Metal complex acceptor material, preparation method thereof and photoelectric device

Abstract

The invention discloses a metal complex acceptor material, a preparation method thereof and a photoelectric device, the structural general formula of the metal complex acceptor material is # imgabs0 #, M is a heavy metal ion, and R1 is C1-C25 alkyl; m1 is selected from one of the following groups: # imgabs1 # R2 is phenyl, and R2 is located at any possible position on a ring where R2 is located; ar is selected from one of the following groups: # imgabs2 # R3 is alkyl of C1-C20; wherein the dashed line represents a connection site. According to the non-fullerene metal complex acceptor material provided by the invention, metal ions are taken as a symmetric center, electron withdrawing groups consisting of benzothiadiazole are arranged at the upper part and the lower part, and the whole acceptor material is of a vertically symmetric structure, so that electron transmission on a plane is more efficient, and meanwhile, the electron structure of the acceptor material can be stabilized, so that carriers in the acceptor material are more stable; the stability of the acceptor material is further improved, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the prepared solar cell is close to 18%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of receptor materials, and in particular to a metal complex receptor material and a preparation method and a photoelectric device thereof. Background Art

[0002] Solar cells are thin sheets of photoelectric semiconductors that use sunlight to generate electricity directly. They are also called "solar chips" or "photocells". As long as the illumination meets certain illumination conditions, they can instantly output voltage and generate current in the presence of a circuit. The development of solar cells can be traced back to 1839, when Becquerel of France first discovered the photoelectric effect in liquid electrolytes; however, it was not until 1883 that Fritts of the United States prepared the first solar cell using selenium; after another half a century of development, in 1930, Schottky proposed the "photovoltaic effect" theory of Cu2O barriers; in the same year, Longer first proposed that the "photovoltaic effect" could be used to manufacture "solar cells" to convert solar energy into electrical energy; subsequently, Pearson of Bell Laboratories in the United States invented a single-crystal silicon solar cell with a cell efficiency of 6% in 1954, ushering in a new era of pn junction solar cells. To this day, pn junction solar cells still occupy an absolute position in the photovoltaic field. However, compared with traditional silicon-based and other inorganic metal compound solar cells, organic solar cells (OPVs) have the following unique advantages: (1) organic materials are light and flexible; (2) organic materials are easy to design, tailor and synthesize chemical structures without resource constraints; (3) the device preparation process is simple, and solution processing methods such as printing, inkjet and printing can be used, with low production costs; (4) large-area flexible devices are easy to achieve. However, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of existing organic solar cells still needs to be further improved. Therefore, the development of new high-performance non-fullerene acceptor materials to further improve the photoelectric efficiency of organic solar cells is of great significance to the commercialization of organic solar cell performance. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a metal complex acceptor material and a preparation method and a photoelectric device thereof, aiming to solve the problem that the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cells based on existing acceptor materials still needs to be further improved.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0005] In a first aspect of the present invention, a metal complex receptor material is provided, wherein the metal complex receptor material has a general structural formula of:

[0006]

[0007] Wherein, M is a heavy metal ion, and R1 is a C1-C25 alkyl group;

[0008] M1 is selected from one of the following groups:

[0009]

[0010]

[0011] R2 is H or phenyl, and R2 is located at any possible position on the ring;

[0012] Ar is selected from one of the following groups:

[0013] R3 is a C1-C20 alkyl group;

[0014] In the above structure Indicates the connection site.

[0015] Optionally, the heavy metal ions include one of nickel ions, copper ions, manganese ions and chromium ions.

[0016] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the metal complex receptor material as described above, which comprises the steps of:

[0017] A Stille coupling reaction is performed on 4,7-dibromo-5,6-dinitrobenzothiadiazole and compound A to obtain compound B;

[0018] The compound B is subjected to a condensation ring-closing reaction to obtain a compound C;

[0019] The compound C reacts with a halogenated alkane through a nucleophilic substitution reaction to obtain a compound D;

[0020] The compound D is subjected to a Vilsmeier-Haack reaction to obtain a compound E;

[0021] The compound E and the first compound are subjected to a Knoevenagel reaction or the compound E and the second compound are subjected to a substitution reaction to obtain a compound F;

[0022] The compound F is subjected to a complex reaction to obtain the metal complex receptor material;

[0023] Wherein, compound A is Compound B is Compound C is Compound D is Compound E is

[0024] The first compound is selected from one of the following structures:

[0025] The second compound is selected from one of the following structures:

[0026]

[0027]

[0028] X is halogen; compound F is

[0029]

[0030] Optionally, 4,7-dibromo-5,6-dinitrobenzothiadiazole and compound A are added to a first solvent in a molar ratio of 1:(2-3), and then a first catalyst of 0.01-1% of the molar amount of compound A is added, and the mixture is refluxed at a temperature of 80-120° C. to carry out a Stille coupling reaction for 24-48 hours to obtain compound B.

[0031] Optionally, compound B and a second catalyst are added to a second solvent, and refluxed at a temperature of 120 to 200° C. to carry out a condensation ring-closing reaction for 12 to 48 hours to obtain compound C.

[0032] Optionally, compound C and halogenated alkane are added to a third solvent, and then a neutralizing agent is added, and the mixture is refluxed at a temperature of 80 to 150° C. to perform a nucleophilic substitution reaction for 12 to 24 hours to obtain compound D.

[0033] Optionally, compound D and a formylating agent are added to a fourth solvent, and the mixture is refluxed at a temperature of 80 to 150° C. to perform a Vilsmeier-Haack reaction for 8 to 48 hours to obtain compound E.

[0034] Optionally, compound E and the first compound are added to a fifth solvent, and then an acid binding agent is added, and the mixture is refluxed at a temperature of 60 to 100° C. to perform a Knoevenagel reaction for 12 to 24 hours to obtain compound F.

[0035] Optionally, compound F and a heavy metal salt are added to a sixth solvent, and then a sixth catalyst is added, and a complex reaction is carried out at a temperature of 80 to 150° C. under alkaline conditions for 48 to 72 hours to obtain the metal complex receptor material.

[0036] According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a photoelectric device, comprising a photosensitive layer, wherein the photosensitive layer comprises the metal complex receptor material of the present invention as described above.

[0037] Beneficial effects: The non-fullerene metal complex acceptor material provided by the present invention has a metal ion as the symmetry center, and the upper and lower parts are electron-withdrawing groups composed of benzothiadiazole (the upper and lower parts are trapezoidal condensed ring structures with condensed ring benzothiadiazole as the central core, and the electron-withdrawing end groups are connected to the two ends of the central core). The overall structure is symmetrical from top to bottom, and the electron transfer on the plane is more efficient. At the same time, it can stabilize the electronic structure of the acceptor material, making the carriers in the acceptor material more stable, and further increasing the stability of the acceptor material. R1 and R3 are long alkyl chains, which can increase the solubility of the acceptor material. M1 can further increase the overall conjugation of the acceptor material and improve the carrier transport performance. The metal complex acceptor material provided by the embodiment of the present invention has good solubility and strong film-forming properties, and the prepared solar cell has a photoelectric conversion efficiency close to 15%. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 The structural formula and molecular structure of a non-complexed receptor material in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2 The structural formula and molecular structure of a metal complex receptor material in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The present invention provides a metal complex receptor material and a preparation method thereof and an optoelectronic device. To make the purpose, technical solution and effect of the present invention clearer and more specific, the present invention is further described in detail below. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0041] Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used in the specification of the present invention herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0042] An embodiment of the present invention provides a metal complex receptor material, wherein the metal complex receptor material has a general structural formula of:

[0043]

[0044] Wherein, M is a heavy metal ion, and R1 is a C1-C25 alkyl group (R1 involved in the following different structural formulas is a C1-C25 alkyl group;

[0045] M1 is selected from one of the following groups:

[0046]

[0047] (M1 involved in the following different structural formulas is selected from one of these groups);

[0048] R2 is H or phenyl, and R2 is located at any possible position on the ring where it is located (R2 involved in the following different structural formulas is H or phenyl);

[0049] Ar is selected from one of the following groups:

[0050] (The structures of Ar involved in the following different structural formulas are the same as this), R3 is a C1-C20 alkyl group;

[0051] The dotted line in the above structural formula represents the connection site.

[0052] The non-fullerene metal complex acceptor material provided by the embodiment of the present invention has a metal ion as the symmetry center, and the upper and lower parts are electron-withdrawing groups composed of benzothiadiazole (the upper and lower parts are trapezoidal condensed ring structures with condensed ring benzothiadiazole as the central core, and the electron-withdrawing end groups are connected to the two ends of the central core). The overall structure is symmetrical from top to bottom, and the electron transmission on the plane is more efficient. At the same time, it can stabilize the electronic structure of the acceptor material, making the carriers in the acceptor material more stable, and further increasing the stability of the acceptor material. R1 and R3 are long alkyl chains, which can increase the solubility of the acceptor material. M1 can further increase the overall conjugation of the acceptor material and improve the carrier transport performance. The metal complex acceptor material provided by the embodiment of the present invention has good solubility and strong film-forming properties, and the prepared solar cell has a photoelectric conversion efficiency close to 15%.

[0053] In some embodiments, for example, R1 is -CH3, -C2H5, -C3H7, -C4H9, -C4H 11 , -C 10 H 21 , C 15 H 31 or -C 25 H 51 etc.; R3 is -CH3, -C2H5, -C3H7, -C4H9, -C4H 11 , -C 10 H 21 , C 15 H 31 or -C 20 H 41 etc.; R2 is H, benzene, toluene or naphthalene, etc.

[0054] In some embodiments, the heavy metal ions include, but are not limited to, one of nickel ions, copper ions, manganese ions, and chromium ions.

[0055] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the metal complex receptor material as described above, which comprises the steps of:

[0056] S1, subjecting 4,7-dibromo-5,6-dinitrobenzothiadiazole and compound A to a Stille coupling reaction to obtain compound B;

[0057] S2, subjecting the compound B to a condensation ring-closing reaction to obtain a compound C;

[0058] S3, reacting the compound C with a halogenated alkane through a nucleophilic substitution reaction to obtain a compound D;

[0059] S4, subjecting the compound D to a Vilsmeier-Haack reaction to obtain a compound E;

[0060] S5, subjecting the compound E to a Knoevenagel reaction with the first compound or subjecting the compound E to a substitution reaction with the second compound to obtain a compound F;

[0061] S6. Subjecting the compound F to a complex reaction to obtain the metal complex receptor material.

[0062] In the embodiment of the present invention, 4,7-dibromo-5,6-dinitrobenzothiadiazole is used as a raw material, and a condensed ring benzothiadiazole central core is obtained by Stille coupling, condensation ring closure, nucleophilic substitution and Vilsmeier-Haack reaction in sequence, and then an end group structure is introduced by Knoevenagel reaction, and finally the metal complex receptor material is obtained by complexation reaction. The preparation method is simple and efficient.

[0063] Wherein, compound A is Compound B is Compound C is Compound D is Compound E is

[0064] The first compound is selected from one of the following structures:

[0065]

[0066]

[0067] The second compound is selected from one of the following structures:

[0068]

[0069] X is halogen (specifically I, Br or Cl); compound F is

[0070]

[0071] In step S1, the synthetic route of compound B (taking palladium acetate as a catalyst as an example) is:

[0072]

[0073] In some embodiments, 4,7-dibromo-5,6-dinitrobenzothiadiazole and compound A are added to a first solvent, and then a first catalyst of 0.01 to 1% by molar amount of compound A is added, and the mixture is refluxed at a temperature of 80 to 120° C. to perform a Stille coupling reaction for 24 to 48 hours to obtain compound B.

[0074] In some embodiments, the first solvent includes but is not limited to at least one of toluene, chlorobenzene, and N,N-dimethylformamide.

[0075] In some embodiments, the first catalyst includes but is not limited to at least one of bistriphenylphosphine palladium dichloride, palladium acetate, and palladium dichloride.

[0076] In step S2, the synthetic route of compound C (taking triethyl phosphite as a catalyst as an example) is:

[0077]

[0078] In some embodiments, compound B and a second catalyst are added to a second solvent, and refluxed at a temperature of 120 to 200° C. to perform a condensation ring-closing reaction for 12 to 48 hours to obtain compound C.

[0079] In some embodiments, the second solvent includes but is not limited to at least one of o-dichlorobenzene, acetonitrile, and toluene.

[0080] In some embodiments, the second catalyst includes at least one of triethyl phosphite and a phosphite ester.

[0081] In step S3, the synthetic route of compound D is:

[0082]

[0083] In some embodiments, compound C and alkyl halide are added to a third solvent, and then a neutralizing agent is added, and the mixture is refluxed at a temperature of 80 to 150° C. to perform a nucleophilic substitution reaction for 12 to 24 hours to obtain compound D.

[0084] In some embodiments, the third solvent includes but is not limited to at least one of dimethyl sulfoxide, N,N-dimethylformamide, and toluene.

[0085] In some embodiments, the neutralizing agent includes but is not limited to at least one of potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, and sodium acetate.

[0086] In step S4, the synthetic route of compound E (taking phosphorus oxychloride as the formylation agent as an example) is:

[0087]

[0088] In some embodiments, compound D and a formylating agent are added to a fourth solvent, and the mixture is refluxed at a temperature of 80 to 150° C. to perform a Vilsmeier-Haack reaction for 8 to 48 hours to obtain compound E.

[0089] In some embodiments, the fourth solvent includes but is not limited to at least one of toluene, N,N-dimethylformamide, toluene, and chlorobenzene.

[0090] In some embodiments, the formylating agent includes but is not limited to at least one of phosphorus oxychloride, carboxylic acid, carboxylic acid ester, and phosphate ester.

[0091] In step S5, the synthetic route of compound F is:

[0092]

[0093] In some embodiments, compound E and the first compound are added to the fifth solvent, and then an acid binding agent is added, and the mixture is refluxed at a temperature of 60 to 100° C. to perform a Knoevenagel reaction for 12 to 24 hours to obtain compound F. In this embodiment, the order of adding the raw materials is not limited, and compound E, the first compound and the acid binding agent can also be added to the fifth solvent before reacting.

[0094] In some embodiments, a third catalyst (such as phosphorus oxychloride, CsPbBr3, etc.) may also be added. Specifically, compound E, the first compound, an acid binding agent and the third catalyst are added to the fifth solvent, refluxed at a temperature of 60 to 100° C., and subjected to Knoevenagel reaction for 12 to 24 hours to obtain compound F.

[0095] In some embodiments, the fifth solvent includes but is not limited to at least one of chloroform, N,N-dimethylformamide, and toluene.

[0096] In some embodiments, the first compound includes but is not limited to 3-(dicyanomethylidene)indone.

[0097] In some embodiments, the acid binding agent includes but is not limited to at least one of pyridine, sodium hydroxide, and sodium carbonate.

[0098] In some embodiments, compound E, the second compound and pyridine are added to a fifth solvent and reacted at a preset temperature (eg, 70° C.) to obtain compound F.

[0099] In step S6, the synthesis route of the metal complex receptor material (taking the heavy metal ion as copper ion and the catalyst as K2S2O8 as an example) is:

[0100]

[0101] In this embodiment, through simulation calculation, it can be found that the LUMO energy level of the metal complex acceptor material (compound G) is lower than that of the uncomplexed acceptor material (compound F), which indicates that compound G has a lower electron injection barrier and a higher device efficiency than compound F. Through the previous DFT software simulation calculation, it can be found that the molecule with benzothiadiazole as the parent core (such as Figure 1 The HOMO energy level of the structure shown in (shown in) is -10.69ev, and its LUMO energy level is -9.52ev; however, after the complexation reaction, its complex (such as Figure 2 The HOMO energy level of the structure shown in (shown in) is -4.55ev and the LUMO energy level is -3.00ev. This shows that the molecules after the metal complex reaction can fully match the separation and transmission of holes and electrons.

[0102] In some embodiments, compound F and a heavy metal salt are added to a sixth solvent, and then a sixth catalyst is added, and a complex reaction is carried out at a temperature of 80 to 150° C. under alkaline conditions for 48 to 72 hours to obtain the metal complex receptor material.

[0103] In some embodiments, the heavy metal salt includes one of a nickel salt, a copper salt, a manganese salt, and a chromium salt.

[0104] In some embodiments, the sixth solvent includes but is not limited to at least one of xylene, chlorobenzene, and toluene.

[0105] In some embodiments, the sixth catalyst includes but is not limited to at least one of K2S2O8, PdCl2, and CsPbBr3.

[0106] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a photoelectric device, comprising a photosensitive layer, wherein the photosensitive layer comprises the metal complex receptor material as described above in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0107] In some embodiments, the optoelectronic device is a solar cell or an organic photodetector.

[0108] The following describes it in detail through specific embodiments.

[0109] Example 1

[0110] This embodiment provides a metal complex receptor material, the structural formula of which is:

[0111] Where R1 is -C6H 13 , Ar is R3 is -C8H 17 , M is Cu, M1 is

[0112] The preparation method of the metal complex receptor material comprises the steps of:

[0113] (1) Preparation of compound B:

[0114] 4,7-Dibromo-5,6-dinitrobenzothiadiazole (1 mmol, 0.38 g) and compound A (2 mmol, 1.08 g) were added to toluene (100 mL), and then 1% equivalent of palladium acetate (1% of the molar amount of compound A) was added, and the mixture was refluxed at 100° C. for 24 h to obtain compound B (0.5 g);

[0115] The synthetic route of compound B is as follows:

[0116]

[0117] (2) Preparation of Compound C:

[0118] Compound B (1 mmol, 0.73 g), triethyl phosphite (0.1 mg) and o-dichlorobenzene (80 mL) were mixed, and heated to 160° C. under argon protection for condensation ring-closing reaction for 36 hours to obtain compound C (0.5 g).

[0119] The synthetic route of compound C is:

[0120]

[0121] (3) Preparation of Compound D:

[0122] Compound C (0.662 g, 1 mmol) and aqueous NaOH solution (1 mL, concentration of 10 mg / mL) were added to toluene (60 mL), and then C6H 13 Br (0.5 g) was added and refluxed at 80°C for 12 hours to carry out nucleophilic substitution reaction to obtain compound D (0.7 g).

[0123] The synthetic route of compound D is:

[0124]

[0125] (4) Preparation of Compound E:

[0126] Compound D (1 mmol, 0.83 g) and phosphorus oxychloride (2.9 g) were added to toluene (60 mL), and the mixture was refluxed at 120° C. and subjected to Vilsmeier-Haack reaction for 48 hours to obtain Compound E.

[0127] The synthetic route of compound E is:

[0128]

[0129] (5) Preparation of Compound F:

[0130] Compound E (1 mmol, 0.886 g), (Z)-2-(2-(bromomethylene)-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-cyclopenta[b]anthracene-1-ylidene)malononitrile (2 mmol, 0.768 g) and pyridine (0.149 g) were added to N,N-dimethylformamide (50 mL) at a reaction temperature of 70°C. The reaction was carried out for 24 hours to obtain compound F (1.1 g).

[0131] The synthetic route of compound F is:

[0132]

[0133] (6) Preparation of metal complex receptor material (G1):

[0134] Compound F (0.14 g), copper sulfate (0.2 g) and potassium persulfate (0.9 g) were added to xylene (40 mL) at a reaction temperature of 100° C. After complexation reaction for 48 hours, the final product compound G1 (0.2 g, yield 61%) was obtained.

[0135] The synthetic route of G1 is:

[0136]

[0137] Example 2

[0138] This embodiment provides a metal complex receptor material, which is different from Embodiment 1 in that:

[0139] R1 is -C8H 17 , R3 is -C 10 H 21 , Ar is M is Ni, M1 is

[0140] The preparation method of the metal complex receptor material comprises the steps of:

[0141] (1) Preparation of compound B:

[0142] 4,7-Dibromo-5,6-dinitrobenzothiadiazole (1 mmol, 0.38 g) and compound A (2 mmol, 1.1 g) were added to toluene (100 mL), and then palladium acetate with a molar amount of 1% of the compound was added. After reflux at 100° C. for 24 hours, compound B (0.13 g) was obtained.

[0143] The synthetic route of compound B is:

[0144]

[0145] (2) Preparation of Compound C:

[0146] Compound B (1 mmol, 0.7 g), triethyl phosphite (0.1 mL) and o-dichlorobenzene (80 mL) were mixed, and heated to 120° C. under argon protection for condensation ring-closing reaction for 12 hours to obtain compound C (0.6 g).

[0147] The synthetic route of compound C is:

[0148]

[0149] (3) Preparation of Compound D:

[0150] Compound C (0.654 g, 1 mmol), NaOH aqueous solution (1 mL, concentration of 10 mg / mL), and then C8H 17 Br (0.6 g) was added and refluxed at 80°C for 12 hours to carry out nucleophilic substitution reaction to obtain compound D (0.8 g).

[0151] The synthetic route of compound D is:

[0152]

[0153] (4) Preparation of Compound E:

[0154] Compound D (0.8 g) and phosphorus oxychloride (2.9 g) were added to toluene (100 mL), and the mixture was refluxed at 100° C. to carry out Vilsmeier-Haack reaction for 24 hours to obtain Compound E.

[0155] The synthetic route of compound E is:

[0156]

[0157] (5) Preparation of Compound F:

[0158] Compound E (0.9 g), 3-(dicyanomethylene)indone (0.5 g), pyridine (0.149 g), phosphorus oxychloride (2.1 g, as a catalyst) and CsPbBr3 (0.01 g, as a catalyst) were added to N,N-dimethylformamide (50 mL) at a reaction temperature of 100°C. Knoevenagel reaction was carried out for 12 hours to obtain compound F (1.2 g).

[0159] The synthetic route of compound F is:

[0160]

[0161] (6) Preparation of metal complex receptor material (G2):

[0162] Compound F (0.14 g), nickel sulfate (0.2 g) and potassium persulfate (0.9 g) were added to xylene (40 mL) at a reaction temperature of 150° C. After complexation reaction for 48 hours, the final product compound G2 (0.3 g, yield 51%) was obtained.

[0163] The synthetic route of G2 is:

[0164]

[0165] Commercial PCE12 was used as the donor material, G1 in Example 1 and G2 in Example 2 were used as the acceptor materials, and solar cells were prepared according to ITO / PEDOT:PSS / PCE12:G1(2) / PDINO / Al. The specific performance parameters are shown in the following table.

[0166] Table 1 Test results

[0167]

[0168] Among them, V oc is the open circuit voltage, J sc is the short-circuit current density, FF is the fill factor, PCE is the photoelectric conversion efficiency;

[0169] The structural formula of PCE12 is:

[0170] R is 2-ethylhexyl.

[0171] In summary, the present invention provides a metal complex acceptor material and a preparation method and a photoelectric device thereof. The non-fullerene metal complex acceptor material provided by the present invention has a metal ion as the symmetry center, and the upper and lower electron-withdrawing groups composed of benzothiadiazole (the upper and lower parts are trapezoidal condensed ring structures with condensed ring benzothiadiazole as the central core, and the electron-withdrawing end groups are connected to the two ends of the central core). The overall structure is symmetrical from top to bottom, and the electron transmission on the plane is more efficient. At the same time, it can stabilize the electronic structure of the acceptor material, making the carriers in the acceptor material more stable, and further increasing the stability of the acceptor material. R1 and R3 are long alkyl chains, which can increase the solubility of the acceptor material. M1 can further increase the overall conjugation of the acceptor material and improve the carrier transport performance. The metal complex acceptor material provided by the embodiment of the present invention has good solubility and strong film-forming properties, and the prepared solar cell has a photoelectric conversion efficiency close to 18%.

[0172] It should be understood that the application of the present invention is not limited to the above examples. For ordinary technicians in this field, improvements or changes can be made based on the above description. All these improvements and changes should fall within the scope of protection of the claims attached to the present invention.

Claims

1. A metal complex receptor material, characterized in that: The general structural formula of the metal complex receptor material is: Wherein, M is a heavy metal ion, and R1 is a C1-C25 alkyl group; M1 is selected from one of the following groups: R2 is H or phenyl, and R2 is located at any possible position on the ring; Ar is selected from one of the following groups: R3 is a C1-C20 alkyl group; In the above structure Indicates the connection site.

2. The metal complex receptor material according to claim 1, characterized in that The heavy metal ions include one of nickel ions, copper ions, manganese ions and chromium ions.

3. A method for preparing the metal complex receptor material according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: Includes steps: A Stille coupling reaction is performed on 4,7-dibromo-5,6-dinitrobenzothiadiazole and compound A to obtain compound B; The compound B is subjected to a condensation ring-closing reaction to obtain a compound C; The compound C reacts with a halogenated alkane through a nucleophilic substitution reaction to obtain a compound D; The compound D is subjected to a Vilsmeier-Haack reaction to obtain a compound E; The compound E and the first compound are subjected to a Knoevenagel reaction or the compound E and the second compound are subjected to a substitution reaction to obtain a compound F; The compound F is subjected to a complex reaction to obtain the metal complex receptor material; Wherein, compound A is Compound B is Compound C is Compound D is Compound E is The first compound is selected from one of the following structures: The second compound is selected from one of the following structures: X is halogen; compound F is 4. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: 4,7-dibromo-5,6-dinitrobenzothiadiazole and compound A are added to a first solvent, and then a first catalyst is added, and the mixture is refluxed at a temperature of 80 to 120° C. to perform a Stille coupling reaction for 24 to 48 hours to obtain compound B.

5. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: Compound B and the second catalyst are added to the second solvent, and refluxed at a temperature of 120 to 200° C. to carry out a condensation ring-closing reaction for 12 to 48 hours to obtain compound C.

6. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: Compound C and halogenated alkane are added to a third solvent, and then a neutralizing agent is added, and the mixture is refluxed at a temperature of 80 to 150° C. to perform a nucleophilic substitution reaction for 12 to 24 hours to obtain compound D.

7. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: Compound D and a formylating agent are added to a fourth solvent, and the mixture is refluxed at 80 to 150° C. to perform a Vilsmeier-Haack reaction for 8 to 48 hours to obtain compound E.

8. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: Compound E and the first compound are added to the fifth solvent, and then an acid binding agent is added, and the mixture is refluxed at a temperature of 60 to 100° C. to perform a Knoevenagel reaction for 12 to 24 hours to obtain compound F.

9. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: Compound F and a heavy metal salt are added to a sixth solvent, and then a sixth catalyst is added, and a complex reaction is carried out at a temperature of 80 to 150° C. under alkaline conditions for 48 to 72 hours to obtain the metal complex receptor material.

10. A photoelectric device comprising a photosensitive layer, characterized in that: The photosensitive layer comprises the metal complex receptor material according to any one of claims 1-2.

Images