Primary treatment equipment and method for mechanical harvesting of rape

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of rapeseed treatment, and provides a preliminary treatment device and method for mechanical harvesting of oilseed rape, the preliminary treatment device comprises a device shell and a rotating rod, a fixed screen frame is fixed to the top of the device shell through bolts, a servo motor is fixedly installed in the fixed screen frame, and a rotating shaft is fixedly welded to an output shaft of the servo motor; a discharging treatment assembly is installed on the device shell, a multifunctional screening assembly is installed on the device shell, a fourth filter screen plate is fixedly connected to the interior of the device shell, a push plate is fixedly welded to a rotating shaft, a sealing plate is slidably connected to the side end of the bottom of the device shell in a penetrating mode, and a discharging pipe is connected to the bottom of the device shell. The discharging treatment assembly comprises a storage barrel. By means of the technical scheme, the problem that in the prior art, primary treatment equipment for mechanical harvesting of oilseed rapes cannot remove large-size impurities and small-size impurities separately is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rapeseed processing, and in particular to a preliminary processing device and method for mechanized rapeseed harvesting. Background Art

[0002] Rapeseed is a widely planted crop, and rapeseed is the seed of rapeseed, which is rich in vegetable oil. Rapeseed is not only the main source of vegetable oil, but also has many economic, ecological and health values. Therefore, rapeseed is one of the widely used oil crops in the world. In the process of rapeseed planting, mechanized equipment is used to harvest mature rapeseed. After the rapeseed is harvested, it is necessary to use preliminary processing equipment to perform preliminary processing and remove impurities on the rapeseed to facilitate the subsequent oil extraction processing of rapeseed.

[0003] The existing mechanized harvesting equipment is equipped with a threshing mechanism, which can automatically thresh rapeseed, but the harvest amount of rapeseed is large, so it is very easy for some threshing to be incomplete during the harvesting and threshing process. Although a rapeseed impurity removal device with a publication number of CN108993783B can quickly remove impurities during operation, it cannot further shell the incompletely threshed rapeseed; and the impurities mixed in the rapeseed are of different sizes. The existing processing device has a relatively single impurity removal method for rapeseed, and cannot remove large and small impurities separately, so it has poor practicality and low work efficiency. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a preliminary processing device and method for mechanized harvesting of rapeseed to meet the needs of users. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention proposes a preliminary processing device and method for mechanized rapeseed harvesting, which solves the problem that the preliminary processing device for mechanized rapeseed harvesting in the related art cannot further shell the rapeseed that has not been thoroughly threshed, and cannot remove large and small impurities separately.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A preliminary processing device for mechanized harvesting of rapeseed, comprising a device housing and a rotating rod, a fixed net frame is fixed by bolts on the top of the device housing, a servo motor is installed and fixed in the fixed net frame, a rotating shaft is welded and fixed on the output shaft of the servo motor, a material unloading processing component is installed on the device housing, a multifunctional screening component is installed on the device housing, a fourth filter plate is fixedly connected in the device housing, a push plate is welded and fixed on the rotating shaft, a sealing plate is slidably connected through the bottom side end of the device housing, a material unloading pipe is connected to the bottom of the device housing, the material unloading processing component comprises a storage barrel, the storage barrel is welded and fixed on the fixed net frame, a magnetic cover plate is magnetically adsorbed and connected to the top of the storage barrel, a first through groove is penetrated through the bottom of the storage barrel, a first circular gear is welded and fixed on the rotating shaft, a second circular gear is meshed and connected to the first circular gear, a turntable is welded and fixed on the second circular gear, a second through groove is penetrated through the turntable, a conveying barrel is welded and fixed in the device housing, and a third through groove is penetrated through the top of the conveying barrel.

[0007] As a preferred solution of the present invention, wherein: four storage barrels are provided, and the four storage barrels are distributed at equal angles on the fixed screen frame, and the storage barrels correspond one-to-one to the turntable and the conveying barrel respectively, and the vertical center line of the storage barrel, the vertical center line of the turntable and the vertical center line of the conveying barrel are located on the same vertical line, and the first through grooves are distributed at equal angles at the bottom of the storage barrel, and the first through grooves correspond one-to-one to the second through grooves and the third through grooves respectively.

[0008] As a preferred solution of the present invention, wherein: a first rubber plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the conveying cylinder, a driven shaft is rotatably connected to the top of the conveying cylinder, the top of the driven shaft is welded and fixed to the bottom end of the turntable, a rotating column and a stopper are welded and fixed to the driven shaft, a second rubber plate is fixedly connected to the rotating column, a fixed mesh plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the conveying cylinder, a material guide frame is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed mesh plate, and a baffle is welded and fixed to the inner wall of the material guide frame.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the present invention, wherein: the first rubber sheets are distributed at equal angles in the conveying cylinder, the second rubber sheets are distributed at equal angles on the rotating column, the bottom end surface of the rotating column and the bottom end surface of the second rubber sheet are both fitted with the top end surface of the fixed mesh plate, the fixed mesh plate is a large-aperture mesh plate, the top of the rotating column is truncated cone-shaped, the cross-section of the block and the cross-section of the baffle are both fan-shaped, the blocks are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the bottom of the driven shaft, the baffles are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the inside of the material guide frame, the bottom end surface of the block is fitted with the top end surface of the baffle, and the top end surface of the block is fitted with the bottom end surface of the fixed mesh plate.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the present invention, wherein: the multifunctional screening component includes a thermal insulation cylinder, the thermal insulation cylinder is welded and fixed in the device housing, a first filter plate is welded and fixed on the top of the thermal insulation cylinder, an electric heating tube is installed and fixed in the thermal insulation cylinder, an air duct is fixedly connected to the bottom side end of the thermal insulation cylinder, a first exhaust fan and a first bevel gear are welded and fixed on the rotating shaft, a second bevel gear is meshingly connected to the first bevel gear, and a connecting shaft is welded and fixed on the second bevel gear.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the present invention, wherein: the insulation cylinder is fixed at the central part of the inner shell of the device, four air ducts are provided, and the four air ducts are distributed at equal angles on the bottom side of the insulation cylinder, the electric heating tube is spiral-shaped, and the electric heating tube is evenly distributed in the insulation cylinder, the first exhaust fans are evenly distributed on the rotating shaft, four second bevel gears are provided, and the four second bevel gears are evenly distributed on the first bevel gear, and the first bevel gear corresponds to the connecting shaft one by one.

[0012] As a preferred scheme of the present invention, wherein: a second exhaust fan and a scraper rod are welded and fixed on the connecting shaft, a ventilation tube is welded and fixed on the device housing, the connecting shaft corresponds to the ventilation tube one-to-one, a second filter plate and a third filter plate are welded and fixed in the ventilation tube, a feed chute is opened through the bottom of the ventilation tube, a magnetic frame is fixedly connected to the bottom end face of the ventilation tube, a collection box is magnetically adsorbed and connected in the magnetic frame, the side end face of the second filter plate is flush with the inner wall of the device housing, the aperture of the second filter plate is larger than the aperture of the third filter plate, the aperture of the second filter plate is smaller than the aperture of the fourth filter plate, the scrapers are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the connecting shaft, the scrapers are in contact with the third filter plate, and the side end face of the third filter plate is flush with the side end face of the feed chute.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the bottom end surface of the push plate is in contact with the top end surface of the fourth filter plate, the push plate is arc-shaped, the sealing plate is made of magnetic material, the inner bottom end surface of the device shell is funnel-shaped, and the discharge pipe is connected to the bottom center of the device shell.

[0014] As a preferred scheme of the present invention, wherein: the rotating rod is welded and fixed to the bottom end of the rotating shaft, a telescopic sleeve rod is welded and fixed on the rotating rod, a connecting spring is welded and fixed inside the telescopic sleeve rod, a knocking block is welded and fixed to the top of the telescopic sleeve rod, a guide block is welded and fixed on the bottom end surface of the fourth filter plate, the guide blocks are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the bottom of the fourth filter plate, the telescopic sleeve rod is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the rotating rod, the telescopic sleeve rod corresponds to the knocking block one by one, the knocking block and the guide block are both semi-spherical, and the diameter of the guide block is smaller than the diameter of the knocking block.

[0015] A preliminary processing method for mechanized rapeseed harvesting comprises the following steps:

[0016] S1: The mechanized harvested rapeseed is transported to a material discharging and processing assembly, and the rapeseed is intermittently discharging and further shelling is performed through the material discharging and processing assembly under the driving action of a servo motor and a rotating shaft;

[0017] S2: During operation, the rotating shaft can synchronously drive the multifunctional screening component, through which the rapeseed is winnowed and filtered, and the removed impurities are automatically collected;

[0018] S3: The screened rapeseed is transported through a feed pipe to facilitate subsequent processing.

[0019] The working principle and beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] 1. The present invention is provided with a material unloading processing component. Under the driving action of the servo motor, the first circular gear on the rotating shaft can drive the turntables on the second circular gears to rotate simultaneously. By utilizing the cooperation of the first through groove, the second through groove and the third through groove, intermittent unloading can be automatically performed to avoid the problem of blockage or incomplete impurity removal caused by conveying a large amount of rapeseed at one time; and in the process of intermittent unloading of rapeseed, the continuous rotation of the rotating column and the squeezing and kneading of the first rubber plates and the second rubber plates can further remove the shells remaining on part of the rapeseed, thereby increasing the diversity of use of the processing device.

[0021] 2. The present invention is provided with a multifunctional screening component. During the rotation of the rotating shaft, it can drive each first row of fans to rotate stably, and through the second bevel gear on the first bevel gear, it can drive the second row of fans on each connecting shaft to rotate stably in the corresponding ventilation duct, so that the intermittently fed rapeseed can be air-selected and screened, and small impurities such as dust and broken shells mixed in the rapeseed can be automatically sucked and collected into a collection box, which is convenient for subsequent transportation and processing. At the same time, under the action of each electric heating tube, the air can be efficiently heated, and the heated air can be used to air-select and screen the rapeseed, and the rapeseed can be preliminarily dried at the same time, which further increases the diversity of use of the processing device and improves the working efficiency of the processing device.

[0022] 3. The present invention is provided with a fourth filter plate and a push plate. After the rapeseed is air-selected and screened, the fourth filter plate can be used to filter and screen it. The rapeseed can pass through the fourth filter plate for subsequent feeding, while larger impurities are blocked at the fourth filter plate, thereby completing the multi-stage filtration of the rapeseed. Moreover, with the continuous rotation of each push plate, the problem of excessive large impurities staying in a fixed position for a long time, which causes the fourth filter plate to be easily blocked, is avoided. Moreover, after the device is finished working, the filtered large impurities can be conveniently handled by pulling open the sealing plate, thereby ensuring the stability of the device in a long-term working state.

[0023] 4. The present invention is provided with a guide block and a knocking block. During the rotation of the rotating shaft, the knocking blocks on the telescopic sleeves on both sides can be driven by the rotating rod to intermittently contact the guide blocks. Under the elastic action of the connecting spring, the knocking blocks can automatically and stably perform intermittent knocking vibrations on the fourth filter plate, thereby further improving the filtration efficiency of the fourth filter plate and further avoiding blockage of the fourth filter plate, thereby effectively improving the working efficiency of the processing device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the housing and the conveying cylinder of the device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the material storage barrel and the first through groove of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the driven shaft and the stopper of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the material guide frame and the baffle of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the housing of the device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the turntable of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a top view of the structure of a first circular gear of the present invention;

[0033] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a top view of the structure of a first rubber plate of the present invention;

[0034] Fig.10This is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the thermal insulation tube of the present invention;

[0035] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the thermal insulation cylinder of the present invention when viewed from above;

[0036] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the ventilator of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the side section structure of the ventilator of the present invention;

[0038] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the push plate of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.15 The present invention Figure 6 Enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle.

[0040] In the figure: 1, device housing; 2, fixed screen frame; 3, servo motor; 4, rotating shaft; 5, material handling assembly; 501, storage barrel; 502, magnetic cover plate; 503, first through slot; 504, first circular gear; 505, second circular gear; 506, turntable; 507, second through slot; 508, conveying barrel; 509, third through slot; 510, first rubber plate; 511, driven shaft; 512, rotating column; 513, second rubber plate; 514, stopper; 515, fixed screen plate; 516, guide frame; 517, baffle; 6, multifunctional screening assembly; 601, partition Temperature cylinder; 602, first filter plate; 603, electric heating tube; 604, first exhaust fan; 605, air guide tube; 606, first bevel gear; 607, second bevel gear; 608, connecting shaft; 609, second exhaust fan; 610, scraper rod; 611, ventilator; 612, second filter plate; 613, third filter plate; 614, discharge chute; 615, magnetic frame; 616, collection box; 7, fourth filter plate; 8, guide block; 9, push plate; 10, rotating rod; 11, telescopic sleeve rod; 12, connecting spring; 13, knocking block; 14, sealing plate; 15, discharge tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] like Figure 1 to Figure 15As shown, this embodiment proposes a preliminary processing equipment for mechanized harvesting of rapeseed, including a device housing 1 and a rotating rod 10, a fixed net frame 2 is fixed by bolts on the top of the device housing 1, a servo motor 3 is installed and fixed in the fixed net frame 2, a rotating shaft 4 is welded and fixed on the output shaft of the servo motor 3, a material unloading processing component 5 is installed on the device housing 1, a multifunctional screening component 6 is installed on the device housing 1, a fourth filter screen plate 7 is fixedly connected in the device housing 1, a push plate 9 is welded and fixed on the rotating shaft 4, a sealing plate 14 is slidably connected through the bottom side end of the device housing 1, a material unloading pipe 15 is connected to the bottom of the device housing 1, and the material unloading processing component 5 includes a storage barrel 501, the storage barrel 501 is welded and fixed on the fixed net frame 2, a magnetic cover plate 502 is magnetically adsorbed and connected to the top of the storage barrel 501, a first through groove 503 is opened through the bottom of the storage barrel 501, a first circular gear 504 is welded and fixed on the rotating shaft 4, and a second circular gear 504 is meshingly connected to the first circular gear 504. A circular gear 505 is welded and fixed with a turntable 506 on the second circular gear 505, and a second through slot 507 is penetrated on the turntable 506. A conveying cylinder 508 is welded and fixed in the device housing 1, and a third through slot 509 is penetrated on the top of the conveying cylinder 508. Under the driving action of the servo motor 3, the unloading processing component 5 and the multifunctional screening component 6 can be driven simultaneously by the rotating shaft 4. The unloading processing component 5 can automatically and intermittently unload the rapeseed, so as to avoid the problem of blockage or incomplete impurity removal caused by conveying a large amount of rapeseed at one time; and the shells remaining on some rapeseeds can be further shelled; then, the intermittently unloaded rapeseed can be subjected to air selection and screening in combination with the multifunctional screening component 6, and small impurities such as dust and broken shells mixed in the rapeseed can be automatically sucked and collected, and the rapeseed can be preliminarily dried at the same time, which further increases the diversity of use of the processing device and improves the working efficiency of the processing device.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] like Figure 1 to Figure 15 As shown, based on the same concept as the above-mentioned embodiment 1, this embodiment also proposes a preliminary processing device and method for mechanized harvesting of rapeseed.

[0046] In this embodiment, four storage barrels 501 are provided, and the four storage barrels 501 are distributed at equal angles on the fixed net frame 2. The storage barrels 501 correspond to the turntable 506 and the conveying barrel 508 one by one, respectively. The vertical center line of the storage barrel 501, the vertical center line of the turntable 506 and the vertical center line of the conveying barrel 508 are located on the same vertical line. The top end surface of the turntable 506 fits with the bottom end surface of the storage barrel 501, and the bottom end surface of the turntable 506 fits with the top end surface of the conveying barrel 508. The first through grooves 503 are distributed at equal angles on the storage barrels. At the bottom of 501, the first through slots 503 correspond to the second through slots 507 and the third through slots 509 respectively, the second through slots 507 are equiangularly distributed on the turntable 506, and the third through slots 509 are equiangularly distributed on the top of the conveying cylinder 508. Under the driving action of the servo motor 3, the first circular gear 504 on the rotating shaft 4 can drive the turntables 506 on each second circular gear 505 to rotate simultaneously, and the cooperation of the first through slots 503, the second through slots 507 and the third through slots 509 can automatically perform intermittent unloading work.

[0047] In this embodiment, a first rubber plate 510 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the conveying cylinder 508, a driven shaft 511 is rotatably connected to the top of the conveying cylinder 508, the top of the driven shaft 511 is welded and fixed to the bottom end of the turntable 506, a rotating column 512 and a stopper 514 are welded and fixed to the driven shaft 511, a second rubber plate 513 is fixedly connected to the rotating column 512, a fixed mesh plate 515 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the conveying cylinder 508, a material guide frame 516 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed mesh plate 515, a baffle 517 is welded and fixed to the inner wall of the material guide frame 516, the first rubber plates 510 are distributed at equal angles in the conveying cylinder 508, the second rubber plates 513 are distributed at equal angles on the rotating column 512, the bottom end surface of the rotating column 512 and the bottom end surface of the second rubber plate 513 are both in contact with the top end surface of the fixed mesh plate 515, and the fixed mesh plate 515 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed mesh plate 515. The plate 515 is a large-aperture mesh plate, the top of the rotating column 512 is truncated, the rotating column 512 is arranged at the central part of the conveying cylinder 508, the cross-sections of the block 514 and the baffle 517 are both fan-shaped, the block 514 is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the bottom of the driven shaft 511, the driven shaft 511 is rotatably connected to the fixed mesh plate 515, the baffle 517 is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the inside of the guide frame 516, the bottom end surface of the block 514 is in contact with the top end surface of the baffle 517, and the top end surface of the block 514 is in contact with the bottom end surface of the fixed mesh plate 515. During the intermittent feeding of rapeseed, the continuous rotation of the rotating column 512 and the extrusion and kneading of the first rubber plate 510 and the second rubber plate 513 can further remove the shells remaining on some rapeseeds, thereby increasing the diversity of use of the processing device.

[0048] In this embodiment, the multifunctional screening component 6 includes a thermal insulation cylinder 601, which is welded and fixed in the device housing 1, and a first filter plate 602 is welded and fixed on the top of the thermal insulation cylinder 601. The thermal insulation cylinder 601 and the first filter plate 602 are both rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 4. An electric heating tube 603 is installed and fixed in the thermal insulation cylinder 601, and an air guide pipe 605 is fixedly connected to the bottom side end of the thermal insulation cylinder 601. A first exhaust fan 604 and a first bevel gear 606 are welded and fixed on the rotating shaft 4, and a second bevel gear 607 is meshed and connected to the first bevel gear 606, and a connecting shaft 608 is welded and fixed to the second bevel gear 607. The thermal insulation cylinder 601 is fixed in the central part of the device housing 1, and the air guide pipe 605 is provided with four , four air guide pipes 605 are distributed at equal angles on the bottom side of the insulation tube 601, the electric heating tube 603 is spiral, and the electric heating tube 603 is equidistantly distributed in the insulation tube 601, the first exhaust fan 604 is equidistantly distributed on the rotating shaft 4, the electric heating tube 603 and the first exhaust fan 604 are distributed alternately, and four second bevel gears 607 are provided, and the four second bevel gears 607 are distributed at equal angles on the first bevel gear 606, and the first bevel gear 606 corresponds to the connecting shaft 608 one by one. Under the action of each electric heating tube 603, the air can be efficiently heated, and the heated air can be used to select and screen the rapeseed, and the rapeseed can be preliminarily dried at the same time, which further increases the diversity of use of the processing device.

[0049] In this embodiment, a second exhaust fan 609 and a scraper rod 610 are welded and fixed on the connecting shaft 608, a ventilation tube 611 is welded and fixed on the device housing 1, the connecting shaft 608 corresponds to the ventilation tube 611 one by one, a second filter plate 612 and a third filter plate 613 are welded and fixed in the ventilation tube 611, the connecting shaft 608 and the second filter plate 612 and the third filter plate 613 are all rotatably connected, a feed chute 614 is opened through the bottom of the ventilation tube 611, a magnetic frame 615 is fixedly connected to the bottom end surface of the ventilation tube 611, a collection box 616 is magnetically adsorbed and connected in the magnetic frame 615, the side end surface of the second filter plate 612 is flush with the inner wall of the device housing 1, the aperture of the second filter plate 612 is larger than the aperture of the third filter plate 613, and the aperture of the second filter plate 612 is smaller than the aperture of the fourth filter plate The aperture of the mesh plate 7 and the scraper rod 610 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the connecting shaft 608. The scraper rod 610 is fitted with the third filter plate 613. The side end surface of the third filter plate 613 is flush with the side end surface of the discharge chute 614. The top end surface of the collecting box 616 is fitted with the bottom end surface of the ventilation duct 611. During the rotation of the rotating shaft 4, it can drive each first exhaust fan 604 to rotate stably, and through the second bevel gear 607 on the first bevel gear 606, it can drive the second exhaust fan 609 on each connecting shaft 608 to rotate stably in the corresponding ventilation duct 611, so as to carry out air selection and screening of the intermittently discharged rapeseed, and can automatically absorb and collect small impurities such as dust and broken shells mixed in the rapeseed into the collecting box 616, so as to facilitate subsequent transportation and processing.

[0050] In this embodiment, the bottom end surface of the push plate 9 is fitted with the top end surface of the fourth filter plate 7, the push plate 9 is arc-shaped, the sealing plate 14 is made of magnetic material, the inner bottom end surface of the device housing 1 is funnel-shaped, the discharge pipe 15 is connected to the bottom center of the device housing 1, and the rotating shaft 4 is rotatably connected to the fourth filter plate 7. After the rapeseed is screened by air selection, the fourth filter plate 7 can be used to filter and screen it. The rapeseed can pass through the fourth filter plate 7 for subsequent discharge, while larger impurities are blocked at the fourth filter plate 7, completing the multi-stage filtration of the rapeseed, and under the continuous rotation of each push plate 9, it is avoided that too many large impurities stay in a fixed position for a long time, causing the fourth filter plate 7 to be easily blocked.

[0051] In this embodiment, the rotating rod 10 is welded and fixed to the bottom end of the rotating shaft 4, and a telescopic sleeve rod 11 is welded and fixed on the rotating rod 10, and a connecting spring 12 is welded and fixed inside the telescopic sleeve rod 11, and a knocking block 13 is welded and fixed at the top of the telescopic sleeve rod 11. A guide block 8 is welded and fixed on the bottom end surface of the fourth filter plate 7, and the guide blocks 8 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the bottom of the fourth filter plate 7. The telescopic sleeve rod 11 is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the rotating rod 10, and the telescopic sleeve rod 11 corresponds to the knocking block 13 one by one. The knocking block 13 and the guide block 8 are both semi-spherical, and the diameter of the guide block 8 is smaller than the diameter of the knocking block 13. During the rotation of the rotating shaft 4, the knocking blocks 13 on the telescopic sleeve rods 11 on both sides can be driven by the rotating rod 10 to intermittently contact the guide block 8. Under the elastic action of the connecting spring 12, the knocking block 13 can automatically and stably perform intermittent knocking vibration on the fourth filter plate 7, thereby further improving the filtering efficiency of the fourth filter plate 7 and further avoiding clogging of the fourth filter plate 7.

[0052] It should be noted that the present invention is a preliminary processing device and method for mechanized harvesting of rapeseed. First, the staff can lift the magnetic cover plate 502 on each storage barrel 501, and then the staff can transport the rapeseed that has been mechanized harvested and needs preliminary processing to each storage barrel 501. At this time, under the driving action of the servo motor 3, the rotating shaft 4 can be driven to rotate stably. At this time, the rotating shaft 4 can drive each meshing second circular gear 505 to rotate stably through the first circular gear 504, and then can drive The corresponding turntable 506 rotates, and at this time, the second through grooves 507 on the turntable 506 can be intermittently aligned with the first through grooves 503 at the bottom of the storage barrel 501 and the third through grooves 509 at the top of the conveying barrel 508. When the second through grooves 507 are aligned with the first through grooves 503 and the third through grooves 509, the rapeseed in the storage barrel 501 can be automatically conveyed to the conveying barrel 508. When the first through grooves 503, the second through grooves 507 and the third through grooves 509 are staggered, the conveying can be stopped, and then the intermittent unloading work can be automatically carried out.

[0053] The intermittently unloaded rapeseed can be stably transported to the conveying cylinder 508, and during the rotation of each turntable 506, the driven shaft 511 can drive each rotating column 512 to stably rotate inside the corresponding conveying cylinder 508. At this time, under the rotation of the rotating column 512, each second rubber plate 513 can be driven to rub against each first rubber plate 510 in the conveying cylinder 508. At this time, by utilizing the continuous rotation of the rotating column 512, through the squeezing and kneading of each first rubber plate 510 and each second rubber plate 513, the shells remaining on some rapeseeds can be further shelled, and then the rapeseed together with various impurities can be transported to the guide frame 516 through the fixed mesh plate 515. At the same time, during the rotation of the driven shaft 511, the block blocks 514 on both sides can be driven to rotate synchronously above the baffle 517. By utilizing the intermittent overlap and intermittent misalignment of the block blocks 514 and the baffle 517, the rapeseed together with various impurities can complete the intermittent unloading work through the gap between the baffles 517 on both sides.

[0054] During the rotation of the rotating shaft 4, it can drive each first exhaust fan 604 to rotate stably in the insulation tube 601, and then can suck the external air through the insulation tube 601, and can filter the external air through the first filter plate 602 to prevent external dust and impurities from entering the interior of the device. The sucked air is then heated by each electric heating tube 603 and then discharged through each air duct 605. At the same time, during the rotation of the rotating shaft 4, it can drive each second bevel gear 607 to rotate stably through the first bevel gear 606, and then can drive each second exhaust fan 609 on the connecting shaft 608 to rotate stably in the corresponding ventilation tube 611 and suck the air. At this time, under the action of air circulation , and can directly carry out wind selection and screening processing on the intermittently fed rapeseed. Small impurities such as dust and broken shells mixed in the rapeseed can pass through the second filter plate 612 in the ventilation tube 611 and be blocked and filtered by the third filter plate 613. The second filter plate 612 can block the rapeseed to prevent the rapeseed from being sucked and collected. In the process of rotation of the connecting shaft 608, the impurities filtered on the third filter plate 613 can be moved to the discharge chute 614 by the scraper 610, and the impurities can be transported to the collection box 616 through the discharge chute 614 for automatic collection. After the device is finished working, the magnetism of the magnetic frame 615 can be used to conveniently and stably disassemble and magnetically install the collection box 616, so as to ensure the convenience of subsequent transportation and processing of impurities.

[0055] After being winnowed and screened, the rapeseed can fall to the fourth filter plate 7, at which time the fourth filter plate 7 can be used to filter and screen it. The rapeseed can pass through the fourth filter plate 7 for subsequent unloading and be stably unloaded through the unloading pipe 15. A box or conveyor belt equipment can be used in conjunction with the rapeseed to transport the rapeseed, while larger impurities are blocked at the fourth filter plate 7, completing the multi-stage filtration of the rapeseed, and under the rotation of the rotating shaft 4, each push plate 9 can be driven to rotate stably, avoiding the problem that too many large impurities stay in a fixed position for a long time, causing the fourth filter plate 7 to be easily blocked, and after the device is finished working, the sealing plate 14 can be pulled open. At this time, under the continuous rotation of each push plate 9, the filtered impurities can be moved synchronously, and under the action of centrifugal force, the impurities can automatically move to the side and be automatically unloaded through the slide groove at the sealing plate 14, completing the automatic cleaning of the fourth filter plate 7.

[0056] And during the rotation of the rotating shaft 4, the rotating rod 10 can drive the knocking blocks 13 on the telescopic sleeve rods 11 on both sides to intermittently contact the guide blocks 8. When the guide blocks 8 contact the knocking blocks 13, the guide blocks 8 can push the telescopic sleeve rods 11 to retract through the knocking blocks 13. Then, after the knocking blocks 13 move away from the guide blocks 8, the elasticity of the connecting springs 12 can be used to automatically extend and reset, and so on. Through the intermittent contact between the knocking blocks 13 and the guide blocks 8, combined with the elasticity of the connecting springs 12, the knocking blocks 13 can be used to automatically and stably perform intermittent knocking vibrations on the fourth filter plate 7, thereby further improving the filtration efficiency of the fourth filter plate 7 and further avoiding blockage of the fourth filter plate 7.

[0057] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A preliminary processing device for mechanized rapeseed harvesting, characterized in that: The invention comprises a device housing (1) and a rotating rod (10), wherein a fixed mesh frame (2) is fixedly fixedly disposed on the top of the device housing (1) by bolts, a servo motor (3) is fixedly mounted inside the fixed mesh frame (2), a rotating shaft (4) is welded and fixedly disposed on the output shaft of the servo motor (3), a material discharge processing assembly (5) is mounted on the device housing (1), a multifunctional screening assembly (6) is mounted on the device housing (1), a fourth filter screen plate (7) is fixedly connected inside the device housing (1), a push plate (9) is welded and fixedly disposed on the rotating shaft (4), a sealing plate (14) is slidably connected to the side end of the bottom of the device housing (1), a material discharge pipe (15) is connected to the bottom of the device housing (1), and the material discharge processing assembly (5) comprises a material storage The material storage barrel (501) is welded and fixed on the fixed net frame (2); the top of the material storage barrel (501) is magnetically adsorbed and connected to a magnetic cover plate (502); the bottom of the material storage barrel (501) is provided with a first through slot (503); a first circular gear (504) is welded and fixed on the rotating shaft (4); a second circular gear (505) is meshed and connected to the first circular gear (504); a turntable (506) is welded and fixed on the second circular gear (505); a second through slot (507) is provided on the turntable (506); a conveying barrel (508) is welded and fixed in the device housing (1); a third through slot (509) is provided on the top of the conveying barrel (508).

2. The preliminary processing equipment for mechanized rapeseed harvesting according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are four material storage barrels (501), which are distributed at equal angles on the fixed net frame (2). The material storage barrels (501) correspond to the rotating disk (506) and the conveying barrel (508) one by one, respectively. The vertical center line of the material storage barrel (501), the vertical center line of the rotating disk (506) and the vertical center line of the conveying barrel (508) are located on the same vertical line. The first through grooves (503) are distributed at equal angles on the bottom of the material storage barrel (501), and the first through grooves (503) correspond to the second through grooves (507) and the third through grooves (509) one by one.

3. The preliminary processing equipment for mechanized rapeseed harvesting according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first rubber plate (510) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the conveying cylinder (508); a driven shaft (511) is rotatably connected to the top of the conveying cylinder (508); the top of the driven shaft (511) is welded and fixed to the bottom end of the turntable (506); a rotating column (512) and a stopper (514) are welded and fixed to the driven shaft (511); a second rubber plate (513) is fixedly connected to the rotating column (512); a fixed mesh plate (515) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the conveying cylinder (508); a material guide frame (516) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed mesh plate (515); a baffle plate (517) is welded and fixed to the inner wall of the material guide frame (516).

4. The preliminary processing equipment for mechanized rapeseed harvesting according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first rubber plates (510) are distributed at equal angles in the conveying cylinder (508), and the second rubber plates (513) are distributed at equal angles on the rotating column (512). The bottom end surface of the rotating column (512) and the bottom end surface of the second rubber plate (513) are both in contact with the top end surface of the fixed mesh plate (515). The fixed mesh plate (515) is a large-aperture mesh plate. The top of the rotating column (512) is truncated cone-shaped. The cross-sections of the block (514) and the baffle (517) are both fan-shaped. The block (514) is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the bottom of the driven shaft (511), and the baffle (517) is symmetrically distributed on both sides inside the material guide frame (516). The bottom end surface of the block (514) is in contact with the top end surface of the baffle (517), and the top end surface of the block (514) is in contact with the bottom end surface of the fixed mesh plate (515).

5. The preliminary processing equipment for mechanized rapeseed harvesting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multifunctional screening component (6) comprises a thermal insulation cylinder (601), the thermal insulation cylinder (601) is welded and fixed in the device housing (1), a first filter plate (602) is welded and fixed on the top of the thermal insulation cylinder (601), an electric heating tube (603) is installed and fixed in the thermal insulation cylinder (601), an air guide tube (605) is fixedly connected to the bottom side end of the thermal insulation cylinder (601), a first exhaust fan (604) and a first bevel gear (606) are welded and fixed on the rotating shaft (4), a second bevel gear (607) is meshingly connected to the first bevel gear (606), and a connecting shaft (608) is welded and fixed on the second bevel gear (607).

6. The preliminary processing equipment for mechanized rapeseed harvesting according to claim 5, characterized in that: The thermal insulation tube (601) is fixed at the central part of the device housing (1), four air guide tubes (605) are provided, and the four air guide tubes (605) are distributed at equal angles on the bottom side of the thermal insulation tube (601), the electric heating tube (603) is spiral-shaped, and the electric heating tube (603) is evenly distributed in the thermal insulation tube (601), the first exhaust fan (604) is evenly distributed on the rotating shaft (4), and four second bevel gears (607) are provided, and the four second bevel gears (607) are evenly distributed on the first bevel gear (606), and the first bevel gear (606) corresponds one to one with the connecting shaft (608).

7. The preliminary processing equipment for mechanized rapeseed harvesting according to claim 6, characterized in that: A second exhaust fan (609) and a scraper rod (610) are welded and fixed on the connecting shaft (608), a ventilator (611) is welded and fixed on the device housing (1), the connecting shaft (608) corresponds to the ventilator (611) one by one, a second filter plate (612) and a third filter plate (613) are welded and fixed in the ventilator (611), a feed chute (614) is provided through the bottom of the ventilator (611), a magnetic frame (615) is fixedly connected to the bottom end surface of the ventilator (611), and a magnetic frame (615) is provided inside the magnetic frame (615). A collecting box (616) is connected by magnetic adsorption, the side end surface of the second filter plate (612) is flush with the inner wall of the device housing (1), the aperture of the second filter plate (612) is larger than the aperture of the third filter plate (613), the aperture of the second filter plate (612) is smaller than the aperture of the fourth filter plate (7), the scraper rod (610) is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the connecting shaft (608), the scraper rod (610) is in contact with the third filter plate (613), and the side end surface of the third filter plate (613) is flush with the side end surface of the discharge chute (614).

8. The preliminary processing equipment for mechanized rapeseed harvesting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end surface of the push plate (9) is in contact with the top end surface of the fourth filter plate (7); the push plate (9) is in an arc shape; the sealing plate (14) is made of a magnetic material; the inner bottom end surface of the device housing (1) is in a funnel shape; and the discharge pipe (15) is connected to the bottom center of the device housing (1).

9. The preliminary processing equipment for mechanized rapeseed harvesting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating rod (10) is welded and fixed to the bottom end of the rotating shaft (4); a telescopic sleeve rod (11) is welded and fixed to the rotating rod (10); a connecting spring (12) is welded and fixed inside the telescopic sleeve rod (11); a knocking block (13) is welded and fixed to the top end of the telescopic sleeve rod (11); a guide block (8) is welded and fixed to the bottom end surface of the fourth filter plate (7); the guide blocks (8) are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the bottom of the fourth filter plate (7); the telescopic sleeve rod (11) is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the rotating rod (10); the telescopic sleeve rod (11) corresponds to the knocking block (13) one by one; the knocking block (13) and the guide block (8) are both semi-spherical; and the diameter of the guide block (8) is smaller than the diameter of the knocking block (13).

10. A method for preliminary treatment of mechanized rapeseed harvest, using the preliminary treatment device for mechanized rapeseed harvest as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: The mechanized harvested rapeseed is transported to a feeding processing assembly (5), and the rapeseed is intermittently fed and further shelled through the feeding processing assembly (5) under the driving action of a servo motor (3) and a rotating shaft (4); S2: During operation, the rotating shaft (4) can synchronously drive the multifunctional screening component (6), and the rapeseed is winnowed and filtered by the multifunctional screening component (6), and the removed impurities are automatically collected; S3: The screened rapeseed is transported through the feeding pipe (15) to facilitate subsequent processing.

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