay device connected in series, wherein X is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

8. The communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The multiplexer is a mode multiplexer or a polarization multiplexer.

9. The communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The coupler is a multimode coupling interferometer or a directional coupler.

10. The communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The communication device further includes a detector, which is used to receive the light after orthogonal beam combining by the multiplexer, and the detector is used to restore the signal modulated on the light.

11. The communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The communication device further comprises a light emitting port, and the light emitting port is used to emit the light beams orthogonally combined by the multiplexer to the outside of the communication device.

12. The communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: The communication device also includes at least one optical transmission system, each of which includes at least one section of optical transmission wire; at least one optical transmission system is connected in series between the power distributor and the coupler group, or at least one optical transmission system is connected in series between the coupler group and the multiplexer.

13. The communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: The communication device also includes at least two optical transmission systems, each of which includes at least one section of optical transmission wire; at least one optical transmission system is connected in series between the power distributor and the coupler group, and at least one optical transmission system is connected in series between the coupler group and the multiplexer.

14. A base station, characterized in that: The invention comprises a baseband unit, a radio remote unit and the communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the baseband unit and the radio remote unit are connected via a signal of the communication device.

15. The base station according to claim 14, characterized in that The base station also includes an active antenna processing unit, and the baseband unit is connected to the active antenna processing unit through the communication device signal.

16. A communication system, characterized in that: Comprising the base station as claimed in claim 14 or 15, wherein the base station is used for communication connection with a terminal device.

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