Numerical control machining device for hinge parts

Abstract

A numerical control machining device for hinge parts comprises a machining mechanism for conducting rough machining and finish machining on the front faces and the back faces of the hinge parts to be machined and a process mechanism for machining holes in the hinge parts to be machined, and in the machining mechanism, a process boss used for containing the hinge parts to be machined is installed on the upper surface of a positioning clamping fixture in an attached mode; machining datum holes are formed in the two ends of the technological boss; in the process mechanism, a plurality of supporting blocks fixed to a pressing plate are installed on one side of a base, a plurality of guiding blocks are installed on the other side of the base, a replaceable lining is arranged in each guiding block, positioning cushion blocks are arranged between the supporting blocks and the guiding blocks, and positioning guiding blocks are installed at the two ends of each positioning cushion block respectively. A guide sleeve is mounted on the positioning guide block on one side of the guide block; one end of the pressing piece makes contact with the base, the other end of the pressing piece is installed in the middle of the pressing plate, and the pressing spring is arranged on the pressing piece between the base and the pressing plate in a sleeving mode. The hinge part can be quickly positioned and clamped, and the machining efficiency of hinge holes is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of numerical control machining, and in particular to a numerical control machining device for hinge parts. Background Art

[0002] Hinge parts are widely used in different types of aircraft. Door hinges are important connecting and load-bearing components between the cabin and cargo compartment doors of large aircraft and the fuselage frame, and are closely related to the opening and closing, sealing, and load-bearing of the doors. In addition, the holes of hinge parts used in large aircraft have high requirements for accuracy, coaxiality, and position. When processing such hinge parts, many process equipment are used, the processing accuracy is difficult to guarantee, and the processing qualification rate is low. Therefore, for such hinge parts, a set of devices that meet the structural characteristics and processing characteristics of such parts need to be designed to meet the efficient mass production of such parts. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a CNC machining device for hinge parts to solve the problems in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0004] The technical problem solved by the present invention is achieved by adopting the following technical solutions: A CNC machining device for hinge parts, comprising a machining mechanism for clamping hinge parts to be machined for rough and fine machining on both sides and a process mechanism for machining holes of hinge parts to be machined, wherein the machining mechanism comprises a positioning clamping fixture and a process boss, wherein the process boss is fitted on the upper surface of the positioning clamping fixture, a plurality of semi-enclosed receiving grooves for placing hinge parts to be machined are arranged on the process boss, and machining reference holes are arranged at both ends of the process boss respectively for inserting positioning pins to mount the hinge parts to be machined on the positioning clamping fixture; The process mechanism includes a clamping spring, a positioning pad, a base, a guide sleeve, a guide block, a pressure plate, a clamping piece, a support block, a positioning guide block and a replaceable bushing. Multiple support blocks are installed on one side of the base, and multiple guide blocks are installed on the other side of the base. A replaceable bushing is arranged in each guide block. The positioning pad for positioning the hinge parts to be processed is arranged between the support block and the guide block. Positioning guide blocks are respectively installed at both ends of the positioning pad, and a guide sleeve is installed on the positioning guide block located on one side of the guide block; a pressure plate is fixed on the support block, and the other end of the pressure plate is located above the hinge parts to be processed placed in the positioning pad; one end of the clamping piece is in contact with the base, and the other end of the clamping piece is installed in the middle of the pressure plate, and the compression spring is sleeved on the clamping piece located between the base and the pressure plate.

[0005] In the present invention, a clamping hole is provided on the process boss, a clamping bolt is clamped in the clamping hole, and the clamping force between the hinge part to be processed and the process boss is adjusted by the clamping bolt.

[0006] In the present invention, the positioning guide block comprises an upper mounting block and a lower mounting block, the guide sleeve is mounted on the upper mounting block, and the positioning cushion block is mounted on the lower mounting block.

[0007] In the present invention, the pressing plate is composed of two connecting blocks and an adjusting plate, wherein one connecting block is fixed on the supporting block, the clamping bolt is installed in the middle of the adjusting plate, and the other connecting block is located above the hinge parts to be processed.

[0008] In the present invention, positioning pins for aligning the process mechanism are respectively arranged at both ends of the guide block.

[0009] In the present invention, the clamping member is a clamping bolt.

[0010] The CNC machining method using a CNC machining device for hinge parts has the following specific steps: (I) Clamp the hinge parts to be processed and perform rough and fine processing on the front and back sides Step 1) Clamp the hinge parts to be processed First, the process boss is attached to the upper surface of the positioning clamping fixture, and then the positioning pin is inserted into the processing reference hole set on the process boss. By adopting the two-hole-one-face positioning method, hinge parts of different specifications and sizes to be processed are installed on the positioning clamping fixture. Finally, the clamping bolt is clamped in the clamping hole set on the process boss to adjust the clamping force between the hinge parts to be processed and the positioning clamping fixture. Step 2) Rough and fine machining of the front surface of the hinge parts to be processed Then install the positioning fixture for the hinge parts to be processed in step 1) on the machine tool, use an indexable fast-feed milling cutter for rough processing, reserve process allowance for the hinge parts to be processed after rough processing, use a solid carbide milling cutter for material removal during front finishing, and use the finishing process boss surface as the back processing reference; avoid milling the hinge parts to be processed by the tool center, and use a spiral or oblique cutting method during the processing; Step 3) Turn over and position the hinge parts to be processed Turn over the hinge parts to be processed that have completed the rough and fine processing on the front side in step 2), and position and clamp them. The clamping method is the same as step 1); Step 4) Rough and fine machining of the back side of the hinge parts to be processed Then install the positioning fixture for the hinge parts to be processed in step 3) on the machine tool, use an indexable fast-feed milling cutter for rough processing, reserve process allowance for the hinge parts to be processed after rough processing, and use a solid carbide milling cutter for material removal during front finishing; avoid milling the hinge parts to be processed in the center of the tool, and use a spiral or oblique cutting method during the processing; (II) Processing holes of hinge parts to be processed Fix the base on the machine tool, calibrate the positioning pins on the guide block, straighten the process mechanism to ensure straightness, and then position and clamp the machine as follows: a. Install the hinge parts to be processed that have been processed in step (i) on the positioning pad, and then fix the pressure plate through the support block set on the base, and then adjust the clamping force between the hinge parts to be processed and the positioning pad through the clamping spring and the clamping bolt, and fit the hinge parts to be processed on the positioning pad to preliminarily ensure the position of the hinge parts to be processed in the Y direction and the Z direction; b. Adjust the end face of the hinge part to be processed to fit with the positioning guide block to ensure the positioning of the hinge part in the X direction. The drill of the machine tool drills the hinge part through the guide block and the guide sleeve to ensure the initial hole position of the part. The initial hole of the part is guided by the replaceable bushing between the ear plate grooves to ensure that the center of the drilled hole does not deviate. The hinge part is drilled again. The dimensional accuracy and coaxiality of the part hole are ensured by replacing the replaceable bushing to expand the hole and bore the hole; thereby realizing the processing of hinge parts. Beneficial Effects

[0011] 1) The present invention provides a mass production solution for aircraft hinge parts. The adjustable modular device can effectively solve the hole processing of hinge parts of various sizes; 2) The present invention can quickly realize the positioning and clamping of hinge parts, reduce the time for workers to correct the straightness of parts and clamp and align, and effectively improve the machining efficiency of hinge holes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of positioning and clamping hinge parts to be processed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the drilling and clamping of hinge parts to be processed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below with reference to specific diagrams.

[0015] See also Figures 1-2A CNC machining device for hinge parts, including a machining mechanism for clamping hinge parts to be machined for rough and fine machining on the front and back sides and a process mechanism for machining holes of hinge parts to be machined, the machining mechanism includes a positioning clamping fixture 1, a hinge part No. 1 to be machined 2, a hinge part No. 2 to be machined 3, a hinge part No. 3 to be machined 4, a process boss 5, a positioning pin 6 and a clamping bolt 7, wherein the upper surface of the positioning clamping fixture 1 is fitted with a process boss 5, and a plurality of semi-enclosed accommodating grooves are arranged on the process boss 5, and a number of semi-enclosed accommodating grooves are arranged on the process boss 5. The hinge parts 2 to be processed, the hinge parts 3 to be processed No. 2, and the hinge parts 4 to be processed No. 3 are placed in the semi-enclosed receiving groove, and processing reference holes are respectively provided at both ends of the process boss 5. The positioning pins 6 are inserted into the processing reference holes to install the hinge parts 2 to be processed No. 1, the hinge parts 3 to be processed No. 2, and the hinge parts 4 to be processed No. 3 on the positioning clamping fixture 1. The process boss 5 is provided with a clamping hole, and a clamping bolt 7 is clamped in the clamping hole. The clamping force between the hinge parts to be processed and the process boss 5 is adjusted by the clamping bolt 7; The process mechanism includes a compression spring 8, a positioning pad 9, a base 10, a guide sleeve 11, a left positioning pin 12, a guide block 13, a workpiece 14, a pressure plate 15, a compression bolt 16, a support block 17, a positioning guide block 18, a right positioning pin 19 and a replaceable bushing 20. Three support blocks 17 are installed on one side of the base 10, and a plurality of guide blocks 13 are installed on the other side of the base 10. A replaceable bushing 20 is arranged in each guide block 13, and a positioning pad 9 for positioning the workpiece 14 is arranged between the support block 17 and the guide block 13. The positioning pad 9 has two The ends are respectively installed with positioning guide blocks 18, and a guide sleeve 11 is installed on the positioning guide block 18 located on one side of the guide block 13; a left positioning pin 12 is provided at one end of the guide block 13, and a right positioning pin 19 is provided at the other end of the guide block 13 for straightening the process mechanism; a pressure plate 15 is fixed on the support block 17, and the other end of the pressure plate 15 is located above the workpiece 14; one end of the clamping bolt 16 is in contact with the base 10, and the other end of the clamping bolt 16 is installed in the middle of the pressure plate 15, and the clamping spring 8 is sleeved on the clamping bolt 16 located between the base 10 and the pressure plate 15.

[0016] In this embodiment, the positioning guide block 18 includes an upper mounting block and a lower mounting block, the guide sleeve 11 is mounted on the upper mounting block, and the positioning cushion block 9 is mounted on the lower mounting block.

[0017] In this embodiment, the pressure plate 15 is composed of two connecting blocks and an adjusting plate, wherein one connecting block is fixed on the supporting block 17 , the clamping bolt 16 is installed in the middle of the adjusting plate, and the other connecting block is located above the workpiece 14 .

[0018] The CNC machining method using a CNC machining device for hinge parts has the following specific steps: (I) Clamp the hinge parts to be processed and perform rough and fine processing on the front and back sides Step 1) Clamp the hinge parts to be processed First, the process boss 5 is fitted on the surface of the positioning and clamping fixture 1, and then the positioning pin 6 is inserted into the processing reference hole set on the process boss 5. By adopting the positioning method of two holes on one side, the hinge parts 2, 3 and 4 of different specifications and sizes to be processed are installed on the positioning and clamping fixture 1. Finally, the clamping bolt 7 is clamped in the clamping hole set on the process boss 5 to adjust the clamping force between the hinge parts 2, 3 and 4 to be processed and the positioning and clamping fixture to ensure that the hinge parts to be processed fit together, so that one set of fixtures can meet the clamping requirements of various hinge parts. Step 2) Rough and fine machining of the front surface of the hinge parts to be processed Then, the positioning fixture 1 for clamping the hinge parts to be processed in step 1) is installed on the machine tool, and a fast-feed indexable milling cutter is used for rough processing. After rough processing, a process allowance is reserved for the hinge parts to be processed. The solid carbide milling cutter is used for the material removal amount during the front surface finishing, and the surface of the finishing process boss is used as the back surface processing reference; the center of the tool is prevented from milling the hinge parts to be processed, and the processing process adopts a spiral or oblique cutting method; Step 3) Turn over and position the hinge parts to be processed Turn over the hinge part to be processed which has completed the front rough and fine processing in step 2), and position and clamp it. The clamping method is the same as step 1); Step 4) Rough and fine machining of the back side of the hinge parts to be processed Then, the positioning fixture 1 for clamping the hinge parts to be processed in step 3) is installed on the machine tool, and a fast-feed indexable milling cutter is used for rough processing. After rough processing, a process allowance is reserved for the hinge parts to be processed, and a solid carbide milling cutter is used for material removal during front finishing. The center of the tool is prevented from milling the hinge parts to be processed, and a spiral or oblique cutting method is used during the processing; (II) Processing holes of hinge parts to be processed Fix the base 10 on the machine tool, calibrate the left positioning pin 12 and the right positioning pin 19, straighten the process mechanism, ensure the straightness, and then position and clamp the processing in the following way: a. Install the workpiece 14 processed in step (i) on the positioning pad 9, and then fix the pressing plate 15 by the support block 17 provided on the base 10, and then adjust the clamping force between the workpiece 14 and the positioning pad 9 by the clamping spring 8 and the clamping bolt 16, and fit the workpiece 14 on the positioning pad 9 to preliminarily ensure the position of the workpiece 14 in the Y direction and the Z direction; b. Adjust the end face of the workpiece 14 to fit with the positioning guide block 18 to ensure the positioning of the workpiece 14 in the X direction. The drill of the machine tool drills the workpiece 14 through the guide block 13 and the guide sleeve 11 to ensure the position of the initial hole of the part. The initial hole of the part is secondary guided by the replaceable bushing 20 between the ear piece grooves to ensure that the center of the drilled hole is not offset. Drill the hinge parts again, expand the drill hole and ream the hole by replacing the replaceable bushing 20 to ensure the dimensional accuracy and coaxiality of the part hole; thereby realizing the processing of hinge parts.

[0019] In this embodiment, according to the size of the workpiece 14, the clamping of ear slots of different sizes and specifications can be achieved by replacing and adjusting different guide blocks 13, adjusting the guide sleeve 11, support block 17, pressure plate 15, clamping spring 8 and clamping bolt 16, and by replacing the size of the replaceable bushing 20, the holes of parts of different sizes can be drilled, expanded and reamed to precise sizes, thereby realizing modular configuration to meet the clamping requirements of various hinge parts.

[0020] In this embodiment, for the convenience of description during the process of processing the holes of the hinge-type parts to be processed in step (ii), any one or more of the hinge-type parts No. 1 to be processed 2, the hinge-type parts No. 2 to be processed 3, and the hinge-type parts No. 3 to be processed 4 that have completed the rough and fine processing on the front and back sides in step (i) are collectively referred to as workpieces 14.

Claims

1. A CNC machining device for hinge parts, comprising a machining mechanism for clamping hinge parts to be machined for rough and fine machining on the front and back surfaces and a process mechanism for machining holes of hinge parts to be machined, characterized in that: The processing mechanism includes a positioning clamping fixture and a process boss, wherein the process boss is fitted on the upper surface of the positioning clamping fixture, and a plurality of semi-enclosed receiving grooves for placing hinge parts to be processed are arranged on the process boss, and processing reference holes for inserting positioning pins to install the hinge parts to be processed on the positioning clamping fixture are respectively arranged at both ends of the process boss; The process mechanism includes a clamping spring, a positioning pad, a base, a guide sleeve, a guide block, a pressure plate, a clamping piece, a support block, a positioning guide block and a replaceable bushing. Multiple support blocks are installed on one side of the base, and multiple guide blocks are installed on the other side of the base. A replaceable bushing is arranged in each guide block. The positioning pad for positioning the hinge parts to be processed is arranged between the support block and the guide block. Positioning guide blocks are respectively installed at both ends of the positioning pad, and a guide sleeve is installed on the positioning guide block located on one side of the guide block; a pressure plate is fixed on the support block, and the other end of the pressure plate is located above the hinge parts to be processed placed in the positioning pad; one end of the clamping piece is in contact with the base, and the other end of the clamping piece is installed in the middle of the pressure plate, and the compression spring is sleeved on the clamping piece located between the base and the pressure plate.

2. A CNC machining device for hinge parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: A clamping hole is arranged on the process boss, and a clamping bolt is clamped in the clamping hole.

3. The CNC machining device for hinge parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning guide block comprises an upper mounting block and a lower mounting block, the guide sleeve is mounted on the upper mounting block, and the positioning cushion block is mounted on the lower mounting block.

4. The CNC machining device for hinge parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure plate consists of two connecting blocks and an adjusting plate, one of which is fixed on the supporting block, the clamping bolt is installed in the middle of the adjusting plate, and the other connecting block is located above the hinge parts to be processed.

5. The CNC machining device for hinge parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the guide block are respectively provided with positioning pins for aligning the process mechanism.

6. The CNC machining device for hinge parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping piece is a clamping bolt.

7. A method for CNC machining of hinge parts using a CNC machining device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The specific steps are as follows: (I) Clamp the hinge parts to be processed and perform rough and fine processing on the front and back sides Step 1) Clamp the hinge parts to be processed First, the process boss is attached to the upper surface of the positioning clamping fixture, and then the positioning pin is inserted into the processing reference hole set on the process boss. By adopting the two-hole-one-face positioning method, hinge parts of different specifications and sizes to be processed are installed on the positioning clamping fixture. Finally, the clamping bolt is clamped in the clamping hole set on the process boss to adjust the clamping force between the hinge parts to be processed and the positioning clamping fixture. Step 2) Rough and fine machining of the front surface of the hinge parts to be processed Then, the positioning fixture clamping the hinge parts to be processed in step 1) is installed on the machine tool, and a fast-feed milling cutter with indexable position is used for rough processing. The hinge parts to be processed after rough processing are reserved for process allowance, and the solid carbide milling cutter is used for material removal during front surface finishing. The surface of the finishing process boss is used as the back surface processing reference; Step 3) Turn over and position the hinge parts to be processed Turn over the hinge parts to be processed that have completed the rough and fine processing on the front side in step 2), and position and clamp them. The clamping method is the same as step 1); Step 4) Rough and fine machining of the back side of the hinge parts to be processed Then, the positioning fixture for clamping the hinge parts to be processed in step 3) is installed on the machine tool, and a fast-feed milling cutter with indexable position is used for rough processing. After rough processing, a process allowance is reserved for the hinge parts to be processed, and a solid carbide milling cutter is used for material removal during front surface finishing. (II) Processing holes of hinge parts to be processed Fix the base on the machine tool, calibrate the positioning pins on the guide block, straighten the process mechanism, and then position and clamp the machine as follows: a. Install the hinge parts to be processed that have been processed in step (i) on the positioning pad, and then fix the pressure plate through the support block set on the base, and then adjust the clamping force between the hinge parts to be processed and the positioning pad through the clamping spring and the clamping bolt, and fit the hinge parts to be processed on the positioning pad to preliminarily ensure the position of the hinge parts to be processed in the Y direction and the Z direction; b. Adjust the end face of the hinge part to be processed to fit with the positioning guide block to ensure the positioning of the hinge part in the X direction. The drill of the machine tool drills the hinge part through the guide block and the guide sleeve to ensure the position of the initial hole of the part. The initial hole of the part is guided by the replaceable bushing between the ear piece grooves to ensure that the center of the drilled hole does not deviate. The hinge part is drilled again to achieve the processing of the hinge part.

8. A method for CNC machining of hinge parts using a CNC machining device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step 2) and step 4), the milling process adopts a spiral or oblique cutting method.

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