Forging die and forging method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a forging die and a forging method, comprising: an upper die and a lower die; four chutes, equidistantly arranged on the top surface of the lower die; four correction plates, slidably connected to the chutes; wherein, when a round rod-shaped raw material is placed in the lower die, thrust is applied to the four correction plates at the same time, so that the four correction plates synchronously approach the round rod-shaped raw material until the raw material is located at the center of the lower die. In the present invention, any two adjacent correction plates are arranged perpendicular to each other, and synchronously approach and push the round rod-shaped raw material. When the four correction plates are unable to continue pushing, the round rod-shaped raw material is located at the center of the lower die, and a relatively balanced flash is formed when the upper die is closed for forging, so as to ensure that the space in the forging die is completely filled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of forging parts, and in particular to a forging die and a forging method. Background Art

[0002] Forging dies are dies used in the forging process. The raw material undergoes plastic deformation in the forging die under the action of external force, thereby obtaining parts of the desired shape and size.

[0003] The blank of shaft parts is a forging. After the blank is heated and forged, the internal fiber structure of the metal can be evenly distributed along the surface, thereby obtaining higher tensile, bending and torsional strength. During forging, the upper and lower dies of the forging die are pressed together by the forging equipment to cause the round rod-shaped raw material to undergo plastic deformation in the upper and lower dies to form a blank. After deformation and demolding, it will be found that flash appears between the upper and lower dies. The formation of flash is uneven and depends on the position of the raw material placed in the lower die before forging. Workers usually use tools such as pliers to clamp and move the raw material. If the raw material is off-center, the flash will be uneven after forging. The thickness of the flash itself will force the upper die to be unable to continue pressing down on the lower die, which may cause the blank to not completely fill the space in the upper die. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a forging die and a forging method, so that the round rod-shaped raw material is located at the center of the forging die and evenly distributed to the surrounding areas during forging deformation to form balanced flash.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A forging die, comprising:

[0007] Upper and lower dies;

[0008] Four slides are equidistantly arranged on the top surface of the lower die;

[0009] Four correction plates are slidably connected to each chute;

[0010] Among them, when the round rod-shaped raw material is placed in the lower mold, thrust is applied to the four correction plates at the same time, so that the four correction plates are synchronously moved closer to the round rod-shaped raw material until the raw material is located at the center of the lower mold.

[0011] Preferably, a limiting groove is provided on the correction plate, a limiting block is slidably connected in the limiting groove, and the limiting block is fixedly connected to the lower die.

[0012] Preferably, an annular groove is provided on the top surface of the lower mold, and the annular groove is connected to the slide groove. A ring body is slidably provided in the annular groove. The inner ring of the ring body is fixedly connected to four guide plates equidistantly arranged around the circumference. The guide plate has a straight surface and a concave arc surface. Both sides of the correction plate are rounded to form a first rounded end close to the raw material and a second rounded end away from the raw material, and the concave arc surface fits with the second rounded end.

[0013] Preferably, a first circular groove is opened at the first rounded end, a first circular plate is slidably arranged in the first circular groove, the first circular groove has the same diameter as the first circular plate, the first circular plate is coaxially fixedly connected with a first rotating shaft, the first rotating shaft and the first circular groove are rotatably connected, wherein the first circular plate partially extends out of the first rounded end and conflicts with the round rod-shaped raw material.

[0014] Preferably, the lower mold is divided into four modules, each module has a horizontal groove and a vertical groove, the horizontal groove and the vertical groove are vertically arranged and not connected to each other. When combined, the four modules are tightly combined to form the lower mold by inserting the matching rods into the horizontal and vertical grooves.

[0015] Preferably, a second circular groove is opened at the second rounded end, a second circular plate is slidably provided in the second circular groove, a rubber ring is fixedly sleeved on the outer edge of the second circular plate, the second circular plate is coaxially fixedly connected with a second rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft is rotationally connected to the second circular groove, and the second rotating shaft is transmission-connected to the first rotating shaft.

[0016] Preferably, a conveying chamber is opened inside the correction plate, and the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft both extend into the interior of the conveying chamber. The first rotating shaft located in the conveying chamber is fixedly connected to the first conveying wheel, and the second rotating shaft located in the conveying chamber is connected to the second conveying wheel. The first conveying wheel and the second conveying wheel are connected by a conveyor belt.

[0017] Preferably, the second rotating shaft is slidably connected to a one-way wheel, the one-way wheel has a retaining groove, the retaining groove is slidably connected to a baffle, the baffle is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second rotating shaft, the inner ring of the second transmission wheel is rotatably and slidably connected to the outer wall of the second rotating shaft, and a one-way structure is set between the one-way wheel and the second transmission wheel.

[0018] Preferably, the one-way structure comprises:

[0019] The guide block is in the shape of a right triangle and is fixed on the side of the one-way wheel facing the second transmission wheel;

[0020] The guide groove is in the shape of a right triangle and is arranged on the side of the second transmission wheel facing the one-way wheel and is adapted to the guide block.

[0021] A forging method for determining the position of a round rod-shaped raw material in a forging die comprises the following steps:

[0022] The round rod-shaped raw material is placed in the lower die of the forging die;

[0023] Apply an external force to push the straight surface of any guide plate, so that the four guide plate rings start to rotate;

[0024] The rotating guide plate guides the correction plate to move toward the round rod-shaped raw material through its concave arc surface, thereby pushing the round rod-shaped raw material to move in the lower die;

[0025] Until the correction plate can no longer move, make sure that the round rod-shaped raw material is in the center of the forging die.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] In the present invention, any two adjacent correction plates are arranged perpendicular to each other, and simultaneously approach and push the round rod-shaped raw material. When the four correction plates can no longer push, the round rod-shaped raw material is in the center position of the lower die, and a relatively balanced flash is formed when the upper die is closed forging to ensure that the space in the forging die is completely filled. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of an upper die and a lower die in a forging die proposed by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the upper die and lower die in a forging die proposed by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of a lower die and a ring body in a forging die proposed by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of a guide plate in a forging die proposed by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of a correction plate in a forging die proposed by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a correction plate in a forging die proposed by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of the cross section of a correction plate in a forging die proposed by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure between the second rotating shaft and the second transmission wheel in a forging die proposed by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 9 for Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure from another perspective.

[0037] In the figure: 1. Upper mold; 2. Lower mold; 3. Slide groove; 4. Correction plate; 5. Limit groove; 6. Limit block; 7. Ring groove; 8. Ring body; 9. Guide plate; 10. First rounded end; 11. Second rounded end; 12. Straight surface; 13. Concave arc surface; 14. First circular groove; 15. First circular plate; 16. First rotating shaft; 17. Module; 18. Horizontal groove; 19. Vertical groove; 20. Insert rod; 21. Second circular groove; 22. Second circular plate; 23. Rubber ring; 24. Transfer chamber; 25. First transfer wheel; 26. Second transfer wheel; 27. Conveyor belt; 28. One-way wheel; 29. Stop groove; 30. Baffle; 31. Guide block; 32. Guide groove; 33. Second rotating shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Reference Attachment Figure 1 -Attached Figure 9 , a forging die, comprising:

[0040] Upper die 1 and lower die 2;

[0041] Four chutes 3 are equidistantly arranged on the top surface of the lower die 2;

[0042] Four correction plates 4 are slidably connected to each chute 3;

[0043] When the round rod-shaped raw material is placed in the lower mold 2 , thrust is applied to the four correction plates 4 at the same time, so that the four correction plates 4 are synchronously moved closer to the round rod-shaped raw material until the raw material is located at the center of the lower mold 2 .

[0044] Through the above technical solution, any two adjacent correction plates 4 are arranged perpendicular to each other, and approach and push the round rod-shaped raw material synchronously. When the four correction plates 4 can no longer push, the round rod-shaped raw material is in the center position of the lower die 2, and a relatively balanced burr is formed when the upper die 1 is closed forging to ensure that the space in the forging die is completely filled.

[0045] A limiting groove 5 is provided on the correction plate 4 , and a limiting block 6 is slidably connected in the limiting groove 5 . The limiting block 6 is fixedly connected to the lower die 2 to limit the correction plate 4 so that it cannot escape from the slide groove 3 .

[0046] An annular groove 7 is provided on the top surface of the lower die 2, and the annular groove 7 is connected to the slide groove 3. A ring body 8 is slidably provided in the annular groove 7. The inner ring of the ring body 8 is fixedly connected to four guide plates 9 arranged equidistantly around the circumference. The guide plate 9 has a straight surface 12 and a concave arc surface 13. Both sides of the correction plate 4 are rounded to form a first rounded end 10 close to the raw material and a second rounded end 11 away from the raw material. The concave arc surface 13 fits with the second rounded end 11.

[0047] Before forging, the round bar-shaped raw material is in a high-temperature state, which facilitates the plastic deformation of the upper and lower dies 1 and 2 when they are closed. However, during the forging process, the four correction plates 4, which are in contact with the high-temperature raw material, will inevitably accumulate a small amount of cooling residue, causing the correction plates 4 to lengthen. Such a small accumulation will cause the lengths of the four correction plates 4 to vary over time, resulting in deviations in the center correction of the round bar-shaped raw material, and further causing uneven flash in the subsequent process. Therefore, the following improvements are made:

[0048] A first circular groove 14 is provided at the first rounded end 10, and a first circular plate 15 is slidably arranged in the first circular groove 14. The first circular groove 14 and the first circular plate 15 have the same diameter. The first circular plate 15 is coaxially fixedly connected with a first rotating shaft 16, and the first rotating shaft 16 is rotatably connected to the first circular groove 14, wherein the first circular plate 15 partially extends out of the first rounded end 10 and conflicts with the round rod-shaped raw material.

[0049] Through the above technical solution, the first rounded end 10 that originally collides with the round rod-shaped raw material is replaced by the first circular plate 15 that collides with the round rod-shaped raw material, and the residue after cooling is accumulated on the outer edge of the first circular plate 15. After forging is completed, the first circular plate 15 can be rolled so that the residue accumulated on the first circular plate 15 is scraped off by the edge of the first circular groove 14 formed by the first rounded end 10, thereby preventing the residue from accumulating.

[0050] The lower mold 2 is divided into four modules 17, each module 17 has a transverse groove 18 and a longitudinal groove 19, the transverse groove 18 and the longitudinal groove 19 are vertically arranged and not connected to each other. When combined, the four modules 17 are tightly combined to form the lower mold 2 by inserting the matching insertion rod 20 into the transverse groove 18 and the longitudinal groove 19.

[0051] A second circular groove 21 is provided at the second rounded end 11 , and a second circular plate 22 is slidably provided in the second circular groove 21 . A rubber ring 23 is fixedly sleeved on the outer edge of the second circular plate 22 . A second rotating shaft 33 is coaxially fixedly connected to the second circular plate 22 . The second rotating shaft 33 is rotationally connected to the second circular groove 21 , and is transmission-connected to the first rotating shaft 16 .

[0052] A conveying chamber 24 is opened inside the correction plate 4, and the first rotating shaft 16 and the second rotating shaft 33 both extend into the conveying chamber 24. The first rotating shaft 16 located in the conveying chamber 24 is fixedly connected to the first conveying wheel 25, and the second rotating shaft 33 located in the conveying chamber 24 is connected to the second conveying wheel 26. The first conveying wheel 25 and the second conveying wheel 26 are connected by a conveyor belt 27.

[0053] The second rotating shaft 33 is fixedly connected to the second transmission wheel 26 , so that the first circular plate 15 and the second circular plate 22 rotate synchronously.

[0054] The second rotating shaft 33 is slidably connected to the one-way wheel 28, and the one-way wheel 28 has a blocking groove 29. The blocking groove 29 is slidably connected to the baffle 30, and the baffle 30 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second rotating shaft 33. The inner ring of the second transmission wheel 26 is rotatably and slidably connected to the outer wall of the second rotating shaft 33. A one-way structure is set between the one-way wheel 28 and the second transmission wheel 26 to enable the second transmission wheel 26 to rotate in only one direction.

[0055] One-way structures include:

[0056] The guide block 31 is in the shape of a right triangle and is fixed to the side of the one-way wheel 28 facing the second transmission wheel 26;

[0057] The guide groove 32 is in the shape of a right triangle and is provided on the side of the second transmission wheel 26 facing the one-way wheel 28 , and is adapted to the guide block 31 .

[0058] It should be noted that:

[0059] The materials used in the preparation of the structures such as the four correction plates 4 and the four first circular plates 15 that are in direct contact with the high-temperature round rod-shaped raw materials in the technical solution of this application are the same as those used in the upper mold 1 and the lower mold 2, and their melting points are higher than the raw materials;

[0060] When the rubber ring 23 contacts the inner ring of the ring body 8, the first circular plate 15 completely enters the interior of the chute 3, and does not form any concave area on the blank itself after forging;

[0061] The diameter of the first circular plate 15 is the same as the diameter of the first circular groove 14 , and the diameter of the second circular plate 22 and the rubber ring 23 added together is smaller than the diameter of the second circular groove 21 ;

[0062] The internal space of the mold is reasonably arranged so that the four correction plates 4 contact the round rod-shaped raw material at a position half of its height, which can ensure complete control of the round rod-shaped raw material.

[0063] Working principle:

[0064] The four modules 17 are combined to form the lower die 2, and the insert rods 20 are inserted into the transverse grooves 18 and the longitudinal grooves 19 to fix the modules 17. The high-temperature round rod-shaped raw material is moved into the lower die 2. An external force is applied to push the straight surface 12 of the guide plate 9 to cause the guide plate 9 and the ring body 8 to start rotating. The concave arc surface 13 of the rotating guide plate 9 guides the second circular plate 22 to rotate. The second transmission wheel 26 rotates through the transmission of the second rotating shaft 33, the one-way wheel 28 and the guide block 31. The first circular plate 15 rotates through the transmission of the conveyor belt 27, the first transmission wheel 25 and the first rotating shaft 16. The first rounded end 10 forms the edge of the first circular groove 14 to scrape off the residue attached to the outer edge of the first circular plate 15.

[0065] Due to the external force, the four correction plates 4 are synchronously moved away from the ring body 8 and then hit the raw material in the lower mold 2 until the external force applied to the guide plate 9 can no longer make the ring body 8 rotate and then stops. At this time, the hot round rod-shaped raw material is located at the center of the mold space of the lower mold 2.

[0066] The forging equipment is used to press the upper die 1 downward corresponding to the lower die 2, and the round rod-shaped raw material in the die is plastically deformed and gradually fills the cavity in the die. During the plastic deformation process, the raw material will push the correction plate 4 to move in the direction close to the ring body 8. The second circular plate 22 in the moving state contacts with the guide plate 9 and rotates. The rotational movement at this moment is opposite to the rotational movement direction when the correction plate 4 moves away from the ring body 8. The guide block 31 overcomes the gravity of the one-way wheel 28 and slides out through the inclined surface of the guide groove 32. The one-way wheel 28 pushes up and disengages from the second transmission wheel 26. The second transmission wheel 26 does not rotate until the rubber ring 23 on the correction plate 4 contacts the ring body 8 and stops.

[0067] After forging is completed, the upper die 1 is separated from the lower die 2, and then all the insertion rods 20 inserted in the lower die 2 are taken out in sequence, so that the four modules 17 of the lower die 2 are separated and the forged blank is taken out.

[0068] The present invention is conceived to:

[0069] In order to make the flash on the blank after forging more balanced, the round rod-shaped raw material is determined to be in the center of the lower die 2 before forging, and four circumferentially equidistantly arranged correction plates 4 can be used to synchronously move closer to or away from the center to push and control the round rod-shaped raw material to be in the center;

[0070] During forging, the upper die 1 presses down on the lower die 2, causing the round rod-shaped raw material therein to begin plastic deformation. The four correction plates 4 that are in contact with it remain in contact with each other, and residues tend to accumulate on the first circular plate 15. When an external force is applied to actively move the correction plates 4, that is, when the correction plates 4 approach the center position, the first circular plate 15 rotates, scraping off the residues attached to it and keeping the four correction plates 4 of the same length.

[0071] When the round rod-shaped raw material begins to plastically deform, it will push the four correction plates 4 closer to the ring body 8. The correction plates 4 are passively moved by the push of the deformed raw material. The one-way structure allows the second circular plate 22 to rotate while the first circular plate 15 does not rotate, avoiding wear caused by friction between the first circular plate 15 and the raw material due to rotation during the deformation process, thereby increasing the service life of the correction plates 4 and the structures thereon.

[0072] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A forging die, characterized in that: include: an upper die (1) and a lower die (2); Four slide grooves (3) are equidistantly arranged on the top surface of the lower die (2); Four correction plates (4) are slidably connected to the respective chutes (3); When the round rod-shaped raw material is placed in the lower die (2), thrust is applied to the four correction plates (4) at the same time, so that the four correction plates (4) are synchronously moved toward the round rod-shaped raw material until the raw material is located at the center of the lower die (2); Both sides of the correction plate (4) are rounded to form a first rounded end (10) close to the raw material and a second rounded end (11) away from the raw material; A first circular groove (14) is provided at the first rounded end (10), a first circular plate (15) is slidably provided in the first circular groove (14), the first circular groove (14) and the first circular plate (15) have the same diameter, the first circular plate (15) is coaxially fixedly connected to a first rotating shaft (16), the first rotating shaft (16) and the first circular groove (14) are rotatably connected, wherein a portion of the first circular plate (15) extends out of the first rounded end (10) and contacts the round rod-shaped raw material; A second circular groove (21) is provided at the second rounded end (11), a second circular plate (22) is slidably provided in the second circular groove (21), a rubber ring (23) is fixedly sleeved on the outer edge of the second circular plate (22), a second rotating shaft (33) is fixedly connected to the second circular plate (22) coaxially, the second rotating shaft (33) is rotationally connected to the second circular groove (21), and the second rotating shaft (33) is transmission-connected to the first rotating shaft (16); A transmission chamber (24) is opened inside the correction plate (4), and the first rotating shaft (16) and the second rotating shaft (33) both extend into the transmission chamber (24). The first rotating shaft (16) located in the transmission chamber (24) is fixedly connected to the first transmission wheel (25), and the second rotating shaft (33) located in the transmission chamber (24) is connected to the second transmission wheel (26). The first transmission wheel (25) and the second transmission wheel (26) are connected by a transmission belt (27).

2. A forging die according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting groove (5) is provided on the correction plate (4), a limiting block (6) is slidably connected in the limiting groove (5), and the limiting block (6) is fixedly connected to the lower die (2).

3. A forging die according to claim 1, characterized in that: An annular groove (7) is provided on the top surface of the lower die (2), and the annular groove (7) is connected to the slide groove (3). A ring body (8) is slidably provided in the annular groove (7), and the inner ring of the ring body (8) is fixedly connected to four guide plates (9) arranged equidistantly around the circumference. The guide plates (9) have a straight surface (12) and a concave arc surface (13). Both sides of the correction plate (4) are rounded to form a first rounded end (10) close to the raw material and a second rounded end (11) away from the raw material, and the concave arc surface (13) is in contact with the second rounded end (11).

4. A forging die according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower mold (2) is divided into four modules (17), each module (17) is provided with a transverse groove (18) and a longitudinal groove (19), the transverse groove (18) and the longitudinal groove (19) are vertically arranged and are not connected to each other. When assembled, the four modules (17) are tightly combined to form the lower mold (2) by inserting the adapted insertion rod (20) into the transverse groove (18) and the longitudinal groove (19).

5. A forging die according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second rotating shaft (33) is slidably connected to a one-way wheel (28), a retaining groove (29) is provided on the one-way wheel (28), a retaining groove (29) is slidably connected to a baffle (30), the baffle (30) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second rotating shaft (33), the inner ring of the second transmission wheel (26) is rotatably and slidably connected to the outer wall of the second rotating shaft (33), and a one-way structure is provided between the one-way wheel (28) and the second transmission wheel (26).

6. A forging die according to claim 5, characterized in that: One-way structures include: A guide block (31) is in the shape of a right triangle and is fixed on the side of the one-way wheel (28) facing the second transmission wheel (26); The guide groove (32) is in the shape of a right triangle and is provided on the side of the second transmission wheel (26) facing the one-way wheel (28) and is adapted to the guide block (31).

7. A forging method, using the forging die according to any one of claims 1 to 6 to determine the position of a round rod-shaped raw material in the forging die, characterized in that: The steps are as follows: A round rod-shaped raw material is placed in a lower die (2) in a forging die; Apply an external force to push the straight surface (12) of any guide plate (9), so that the four guide plates (9) and the ring body (8) begin to rotate; The rotating guide plate (9) guides the correction plate (4) to move toward the round rod-shaped raw material through its concave arc surface (13), thereby pushing the round rod-shaped raw material to move in the lower die (2); Until the correction plate (4) cannot move, it is determined that the round rod-shaped raw material is located at the center of the forging die.

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