Large-scale prebaked anode production method based on 26h roasting movement period

Abstract

The invention provides a large prebaked anode production method based on a 26h roasting movement period, which comprises the following steps of: A, preheating a large prebaked anode in a sealed furnace chamber, feeding the large prebaked anode into a 1p furnace chamber, heating the large prebaked anode in the 1p furnace chamber for 26 hours or 52 hours, and then feeding the large prebaked anode into a 2p furnace chamber; b, the large prebaked anode continues to be heated for 26 hours in the 2p furnace chamber and is sequentially fed into furnace chambers in the subsequent heating stage to be heated for 26 hours; c, the large prebaked anode is heated in the X + 1 furnace chamber and then fed into the X + 2 furnace chamber; d, heating the large prebaked anode in the X + 2 furnace chamber, keeping the temperature and staying for 26 hours, and sequentially feeding the large prebaked anode into the subsequent furnace chamber for 26 hours of high-temperature sintering treatment; and E, sequentially feeding into each cooling furnace chamber, cooling for 26 hours, and discharging from the furnace. On the premise of ensuring the product quality and not increasing the energy consumption, the yield is further improved, and the production cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum smelting, and in particular to a large-scale prebaked anode production method based on a 26-hour roasting movement cycle. Background Art

[0002] Prebaked anode is made of petroleum coke and asphalt coke as aggregates and coal tar as binder, and is used as anode material for prebaked aluminum electrolytic cells. This carbon block has been baked and has a stable geometric shape, so it is also called prebaked anode carbon block, and is also customarily called carbon anode for aluminum electrolysis. The aluminum electrolytic cell using prebaked anode carbon blocks as anodes is called prebaked anode electrolytic cell, or prebaked cell for short, which is a modern large-scale aluminum electrolytic cell. The production of anode carbon blocks is made of petroleum coke as raw material and coal tar as binder, and is processed and manufactured through processes such as petroleum coke calcination, medium crushing, screening, fine crushing, asphalt melting, batching, kneading, molding, and baking.

[0003] The open ring anode baking furnace is the most commonly used heat treatment kiln in the production process of pre-baked anodes. The ring baking furnace (consists of several furnace chambers with the same structure arranged in double rows, where the two rows of end furnace chambers are connected by connecting flues to form a head-to-end connection. It operates according to a moving flame system to perform baking heat treatment on pressed raw products.

[0004] At present, pre-baked anode baking furnaces for cell dissolution above 500KA generally adopt a flame movement cycle process of 30 hours or more. This process has a long flame movement cycle and low baking furnace production capacity, which is not conducive to improving the labor productivity and production profit of the enterprise, and affects the further development of the enterprise. The inventor has previously applied for a patent "CN115353393B-A large-scale pre-baked anode production method", which discloses a 28-hour movement cycle process, which improves labor productivity and production profit. Based on the further improvement requirements of production efficiency and profit margin, it is necessary to further develop a large-scale pre-baked anode production method with a shorter movement cycle time. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to provide a large-scale prebaked anode production method based on a 26-hour roasting movement cycle. The method uses a 26-hour flame movement cycle process technology without changing existing raw materials and key equipment, thereby achieving anode roasting furnaces that further increase output and reduce production costs while ensuring product quality and not increasing energy consumption.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] The large-scale prebaked anode production method based on a 26h baking movement cycle;

[0008] The large-scale prebaked anode production is carried out by an anode baking furnace, and the furnace chamber of the anode baking furnace is divided into a heating section, a high-temperature sintering section, and a cooling section according to the production stage, wherein the heating section is provided with X heating stage furnace chambers connected in sequence, the high-temperature sintering section is provided with Y high-temperature sintering stage furnace chambers connected in sequence, and the cooling section is provided with Z cooling furnace chambers connected in sequence; X=3-5, Y=3-4, Z≥8;

[0009] A combustion rack is set in each furnace chamber of the high-temperature sintering stage; a main smoke exhaust rack is set in the first furnace chamber of the temperature rise stage, namely the 1p furnace chamber; an auxiliary smoke exhaust rack is added in the sealed furnace chamber adjacent to the 1p furnace chamber. At the beginning of the equipment operation, the valves corresponding to each fire channel in the auxiliary smoke exhaust rack are closed;

[0010] The production method comprises the following steps:

[0011] A. After being preheated in a sealed furnace chamber, the large prebaked anode enters the 1p furnace chamber. In the 1p furnace chamber, each fire channel is vacuum-extracted through the main exhaust rack, so that the high-temperature flue gas of each fire channel in the furnace chamber during the high-temperature sintering stage flows to each fire channel through each fire channel in the furnace chamber during each heating stage. The temperature of each fire channel is controlled by controlling the negative pressure of each fire channel. During the temperature control process, if the negative pressure provided by the main exhaust rack of any fire channel is insufficient, resulting in the temperature not meeting the standard, the valve of the corresponding fire channel on the auxiliary exhaust rack is opened to increase the negative pressure to extract the flue gas to ensure that its temperature meets the control curve;

[0012] The temperature rise target curve control process is as follows:

[0013] When the 1p furnace chamber is a normal furnace chamber, the temperature is raised for 26 hours; the reference target temperature is set according to the time period, and then the temperature of each fire channel is controlled based on each reference target temperature;

[0014] Among them, the target temperature of the side fire channel is 5℃-30℃ higher than the base target temperature of the fire channel, the target temperature of the fire channel adjacent to the middle material box is 5℃-20℃ higher than the base target temperature of the fire channel, and the target temperature of other fire channels is consistent with the base target temperature of the fire channel; the temperature targets for each period are set as follows:

[0015]

[0016] When the 1p furnace chamber is a curved furnace chamber, the temperature is raised for 52 hours; the reference target temperature is set according to the time period, and then the temperature of each fire channel is controlled based on each reference target temperature;

[0017] Among them, the target temperature of the side fire channel is 5℃-30℃ higher than the base target temperature of the fire channel, the target temperature of the fire channel adjacent to the middle material box is 5℃-20℃ higher than the base target temperature of the fire channel, and the target temperature of other fire channels is consistent with the base target temperature of the fire channel; the temperature targets for each period are set as follows:

[0018]

[0019] B. After the 1p temperature rise control is completed, it is sent to the second temperature rise stage furnace chamber, i.e., the 2p furnace chamber, to continue the temperature rise treatment for 26 hours, and then continue to be sent to the subsequent 3p-Xp temperature rise stage furnace chambers in sequence for 26 hours of temperature rise treatment, and then sent to the first high-temperature sintering stage furnace chamber, i.e., the X+1 furnace chamber; at the last moment of the Xp furnace chamber heating process, the Xp furnace chamber fire channel reference temperature target is 910-930℃, the side fire channel target temperature is 5℃-10℃ higher than the fire channel reference target temperature, and the middle material box adjacent fire channel target temperature is 5℃-20℃ higher than the fire channel reference target temperature, that is: the side fire channel temperature target is 915-940℃, the middle material box adjacent fire channel temperature target is 915-950℃, and the other fire channel temperature target is 910-930℃; C. The large prebaked anode is heated in the X+1 furnace chamber for 26 hours, and then sent to the second high-temperature sintering stage furnace chamber, i.e., the X+2 furnace chamber;

[0020] In the X+1 furnace chamber, the reference target temperature is set according to the time period, and then the temperature of each fire channel is controlled based on each reference target temperature;

[0021] Among them, the target temperature of the side fire channel is 5℃-10℃ higher than the base target temperature of the fire channel, the target temperature of the fire channel adjacent to the middle material box is 5℃-20℃ higher than the base target temperature of the fire channel, and the target temperature of other fire channels is consistent with the base target temperature of the fire channel;

[0022] The temperature rise target curve control process in the X+1 furnace chamber is shown in the following table:

[0023]

[0024] D. In the X+2 furnace chamber, the temperature of the side fire channel and the fire channel adjacent to the middle material box is raised to 1200℃ in the first 2 hours, and the temperature of other fire channels is raised to 1195℃. Then the heat preservation treatment is continued until the residence time in the X+2 furnace chamber reaches 26 hours. Then, the anode is successively sent to the subsequent X+3 to X+Y furnace chambers for 26 hours of high-temperature sintering treatment. In these furnace chambers, the temperature of the side fire channel and the fire channel adjacent to the middle material box is always maintained at 1200℃, and the temperature of other fire channels is always maintained at 1195℃.

[0025] E. After the high temperature sintering treatment in the X+Y furnace chamber is completed, the steel pieces are sequentially sent to each cooling furnace chamber for cooling treatment. The cooling treatment time in each cooling furnace chamber is 26 hours, and then they are taken out of the furnace.

[0026] When the 1p furnace chamber is a normal furnace chamber, the negative pressure of the side fire channel is -200 to -150Pa, the negative pressure of the fire channel adjacent to the middle material box is -155 to -125Pa, and the negative pressure of other fire channels is: -150 to -120Pa; when the 1p furnace chamber is a bending furnace chamber, the negative pressure of the side fire channel is -190 to -160Pa, the negative pressure of the fire channel adjacent to the middle material box is -165 to -135Pa, and the negative pressure of other fire channels is: -155 to -125Pa;

[0027] A blast rack is arranged at the cooling furnace chamber in the middle of the cooling section for blasting.

[0028] The fire channel is blasted in 2-3 cooling furnace chambers at the rear of the cooling section.

[0029] In the cooling furnace room for blowing air to the fire channel, a blower is respectively arranged corresponding to each fire channel, and each blower blows air to the corresponding fire channel respectively.

[0030] In the step E, the temperature of the anode coming out of the last cooling furnace is below 300°C.

[0031] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] The energy consumption of producing anodes by the method of the present invention is significantly reduced. It is verified by Example 1 that, compared with the original 28-hour mobile cycle process, the unit consumption of anode natural gas is lower, the production capacity is significantly improved, and the production capacity is improved by 7.14%. In addition, the roasting degree is more consistent, the anode is more homogeneous, and the physical and chemical indicators are better.

[0033] The method of the present invention optimizes the physical and chemical indicators and energy consumption of the anode produced without deteriorating the appearance, and significantly increases the output and reduces the production cost. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present invention is specifically described below in conjunction with embodiments.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] Large-scale prebaked anode production method based on 26h baking cycle;

[0037] The large-scale prebaked anode production is carried out by an anode baking furnace, and the furnace chamber of the anode baking furnace is divided into a heating section, a high-temperature sintering section, and a cooling section according to the production stage, wherein the heating section is provided with X heating stage furnace chambers connected in sequence, the high-temperature sintering section is provided with Y high-temperature sintering stage furnace chambers connected in sequence, and the cooling section is provided with Z cooling furnace chambers connected in sequence; X=4, Y=3, Z=9;

[0038] A combustion rack is set in each furnace chamber of the high-temperature sintering stage; a main smoke exhaust rack is set in the first furnace chamber of the temperature rise stage, namely the 1p furnace chamber; an auxiliary smoke exhaust rack is added in the sealed furnace chamber adjacent to the 1p furnace chamber. At the beginning of the equipment operation, the valves corresponding to each fire channel in the auxiliary smoke exhaust rack are in the closed state;

[0039] A blast rack is arranged at the cooling furnace chamber in the middle of the cooling section for blasting.

[0040] A blower is respectively arranged corresponding to each fire channel in the 6th and 8th cooling furnace chambers of the cooling section, and each blower blows air to the corresponding fire channel respectively.

[0041] The production method comprises the following steps:

[0042] A. After being preheated in a sealed furnace chamber, the large prebaked anode enters the 1p furnace chamber. In the 1p furnace chamber, each fire channel is vacuum-extracted through the main exhaust rack, so that the high-temperature flue gas of each fire channel in the furnace chamber during the high-temperature sintering stage flows to each fire channel through each fire channel in the furnace chamber during each heating stage. The temperature of each fire channel is controlled by controlling the negative pressure of each fire channel. During the temperature control process, if the negative pressure provided by the main exhaust rack of any fire channel is insufficient, resulting in the temperature not meeting the standard, the valve of the corresponding fire channel on the auxiliary exhaust rack is opened to increase the negative pressure to extract the flue gas to ensure that its temperature meets the control curve;

[0043] The temperature rise target curve control process is as follows:

[0044] When the 1p furnace chamber is a normal furnace chamber, the temperature is raised for 26 hours; the reference target temperature is set according to the time period, and then the temperature of each fire channel is controlled based on each reference target temperature;

[0045] Among them, the target temperature of the side fire channel is 20℃ higher than the base target temperature of the fire channel, the target temperature of the fire channel adjacent to the middle material box is 10℃ higher than the base target temperature of the fire channel, and the target temperature of other fire channels is consistent with the base target temperature of the fire channel; the temperature targets for each period are set as follows:

[0046]

[0047] The negative pressure of the side fire channel is -185~-165Pa, the negative pressure of the fire channel adjacent to the middle material box is -150~-135Pa, and the negative pressure of other fire channels is: -145~-130Pa;

[0048] B. After the 1p temperature rise control is completed, it is sent to the second temperature rise stage furnace chamber, i.e., the 2p furnace chamber, and continues to be heated for 26 hours, and then continues to be sent to the subsequent 3p-Xp temperature rise stage furnace chambers in sequence for 26 hours of temperature rise treatment, and then sent to the first high-temperature sintering stage furnace chamber, i.e., the X+1 furnace chamber; at the last moment of the Xp furnace chamber heating process, the Xp furnace chamber fire channel reference temperature target is 920°C, the side fire channel target temperature is 6°C higher than the fire channel reference target temperature, and the middle material box adjacent fire channel target temperature is 10°C higher than the fire channel reference target temperature, that is: the side fire channel temperature target is 926°C, the middle material box adjacent fire channel temperature target is 930°C, and the other fire channel temperature targets are 920°C;

[0049] C. The large prebaked anode is heated in the X+1 furnace chamber for 26 hours and then sent to the second high-temperature sintering stage furnace chamber, namely the X+2 furnace chamber;

[0050] In the X+1 furnace chamber, the reference target temperature is set according to the time period, and then the temperature of each fire channel is controlled based on each reference target temperature;

[0051] Among them, the target temperature of the side fire channel is 6°C higher than the base target temperature of the fire channel, the target temperature of the fire channel adjacent to the middle material box is 10°C higher than the base target temperature of the fire channel, and the target temperatures of other fire channels are consistent with the base target temperature of the fire channel;

[0052] The temperature rise target curve control process in the X+1 furnace chamber is shown in the following table:

[0053]

[0054] D. In the X+2 furnace chamber, the large prebaked anode is heated to 1200°C for the side fire channel and the fire channel adjacent to the middle material box in the first 1.5 hours, and the other fire channels are heated to 1195°C, and then kept warm for further treatment until the residence time in the X+2 furnace chamber reaches 26 hours, and then it is successively sent to the subsequent X+3 to X+Y furnace chambers for 26 hours of high-temperature sintering treatment. In these furnace chambers, the side fire channel and the fire channel adjacent to the middle material box are always kept at 1200°C, and the temperature of other fire channels is always kept at 1195°C;

[0055] E. After the high temperature sintering treatment in the X+Y furnace chamber is completed, the steel pieces are sequentially sent to each cooling furnace chamber for cooling treatment. The cooling treatment time in each cooling furnace chamber is 26 hours, and then they are taken out of the furnace.

[0056] In the step E, the temperature of the anode coming out of the last cooling furnace is below 300°C.

[0057] For 1p normal furnace chamber, after adopting this process, compared with the original 28-hour moving cycle process, there are improvements: (1) The appearance and physical and chemical index quality of the anode remain at a high level, with the appearance qualification rate reaching 99.64% and the physical and chemical index grade TY-1 or above rate reaching 95.28%. (2) The anode energy consumption is significantly reduced, and the anode natural gas consumption is reduced from 53.20m 3 / t reduced to 51.60m 3 / t, reaching the advanced level of similar furnaces in the industry. (3) Anode production capacity increased by 7.14%, with an additional 977t per month. (4) The degree of anode roasting between different fire channels is more consistent, and the anode is more homogeneous.

[0058] Example 2

[0059] Large-scale prebaked anode production method based on 26h baking cycle;

[0060] The large-scale prebaked anode production is carried out by an anode baking furnace, and the furnace chamber of the anode baking furnace is divided into a heating section, a high-temperature sintering section, and a cooling section according to the production stage, wherein the heating section is provided with X heating stage furnace chambers connected in sequence, the high-temperature sintering section is provided with Y high-temperature sintering stage furnace chambers connected in sequence, and the cooling section is provided with Z cooling furnace chambers connected in sequence; X=4, Y=3, Z=9;

[0061] A combustion rack is set in each furnace chamber of the high-temperature sintering stage; a main smoke exhaust rack is set in the first furnace chamber of the temperature rise stage, namely the 1p furnace chamber; an auxiliary smoke exhaust rack is added in the sealed furnace chamber adjacent to the 1p furnace chamber. At the beginning of the equipment operation, the valves corresponding to each fire channel in the auxiliary smoke exhaust rack are in the closed state;

[0062] A blast rack is arranged at the cooling furnace chamber in the middle of the cooling section for blasting.

[0063] A blower is respectively arranged corresponding to each fire channel in the 6th and 7th cooling furnace chambers of the cooling section, and each blower blows air to the corresponding fire channel respectively.

[0064] The production method comprises the following steps:

[0065] A. After being preheated in a sealed furnace chamber, the large prebaked anode enters the 1p furnace chamber. In the 1p furnace chamber, each fire channel is vacuum-extracted through the main exhaust rack, so that the high-temperature flue gas of each fire channel in the furnace chamber during the high-temperature sintering stage flows to each fire channel through each fire channel in the furnace chamber during each heating stage. The temperature of each fire channel is controlled by controlling the negative pressure of each fire channel. During the temperature control process, if the negative pressure provided by the main exhaust rack of any fire channel is insufficient, resulting in the temperature not meeting the standard, the valve of the corresponding fire channel on the auxiliary exhaust rack is opened to increase the negative pressure to extract the flue gas to ensure that its temperature meets the control curve;

[0066] The temperature rise target curve control process is as follows:

[0067] When the 1p furnace chamber is a curved furnace chamber, the temperature is raised for 52 hours; the reference target temperature is set according to the time period, and then the temperature of each fire channel is controlled based on each reference target temperature;

[0068] Among them, the target temperature of the side fire channel is 20℃ higher than the base target temperature of the fire channel, the target temperature of the fire channel adjacent to the middle material box is 10℃ higher than the base target temperature of the fire channel, and the target temperature of other fire channels is consistent with the base target temperature of the fire channel; the temperature targets for each period are set as follows:

[0069]

[0070] The negative pressure of the side fire channel is -190~-170Pa, the negative pressure of the fire channel adjacent to the middle material box is -160~-145Pa, and the negative pressure of other fire channels is: -150~-135Pa;

[0071] B. After the 1p temperature rise control is completed, it is sent to the second temperature rise stage furnace chamber, i.e., the 2p furnace chamber, and continues to be heated for 26 hours, and then continues to be sent to the subsequent 3p-Xp temperature rise stage furnace chambers in sequence for 26 hours of temperature rise treatment, and then sent to the first high-temperature sintering stage furnace chamber, i.e., the X+1 furnace chamber; at the last moment of the Xp furnace chamber heating process, the Xp furnace chamber fire channel reference temperature target is 920°C, the side fire channel target temperature is 6°C higher than the fire channel reference target temperature, and the middle material box adjacent fire channel target temperature is 10°C higher than the fire channel reference target temperature, that is: the side fire channel temperature target is 926°C, the middle material box adjacent fire channel temperature target is 930°C, and the other fire channel temperature targets are 920°C;

[0072] C. The large prebaked anode is heated in the X+1 furnace chamber for 26 hours and then sent to the second high-temperature sintering stage furnace chamber, namely the X+2 furnace chamber;

[0073] In the X+1 furnace chamber, the reference target temperature is set according to the time period, and then the temperature of each fire channel is controlled based on each reference target temperature;

[0074] Among them, the target temperature of the side fire channel is 6°C higher than the base target temperature of the fire channel, the target temperature of the fire channel adjacent to the middle material box is 10°C higher than the base target temperature of the fire channel, and the target temperatures of other fire channels are consistent with the base target temperature of the fire channel;

[0075] The temperature rise target curve control process in the X+1 furnace chamber is shown in the following table:

[0076]

[0077] D. In the X+2 furnace chamber, the large prebaked anode is heated to 1200°C for the side fire channel and the fire channel adjacent to the middle material box in the first 1.5 hours, and the other fire channels are heated to 1195°C, and then kept warm for further treatment until the residence time in the X+2 furnace chamber reaches 26 hours, and then it is successively sent to the subsequent X+3 to X+Y furnace chambers for 26 hours of high-temperature sintering treatment. In these furnace chambers, the side fire channel and the fire channel adjacent to the middle material box are always kept at 1200°C, and the temperature of other fire channels is always kept at 1195°C;

[0078] E. After the high temperature sintering treatment in the X+Y furnace chamber is completed, the steel pieces are sequentially sent to each cooling furnace chamber for cooling treatment. The cooling treatment time in each cooling furnace chamber is 26 hours, and then they are taken out of the furnace.

[0079] In the step E, the temperature of the anode coming out of the last cooling furnace is below 300°C.

[0080] For the 1p curved furnace chamber, the adoption of this process has the following improvements compared to the original 28-hour mobile cycle process: 1) The appearance and physical and chemical index quality of the anode remain at a high level, with the appearance qualification rate reaching 99.64% and the physical and chemical index grade TY-1 or above rate reaching 92.39%. (2) The anode energy consumption has dropped significantly, with the anode natural gas unit consumption reduced from 55.20m3 / t to 54.00m3 / t, reaching the advanced level of similar furnaces in the industry. (3) Compared with the original 28-hour roasting mobile cycle process, the anode production capacity has increased by 7.14%, with an additional 977t per month. (4) The degree of anode roasting between different fire channels is more consistent, and the anode is more homogeneous.

[0081] Example 3

[0082] Large-scale prebaked anode production method based on 26h baking cycle;

[0083] The large-scale prebaked anode production is carried out by an anode baking furnace, and the furnace chamber of the anode baking furnace is divided into a heating section, a high-temperature sintering section, and a cooling section according to the production stage, wherein the heating section is provided with X heating stage furnace chambers connected in sequence, the high-temperature sintering section is provided with Y high-temperature sintering stage furnace chambers connected in sequence, and the cooling section is provided with Z cooling furnace chambers connected in sequence; X=3, Y=3, Z=9;

[0084] A combustion rack is set in each furnace chamber of the high-temperature sintering stage; a main smoke exhaust rack is set in the first furnace chamber of the temperature rise stage, namely the 1p furnace chamber; an auxiliary smoke exhaust rack is added in the sealed furnace chamber adjacent to the 1p furnace chamber. At the beginning of the equipment operation, the valves corresponding to each fire channel in the auxiliary smoke exhaust rack are in the closed state;

[0085] The cooling furnace chamber in the middle of the cooling section is provided with a blast rack for blowing air. A blower is respectively provided in the 6th and 8th cooling furnace chambers of the cooling section corresponding to each fire channel, and each blower blows air to the corresponding fire channel respectively.

[0086] The production method comprises the following steps:

[0087] A. After being preheated in a sealed furnace chamber, the large prebaked anode enters the 1p furnace chamber. In the 1p furnace chamber, each fire channel is vacuum-extracted through the main exhaust rack, so that the high-temperature flue gas of each fire channel in the furnace chamber during the high-temperature sintering stage flows to each fire channel through each fire channel in the furnace chamber during each heating stage. The temperature of each fire channel is controlled by controlling the negative pressure of each fire channel. During the temperature control process, if the negative pressure provided by the main exhaust rack of any fire channel is insufficient, resulting in the temperature not meeting the standard, the valve of the corresponding fire channel on the auxiliary exhaust rack is opened to increase the negative pressure to extract the flue gas to ensure that its temperature meets the control curve;

[0088] The temperature rise target curve control process is as follows:

[0089] The 1p furnace chamber is a normal furnace chamber, which is heated for 26 hours. The benchmark target temperature is set according to the time period, and then the temperature of each fire channel is controlled based on each benchmark target temperature.

[0090] Among them, the target temperature of the side fire channel is 5℃ higher than the base target temperature of the fire channel, the target temperature of the fire channel adjacent to the middle material box is 5℃ higher than the base target temperature of the fire channel, and the target temperature of other fire channels is consistent with the base target temperature of the fire channel; the temperature targets for each period are set as follows:

[0091]

[0092]

[0093] The negative pressure of the side fire channel is -165~-150Pa, the negative pressure of the fire channel adjacent to the middle material box is -140~-125Pa, and the negative pressure of other fire channels is: -135~-120Pa;

[0094] B. After the 1p temperature rise control is completed, it is sent to the second temperature rise stage furnace chamber, i.e., the 2p furnace chamber, and continues to be heated for 26 hours, and then continues to be sent to the subsequent 3p-Xp temperature rise stage furnace chambers in sequence for 26 hours of temperature rise treatment, and then sent to the first high-temperature sintering stage furnace chamber, i.e., the X+1 furnace chamber; at the last moment of the Xp furnace chamber heating process, the Xp furnace chamber fire channel reference temperature target is 910°C, the side fire channel target temperature is 5°C higher than the fire channel reference target temperature, and the middle material box adjacent fire channel target temperature is 5°C higher than the fire channel reference target temperature, that is: the side fire channel temperature target is 915°C, the middle material box adjacent fire channel temperature target is 915°C, and the other fire channel temperature targets are 910°C;

[0095] C. The large prebaked anode is heated in the X+1 furnace chamber for 26 hours and then sent to the second high-temperature sintering stage furnace chamber, namely the X+2 furnace chamber;

[0096] In the X+1 furnace chamber, the reference target temperature is set according to the time period, and then the temperature of each fire channel is controlled based on each reference target temperature;

[0097] Among them, the target temperature of the side fire channel is 5℃ higher than the base target temperature of the fire channel, the target temperature of the fire channel adjacent to the middle material box is 5℃ higher than the base target temperature of the fire channel, and the target temperatures of other fire channels are consistent with the base target temperature of the fire channel;

[0098] The temperature rise target curve control process in the X+1 furnace chamber is shown in the following table:

[0099]

[0100] D. In the X+2 furnace chamber, the large prebaked anode is heated to 1200°C for the side fire channel and the fire channel adjacent to the middle material box in the second hour, and the other fire channels are heated to 1195°C, and then kept warm for further treatment until the residence time in the X+2 furnace chamber reaches 26 hours, and then it is successively sent to the subsequent X+3 to X+Y furnace chambers for 26 hours of high-temperature sintering treatment. In these furnace chambers, the side fire channel and the fire channel adjacent to the middle material box are always kept at 1200°C, and the temperature of other fire channels is always kept at 1195°C;

[0101] E. After the high temperature sintering treatment in the X+Y furnace chamber is completed, the steel pieces are sequentially sent to each cooling furnace chamber for cooling treatment. The cooling treatment time in each cooling furnace chamber is 26 hours, and then they are taken out of the furnace.

[0102] In the step E, the temperature of the anode coming out of the last cooling furnace is below 300°C.

[0103] Example 4

[0104] Large-scale prebaked anode production method based on 26h baking cycle;

[0105] The large-scale prebaked anode production is carried out by an anode baking furnace, and the furnace chamber of the anode baking furnace is divided into a heating section, a high-temperature sintering section, and a cooling section according to the production stage, wherein the heating section is provided with X heating stage furnace chambers connected in sequence, the high-temperature sintering section is provided with Y high-temperature sintering stage furnace chambers connected in sequence, and the cooling section is provided with Z cooling furnace chambers connected in sequence; X=3, Y=3, Z=9;

[0106] A combustion rack is set in each furnace chamber of the high-temperature sintering stage; a main smoke exhaust rack is set in the first furnace chamber of the temperature rise stage, namely the 1p furnace chamber; an auxiliary smoke exhaust rack is added in the sealed furnace chamber adjacent to the 1p furnace chamber. At the beginning of the equipment operation, the valves corresponding to each fire channel in the auxiliary smoke exhaust rack are in the closed state;

[0107] The cooling furnace chamber in the middle of the cooling section is provided with a blast rack for blowing air. A blower is respectively provided in the 6th and 8th cooling furnace chambers of the cooling section corresponding to each fire channel, and each blower blows air to the corresponding fire channel respectively.

[0108] The production method comprises the following steps:

[0109] A. After being preheated in a sealed furnace chamber, the large prebaked anode enters the 1p furnace chamber. In the 1p furnace chamber, each fire channel is vacuum-extracted through the main exhaust rack, so that the high-temperature flue gas of each fire channel in the furnace chamber during the high-temperature sintering stage flows to each fire channel through each fire channel in the furnace chamber during each heating stage. The temperature of each fire channel is controlled by controlling the negative pressure of each fire channel. During the temperature control process, if the negative pressure provided by the main exhaust rack of any fire channel is insufficient, resulting in the temperature not meeting the standard, the valve of the corresponding fire channel on the auxiliary exhaust rack is opened to increase the negative pressure to extract the flue gas to ensure that its temperature meets the control curve;

[0110] The temperature rise target curve control process is as follows:

[0111] The 1p furnace chamber is a curved furnace chamber, which is heated for 52 hours. The benchmark target temperature is set according to the time period, and then the temperature of each fire channel is controlled based on each benchmark target temperature.

[0112] Among them, the target temperature of the side fire channel is 5℃ higher than the base target temperature of the fire channel, the target temperature of the fire channel adjacent to the middle material box is 5℃ higher than the base target temperature of the fire channel, and the target temperature of other fire channels is consistent with the base target temperature of the fire channel; the temperature targets for each period are set as follows:

[0113]

[0114] The negative pressure of the side fire channel is -175~-160Pa, the negative pressure of the fire channel adjacent to the middle material box is -150~-135Pa, and the negative pressure of other fire channels is: -140~-125Pa;

[0115] B. After the 1p temperature rise control is completed, it is sent to the second temperature rise stage furnace chamber, i.e., the 2p furnace chamber, and continues to be heated for 26 hours, and then continues to be sent to the subsequent 3p-Xp temperature rise stage furnace chambers in sequence for 26 hours of temperature rise treatment, and then sent to the first high-temperature sintering stage furnace chamber, i.e., the X+1 furnace chamber; at the last moment of the Xp furnace chamber heating process, the Xp furnace chamber fire channel reference temperature target is 910°C, the side fire channel target temperature is 5°C higher than the fire channel reference target temperature, and the middle material box adjacent fire channel target temperature is 5°C higher than the fire channel reference target temperature, that is: the side fire channel temperature target is 915°C, the middle material box adjacent fire channel temperature target is 915°C, and the other fire channel temperature targets are 910°C;

[0116] C. The large prebaked anode is heated in the X+1 furnace chamber for 26 hours and then sent to the second high-temperature sintering stage furnace chamber, namely the X+2 furnace chamber;

[0117] In the X+1 furnace chamber, the reference target temperature is set according to the time period, and then the temperature of each fire channel is controlled based on each reference target temperature;

[0118] Among them, the target temperature of the side fire channel is 5℃ higher than the base target temperature of the fire channel, the target temperature of the fire channel adjacent to the middle material box is 5℃ higher than the base target temperature of the fire channel, and the target temperatures of other fire channels are consistent with the base target temperature of the fire channel;

[0119] The temperature rise target curve control process in the X+1 furnace chamber is shown in the following table:

[0120]

[0121] D. In the X+2 furnace chamber, the large prebaked anode is heated to 1200°C in the first hour for the side fire channel and the fire channel adjacent to the middle material box, and the other fire channels are heated to 1195°C, and then kept warm for further treatment until the residence time in the X+2 furnace chamber reaches 26 hours, and then it is successively sent to the subsequent X+3 to X+Y furnace chambers for 26 hours of high-temperature sintering treatment. In these furnace chambers, the side fire channel and the fire channel adjacent to the middle material box are always kept at 1200°C, and the temperature of other fire channels is always kept at 1195°C;

[0122] E. After the high temperature sintering treatment in the X+Y furnace chamber is completed, the steel pieces are sequentially sent to each cooling furnace chamber for cooling treatment. The cooling treatment time in each cooling furnace chamber is 26 hours, and then they are taken out of the furnace.

[0123] In the step E, the temperature of the anode coming out of the last cooling furnace is below 300°C.

[0124] Example 5

[0125] Large-scale prebaked anode production method based on 26h baking cycle;

[0126] The large-scale prebaked anode production is carried out by an anode baking furnace, and the furnace chamber of the anode baking furnace is divided into a heating section, a high-temperature sintering section, and a cooling section according to the production stage, wherein the heating section is provided with X heating stage furnace chambers connected in sequence, the high-temperature sintering section is provided with Y high-temperature sintering stage furnace chambers connected in sequence, and the cooling section is provided with Z cooling furnace chambers connected in sequence; X=5, Y=4, Z=8;

[0127] A combustion rack is set in each furnace chamber of the high-temperature sintering stage; a main smoke exhaust rack is set in the first furnace chamber of the temperature rise stage, namely the 1p furnace chamber; an auxiliary smoke exhaust rack is added in the sealed furnace chamber adjacent to the 1p furnace chamber. At the beginning of the equipment operation, the valves corresponding to each fire channel in the auxiliary smoke exhaust rack are in the closed state;

[0128] The cooling furnace chamber in the middle of the cooling section is provided with a blast rack for blowing air. A blower is respectively provided in the 6th and 8th cooling furnace chambers of the cooling section corresponding to each fire channel, and each blower blows air to the corresponding fire channel respectively.

[0129] The production method comprises the following steps:

[0130] A. After being preheated in a sealed furnace chamber, the large prebaked anode enters the 1p furnace chamber. In the 1p furnace chamber, each fire channel is vacuum-extracted through the main exhaust rack, so that the high-temperature flue gas of each fire channel in the furnace chamber during the high-temperature sintering stage flows to each fire channel through each fire channel in the furnace chamber during each heating stage. The temperature of each fire channel is controlled by controlling the negative pressure of each fire channel. During the temperature control process, if the negative pressure provided by the main exhaust rack of any fire channel is insufficient, resulting in the temperature not meeting the standard, the valve of the corresponding fire channel on the auxiliary exhaust rack is opened to increase the negative pressure to extract the flue gas to ensure that its temperature meets the control curve;

[0131] The temperature rise target curve control process is as follows:

[0132] The 1p furnace chamber is a normal furnace chamber, which is heated for 26 hours. The benchmark target temperature is set according to the time period, and then the temperature of each fire channel is controlled based on each benchmark target temperature.

[0133] Among them, the target temperature of the side fire channel is 30℃ higher than the base target temperature of the fire channel, the target temperature of the fire channel adjacent to the middle material box is 20℃ higher than the base target temperature of the fire channel, and the target temperature of other fire channels is consistent with the base target temperature of the fire channel; the temperature targets for each period are set as follows:

[0134]

[0135] The negative pressure of the middle fire channel is -145~-135Pa, and the negative pressure of the side fire channel is -200~-190Pa;

[0136] B. After the 1p temperature rise control is completed, it is sent to the second temperature rise stage furnace chamber, i.e., the 2p furnace chamber, and continues to be heated for 26 hours, and then continues to be sent to the subsequent 3p-Xp temperature rise stage furnace chambers in sequence for 26 hours of temperature rise treatment, and then sent to the first high-temperature sintering stage furnace chamber, i.e., the X+1 furnace chamber; at the last moment of the Xp furnace chamber heating process, the Xp furnace chamber fire channel reference temperature target is 930°C, the side fire channel target temperature is 10°C higher than the fire channel reference target temperature, and the middle material box adjacent fire channel target temperature is 20°C higher than the fire channel reference target temperature, that is: the side fire channel temperature target is 940°C, the middle material box adjacent fire channel temperature target is 950°C, and the other fire channel temperature targets are 910-930°C;

[0137] C. The large prebaked anode is heated in the X+1 furnace chamber for 26 hours and then sent to the second high-temperature sintering stage furnace chamber, namely the X+2 furnace chamber;

[0138] In the X+1 furnace chamber, the reference target temperature is set according to the time period, and then the temperature of each fire channel is controlled based on each reference target temperature;

[0139] Among them, the target temperature of the side fire channel is 10℃ higher than the base target temperature of the fire channel, the target temperature of the fire channel adjacent to the middle material box is 20℃ higher than the base target temperature of the fire channel, and the target temperatures of other fire channels are consistent with the base target temperature of the fire channel;

[0140] The temperature rise target curve control process in the X+1 furnace chamber is shown in the following table:

[0141]

[0142] The negative pressure of the side fire channel is -200~-185Pa, the negative pressure of the fire channel adjacent to the middle material box is -155~-140Pa, and the negative pressure of other fire channels is: -150~-135Pa;

[0143] D. In the X+2 furnace chamber, the large prebaked anode is heated to 1200°C for the side fire channel and the fire channel adjacent to the middle material box in the second hour, and the other fire channels are heated to 1195°C, and then kept warm for further treatment until the residence time in the X+2 furnace chamber reaches 26 hours, and then it is successively sent to the subsequent X+3 to X+Y furnace chambers for 26 hours of high-temperature sintering treatment. In these furnace chambers, the side fire channel and the fire channel adjacent to the middle material box are always kept at 1200°C, and the temperature of other fire channels is always kept at 1195°C;

[0144] E. After the high temperature sintering treatment in the X+Y furnace chamber is completed, the steel pieces are sequentially sent to each cooling furnace chamber for cooling treatment. The cooling treatment time in each cooling furnace chamber is 26 hours, and then they are taken out of the furnace.

[0145] In the step E, the temperature of the anode coming out of the last cooling furnace is below 300°C.

[0146] Example 6

[0147] Large-scale prebaked anode production method based on 26h baking cycle;

[0148] The large-scale prebaked anode production is carried out by an anode baking furnace, and the furnace chamber of the anode baking furnace is divided into a heating section, a high-temperature sintering section, and a cooling section according to the production stage, wherein the heating section is provided with X heating stage furnace chambers connected in sequence, the high-temperature sintering section is provided with Y high-temperature sintering stage furnace chambers connected in sequence, and the cooling section is provided with Z cooling furnace chambers connected in sequence; X=5, Y=4, Z=8;

[0149] A combustion rack is set in each furnace chamber of the high-temperature sintering stage; a main smoke exhaust rack is set in the first furnace chamber of the temperature rise stage, namely the 1p furnace chamber; an auxiliary smoke exhaust rack is added in the sealed furnace chamber adjacent to the 1p furnace chamber. At the beginning of the equipment operation, the valves corresponding to each fire channel in the auxiliary smoke exhaust rack are in the closed state;

[0150] The cooling furnace chamber in the middle of the cooling section is provided with a blast rack for blowing air. A blower is respectively provided in the 6th and 8th cooling furnace chambers of the cooling section corresponding to each fire channel, and each blower blows air to the corresponding fire channel respectively.

[0151] The production method comprises the following steps:

[0152] A. After being preheated in a sealed furnace chamber, the large prebaked anode enters the 1p furnace chamber. In the 1p furnace chamber, each fire channel is vacuum-extracted through the main exhaust rack, so that the high-temperature flue gas of each fire channel in the furnace chamber during the high-temperature sintering stage flows to each fire channel through each fire channel in the furnace chamber during each heating stage. The temperature of each fire channel is controlled by controlling the negative pressure of each fire channel. During the temperature control process, if the negative pressure provided by the main exhaust rack of any fire channel is insufficient, resulting in the temperature not meeting the standard, the valve of the corresponding fire channel on the auxiliary exhaust rack is opened to increase the negative pressure to extract the flue gas to ensure that its temperature meets the control curve;

[0153] The temperature rise target curve control process is as follows:

[0154] The 1p furnace chamber is a curved furnace chamber, which is heated for 52 hours. The benchmark target temperature is set according to the time period, and then the temperature of each fire channel is controlled based on each benchmark target temperature.

[0155] Among them, the target temperature of the side fire channel is 30℃ higher than the base target temperature of the fire channel, the target temperature of the fire channel adjacent to the middle material box is 20℃ higher than the base target temperature of the fire channel, and the target temperature of other fire channels is consistent with the base target temperature of the fire channel; the temperature targets for each period are set as follows:

[0156]

[0157] The negative pressure of the side fire channel is -190~-175Pa, the negative pressure of the fire channel adjacent to the middle material box is -165~-150Pa, and the negative pressure of other fire channels is: -155~-140Pa.

[0158] B. After the 1p temperature rise control is completed, it is sent to the second temperature rise stage furnace chamber, i.e., the 2p furnace chamber, and continues to be heated for 26 hours, and then continues to be sent to the subsequent 3p-Xp temperature rise stage furnace chambers in sequence for 26 hours of temperature rise treatment, and then sent to the first high-temperature sintering stage furnace chamber, i.e., the X+1 furnace chamber; at the last moment of the Xp furnace chamber heating process, the Xp furnace chamber fire channel reference temperature target is 930°C, the side fire channel target temperature is 10°C higher than the fire channel reference target temperature, and the middle material box adjacent fire channel target temperature is 20°C higher than the fire channel reference target temperature, that is: the side fire channel temperature target is 940°C, the middle material box adjacent fire channel temperature target is 950°C, and the other fire channel temperature targets are 910-930°C;

[0159] C. The large prebaked anode is heated in the X+1 furnace chamber for 26 hours and then sent to the second high-temperature sintering stage furnace chamber, namely the X+2 furnace chamber;

[0160] In the X+1 furnace chamber, the reference target temperature is set according to the time period, and then the temperature of each fire channel is controlled based on each reference target temperature;

[0161] Among them, the target temperature of the side fire channel is 10℃ higher than the base target temperature of the fire channel, the target temperature of the fire channel adjacent to the middle material box is 20℃ higher than the base target temperature of the fire channel, and the target temperatures of other fire channels are consistent with the base target temperature of the fire channel;

[0162] The temperature rise target curve control process in the X+1 furnace chamber is shown in the following table:

[0163]

[0164]

[0165] D. In the X+2 furnace chamber, the large prebaked anode is heated to 1200°C for the side fire channel and the fire channel adjacent to the middle material box in the second hour, and the other fire channels are heated to 1195°C, and then kept warm for further treatment until the residence time in the X+2 furnace chamber reaches 26 hours, and then it is successively sent to the subsequent X+3 to X+Y furnace chambers for 26 hours of high-temperature sintering treatment. In these furnace chambers, the side fire channel and the fire channel adjacent to the middle material box are always kept at 1200°C, and the temperature of other fire channels is always kept at 1195°C;

[0166] E. After the high temperature sintering treatment in the X+Y furnace chamber is completed, the steel pieces are sequentially sent to each cooling furnace chamber for cooling treatment. The cooling treatment time in each cooling furnace chamber is 26 hours, and then they are taken out of the furnace.

[0167] In the step E, the temperature of the anode coming out of the last cooling furnace is below 300°C.

Claims

1. A method for producing large-scale prebaked anodes based on a 26-hour baking cycle, characterized in that: The large-scale prebaked anode production is carried out by an anode baking furnace, and the furnace chamber of the anode baking furnace is divided into a heating section, a high-temperature sintering section, and a cooling section according to the production stage, wherein the heating section is provided with X heating stage furnace chambers connected in sequence, the high-temperature sintering section is provided with Y high-temperature sintering stage furnace chambers connected in sequence, and the cooling section is provided with Z cooling furnace chambers connected in sequence; X=3-5, Y=3-4, Z≥8; A combustion rack is set in each furnace chamber of the high-temperature sintering stage; a main smoke exhaust rack is set in the first furnace chamber of the temperature rise stage, namely the 1p furnace chamber; an auxiliary smoke exhaust rack is added in the sealed furnace chamber adjacent to the 1p furnace chamber. At the beginning of the equipment operation, the valves corresponding to each fire channel in the auxiliary smoke exhaust rack are in the closed state; The production method comprises the following steps: A. After being preheated in a sealed furnace chamber, the large prebaked anode enters the 1p furnace chamber. In the 1p furnace chamber, each fire channel is vacuum-extracted through the main exhaust rack, so that the high-temperature flue gas of each fire channel in the furnace chamber during the high-temperature sintering stage flows to each fire channel through each fire channel in the furnace chamber during each heating stage. The temperature of each fire channel is controlled by controlling the negative pressure of each fire channel. During the temperature control process, if the negative pressure provided by the main exhaust rack of any fire channel is insufficient, resulting in the temperature not meeting the standard, the valve of the corresponding fire channel on the auxiliary exhaust rack is opened to increase the negative pressure to extract the flue gas to ensure that its temperature meets the control curve; The temperature rise target curve control process is as follows: When the 1p furnace chamber is a normal furnace chamber, the temperature is raised for 26 hours; the reference target temperature is set according to the time period, and then the temperature of each fire channel is controlled based on each reference target temperature; Among them, the target temperature of the side fire channel is 5℃-30℃ higher than the base target temperature of the fire channel, the target temperature of the fire channel adjacent to the middle material box is 5℃-20℃ higher than the base target temperature of the fire channel, and the target temperature of other fire channels is consistent with the base target temperature of the fire channel; the temperature targets for each period are set as follows: When the 1p furnace chamber is a curved furnace chamber, the temperature is raised for 52 hours; the reference target temperature is set according to the time period, and then the temperature of each fire channel is controlled based on each reference target temperature; Among them, the target temperature of the side fire channel is 5℃-30℃ higher than the base target temperature of the fire channel, the target temperature of the fire channel adjacent to the middle material box is 5℃-20℃ higher than the base target temperature of the fire channel, and the target temperature of other fire channels is consistent with the base target temperature of the fire channel; the temperature targets for each period are set as follows: B. After the 1p temperature rise control is completed, it is sent to the second temperature rise stage furnace chamber, i.e., the 2p furnace chamber, to continue the temperature rise treatment for 26 hours, and then continue to be sent to the subsequent 3p-Xp temperature rise stage furnace chambers in sequence for 26 hours of temperature rise treatment, and then sent to the first high-temperature sintering stage furnace chamber, i.e., the X+1 furnace chamber; at the last moment of the Xp furnace chamber heating process, the Xp furnace chamber fire channel reference temperature target is 910-930℃, the side fire channel target temperature is 5℃-10℃ higher than the fire channel reference target temperature, and the middle material box adjacent fire channel target temperature is 5℃-20℃ higher than the fire channel reference target temperature, that is: the side fire channel temperature target is 915-940℃, the middle material box adjacent fire channel temperature target is 915-950℃, and the other fire channel temperature target is 910-930℃; C. The large prebaked anode is heated in the X+1 furnace chamber for 26 hours, and then sent to the second high-temperature sintering stage furnace chamber, i.e., the X+2 furnace chamber; In the X+1 furnace chamber, the reference target temperature is set according to the time period, and then the temperature of each fire channel is controlled based on each reference target temperature; Among them, the target temperature of the side fire channel is 5℃-10℃ higher than the base target temperature of the fire channel, the target temperature of the fire channel adjacent to the middle material box is 5℃-20℃ higher than the base target temperature of the fire channel, and the target temperature of other fire channels is consistent with the base target temperature of the fire channel; The temperature rise target curve control process in the X+1 furnace chamber is shown in the following table: D. In the X+2 furnace chamber, the temperature of the side fire channel and the fire channel adjacent to the middle material box is raised to 1200℃ in the first 2 hours, and the temperature of other fire channels is raised to 1195℃. Then the heat preservation treatment is continued until the residence time in the X+2 furnace chamber reaches 26 hours. Then, the anode is successively sent to the subsequent X+3 to X+Y furnace chambers for 26 hours of high-temperature sintering treatment. In these furnace chambers, the temperature of the side fire channel and the fire channel adjacent to the middle material box is always maintained at 1200℃, and the temperature of other fire channels is always maintained at 1195℃. E. After the high temperature sintering treatment in the X+Y furnace chamber is completed, the steel pieces are sequentially sent to each cooling furnace chamber for cooling treatment. The cooling treatment time in each cooling furnace chamber is 26 hours, and then they are taken out of the furnace.

2. The large-scale prebaked anode production method based on a 26-hour baking movement cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the 1p furnace chamber is a normal furnace chamber, the negative pressure of the side fire channel is -200~-150Pa, the negative pressure of the fire channel adjacent to the middle material box is -155~-125Pa, and the negative pressure of other fire channels is: -150~-120Pa; When the 1p furnace chamber is a curved furnace chamber, the negative pressure of the side fire channel is -190 to -160Pa, the negative pressure of the fire channel adjacent to the middle material box is -165 to -135Pa, and the negative pressure of other fire channels is: -155 to -125Pa.

3. The large-scale prebaked anode production method based on a 26-hour baking movement cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that: A blast rack is arranged at the cooling furnace chamber in the middle of the cooling section for blasting.

4. The method for producing large-scale prebaked anodes based on a 26-hour baking movement cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fire channel is blasted in 2-3 cooling furnace chambers at the rear of the cooling section.

5. The method for producing large-scale prebaked anodes based on a 26-hour baking movement cycle according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the cooling furnace room for blowing air to the fire channel, a blower is respectively arranged corresponding to each fire channel, and each blower blows air to the corresponding fire channel respectively.

6. The method for producing large-scale prebaked anodes based on a 26-hour baking movement cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step E, the temperature of the anode coming out of the last cooling furnace is below 300°C.

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