Automatic cocoon cutting machine for silkworm cocoons

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic silkworm cocoon cutting machine and belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery. Comprising a rack / conveying device, a sorting device, a cocoon cutting device, a discharging hopper and a pupa-shell screening device, the sorting device is installed at the input end above the conveying device, a feeding port is formed in the top of the sorting device, a plurality of cocoon sorting grooves for containing cocoons are formed in the surface of a sorting conveying belt, and the cocoon sorting grooves correspond to cocoon carrying hole grooves in a cocoon carrying hole plate of the conveying device respectively. The cocoon cutting device is arranged in the middle of the upper portion of the conveying device, the cocoon cutting differential belt is arranged below the cocoon carrying hole plate in the conveying device, makes contact with the silkworm cocoons in the cocoon carrying hole groove and moves in the opposite direction of the cocoon carrying hole plate to drive the silkworm cocoons to rotate, and the cocoon cutting knives correspond to the middles of the cocoon carrying hole groove respectively to complete cutting of the peripheries of the silkworm cocoons. The discharging hopper is installed below the output end of the conveying device, the pupa-shell screening device is located below the discharging hopper and receives and screens materials, the lower-layer output end of the pupa-shell screening device is provided with a tussah pupa outlet, and the upper-layer output end of the pupa-shell screening device is provided with a silkworm cocoon shell outlet. The method is high in yield, high in speed and low in cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular relates to an automatic cocoon cutting machine for silkworm cocoons. Background Art

[0002] Tussah silkworms are traditional economic insects in my country, widely distributed in Liaoning, Shandong, Henan and other places. Traditionally, silkworms are raised for reeling silk, but due to the high protein content, balanced nutrition and abundant resources of tussah silkworm pupae, the tussah silkworm industry has a new development model, namely insect food. The traditional way to obtain tussah silkworm pupae requires manual use of a blade to peel open the cocoon shell and then take out the pupa inside. In order to avoid damage to the pupae in the cocoon shell, manual operation is usually required one by one, which is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, inefficient, but also easy to cut hands during the operation, which seriously restricts the development of the tussah silkworm industry.

[0003] Currently, existing technologies mainly include manually operated shelling tools, which are simple and easy to use, but inefficient and labor-intensive. Some preliminary attempts at semi-automatic or fully automatic equipment, although they have improved the shelling speed, still have limitations in terms of accuracy, stability, and adaptability to cocoons of different sizes. Most of these devices use clamps to clamp the cocoons individually. If large-scale processing is to be achieved, a large number of clamps need to be manufactured, resulting in high costs and difficult maintenance. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above existing technical problems, in order to solve the problems of time-consuming, labor-intensive, low efficiency, easy injury caused by traditional manual cocoon cutting and pupation, as well as the poor accuracy, low stability and high cost of existing cocoon cutting equipment, the present invention provides an automatic cocoon cutting machine, which overcomes the problems of low output, slow speed and high cost existing in manual and semi-automatic machines and equipment.

[0005] The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention discloses an automatic cocoon cutting machine for silkworm cocoons, comprising a frame and a conveying device, a sorting device, a cocoon cutting device, a material discharging hopper and a pupa-shell screening device arranged on the frame, wherein the sorting device is arranged at an input end above the conveying device, a material feeding port is arranged at the top of the sorting device, a cocoon discharging port is arranged near the front lower part of the conveying device, a sorting conveyor belt is arranged in a sorting box body of the sorting device, a plurality of sorting cocoon slots for accommodating silkworm cocoons are arranged on the surface of the sorting conveyor belt, and the sorting cocoon slots correspond to the cocoon carrying hole slots on the cocoon carrying hole plate of the conveying device respectively, and the cocoon cutting device is arranged above the conveying device In the middle position, the cocoon cutting differential belt of the cocoon cutting device is placed below the cocoon loading hole plate in the conveying device, contacts the silkworm cocoons in the cocoon loading hole groove, and moves in the opposite direction to the cocoon loading hole groove, driving the silkworm cocoons to rotate in the cocoon loading hole groove, and the cocoon cutting knives of the cocoon cutting device correspond to the middle of the cocoon loading hole groove respectively to complete the cutting of the outer periphery of the silkworm cocoon; the discharging hopper is installed below the output end of the conveying device, and the pupa-shell screening device is located below the discharging hopper to receive and screen the materials, and the pupa-shell screening device is provided with an tussah pupa outlet at the lower output end and a silkworm cocoon shell outlet at the upper output end.

[0007] Furthermore, the sorting box of the sorting device is rectangular as a whole, the feed inlet opened on the top is an inverted trapezoid, the cocoon outlet opened on the front lower part is placed above the cocoon carrying hole plate of the conveying device, the sorting box includes the sorting conveyor belt, two sorting conveyor belt rollers and a cocoon pressing roller, the sorting conveyor belt is sleeved on the outer periphery of the two sorting conveyor belt rollers, wherein the active sorting conveyor belt roller is connected to the sorting motor arranged on the outer side of the sorting box, there are two cocoon pressing rollers, which are respectively installed above the sorting conveyor belt, the second cocoon pressing roller placed at the rear of the work is in contact with the sorting conveyor belt, and the distance between the first cocoon pressing roller placed at the front of the work and the sorting conveyor belt is less than the maximum outer diameter of the cocoon; the same end of the first cocoon pressing roller and the second cocoon pressing roller are respectively installed with gears that mesh with each other, and the two rotate in opposite directions, and the gap between the first cocoon pressing roller and the second cocoon pressing roller is less than the minimum outer diameter of the cocoon.

[0008] Furthermore, a sorting differential belt is provided below the sorting conveyor belt in the sorting box body, the sorting differential belt is sleeved on two sorting differential belt rollers, the sorting differential belt rollers are installed on the sorting box body, a small pulley is provided on the sorting differential belt roller located below the active sorting conveyor belt roller, and a large pulley installed on the active sorting conveyor belt roller is connected through a transmission belt, the sorting differential belt is in contact with the sorting conveyor belt, the movement speeds are different, and the sorting differential belt in the contact part moves in the opposite direction to the sorting conveyor belt.

[0009] Furthermore, the sorting cocoon slots arranged on the surface of the sorting conveyor belt are provided with multiple rows of partitions on the surface of the conveyor belt, and multiple baffles are arranged between two adjacent rows of partitions to form multiple rectangular sorting cocoon slots to accommodate the cocoons.

[0010] Furthermore, the feed opening of the sorting box is provided with a plurality of inverted trapezoidal feed baffles at intervals, so as to form a plurality of feed slots corresponding to the sorting cocoon slots on the surface of the sorting conveyor belt.

[0011] Furthermore, the conveying device is installed to include two side guard plates, a chain transmission mechanism, a cocoon-carrying hole plate, a conveying motor, a brush I, a brush II and a cocoon-blocking plate. The chain transmission mechanism is composed of two groups of symmetrically arranged transmission chains with sprockets, and its active sprocket shaft is connected to the conveying motor installed on the frame, and the chain is driven to rotate by the conveying motor. The cocoon-carrying hole plate is installed on the two groups of transmission chains, and a plurality of cocoon-imitating elliptical cocoon-carrying hole grooves are opened on the surface, and holes are opened at the bottom of the cocoon-carrying hole grooves so that the built-in cocoons are in contact with the cocoon-cutting differential belt; the two side guard plates are installed on the outside of the two groups of chains on the frame, and the cocoon-blocking plate is installed above the two side guard plates and is located between the sorting device and the cocoon-cutting device. The brush I is installed on the driven sprocket shaft in the two transmission chains, and contacts the bottom of the cocoon-carrying hole plate on the upper side of the transmission chain to brush away residues; the brush II is installed on the frame through its roller, close to the top of the discharge end of the discharging hopper, and the brush II on it contacts the bottom of the cocoon-carrying hole plate on the lower side of the transmission chain.

[0012] Furthermore, the cocoon cutting device includes a support seat, a knife holder rod, a cocoon cutting knife and a cocoon cutting differential belt. The two support seats are symmetrically installed on the guard plates on both sides of the conveying device, and the two knife holder rods are symmetrically installed on the two support seats. The cocoon cutting knives are evenly installed below the knife holder rods, corresponding to the elliptical cocoon loading hole grooves on the cocoon loading hole plate, respectively. The cocoon cutting differential belt is installed below the cocoon cutting device in the two side plates of the conveying device. The active transmission roller sleeved in the cocoon cutting differential belt is connected to the cocoon cutting differential motor installed on the frame, driving the cocoon cutting differential belt to move in the opposite direction to the cocoon loading hole plate, and contacting and transmitting with the cocoons in the cocoon loading hole plate, so that the cocoons rotate in the cocoon loading hole groove.

[0013] Furthermore, the cocoon cutting knife includes a tool support plate, a front connecting rod, a rear connecting rod, a blade clamp, a cocoon cutting blade and a spring push rod. The tool support plate is installed below the tool holder rod, and two blade clamps are arranged below the tool support plate. The front connecting rod and the rear connecting rod are connected between the tool support plate and the two blade clamps. Three fixed hinge supports are provided below the tool support plate, which are respectively located at the two ends and the middle part. The upper parts of the front and rear connecting rods are hinged to the fixed hinge supports at the two ends of the tool support plate, and the lower parts are hinged to the blade clamps. The cocoon cutting blade is installed between the two blade clamps, and the spring push rod is connected between the tool support plate and the front connecting rod. The spring push rod includes a spring rod, a spring clip and a spring. The upper part of the spring rod with the spring is connected to the fixed hinge support in the middle of the tool support plate. A notch is opened in the middle part of the spring rod to place the spring clip. The spring clip contacts the front connecting rod and the spring respectively, and the lower part of the spring rod is inserted into the strip hole opened on the front connecting rod.

[0014] Furthermore, the blade clamp has an L-shaped bending structure, and the working front end of the blade clamp is bent upward with a bending angle of 20° to the horizontal plane. The cocoon cutting blade extends out of the bottom of the blade clamp, and the extending height is the depth of the cocoon cutting blade cutting the cocoon. The L-shaped bending plate is used to press on both sides of the cocoon.

[0015] Furthermore, the pupa-shell screening device includes a vibration motor, a vibration screen plate, a vibration spring and a vibration frame, wherein the vibration frame is placed in the frame, and the bottom of the vibration screen plate is installed on the vibration frame through four vibration springs, including an upper and lower screen plate, the upper screen plate is provided with a pupa falling hole, a cocoon shell outlet is arranged at the output end of the upper screen plate, and the cocoon shells after the cocoons are cut are output, and a tussah pupa outlet is arranged at the output end of the lower screen plate, and the tussah pupae with the cocoon shells removed are output, and the vibration motor is installed behind the working of the vibration screen plate, and the vibration screen plate is driven by the operation of the vibration motor to vibrate and screen.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] The present invention separates the cocoons that stick to each other through the action of the feed inlet baffle of the sorting device and the sorting conveyor belt, and each cocoon enters a groove of the sorting conveyor belt separately, which is beneficial to the subsequent cocoon cutting operation; the cutting stability of the cutting tool for cocoons of different sizes and shapes can be improved by utilizing the blade clamping plate and the spring push rod of the cocoon cutting device, thereby avoiding the limitations of the traditional cocoon cutting machine; the cutting depth of the cocoon cutting blade can be adjusted through the blade clamping plate, and the cutting depth of the cocoon cutting blade is controlled to a safe distance that only cuts the cocoon shell but does not touch the pupa, thereby avoiding damage to the pupa during the cocoon shell cutting process; the cocoon carrying hole plate The action of the cocoon-cutting differential belt can place the relative maximum diameter of the cocoons in the conveying device in the middle of each cocoon-carrying hole slot, so that the cocoon-cutting device can cut the cocoon shell along the relative maximum diameter of the cocoon, ensuring the subsequent separation of the cocoon shell and the silkworm pupa, avoiding the need to cut the cocoon shell for the second time to take out the pupa due to the cocoon shell incision being too small; by installing the cocoon-carrying hole plate on the ear plate chain, a large number of cocoon-cutting operations can be realized, while ensuring the output, the stability of cutting the cocoon shell is improved; by the pupa-shell screening device, the cocoon shell and the pupa are prevented from mixing, eliminating the tedious process of manually selecting the cocoon shell and the pupa again; the production efficiency is improved, the labor cost is reduced, the structure is simple, and the maintenance cost is low.

[0018] The machine has the advantages of simple structure, high automation, safe and reliable use and large output. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional diagram from another direction of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3It is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a sorting device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 5 For this application Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the internal three-dimensional structure;

[0024] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the internal plane structure;

[0025] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the movement principle of the sorting conveyor belt and the sorting differential belt.

[0026] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of a conveying device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the partial structure of the cocoon-carrying hole plate provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Fig.10 for Fig. 9 Schematic cross-section of .

[0029] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the structure of a cocoon peeling device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of the structure of a cocoon peeling tool provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of a cocoon peeling tool structure provided in an embodiment of the present application from another direction;

[0032] Fig.14 A schematic diagram of the structure of the pupa-shell screening device provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0033] In the figure: 1-frame;

[0034] 2-sorting device, 21-sorting box, 211-feeding port, 212-feeding baffle, 22-sorting conveyor belt, 221-sorting cocoon slot, 222-partition, 223-baffle, 23-sorting conveyor belt roller, 24-first cocoon pressing roller, 25-second cocoon pressing roller, 26-sorting differential belt, 27-sorting differential belt roller, 28-sorting motor, 29-transmission belt, 291-large pulley, 292-small pulley, 293-transmission belt;

[0035] 3-conveying device, 31-guard plate, 32-chain, 33-sprocket, 34-sprocket shaft, 35-cocoon-carrying hole plate, 351-cocoon-carrying hole groove, 352-hole, 36-brush I, 37-cocoon-blocking plate, 38-conveying motor; 39-brush II, 310-chain drive I;

[0036] 4-cocoon cutting device, 41-support seat, 42-knife holder rod, 43-cocoon cutting knife, 431-knife support plate, 432-front connecting rod, 433-rear connecting rod, 434-blade clamp, 435-cocoon cutting blade, 436-spring rod, 437-spring clip, 438-spring, 44-cocoon cutting differential belt, 45-cocoon cutting differential belt roller, 46-cocoon cutting differential motor, 47-chain drive II;

[0037] 5-discharging hopper;

[0038] 6-pupa-shell screening device, 61-vibration motor, 62-vibration screen plate, 621-upper screen plate, 622-lower screen plate, 623-silkworm cocoon shell outlet, 624-tussah pupa outlet, 63-vibration spring, 64-vibration frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0040] Example: Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, an automatic cocoon cutting machine of the present invention comprises a frame 1 and a conveying device 3, a sorting device 2, a cocoon cutting device 4, a discharge hopper 5 and a pupa-shell screening device 6 arranged on the frame 1, wherein the sorting device 2 is installed at the input end above the conveying device 3, a feed inlet 211 is opened on the top of the sorting device 2, and a cocoon outlet is opened near the front lower part of the conveying device 3, a sorting conveyor belt 22 is arranged in the sorting box body 21 of the sorting device 2, and a plurality of sorting cocoon slots 221 for accommodating silk cocoons are arranged on the surface of the sorting conveyor belt 22, which correspond to the cocoon carrying hole slots 351 on the cocoon carrying hole plate 35 of the conveying device 3 respectively, and the cocoon cutting device 4 is arranged on the conveying device 3. In the upper middle position, the cocoon cutting differential belt 44 of the cocoon cutting device 4 is placed below the cocoon loading hole plate 35 in the conveying device 3, contacts the cocoons in the cocoon loading hole groove 351, and moves in the opposite direction to the cocoon loading hole groove 35, driving the cocoons to rotate in the cocoon loading hole groove 351, and the cocoon cutting knife 43 of the cocoon cutting device 4 corresponds to the middle of the cocoon loading hole groove 351 respectively, completing the cutting of the outer periphery of the cocoon; the discharging hopper 5 is installed below the output end of the conveying device 3, and the pupa-shell screening device 6 is located below the discharging hopper 5 to receive and screen the materials. The pupa-shell screening device 6 is provided with an tussah pupa outlet 624 at the lower output end and a cocoon shell outlet 623 at the upper output end.

[0041] When in use, the cocoons enter the sorting cocoon slot 221 of the sorting conveyor belt 22 through the feed port 211 of the sorting box 21 of the sorting device 2, and are transported to the cocoon carrying slot 351 on the cocoon carrying hole plate 35 of the conveying device 3 through the sorting conveyor belt 22, and run to the cocoon cutting device 4 along the cocoon carrying hole plate 35, and the cocoons are driven to rotate in the cocoon carrying slot 351 through the cocoon cutting differential belt 44. Similarly, the cocoons are cut along the periphery of the cocoons by the cocoon cutting knife 43, and the cut cocoons are transported to the discharge hopper 5 through the cocoon carrying hole plate. After screening by the pupa-shell screening device 6 arranged below the discharge hopper 5, the tussah pupae are output through the tussah pupae outlet 624 of the lower layer, and the cocoon shells are output through the cocoon shell outlet 623 of the upper layer, thereby realizing the sorting of the pupa shells.

[0042] Further, such as Figure 4-Figure 7 As shown, the sorting box 21 of the sorting device 2 is rectangular as a whole, the feed inlet 211 opened on the top is an inverted trapezoid, the cocoon outlet opened on the front lower part is placed above the cocoon-carrying hole plate 35 of the conveying device 3, and the sorting box 21 includes the sorting conveyor belt 22, two sorting conveyor belt rollers 23 and a cocoon pressing roller. The sorting conveyor belt 22 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the two sorting conveyor belt rollers 23, wherein the active sorting conveyor belt roller is connected to the sorting motor 28 arranged on the outer side of the sorting box 21. There are two cocoon pressing rollers, which are respectively installed above the sorting conveyor belt 22. The second cocoon pressing roller 25 located at the rear of the work is in contact with the sorting conveyor belt 22, and the distance between the first cocoon pressing roller 24 located at the front of the work and the sorting conveyor belt 22 is less than the maximum outer diameter of the cocoon; the same end of the first cocoon pressing roller 24 and the second cocoon pressing roller 25 are respectively installed with gears that mesh with each other, and the two rotate in opposite directions. The gap between the first cocoon pressing roller 24 and the second cocoon pressing roller 25 is less than the minimum outer diameter of the cocoon.

[0043] A sorting differential belt 26 is also provided below the sorting conveyor belt 22 in the sorting box 21. The sorting differential belt 26 is sleeved on two sorting differential belt rollers 27. The sorting differential belt rollers 27 are installed on the sorting box 21. One end of the active sorting conveyor belt roller 23 is connected to the sorting motor 28, and the other end is provided with a large pulley. A small pulley is provided on the sorting differential belt roller 27 located below the active sorting conveyor belt roller 23. The small pulley and the large pulley are at the same end and are connected by a transmission belt. The sorting differential belt 26 contacts the sorting conveyor belt 22 with different movement speeds. The sorting differential belt in the contacting part moves in the opposite direction to the sorting conveyor belt. Figure 6 The active sorting conveyor belt roller 23 is driven by the sorting motor 28 to drive the sorting conveyor belt 22 and the driven sorting conveyor belt roller to rotate, and at the same time, the small belt wheel is driven to rotate by the large belt wheel, thereby driving the sorting differential belt 26 to rotate.

[0044] Furthermore, the sorting cocoon grooves 221 arranged on the surface of the sorting conveyor belt 22 are provided with multiple rows of partitions 222 on the surface of the sorting conveyor belt 22, and multiple baffles 223 are arranged between two adjacent rows of partitions 222 to form multiple rectangular sorting cocoon grooves 221 to accommodate the silk cocoons.

[0045] like Figure 4 As shown, the feed port 211 of the sorting box 21 is provided with a plurality of inverted trapezoidal feed baffles 212 at intervals, forming a plurality of feed slots corresponding to the sorting cocoon slots 221 on the surface of the sorting conveyor belt 22 .

[0046] like Figure 1 , 3 , Figure 8-Figure 10 As shown, the conveying device 3 includes two side guard plates 31, a chain transmission mechanism, a cocoon-carrying hole plate 35, a conveying motor 38, a brush I36, a brush II 39 and a cocoon-blocking plate 37. The chain transmission mechanism is composed of two groups of symmetrically arranged transmission chains 32 with sprockets 33, and its active sprocket shaft is connected to the conveying motor 38 installed on the frame 1 through a chain transmission I 310. The chain transmission I 310 is driven by the conveying motor 38 to drive the chain 32 to rotate. The cocoon-carrying hole plate 35 is installed on the two groups of transmission chains 32, and a plurality of cocoon-like elliptical cocoon-carrying hole grooves 35 are opened on the surface. The bottom of the cocoon-carrying hole groove 35 A hole is opened on the part so that the built-in cocoons can contact the cocoon cutting differential belt 44; the two side guard plates 31 are installed on the outside of the two groups of chains 32 on the frame 1, and the cocoon blocking plate 37 is installed above the two side guard plates 31, and is located between the sorting device 2 and the cocoon cutting device 4; the brush I36 is installed on the driven sprocket shaft in the two transmission chains 32, and contacts the bottom of the cocoon carrying hole plate 35 on the upper side of the transmission chain 32 to brush off the residue; the brush II39 is installed on the frame 1 through its roller, close to the top of the discharge end of the discharge hopper 5, and the brush II39 is in contact with the bottom of the cocoon carrying hole plate 35 on the lower side of the transmission chain 32.

[0047] like Figure 1 , Figure 11-13 As shown, the cocoon cutting device 4 includes a support seat 41, a knife holder rod 42, a cocoon cutting knife 43 and a cocoon cutting differential belt 44. The two support seats 41 are symmetrically mounted on the guard plates 31 on both sides of the conveying device 3, and the two knife holder rods 42 are symmetrically mounted on the two support seats 41. The cocoon cutting knives 43 are evenly spaced and mounted below the knife holder rods 42, corresponding to the elliptical cocoon carrying hole grooves 351 on the cocoon carrying hole plate 35, respectively. The cocoon cutting differential belt 44 is mounted below the cocoon cutting device 4 in the guard plates 31 on both sides of the conveying device 3. The active transmission roller sleeved in the cocoon cutting differential belt 44 is connected to the cocoon cutting differential motor 46 installed on the frame 1 through a chain drive II 47, driving the cocoon cutting differential belt 44 to move in the opposite direction of the cocoon carrying hole plate 35, and contacting the cocoons in the cocoon carrying hole plate 35 to drive the cocoons to rotate in the cocoon carrying hole groove 351.

[0048] The cocoon cutting knife 43 includes a knife support plate 431, a front connecting rod 432, a rear connecting rod 433, a blade clamping plate 434, a cocoon cutting blade 435 and a spring top rod 436. The knife support plate 431 is installed below the knife holder rod 42, and two blade clamping plates 434 are arranged below the knife support plate 431. The front connecting rod 432 and the rear connecting rod 433 are connected between the knife support plate 431 and the two blade clamping plates 434. Three fixed hinge supports are arranged below the knife support plate 431, which are respectively located at the two ends and the middle part. The upper parts of the front and rear connecting rods 432 and 433 are connected to the fixed hinge supports at both ends of the knife support plate 431. The cocoon-cutting blade 435 is hinged, and the lower part is hinged with the blade clamping plate 434. The cocoon-cutting blade 435 is installed between the two blade clamping plates 434. The spring push rod is connected between the tool support plate 431 and the front connecting rod 432. The spring push rod includes a spring rod 436, a spring clip 437 and a spring 438. The upper part of the spring rod 436 with the spring 438 is connected to the fixed hinge support in the middle of the tool support plate 431. The middle part of the spring rod 436 is provided with a notch to place the spring clip 437. The spring clip 437 contacts the front connecting rod 432 and the spring 438 respectively. The lower part of the spring rod 436 is inserted into the strip hole provided on the front connecting rod 432. When the cocoon-cutting knife cuts the cocoon, the larger silkworm cocoon will push up the blade clamping plate 434, and the blade clamping plate 434 will move horizontally backward under the action of the front connecting rod 432 and the rear connecting rod 433. At this time, the spring 438 fixed on the spring rod 436 is compressed by the front connecting rod 432. When the compression force of the spring 438 is greater than the thrust of the cocoon, the front connecting rod 432 no longer drives the blade clamp 434 to move horizontally backward. The blade clamp 434 is fixed by the thrust of the cocoon and the elastic force of the spring, and the cocoon cutting blade 435 installed between the two blade clamps 434 starts to cut the cocoon. At the same time, the bottom surface of the blade clamp 434 sticks to the cocoon shell to ensure that the cutting depth of the cocoon cutting blade 435 is within a safe range.

[0049] The blade clamp 434 has an L-shaped bending structure, and the working front end of the blade clamp 434 is bent upward, with a bending angle of 20° to the horizontal plane to ensure that cocoons of different sizes can smoothly enter under the blade clamp 434 and be firmly held. The cocoon cutting knife 43 extends out from the bottom of the blade clamp 434, and the extending height is the depth of the cocoon cutting knife 43 cutting the cocoon. The L-shaped bending plate is parallel to the bottom edge of the horizontal plane and is used to press the two sides of the cocoon.

[0050] like Figure 1 , Fig.14As shown, the pupa-shell screening device 6 includes a vibration motor 61, a vibration screen plate 62, a vibration spring 63 and a vibration frame 64, the vibration frame 64 is placed in the frame 1, the bottom of the vibration screen plate 62 is installed on the four corners of the vibration frame 64 through four vibration springs 63, including an upper and lower screen plate, the upper screen plate 621 has a pupa falling hole, the upper screen plate 621 is provided with a cocoon shell outlet at the output end, and the cocoon shell after the cocoon is cut is output, and the tussah pupa outlet is provided at the output end of the lower screen plate 622, and the tussah pupa outlet is output. The cocoon shell outlet and the tussah pupa outlet are both gradually reduced trapezoidal outlets, which are arranged in two directions for easy collection; the vibration motor 64 is installed behind the working of the vibration screen plate 62, and the vibration screen plate 62 is driven to vibrate and screen through the operation of the vibration motor 64.

[0051] When the present invention is used, the machine is first placed in a stable and suitable position, the power is turned on, and the machine is checked to see if it is operating normally. After the machine is started, the sorting motor 28 drives the sorting conveyor belt roller 23 in the sorting device 2 to rotate, and the silk cocoons are poured into the feed port 211 of the sorting device 2, and the silk cocoons are respectively and orderly entered into the sorting cocoon slots 221 of the sorting conveyor belt 22 through the multiple feed baffles 212 provided in the feed port 211, so as to ensure that the silk cocoons entering the slots of the sorting conveyor belt 22 are all in a single horizontal state, and will not fall on the gap of the sorting conveyor belt 22 or spill outside. In order to ensure that there is only one cocoon in each sorting cocoon slot 221, a first cocoon pressing roller 24 and a second cocoon pressing roller 25 are provided above the rear of the sorting conveyor belt 22, wherein the first cocoon pressing roller 24 is at a certain distance from the sorting conveyor belt 22, and the second cocoon pressing roller 25 is in contact with the sorting conveyor belt 22, ensuring that if there is more than one cocoon in the sorting cocoon slot 221, it can be blocked by the first cocoon pressing roller 24 in time; if a single cocoon is large, the cocoon can also be slightly squeezed for the first time, and then the second cocoon pressing roller 25 squeezes it again to prevent excessive squeezing from damaging the silkworm pupa. At this time, although the cocoons in the sorting cocoon slot 221 of the sorting conveyor belt 22 are separate, the cocoon silk in each sorting cocoon slot 221 may still be hooked and adhered, which has a greater impact on the subsequent cocoon cutting. In order to eliminate this effect, a sorting differential belt 26 is installed under the sorting conveyor belt 22. The sorting conveyor belt 22 transmits power to the sorting differential belt roller 27 through the transmission belt 29 on one side of the sorting box 21. Since there is a transmission ratio between the large pulley 291 and the small pulley 292, the running speed of the sorting differential belt 26 is greater than that of the sorting conveyor belt 22, and the movement direction is opposite. At this time, the cocoons in the sorting cocoon slot 221 are subjected to the forward thrust of the sorting conveyor belt 22 and the backward friction of the sorting differential belt 26, so that the cocoons begin to rotate, and the cocoon silk is tightly wound on their respective cocoon shells. At the end of the sorting differential belt 26, the cocoons are pushed into the holes of the cocoon-carrying hole plate 35 of the conveying device 3 through the sorting conveyor belt 22.

[0052] The cocoon-carrying hole plate 35 of the conveying device 3 is installed on the chain 32. The conveying motor 38 installed on the frame 1 drives the sprocket chain to rotate through the chain transmission. After the sorted cocoons fall into the cocoon-carrying hole plate 35, the cocoon-carrying hole plate 35 moves toward the cocoon-cutting device 4 along with the chain 32. Since a cocoon-cutting differential belt 44 is installed below the cocoon-carrying hole plate 35, during the cocoon-cutting process, the cocoons are also subjected to forces of different sizes and opposite directions to rotate, thereby improving the cocoon-cutting efficiency. In order to adapt to cocoons of different sizes and shapes, the cocoon-cutting knife 43 is provided with a blade clamping plate 434, and the front end of the blade clamping plate 434 is bent and raised to ensure that cocoons of different sizes can smoothly enter the blade clamping plate 434 and be firmly held. When the cocoons enter the blade clamping plate 434, the blade clamping plate 434 is pressed against the cocoon by the elastic force of the spring 438 through the spring push rod 436. Under the action of the blade clamp 434, the cutting depth of the cocoon cutting blade 435 is controlled to a safe distance that only cuts the cocoon shell but does not touch the pupa, avoiding damage to the silkworm pupae during the cocoon shell cutting process. After the silkworm cocoons pass through the cocoon cutting device 4, the cocoon shells and silkworm pupae continue to move forward in the cocoon carrying hole plate 35. At the end of the conveying device 3, the cocoon shells and silkworm pupae fall into the discharge hopper 5 under the action of gravity, and then fall into the pupa-shell screening device 6. If there is a cocoon silk hooked on the cocoon carrying hole plate 35 and failed to fall off in time, the brush I36 installed on the sprocket 33 inside the conveying device 3 and the brush II39 installed on the frame 1 will roll and brush the upper and lower bottoms of the cocoon carrying hole plate 35, thereby brushing off the cocoon shells and silkworm pupae that did not fall off in time.

[0053] When the cocoon shells and silkworm pupae fall into the vibrating screen plate 62 through the discharge hopper 5, the vibrating screen plate 62 vibrates under the action of the vibration motor 61, and the cocoon shells and silkworm pupae move forward. Multiple rows of pupa holes are provided on the upper vibrating screen plate 621, and the pupa holes are larger than the outer diameter of the silkworm pupae and smaller than the outer diameter of the silkworm shells. The larger cocoon shells are left on the upper screen plate 621, and the silkworm pupae fall into the lower screen plate 622. The discharge ports of the upper and lower screen plates are respectively on the left and right sides of the pupa-shell screening device 6, completing the separation and screening of silkworm pupae and cocoon shells, preventing the cocoon shells from mixing with silkworm pupae, and eliminating the tedious process of manually selecting cocoon shells and pupae again.

[0054] The components not described in detail in this application are all existing conventional technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0055] It can be understood that the above specific description of the present invention is only used to illustrate the present invention and is not limited to the technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents to achieve the same technical effects; as long as the use requirements are met, they are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic cocoon cutting machine, characterized in that: The invention comprises a frame and a conveying device, a sorting device, a cocoon-slicing device, a discharging hopper and a pupa-shell screening device arranged on the frame, wherein the sorting device is arranged at the input end above the conveying device, a feeding port is arranged at the top of the sorting device, a cocoon-slicing port is arranged near the front lower part of the conveying device, a sorting conveyor belt is arranged in the sorting box body of the sorting device, a plurality of sorting cocoon slots for accommodating silkworm cocoons are arranged on the surface of the sorting conveyor belt, and the sorting cocoon slots on the cocoon-carrying hole plate of the conveying device are respectively corresponding to the cocoon-carrying hole slots on the cocoon-carrying hole plate of the conveying device, the cocoon-slicing device is arranged in the middle position above the conveying device, and the cocoon-slicing device is arranged in the middle position above the conveying device. The cocoon-cutting differential belt of the device is placed below the cocoon-carrying hole plate in the conveying device, contacts the cocoons in the cocoon-carrying hole groove, and moves in the opposite direction to the cocoon-carrying hole plate, driving the cocoons to rotate in the cocoon-carrying hole groove, and the cocoon-cutting knives of the cocoon-slicing device correspond to the middle of the cocoon-carrying hole groove respectively to complete the cutting of the outer periphery of the cocoon; the discharging hopper is installed below the output end of the conveying device, the pupa-shell screening device is located below the discharging hopper, receives and screens the materials, the pupa-shell screening device is provided with an tussah pupa outlet at the lower output end, and a cocoon shell outlet at the upper output end.

2. The automatic cocoon cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sorting box of the sorting device is rectangular as a whole, and the feed port opened on the top is an inverted trapezoid. The cocoon outlet opened on the front lower part is placed above the cocoon carrying hole plate of the conveying device. The interior of the sorting box includes the sorting conveyor belt, two sorting conveyor belt rollers and a cocoon pressing roller. The sorting conveyor belt is sleeved on the outer periphery of the two sorting conveyor belt rollers, wherein the active sorting conveyor belt roller is connected to the sorting motor arranged on the outer side of the sorting box. There are two cocoon pressing rollers, which are respectively installed above the sorting conveyor belt. The second cocoon pressing roller arranged at the rear of the work contacts the sorting conveyor belt, and the distance between the first cocoon pressing roller arranged at the front of the work and the sorting conveyor belt is less than the maximum outer diameter of the cocoon; the same ends of the first cocoon pressing roller and the second cocoon pressing roller are respectively installed with gears that mesh with each other and rotate in opposite directions. The gap between the first cocoon pressing roller and the second cocoon pressing roller is less than the minimum outer diameter of the cocoon.

3. The automatic cocoon cutting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: A sorting differential belt is also provided below the sorting conveyor belt in the sorting box body, and the sorting differential belt is sleeved on two sorting differential belt rollers. The sorting differential belt rollers are installed on the sorting box body, and a small pulley is provided on the sorting differential belt roller located below the active sorting conveyor belt roller, which is connected to a large pulley installed on the active sorting conveyor belt roller through a transmission belt. The sorting differential belt is in contact with the sorting conveyor belt, and the movement speeds are different. The sorting differential belt in the contacting part moves in the opposite direction to the sorting conveyor belt.

4. The automatic cocoon cutting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sorting cocoon slots arranged on the surface of the sorting conveyor belt are formed by arranging multiple rows of partitions on the surface of the conveyor belt, and multiple baffles are arranged between two adjacent rows of partitions to form multiple rectangular sorting cocoon slots for accommodating the cocoons.

5. The automatic cocoon cutting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The feed opening of the sorting box body is provided with a plurality of inverted trapezoidal feed baffles at intervals, so as to form a plurality of feed slots corresponding to the sorting cocoon slots on the surface of the sorting conveyor belt.

6. The automatic cocoon cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying device includes two side guard plates, a chain transmission mechanism, a cocoon-carrying hole plate, a conveying motor, a brush I, a brush II and a cocoon-blocking plate. The chain transmission mechanism is composed of two groups of symmetrically arranged transmission chains with sprockets, and its active sprocket shaft is connected to the conveying motor installed on the frame, and the chain is driven to rotate by the conveying motor. The cocoon-carrying hole plate is installed on the two groups of transmission chains, and a plurality of cocoon-imitation elliptical cocoon-carrying hole grooves are opened on the surface, and holes are opened at the bottom of the cocoon-carrying hole grooves, so that the built-in silkworm cocoons are in contact with the cocoon-cutting differential belt; the two side guard plates are installed on the outside of the two groups of chains on the frame, and the cocoon-blocking plate is installed above the two side guard plates, and is located between the sorting device and the cocoon-cutting device. The brush I is installed on the driven sprocket shaft in the two transmission chains, and contacts the bottom of the cocoon-carrying hole plate on the upper side of the transmission chain to brush away residues; the brush II is installed on the frame through its roller, close to the top of the discharge end of the discharging hopper, and the brush II on it contacts the bottom of the cocoon-carrying hole plate on the lower side of the transmission chain.

7. The automatic cocoon cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cocoon cutting device comprises a support seat, a knife holder rod, a cocoon cutting knife and a cocoon cutting differential belt. Two of the support seats are symmetrically mounted on the guard plates at both sides of the conveying device. Two of the knife holder rods are symmetrically mounted on the two support seats. The cocoon cutting knives are evenly spaced and mounted below the knife holder rods, corresponding to the elliptical cocoon carrying hole grooves on the cocoon carrying hole plate respectively. The cocoon cutting differential belt is mounted below the cocoon cutting device in the plates at both sides of the conveying device. The active transmission roller sleeved in the cocoon cutting differential belt is connected to the cocoon cutting differential motor mounted on the frame, driving the cocoon cutting differential belt to move in the opposite direction to the cocoon carrying hole plate, and contacting and transmitting with the cocoons in the cocoon carrying hole plate, so that the cocoons rotate in the cocoon carrying hole groove.

8. The automatic cocoon cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cocoon cutting knife comprises a tool support plate, a front connecting rod, a rear connecting rod, a blade clamp, a cocoon cutting blade and a spring push rod. The tool support plate is installed below the tool holder rod, and two blade clamps are arranged below the tool support plate. The front connecting rod and the rear connecting rod are connected between the tool support plate and the two blade clamps. Three fixed hinge supports are arranged below the tool support plate, which are respectively located at the two ends and the middle part. The upper parts of the front and rear connecting rods are hinged to the fixed hinge supports at the two ends of the tool support plate, and the lower parts are hinged to the blade clamps. The cocoon cutting blade is installed between the two blade clamps, and the spring push rod is connected between the tool support plate and the front connecting rod. The spring push rod comprises a spring rod, a spring clip and a spring. The upper part of the spring rod with a spring is connected to the fixed hinge support in the middle of the tool support plate. A notch is opened in the middle part of the spring rod to place the spring clip. The spring clip contacts the front connecting rod and the spring respectively, and the lower part of the spring rod is inserted into the strip hole opened on the front connecting rod.

9. The automatic cocoon cutting machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: The blade clamp has an L-shaped bending structure, and the working front end of the blade clamp is bent upward with a bending angle of 20° to the horizontal plane. The cocoon cutting blade extends out from the bottom of the blade clamp, and the extending height is the depth of the cocoon cutting blade cutting the cocoon. The L-shaped bending plate is used to press on both sides of the cocoon.

10. The automatic cocoon cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pupa-shell screening device includes a vibration motor, a vibration screen plate, a vibration spring and a vibration frame, wherein the vibration frame is placed in the frame, and the bottom of the vibration screen plate is installed on the vibration frame through four vibration springs, including an upper and lower screen plate, the upper screen plate is provided with a pupa dropping hole, a cocoon shell outlet is arranged at the output end of the upper screen plate, and the cocoon shells after the cocoons are cut are output, and a tussah pupa outlet is arranged at the output end of the lower screen plate, and the tussah pupa with the cocoon shells removed are output. The vibration motor is installed behind the working of the vibration screen plate, and the vibration screen plate is driven by the working of the vibration motor to vibrate and screen.

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