Intelligent carbon reduction waste gas treatment system and treatment method

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent carbon-reduction waste gas treatment system and a treatment method thereof. The intelligent carbon-reduction waste gas treatment system comprises an air circulation pipe, an air storage tank, a central regulation and control system, a parameter detection system, a filtering device, a high-temperature heating device, an air pressure control device and a calcium oxide release device. The carbon dioxide concentration, the gas flow rate and the gas temperature are collected through the central regulation and control system, the whole process is regulated and controlled with the highest decomposition rate of carbon dioxide as the target in cooperation with the drawing system and the optimization algorithm controller, data of the parameter detection system are collected through the drawing system, and a corresponding chart is made. And finally, synthesizing the temperature and the concentration of carbon dioxide in the circulating air to obtain the condition with the highest purification degree. Compared with the prior art, the decomposition rate is effectively improved by controlling parameters such as the flow rate and the temperature of air, valuable calcium carbonate is manufactured while it is guaranteed that carbon dioxide is reduced, and then the phenomena such as global warming and the like which are harmful to the environment are relieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of waste gas treatment systems and methods, and in particular to an intelligent carbon reduction waste gas treatment system and method. Background Art

[0002] Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas produced by human activities, with the main sources including the burning of fossil fuels, industrial production and deforestation. Excessive emissions of carbon dioxide can lead to global warming, trigger extreme weather events, affect the balance of ecosystems, and aggravate sea level rise. In today's society, with the increase of industrialization and human activities, carbon dioxide emissions have become one of the main causes of global warming and climate change. In order to degrade the content of CO2 in the air, finding effective methods to reduce the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has become one of the urgent issues to be solved.

[0003] At present, biomass decarbonization and storage is the main means of removing carbon dioxide. Although biomass carbon removal and storage can provide long-term CO2 removal, not all processes necessarily provide net carbon benefits. They can also cause biological pollution, which will lead to the expansion of farmland and the destruction of forests and grasslands. So I thought of using other more environmentally friendly methods to remove carbon dioxide. Calcium oxide (CaO), as a common inorganic compound, is widely used in the process of removing carbon dioxide. The calcium carbonate it produces is a common compound. Calcium carbonate can be recycled and regenerated. It is widely used in industrial production, building materials, medicine, food and other fields. It has its unique advantages and application value. While reducing carbon dioxide, it can also minimize costs and reduce resource waste, which is in line with the concept of sustainable development. However, the traditional method of using calcium oxide to remove carbon dioxide has the defect of not achieving the best decomposition effect. Summary of the invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an intelligent carbon reduction waste gas treatment system and treatment method, which increases the decomposition rate by controlling the flow rate of the gas, thereby ensuring that valuable calcium carbonate is produced while reducing carbon dioxide, thereby alleviating global warming and other environmental hazards.

[0005] Technical solution: To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention may adopt the following technical solution: an intelligent carbon reduction waste gas treatment system, including an air circulation pipe, an air storage tank, a central control system, a parameter detection system, a filtering device, a high-temperature heating device and an air pressure control device;

[0006] The high temperature heating device heats the air circulation pipe. There are three gas storage tanks, namely the first gas storage tank, the second gas storage tank and the third gas storage tank. The first gas storage tank and the second gas storage tank are connected to the air circulation pipe, and the third gas storage tank is connected to the second gas storage tank, respectively storing gases containing different carbon dioxide concentrations;

[0007] The filtering device filters the gas entering and exiting the gas storage tank;

[0008] The air pressure control device includes a pressure increasing valve and a pressure reducing valve, which receive control signals from the central control system, pressurize and reduce the pressure of the gas flowing into the air circulation pipe for reaction, and control the flow rate;

[0009] The central control system collects carbon dioxide concentration, gas flow rate, gas temperature, and decomposition rate through a parameter detection system, optimizes with the highest decomposition rate of carbon dioxide as the goal, comprehensively obtains the parameter control conditions with the highest purification degree, and regulates the parameters of the entire system.

[0010] Furthermore, the parameter detection system includes a gas flow rate detection sensor, a gas temperature detection sensor arranged in the air circulation pipe, and a carbon dioxide concentration sensor arranged in the second gas storage tank, which are respectively used to detect the gas flow rate, gas temperature, and carbon dioxide concentration.

[0011] Furthermore, the filtering device includes a front-end filtering device arranged at the front end of the air circulation pipe and a terminal harmful gas filtering device arranged at the end of the air circulation pipe. The first air storage tank is connected to the air circulation pipe through the front-end filtering device, and the second air storage tank is connected to the air circulation pipe through the terminal harmful gas filtering device.

[0012] Furthermore, the front-end filtering device is a dehumidifier, and the terminal harmful gas filtering device is a molecular sieve filter.

[0013] Furthermore, the first gas storage tank stores gas sent from the outside and is connected to a pressurizing valve and a reducing valve. The pressure reducing valve and the pressurizing valve are adjusted by the central control system to control the pressure of the gas, thereby controlling the flow rate of the air flowing into the air circulation pipe; the second gas storage tank collects the reacted gas and detects the carbon dioxide content. If the carbon dioxide content standard is met, the gas is transferred to the third gas storage tank. If the standard is not met, the gas is returned to the first gas storage tank and the entire process is repeated until the standard is met.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a calcium oxide release device, which is arranged in the air circulation pipe and has a calcium oxide release valve thereon, and the calcium oxide is replenished in real time by controlling the change of the calcium oxide content attached to the wall of the air circulation pipe, as follows:

[0015] When the central control system receives data that there is no change in the carbon dioxide concentration, it means that the calcium oxide has reacted completely or the calcium oxide content is insufficient. The central control system controls the calcium oxide release valve to open and first adds a small amount of calcium oxide to the tube wall film. If the carbon dioxide content changes, it indicates that there is insufficient calcium oxide and the reaction is not completely completed. At this time, the release valve opens to add a large amount of calcium oxide. If the carbon dioxide content does not change, it indicates that the reaction is complete and no supplement is needed.

[0016] Furthermore, the central control system is provided with the following objective function:

[0017] Q=(δT)&(χV)

[0018] And set the following constraints:

[0019] Air temperature Air flow rate Carbon dioxide concentration 800-1200℃ 10-30m / s 0.5％

[0020] In the formula, T represents the air temperature inside the pipe, V represents the air flow rate, Q represents the carbon dioxide concentration in the pipe; δ represents the temperature conversion coefficient under the corresponding carbon dioxide concentration; χ represents the air flow rate conversion coefficient under the corresponding carbon dioxide concentration; the relationship between the carbon dioxide concentration Q and the decomposition rate is: the higher the decomposition rate, the lower the carbon dioxide concentration.

[0021] Furthermore, for the objective function, the ant colony algorithm is used to optimize the highest decomposition rate of carbon dioxide. The specific process is as follows:

[0022] At the initial moment of the algorithm, m ants are randomly placed in n cities, and the first element of each ant's taboo table tabu is set to the city it is currently in. At this time, the amount of pheromone on each path is equal. Let τ ij (0) = c, c is a small constant. At time t, the probability that ant k moves from city i to city j is P k ij (t):

[0023]

[0024] In the formula, J k (i) = {1,2,…,n}-tabu k The set of cities that ant k is allowed to choose in the next step corresponds to the range of each control parameter allowed in the system. The control parameters include: temperature in the air circulation pipe, gas flow rate, carbon dioxide concentration in the second gas storage tank, calcium oxide release and system pressure; taboo table tabu k The cities that ant k has currently visited are recorded, which corresponds to the real-time control of various parameters by the central control system under the condition of target carbon dioxide concentration. When all n cities are added to the taboo table tabuk When , ant k has completed a tour, and the path taken by ant k is a feasible solution to the TSP problem;

[0025] Where η ij is a heuristic factor, which indicates the expected degree of ant transfer from city i to city j. It is the inverse of the distance between city i and city j. α and β respectively indicate the relative importance of pheromone and expected heuristic factor. When all ants complete a tour, all conditions are searched. The completion of the search for conditions corresponds to the system real-time feedback reaction process is about to approach the optimal solution. The pheromone on each path is updated according to the following formula:

[0026] τ ij (t+n)=(1-ρ)·τ ij (t)+Δτ ij

[0027] Where ρ represents the evaporation coefficient of pheromone on the path, 1-ρ represents the persistence coefficient of pheromone, 0<ρ<1; Δτ ij represents the increment of pheromone on edge ij in this iteration. Ants use pheromones to determine the direction and find the target. Pheromones correspond to the central control system to control the changes of various parameters in the air circulation pipe in real time to achieve the optimization effect, that is:

[0028]

[0029] Among them, Δτ ij k Indicates the amount of pheromone left by the kth ant on edge ij in this iteration. If the ant leaves pheromone on edge ij, it corresponds to the qualified carbon dioxide concentration after the reaction treatment of the system. If ant k does not pass through edge ij, it corresponds to the carbon dioxide concentration of the system after the reaction treatment does not meet the qualified requirements. An inertia weight w that changes with the number of iterations is added to the ant position update. In the early stage of the algorithm search, the influence of the optimal ant position on the current individual position adjustment is weakened, and the global search ability of the algorithm in the early stage is improved. According to the change of the number of updates in the ant optimization algorithm, the adaptive inertia weight composed of the number of iterations t is selected as follows: Then Δτ ij k =0; inertia weight w and Δτ ij k It is expressed as:

[0030]

[0031] Among them, t max is the maximum number of iterations, S is a positive constant, L KIt represents the length of the path walked by the kth ant in this tour, that is, the most suitable temperature, gas flow rate, and carbon dioxide concentration found in the search process; the inertia weight w has a property of nonlinear change between [0,1]. Due to the change characteristics of the cosine function between [0,π / 2], the weight is small in the early stage of the algorithm, but the change speed is slightly faster; in the later stage of the algorithm, its value is larger, but the change speed will slow down.

[0032] Furthermore, the optimization is performed with the highest decomposition rate of carbon dioxide as the goal, the optimal objective function value is determined, the temperature in the air circulation pipe, the gas flow rate and the carbon dioxide concentration are further determined, and the release amount of calcium oxide and the system pressure are further determined, as follows:

[0033] The amount of calcium oxide released is dynamically adjusted according to the concentration of carbon dioxide and the gas flow rate, as follows:

[0034] CaO release =k1·Q+k2·V

[0035] Where, CaO release is the release amount of calcium oxide, Q is the concentration of carbon dioxide, V is the gas flow rate, k1 and k2 are weight factors;

[0036] The pressure is adjusted according to the gas flow rate and temperature. The pressure is adjusted dynamically according to the gas flow rate and temperature, as follows:

[0037] P=k3·V+k4·T

[0038] Where P is the system pressure, V is the gas flow rate, T is the temperature, and k3 and k4 are weight factors.

[0039] The present invention also discloses a treatment method based on the above-mentioned intelligent carbon reduction waste gas treatment system, comprising the following steps:

[0040] Step 1) First, the high temperature heating device preliminarily heats the air circulation pipe to 800-1200°C, reaching a temperature at which carbon dioxide can react with calcium oxide;

[0041] Step 2) introducing an appropriate amount of air into the first air storage tank, filtering out substances that can react with calcium oxide through a filter device, and then introducing the air into the air circulation pipe to react with the attached calcium oxide;

[0042] Step 3) When the above two steps are being carried out, the parameter detection system is turned on to detect the flow rate of the gas flowing in the air circulation pipe, and the gas flow rate is recorded, and the temperature in the air circulation pipe is detected, and all the data are transmitted to the central control system, and the central control system makes corresponding adjustments;

[0043] Step 4) Finally, the exhausted gas first passes through a filter device to filter out harmful gases and then is stored in a second gas tank. The concentration of carbon dioxide is internally detected. If the carbon dioxide content emission standard is met, it is discharged to a third gas tank for storage. If the standard is not met, it returns to the first gas tank and starts the entire process again from step 1) until the standard is met.

[0044] Beneficial effects:

[0045] 1. The present invention collects carbon dioxide concentration, gas flow rate, and gas temperature through a central control system, and cooperates with a mapping system and an algorithm to control the entire process with the highest decomposition rate of carbon dioxide as the goal; the mapping system collects data from the parameter detection system and makes corresponding charts, and finally, after comprehensively analyzing the temperature and carbon dioxide concentration in the circulating air, the conditions with the highest degree of purification are obtained. The system controls the air flow rate to effectively improve the decomposition rate, ensuring that valuable calcium carbonate is produced while reducing carbon dioxide, thereby alleviating global warming and other environmental hazards.

[0046] 2. The principle of the objective function set in the present invention is to model the influence of each key parameter - air temperature, gas flow rate and carbon dioxide concentration - based on Gaussian distribution. In this model, each parameter has an optimal value. When the actual parameter value deviates from this optimal value, its contribution to the treatment effect will drop rapidly in the shape of the Gaussian distribution. This distribution reflects that in actual operation, the influence of parameters on performance is often nonlinear and reaches a maximum near the optimal value. And by introducing exponential coefficients α and β, the objective function can adjust the nonlinear influence of flow rate and concentration, allowing the model to adjust the relative importance of these parameters according to actual data. The entire objective function is the product of these three Gaussian distributions, which means that the optimal combination of all parameters will maximize the value of the objective function, thereby optimizing the entire exhaust gas treatment process.

[0047] 3. The present invention further determines the required temperature, flow rate and carbon dioxide concentration data by optimizing the optimal objective function value. Through the feedback control mechanism, the system can adjust heating, air pressure control and calcium oxide release according to the value of the objective function to maintain the optimal operating conditions. The calcium oxide release amount can be dynamically adjusted according to the carbon dioxide concentration and gas flow rate, and the pressure adjustment can be achieved according to the gas flow rate and temperature.

[0048] 4. The present invention adopts the ant colony algorithm for target optimization. Inspired by the particle swarm optimization algorithm, an inertia weight w that changes with the number of iterations is added to the ant position update. In the early stage of the algorithm search, the influence of the optimal ant position on the current individual position adjustment is weakened, and the global search ability of the algorithm in the early stage is improved. As the number of iterations increases, the influence of the optimal ant position is gradually improved, so that other ants can quickly converge to the position of the pheromone, improving the convergence speed of the entire algorithm. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of carbon dioxide treatment according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 3 This is a graph showing the relationship between carbon dioxide concentration and temperature in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 4 This is a graph showing the relationship between carbon dioxide concentration and air flow rate in Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0055] Please refer to Figure 1-2 As shown, the present invention discloses an intelligent carbon reduction waste gas treatment system, including an air circulation pipe, an air storage tank, a central control system, a parameter detection system, a filtering device, a high-temperature heating device, an air pressure control device, a calcium oxide release device and a mapping system.

[0056] There are three gas storage tanks, namely the first gas storage tank, the second gas storage tank and the third gas storage tank, which store gases containing different carbon dioxide concentrations respectively.

[0057] The filtering device filters the gas entering and exiting the gas storage tank, including the front-end filtering device and the terminal harmful gas filtering device. The front-end filtering device filters out water vapor, solid particulate matter, dust, dirt and other substances in the tank. Specifically, it is a dehumidifier, which removes water vapor from the incoming gas to prevent it from reacting with calcium oxide. The rear-end harmful gas filtering device filters harmful gases such as carbon monoxide and methane produced in an insufficient reaction state. Specifically, it is a molecular sieve filter, which can adsorb or convert harmful gas molecules and convert them into harmless substances, thereby ensuring the cleanliness and safety of the gas in the tank. The use of these filtering devices can effectively reduce the impact of harmful gases on the environment and human body.

[0058] The front-end filter device is located at the front end of the entire system, connected to the first gas storage tank and the air circulation pipe, and can filter substances that react with calcium oxide (such as H2O, etc.) in the newly introduced air to prevent these substances from reacting with the calcium oxide in the device and decomposing the calcium oxide. The function of the front-end filter device is to protect the calcium oxide from external influences and ensure its stability and effectiveness in the device. The harmful gas filter device is located at the back end of the entire system, and can filter harmful gases such as carbon monoxide and methane produced in an insufficient reaction state to prevent these harmful gases from entering the air and causing harm. The second gas storage tank is connected to the air circulation pipe through the terminal harmful gas filter device. The function of the back-end filter device is to protect the environment and human health and ensure that the exhaust gas meets relevant environmental protection standards and safety requirements.

[0059] The gas pressure control device includes a pressurizing valve and a reducing valve, which are used to receive signals from the central control system and pressurize and reduce the pressure of the gas flowing into the device for reaction to achieve the effect of controlling the flow rate.

[0060] The calcium oxide release device is arranged in the air circulation pipe, on which a calcium oxide release valve is arranged. The calcium oxide is replenished in real time through the control data of the change of the calcium oxide content attached to the wall of the air circulation pipe.

[0061] The central control system collects carbon dioxide concentration, gas flow rate, and gas temperature through a parameter detection system, and cooperates with a mapping system to regulate the entire process with the highest decomposition rate of carbon dioxide as the goal.

[0062] The parameter detection system includes a gas flow rate detection sensor, a gas temperature detection sensor and a carbon dioxide concentration sensor arranged in the second gas storage tank. The gas temperature detection sensor is used to detect the system temperature, the carbon dioxide concentration sensor is used to detect the concentration of carbon dioxide in the second gas storage tank, and the gas flow rate detection sensor is used to detect the gas flow rate in the air circulation pipe.

[0063] In the case of calcium oxide on both sides of the air circulation tube, calcium carbonate produced by the carbon dioxide reaction may adhere to the tube. If the temperature is too high, calcium carbonate may decompose into calcium oxide and carbon dioxide again. Therefore, the role of the gas temperature detection sensor is to monitor temperature changes to avoid excessive temperature causing calcium carbonate to decompose and affect the reaction efficiency. The carbon dioxide concentration sensor is used to detect the carbon dioxide concentration. Since the temperature of calcium carbonate decomposition is different from the temperature of carbon dioxide and calcium oxide reaction, the air temperature needs to be controlled between 800℃ and 1200℃ to ensure the highest efficiency of carbon dioxide and calcium oxide combination. Within this temperature range, the reaction rate and product quality can be effectively controlled and improved.

[0064] The high-temperature heating device heats the air circulation pipe. The high-temperature heating device covers the heater around the pipe and continuously applies temperature to the air circulation pipe. When the central control system receives changes in gas temperature, gas flow rate and carbon dioxide concentration, it records the temperature as Tbest at the critical point and controls the heating module to keep the temperature at Tbest to ensure that calcium oxide and carbon dioxide react fully while the generated calcium carbonate will not decompose into calcium oxide and carbon dioxide due to overheating.

[0065] The mapping system collects the data collected by the parameter detection system, makes corresponding charts, and finally obtains the conditions with the highest degree of purification by comprehensively analyzing the temperature and the concentration of carbon dioxide in the circulating air. The mapping system collects the carbon dioxide concentration feedback from the parameter detection system to understand the concentration level of carbon dioxide in the environment in real time. At the same time, the mapping system can also collect feedback information on parameters such as gas temperature and gas flow rate to further fully understand the environmental conditions.

[0066] The first gas storage tank stores the gas sent from the outside, and is connected to a pressure-increasing valve and a pressure-reducing valve. The pressure of the gas in the tank is controlled by adjusting the pressure-reducing valve and the pressure-increasing valve by the central control system, thereby controlling the flow rate of the air flowing into the air circulation pipe. The second gas storage tank collects the reacted gas and tests the carbon dioxide content in the tank. If the carbon dioxide content standard is met, it will be placed in the third gas storage tank. If it does not meet the standard, it will return to the first gas storage tank and repeat the entire process until the standard is met; the third gas storage tank stores gas that meets the standard.

[0067] The main function of the central control system is to receive data from the gas temperature detection sensor, the carbon dioxide concentration sensor, and the gas flow rate detection sensor of the air circulation pipe. By analyzing these data, the mapping system produces a chart of the reaction rate of calcium oxide and carbon dioxide at different temperatures and at different flow rates, and further combines the data transmitted by each item to find the maximum reaction critical point. After finding the maximum reaction critical point, the central control system will adjust the flow rate of the incoming gas through the pressure reducing valve and the pressure increasing valve to stabilize it under the conditions of the maximum reaction critical point, thereby achieving full and efficient reaction. In addition, the gas after the reaction is completed is stored in the second gas storage tank, waiting for the carbon dioxide content test results to determine whether reflux treatment is required.

[0068] When the central control system receives the detected carbon dioxide concentration and finds no change, it means that the calcium oxide has reacted completely or the calcium oxide content is insufficient. At this time, the central control system will control the calcium oxide release valve to open and add some calcium oxide to the pipe wall. If the carbon dioxide content changes, it means that the calcium oxide is insufficient and the reaction is not completely completed. At this time, the release valve is opened to add a large amount of calcium oxide. If the carbon dioxide content does not change, the change has been completed and no supplement is needed at this time. The gas only needs to be transported to the second gas storage tank for subsequent steps.

[0069] The processing method of the above-mentioned intelligent carbon reduction waste gas treatment system comprises the following steps:

[0070] 1) First, the high temperature heating device preliminarily heats the air circulation pipe to between 800-1200° C., reaching a temperature at which carbon dioxide can react with calcium oxide.

[0071] 2) A proper amount of air is introduced into the first gas storage tank, and after the front-end filtering device filters out substances in the tank that can react with calcium oxide, such as water vapor, the air is introduced into the air circulation pipe to react with the attached calcium oxide.

[0072] 3) When the above two steps are carried out, the gas flow rate detection sensor detects the flow rate of the gas circulating in the air circulation pipe and records the flow rate. The gas temperature detection sensor detects the temperature in the air circulation pipe and transmits all the data to the central control system, which makes corresponding adjustments.

[0073] 4) Finally, the exhaust gas first passes through the rear-end harmful gas filtering device, filters out the harmful gas generated and then is stored in the second gas storage tank. The carbon dioxide content is detected internally. If the carbon dioxide content standard is met, it will be discharged to the third gas storage tank for storage. If it does not meet the standard, it will return to the first gas storage tank and start the entire process again from step 1) until the standard is met.

[0074] The central control system collects carbon dioxide concentration, gas flow rate, and gas temperature through the parameter detection system, and cooperates with the mapping system to control the entire process with the highest decomposition rate of carbon dioxide as the goal, specifically:

[0075] Assume the objective function: Q = (δT) & (χV)

[0076] The constraints are:

[0077] Air temperature Air flow rate Carbon dioxide concentration 800-1200℃ 10-30m / s 0.5％

[0078] In the formula, T represents the air temperature inside the pipe, V represents the air flow rate, Q represents the carbon dioxide concentration in the pipe; δ represents the temperature conversion coefficient under the corresponding carbon dioxide concentration; χ represents the air flow rate conversion coefficient under the corresponding carbon dioxide concentration; the relationship between the carbon dioxide concentration Q and the decomposition rate is: the higher the decomposition rate, the lower the carbon dioxide concentration.

[0079] At the initial moment of the ant colony algorithm, m ants are randomly placed in n cities. At the same time, the first element of each ant's tabu table is set to the city it is currently in. At this time, the amount of pheromone on each path is equal. Let τ ij (0) = c (c is a small constant) At time t, the probability that ant k moves from city i to city j is P k ij (t):

[0080]

[0081] In the formula, J k (i) = {1,2,…,n}-tabu k The set of cities that ant k is allowed to select in the next step corresponds to the range of each control parameter in the device, including: temperature in the air circulation pipe, gas flow rate, carbon dioxide concentration in the second gas tank, calcium oxide release and system pressure. k The cities that ant k has currently passed through are recorded, which corresponds to the central control system in this patent controlling various parameters in real time according to the target carbon dioxide concentration. k In this case, ant k has completed a tour, and the path taken by ant k is a feasible solution to the TSP problem.

[0082] Where η ij is a heuristic factor that indicates the expected degree of ants moving from city i to city j. In the ant colony algorithm, η ij Usually the inverse of the distance between city i and city j is taken. α and β represent the relative importance of pheromone and expected heuristic factor respectively. When all ants complete a tour, that is, all conditions are searched, (the completion of the condition search corresponds to the real-time feedback reaction process of the device is about to approach the optimal solution), the pheromone on each path is updated according to the following formula:

[0083] τ ij (t+n)=(1-ρ)·τ ij (t)+Δτ ij

[0084] Where ρ(0<ρ<1) represents the evaporation coefficient of pheromone on the path, 1-ρ represents the persistence coefficient of pheromone; Δτij represents the increment of pheromone on edge ij in this iteration (the ants in this algorithm use pheromones to determine the direction and find the target, that is, pheromones correspond to the central control system in this patent to control the changes of various parameters in the pipeline in real time to achieve the optimization effect), that is,

[0085]

[0086] Among them, Δτ ij k Represents the amount of pheromone left by the kth ant on edge ij in this iteration. If the ant leaves pheromone on ij, it corresponds to the qualified carbon dioxide concentration of the device after reaction treatment. If ant k does not pass through edge ij, it corresponds to the carbon dioxide concentration of the device after reaction treatment does not meet the qualified requirements. Inspired by the particle swarm optimization algorithm, an inertia weight w that changes with the number of iterations is added to the ant position update. In the early stage of the algorithm search, the influence of the optimal ant position on the current individual position adjustment is weakened, and the global search ability of the algorithm in the early stage is improved. As the number of iterations increases, the influence of the optimal ant position is gradually increased, so that other ants can quickly converge to the position of the pheromone, thereby improving the convergence speed of the entire algorithm. According to the change in the number of updates in the ant optimization algorithm, the adaptive inertia weight composed of the number of iterations t is selected as follows: Then Δτ ij k =0;Δτ ij k It can be expressed as:

[0087]

[0088] Among them, S is a positive constant, L K It represents the length of the path that the kth ant has walked in this tour, that is, the most suitable temperature, gas flow rate in the tube, and carbon dioxide concentration found in the search process. The inertia weight w has a nonlinear property between [0,1]. Due to the change characteristics of the cosine function between [0,π / 2], the weight is small in the early stage of the algorithm, but the change speed is slightly faster; in the later stage of the algorithm, its value is larger, but the change speed will slow down, which can fully ensure the convergence of the algorithm.

[0089] By continuously adjusting parameters such as flow rate and temperature, the mapping system can achieve optimal flow conditions to improve the accuracy and stability of the mapping results. The optimal flow conditions described are: air temperature of about 1000°C, air flow rate of about 20-25m / s, carbon dioxide concentration of about 0.5%, and calcium oxide release and pressure are dynamically adjusted according to real-time data. These conditions can ensure the efficient operation of the exhaust gas treatment system, while reducing carbon dioxide emissions and alleviating global warming and other issues.

[0090] The optimization is carried out with the highest decomposition rate of carbon dioxide as the goal, the optimal objective function value is determined, the temperature in the air circulation pipe, the gas flow rate and the carbon dioxide concentration are further determined, and the release amount of calcium oxide and the system pressure are further determined. The release amount of calcium oxide can be dynamically adjusted according to the carbon dioxide concentration and the gas flow rate. When the carbon dioxide concentration is high, the release amount of calcium oxide needs to be increased to promote the reaction; at the same time, the increase in gas flow rate may require more calcium oxide to maintain the sufficiency of the reaction. The basic formula is as follows:

[0091] CaO release =k1·Q+k2·V

[0092] Where CaO release is the release amount of calcium oxide, Q is the concentration of carbon dioxide, V is the gas flow rate, k1 and k2 are weight factors.

[0093] The pressure can be adjusted according to the gas flow rate and temperature. The increase in pressure can promote the reaction of calcium oxide and carbon dioxide, but too high a pressure may cause the system to be overloaded. Therefore, it is necessary to dynamically adjust the pressure according to the flow rate and temperature. The specific formula is as follows:

[0094] P=k3·V+k4·T

[0095] Where P is the system pressure, V is the gas flow rate, T is the temperature, and k3 and k4 are weight factors.

[0096] Through this design, the high-temperature heating device can maintain a suitable temperature (1000°C) during the reaction process, thereby promoting the effective reaction of calcium oxide and carbon dioxide to generate a stable calcium carbonate product. This can also prevent the decomposition of calcium carbonate at high temperatures, ensuring the efficiency and stability of the reaction. Finally, it can be dynamically adjusted under different operating conditions (such as temperature, flow rate, etc.) to pursue the best treatment effect while balancing the best treatment efficiency. This flexibility allows the system to maintain efficient operation under different conditions.

[0097] This experiment uses MATLAB software to conduct simulation experiments, using its powerful numerical calculation and graphics drawing functions to simulate the operating environment and performance of the intelligent carbon reduction exhaust gas treatment system. In the simulation model, a series of operating parameters are set, including a temperature range of 800-1200℃, a flow rate range of 10-30m / s, and a target carbon dioxide concentration of 0.5%. The results show that in the analysis process of the effect of temperature on carbon dioxide concentration, such as Figure 3 As shown, when the temperature is 950°C to 1000°C, the carbon dioxide concentration is close to the optimal 0.5%; at the same time, when the variable flow rate is 20m / s, the carbon dioxide concentration is close to the optimal 0.5%.

[0098] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and their purpose is to enable people familiar with the technology to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and they cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent transformation or modification made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent carbon reduction waste gas treatment system, characterized in that: It includes air circulation pipes, air storage tanks, central control system, parameter detection system, filtering device, high temperature heating device and air pressure control device; The high temperature heating device heats the air circulation pipe. There are three gas storage tanks, namely the first gas storage tank, the second gas storage tank and the third gas storage tank. The first gas storage tank and the second gas storage tank are connected to the air circulation pipe, and the third gas storage tank is connected to the second gas storage tank, respectively storing gases containing different carbon dioxide concentrations; The filtering device filters the gas entering and exiting the gas storage tank; The air pressure control device includes a pressure increasing valve and a pressure reducing valve, which receive control signals from the central control system, pressurize and reduce the pressure of the gas flowing into the air circulation pipe for reaction, and control the flow rate; The central control system collects carbon dioxide concentration, gas flow rate, gas temperature, and decomposition rate through a parameter detection system, optimizes with the highest decomposition rate of carbon dioxide as the goal, comprehensively obtains the parameter control conditions with the highest purification degree, and regulates the parameters of the entire system.

2. The intelligent carbon reduction waste gas treatment system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The parameter detection system includes a gas flow rate detection sensor and a gas temperature detection sensor arranged in the air circulation pipe, and a carbon dioxide concentration sensor arranged in the second gas storage tank, which are respectively used to detect the gas flow rate, gas temperature and carbon dioxide concentration.

3. The intelligent carbon reduction waste gas treatment system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The filtering device includes a front-end filtering device arranged at the front end of the air circulation pipe and a terminal harmful gas filtering device arranged at the end of the air circulation pipe. The first air storage tank is connected to the air circulation pipe through the front-end filtering device, and the second air storage tank is connected to the air circulation pipe through the terminal harmful gas filtering device.

4. The intelligent carbon reduction waste gas treatment system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The front-end filtering device is a dehumidifier, and the terminal harmful gas filtering device is a molecular sieve filter.

5. The intelligent carbon reduction waste gas treatment system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first gas storage tank stores the gas sent from the outside and is connected to a pressurizing valve and a reducing valve. The pressure reducing valve and the pressurizing valve are adjusted by the central control system to control the pressure of the gas, thereby controlling the flow rate of the air flowing into the air circulation pipe; the second gas storage tank collects the reacted gas and detects the carbon dioxide content. If the carbon dioxide content standard is met, the gas is transferred to the third gas storage tank. If the standard is not met, the gas is returned to the first gas storage tank and the whole process is repeated until the standard is met.

6. The intelligent carbon reduction waste gas treatment system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes a calcium oxide release device, which is arranged in the air circulation pipe and has a calcium oxide release valve. The calcium oxide is replenished in real time by controlling the change of the calcium oxide content attached to the wall of the air circulation pipe, as follows: When the central control system receives data that there is no change in the carbon dioxide concentration, it means that the calcium oxide has reacted completely or the calcium oxide content is insufficient. The central control system controls the calcium oxide release valve to open and first adds a small amount of calcium oxide to the tube wall film. If the carbon dioxide content changes, it indicates that there is insufficient calcium oxide and the reaction is not completely completed. At this time, the release valve opens to add a large amount of calcium oxide. If the carbon dioxide content does not change, it indicates that the reaction is complete and no supplement is needed.

7. The intelligent carbon reduction waste gas treatment system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The central control system is provided with the following objective function: Q=(δT)&(χV) And set the following constraints: In the formula, T represents the air temperature inside the pipe, V represents the air flow rate, Q represents the carbon dioxide concentration in the pipe; δ represents the temperature conversion coefficient under the corresponding carbon dioxide concentration; χ represents the air flow rate conversion coefficient under the corresponding carbon dioxide concentration; the relationship between the carbon dioxide concentration Q and the decomposition rate is: the higher the decomposition rate, the lower the carbon dioxide concentration.

8. The intelligent carbon reduction waste gas treatment system according to claim 7 is characterized in that: For the objective function, the ant colony algorithm is used to optimize the highest decomposition rate of carbon dioxide. The specific process is as follows: At the initial moment of the algorithm, m ants are randomly placed in n cities, and the first element of each ant's taboo table tabu is set to the city it is currently in. At this time, the amount of pheromone on each path is equal. Let τ ij (0) = c, c is a small constant. At time t, the probability that ant k moves from city i to city j is P k ij (t): In the formula, J k (i) = {1,2,…,n}-tabu k The set of cities that ant k is allowed to choose in the next step corresponds to the range of each control parameter allowed in the system. The control parameters include: temperature in the air circulation pipe, gas flow rate, carbon dioxide concentration in the second gas storage tank, calcium oxide release and system pressure; taboo table tabu k The cities that ant k has currently visited are recorded, which corresponds to the real-time control of various parameters by the central control system under the condition of target carbon dioxide concentration. When all n cities are added to the taboo table tabu k When , ant k has completed a tour, and the path taken by ant k is a feasible solution to the TSP problem; Where η ij is a heuristic factor, which indicates the expected degree of ant transfer from city i to city j. It is the inverse of the distance between city i and city j. α and β respectively indicate the relative importance of pheromone and expected heuristic factor. When all ants complete a tour, all conditions are searched. The completion of the search for conditions corresponds to the system real-time feedback reaction process is about to approach the optimal solution. The pheromone on each path is updated according to the following formula: t ij (t+n)=(1-ρ)·τ ij (t)+Δτ ij Where ρ represents the evaporation coefficient of pheromone on the path, 1-ρ represents the persistence coefficient of pheromone, 0<ρ<1; Δτ ij represents the increment of pheromone on edge ij in this iteration. Ants use pheromones to determine the direction and find the target. Pheromones correspond to the central control system to control the changes of various parameters in the air circulation pipe in real time to achieve the optimization effect, that is: Among them, Δτ ij k Indicates the amount of pheromone left by the kth ant on edge ij in this iteration. If the ant leaves pheromone on edge ij, it corresponds to the qualified carbon dioxide concentration after the reaction treatment of the system. If ant k does not pass through edge ij, it corresponds to the carbon dioxide concentration of the system after the reaction treatment does not meet the qualified requirements. An inertia weight w that changes with the number of iterations is added to the ant position update. In the early stage of the algorithm search, the influence of the optimal ant position on the current individual position adjustment is weakened, and the global search ability of the algorithm in the early stage is improved. According to the change of the number of updates in the ant optimization algorithm, the adaptive inertia weight composed of the number of iterations t is selected as follows: Then Δτ ij k =0; inertia weight w and Δτ ij k It is expressed as: Among them, t max is the maximum number of iterations, L K It represents the length of the path walked by the kth ant in this tour, that is, the most suitable temperature, gas flow rate, and carbon dioxide concentration found in the search process; the inertia weight w has a property of nonlinear change between [0,1]. Due to the change characteristics of the cosine function between [0,π / 2], the weight is small in the early stage of the algorithm, but the change speed is slightly faster; in the later stage of the algorithm, its value is larger, but the change speed will slow down.

9. The intelligent carbon reduction waste gas treatment system according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The optimization is carried out with the highest decomposition rate of carbon dioxide as the goal, the optimal objective function value is determined, the temperature in the air circulation pipe, the gas flow rate and the carbon dioxide concentration are further determined, and the release amount of calcium oxide and the system pressure are further determined, as follows: The amount of calcium oxide released is dynamically adjusted according to the concentration of carbon dioxide and the gas flow rate, as follows: CaO release =k1·Q+k2·V Where, CaO release is the release amount of calcium oxide, Q is the concentration of carbon dioxide, V is the gas flow rate, k1 and k2 are weight factors; The pressure is adjusted according to the gas flow rate and temperature. The pressure is adjusted dynamically according to the gas flow rate and temperature, as follows: P=k3·V+k4·T Where P is the system pressure, V is the gas flow rate, T is the temperature, and k3 and k4 are weight factors.

10. A treatment method based on the intelligent carbon reduction waste gas treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1) First, the high temperature heating device preliminarily heats the air circulation pipe to 800-1200°C, reaching a temperature at which carbon dioxide can react with calcium oxide; Step 2) introducing an appropriate amount of air into the first air storage tank, filtering out substances that can react with calcium oxide through a filter device, and then introducing the air into the air circulation pipe to react with the attached calcium oxide; Step 3) When the above two steps are being carried out, the parameter detection system is turned on to detect the flow rate of the gas flowing in the air circulation pipe, and the gas flow rate is recorded, and the temperature in the air circulation pipe is detected, and all the data are transmitted to the central control system, and the central control system makes corresponding adjustments; Step 4) Finally, the exhausted gas first passes through a filter device to filter out harmful gases and then is stored in a second gas tank. The concentration of carbon dioxide is internally detected. If the carbon dioxide content emission standard is met, it is discharged to a third gas tank for storage. If the standard is not met, it returns to the first gas tank and starts the entire process again from step 1) until the standard is met.

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