A foldable formwork device for filling concrete in tunnel inverts

Abstract

The present invention provides a folding formwork device for filling concrete in a tunnel inverted arch, belonging to the technical field of inverted arch construction equipment. The device comprises two parallel longitudinal main beams, two sets of folding formwork units, a crossbeam, an end blocking formwork and a travel unit. Each set of folding formwork units is respectively arranged on one longitudinal main beam, and the two sets of folding formwork units are symmetrically arranged. Each set of folding formwork units comprises a plurality of sub-formworks hinged in sequence. A driving mechanism is provided on the side of the sub-formworks facing away from the casting surface, for driving the plurality of sub-formworks to form at least two set shapes for respectively casting the inverted arch body and the supporting bottom plate. The crossbeam is provided at one end of the longitudinal main beam and connects the two longitudinal main beams. The end blocking formwork is provided on the inner side of the crossbeam. The travel unit is provided on the longitudinal main beam and is used to drive the longitudinal main beam to move along the construction advancement direction. The present invention solves the technical problems of high labor intensity, low efficiency and long construction period in existing inverted arch construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of inverted arch construction equipment, and in particular relates to a foldable formwork device used for filling concrete in a tunnel inverted arch. Background Art

[0002] A tunnel invert is an arched structure located at the base of the tunnel lining. Its shape resembles an inverted bowl. This arched structure effectively transfers pressure from above to the sides and below, dispersing it through the mechanical properties of the arch. For example, in mountain tunnels, where high mountain pressure is present, the inverted arch effectively converts vertical pressure into horizontal thrust, dispersing it into the surrounding rock and soil.

[0003] The construction of tunnel invert filling concrete involves two parts of the structure, such as Figure 1 The figures show the inverted arch body 1 at the tunnel bottom and the supporting base plate 2 at the top of the inverted arch body 1. The existing construction method for these two parts is to set up two sets of formwork separately. During the construction of the inverted arch body, the formwork specially constructed for the inverted arch is used for pouring. After the inverted arch body is poured, the inverted arch formwork is removed and the base plate formwork is installed, and then the base plate is poured. This construction method requires repeated disassembly and assembly of the two sets of formwork, which is labor-intensive, inefficient, and time-consuming.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an improved technical solution to the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a foldable formwork device for filling concrete in a tunnel invert, so as to solve the technical problems of high labor intensity, low efficiency and long construction period in the existing invert construction.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the foldable formwork device for filling concrete in a tunnel invert of the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A foldable formwork device for filling concrete in a tunnel invert, comprising:

[0008] Two parallel longitudinal main beams;

[0009] Two sets of folding formwork units, each set of the folding formwork units is respectively arranged on a longitudinal main beam, the two sets of folding formwork units are symmetrically arranged, each set of folding formwork units includes a plurality of sub-formworks hinged in sequence, and a driving mechanism is provided on the side of the sub-formworks facing away from the casting surface, for driving the plurality of sub-formworks to form at least two set shapes for casting the inverted arch body and the supporting base plate respectively;

[0010] a crossbeam, the crossbeam being arranged at one end of the longitudinal main beam and connecting the two longitudinal main beams;

[0011] End blocking formwork, which is arranged on the inner side of the beam and is used to cooperate with two sets of folding formwork units to facilitate pouring;

[0012] A travel unit is provided on the longitudinal main beam and is used for driving the longitudinal main beam (3) to move along the construction advancement direction.

[0013] As a further optimized technical solution, the multiple sub-templates include a first sub-template, a second sub-template, a third sub-template and a fourth sub-template; the first sub-template is fixedly arranged on the outside of the longitudinal main beam, and the bottom end of the first sub-template is bent and extended toward the inside of the longitudinal main beam; one end of the second sub-template is hinged to the bottom end of the first sub-template, and the other end is hinged to the third sub-template; the end of the third sub-template away from the second sub-template is hinged to the fourth sub-template.

[0014] As a further optimized technical solution, the driving mechanism is a linear telescopic driving structure, which is used to drive multiple sub-templates to form a set shape.

[0015] As a further optimized technical solution, the linear telescopic drive structure includes a first telescopic cylinder, a second telescopic cylinder and a third telescopic cylinder; one end of the first telescopic cylinder is hinged to the longitudinal main beam, and the other end is hinged to the second sub-template, one end of the second telescopic cylinder is hinged to the second sub-template, and the other end is hinged to the third sub-template, one end of the third telescopic cylinder is hinged to the third sub-template, and the other end is hinged to the fourth sub-template.

[0016] As a further optimized technical solution, the travel unit includes:

[0017] A connecting component, the connecting component is fixedly arranged on the crossbeam and is used for connecting to an external pulling drive source;

[0018] An extension component, the extension component being arranged at an end of the longitudinal main beam away from the cross beam;

[0019] The walking wheel is hinged below the extension component, and the bottom of the walking wheel is used to contact the completed supporting base plate.

[0020] As a further optimized technical solution, the extension component is further provided with a driving unit for driving the travel wheel to rotate.

[0021] As a further optimized technical solution, the foldable formwork device for filling tunnel inverts with concrete further includes a front telescopic support component and a rear telescopic support component, wherein the front telescopic support component is arranged below the crossbeam, and the rear telescopic support component is arranged below the extension component.

[0022] As a further optimized technical solution, clamping units for clamping the waterstop are arranged at intervals on the outer side of the beam.

[0023] As a further optimized technical solution, the clamping unit includes two oppositely arranged clamping plates, and the top ends of the two clamping plates are hinged to facilitate clamping of the waterstop.

[0024] As a further optimized technical solution, a limiting unit for limiting the steel bars is provided on the outer side of the longitudinal main beam. The limiting unit includes a longitudinally arranged fixing plate, on which slots with openings facing outward and used for clamping the steel bars are arranged at intervals.

[0025] Beneficial Effects: The foldable formwork device for tunnel invert concrete filling of the present invention can sequentially complete the pouring of the invert body and the supporting base plate by adjusting the shape of the folding formwork units without disassembling the formwork. This avoids the tedious process of repeatedly disassembling and assembling the formwork in traditional construction methods, greatly shortens the construction period, and significantly improves construction efficiency. In addition, by using the technical solution of the present invention, the labor intensity of construction personnel is effectively reduced due to the reduced number of times the formwork is disassembled and assembled, while also reducing the construction safety risks that may be caused by the disassembly and assembly of the formwork. Finally, the unique formwork structure design of the present invention and the coordinated operation of its various components ensure the sealing and stability of the pouring mold cavity, facilitate the uniform pouring and vibration of concrete, and thus ensure the construction quality of the invert and supporting base plate. At the same time, the provision of the clamping unit and the limiting unit further improves the waterproof performance and overall strength of the tunnel structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The drawings and the accompanying drawings, which constitute part of this application, are intended to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are intended to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. Among them:

[0027] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the tunnel invert filling construction;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of part A;

[0030] Figure 4 A schematic side view of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a construction diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a driving unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] In the figure: 1. inverted arch body; 2. supporting base plate; 3. longitudinal main beam; 4. folding formwork unit; 401. first sub-formwork; 402. second sub-formwork; 403. third sub-formwork; 404. fourth sub-formwork; 5. crossbeam; 6. end blocking formwork; 7. driving mechanism; 701. first telescopic oil cylinder; 702. second telescopic oil cylinder; 703. third telescopic oil cylinder; 8. connecting part; 9. extension part; 10. walking wheel; 11. driving unit; 12. front telescopic support part; 13. rear telescopic support part; 14. clamping unit; 1401. splint; 15. limiting unit; 1501. fixing plate; 1502. slot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and do not require that the present invention must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be understood as limitations on the present invention. The terms "connected" and "connected" used in the present invention should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate component. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0036] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with embodiments. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0037] The shapes and sizes of the components in the drawings do not reflect the actual proportions of the products, and are only intended to illustrate the contents of the present invention.

[0038] The present invention provides a foldable formwork device for filling concrete in a tunnel inverted arch. By arranging foldable formwork units on a longitudinal main beam and adjusting the shape of the foldable formwork units, the pouring construction of the inverted arch body and the supporting base plate is completed in sequence. This avoids the tedious process of repeatedly disassembling and assembling the formwork in traditional construction methods, greatly shortens the construction period, and significantly improves construction efficiency.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] like Figure 2-6As shown, the foldable formwork device for filling concrete in a tunnel invert includes a longitudinal main beam 3, a foldable formwork unit 4, a cross beam 5 and a travel unit.

[0041] There are two longitudinal main beams 3, which are parallel to each other and symmetrically arranged, providing the main supporting structure and bearing foundation for the entire device, ensuring the stability of the device and the overall structural strength during the construction process.

[0042] The folding formwork units 4 comprise two sets, each symmetrically positioned on a longitudinal main beam 3. Each set comprises multiple hinged sub-forms. A drive mechanism 7 is located on the side of the sub-forms facing away from the casting surface, which is used to steer the sub-forms into at least two predefined configurations for casting the inverted arch body 1 and the supporting base plate 2. Specifically, the sub-forms include a first sub-form 401, a second sub-form 402, a third sub-form 403, and a fourth sub-form 404. The first sub-form 401 is fixed to the outside of the longitudinal main beam 3, with its bottom end curved and extending inward. The second sub-form 402 is hinged at one end to the bottom of the first sub-form 401 and at its other end to the third sub-form 403. The third sub-form 403, with its end facing away from the second sub-form 402, is hinged to the fourth sub-form 404. The drive mechanism 7 utilizes a linear telescopic drive structure, comprised of a first telescopic cylinder 701, a second telescopic cylinder 702, and a third telescopic cylinder 703. One end of the first telescopic cylinder 701 is hinged to the longitudinal main beam 3, and the other end is hinged to the second sub-form 402. The second telescopic cylinder 702 is hinged to the second sub-form 402 at one end, and the other end is hinged to the third sub-form 403. The third telescopic cylinder 703 is hinged to the third sub-form 403 at one end, and the other end is hinged to the fourth sub-form 404. Through the telescopic movement of each telescopic cylinder, the relative position and angle of the sub-forms are precisely controlled, allowing for the combination of formworks of different shapes.

[0043] Please refer to Figure 5 When pouring the inverted arch body 1, the first telescopic oil cylinder 701 pushes the second sub-template 402 to rotate downward. At the same time, the second telescopic oil cylinder 702 pushes the third sub-template 403, so that it maintains a large angle with the second sub-template 402. The third telescopic oil cylinder 703 pushes the fourth sub-template 404 to rotate around the third sub-template 403, so that the fourth sub-template 404 maintains a large angle with the third sub-template 403. In this way, the four sub-templates can form an arc shape that matches the top surface of the inverted arch body 1 (such as Figure 5The dotted line portion shows the situation). At this time, the inverted arch body 1 can be formed by pouring concrete in the space formed between the two folding template units 4. After the inverted arch body 1 is poured, the first telescopic oil cylinder 701 pulls the second sub-template 402 upward until the second sub-template 402 is in a horizontal state. At the same time, the second telescopic oil cylinder 702 and the third telescopic oil cylinder 703 adjust the third sub-template 403 and the fourth sub-template 404 so that the third sub-template 403 is used to form the side of the supporting base plate 2. At this time, the folding template unit 4 forms a shape that is compatible with the supporting base plate 2 and is used to pour the supporting base plate 2 (such as Figure 5 At the same time, the two fourth sub-forms 404 can be adjusted to form a "trumpet-shaped" shape with a larger top and a smaller bottom, which plays a guiding role in the concrete pouring process, making it easier to pour concrete on the top of the inverted arch body 1, thereby further facilitating the pouring of concrete.

[0044] A crossbeam 5 is mounted at one end of the longitudinal main beams 3 to connect the two longitudinal main beams 3. Specifically, the crossbeam 5 is securely connected to the longitudinal main beams 3 using high-strength bolts or welding, forming a stable frame structure together with the longitudinal main beams 3. In other words, the crossbeam 5 serves to laterally reinforce and stabilize the structure, while also providing a support platform for the installation of other components.

[0045] The end blocking formwork 6 is arranged on the inner side of the cross beam 5 and works in conjunction with the two sets of folding formwork units 4. Specifically, during the pouring process, the end blocking formwork 6 is arranged at the front end of the longitudinal main beam 3. After the device completes pouring a section of structure, it moves forward a distance to continue pouring, thereby forming a continuous inverted arch structure. Therefore, during pouring, the folding formwork units 4 on both sides and the end blocking formwork 6 and the front end face of the completed pouring structure together form a complete pouring mold cavity, ensuring that the concrete will not leak during the pouring process and ensuring the pouring quality.

[0046] The traveling unit is located on the longitudinal main beam 3 and is responsible for driving the longitudinal main beam 3 to move along the construction advancement direction.

[0047] In this embodiment, the traveling unit includes a connecting component 8 , an extending component 9 and traveling wheels 10 .

[0048] Connecting member 8 is fixedly mounted on crossbeam 5 for connection to an external pulling drive source, such as a traction device. In the present invention, connecting member 8 is a connecting lug, and the traction device is an inverted arch trestle. After completing a section of construction, the inverted arch trestle is pulled forward a distance by connecting member 8 to continue construction.

[0049] The extension member 9 is arranged at one end of the longitudinal main beam 3 away from the cross beam 5; the running wheel 10 is hinged below the extension member 9, and the bottom is used to contact the completed support base plate 2. This can reduce the difficulty of pulling the device for the inverted arch trestle.

[0050] Furthermore, the extension part 9 is also provided with a driving unit 11 for driving the running wheel 10 to rotate. Figure 6 As shown, the driving unit 11 in this embodiment has a motor and a reducer. The reducer drives the walking wheel 10 to rotate through a transmission chain, so that the device can be further pushed to move from the rear end, and cooperate with the inverted arch trestle to make the movement of the device more flexible.

[0051] In addition, the foldable formwork device for filling tunnel inverts with concrete also includes a front telescopic support member 12 and a rear telescopic support member 13. The front telescopic support member 12 is arranged below the crossbeam 5, and the rear telescopic support member 13 is arranged below the extension member 9. During construction, the support member 12 can be extended or retracted as needed to assist in supporting the device and improve its stability at different stages of construction.

[0052] Specifically, the front telescopic support component 12 includes a lifting cylinder and a supporting screw, while the rear telescopic support component 13 uses a lifting cylinder or supporting screw. During the pouring process, the front and rear telescopic support components 12 and 13 work together to support the device in a stable working position. During this process, the running wheels 10 are suspended in the air. After pouring is completed, the front and rear telescopic support components 12 and 13 retract upward a certain distance, and the running wheels 10 are lowered, and the travel unit drives the device forward a certain distance.

[0053] Furthermore, if Figure 3 As shown, clamping units 14 for holding the waterstop are spaced apart on the outside of the crossbeam 5. These clamping units 14 comprise two opposing clamping plates 1401, hinged at their top ends for easy opening and closing. These clamping plates 1401 securely hold the waterstop, preventing concrete leakage and ensuring tunnel waterproofing. Torsion springs can be installed at the hinged locations to maintain the two clamping plates 1401 in a relative position, facilitating the clamping of the waterstop installed at both ends of the inverted arch body 1 during the pouring process.

[0054] Furthermore, a limiting unit 15 for limiting the position of the steel bars is provided on the outer side of the longitudinal main beam 3. The limiting unit 15 includes a longitudinally arranged fixing plate 1501. The fixing plate 1501 is provided with slots 1502 with openings facing outwards and used for clamping the steel bars at intervals. During the concrete pouring process, the limiting unit 15 can effectively fix the position of the steel bars to avoid displacement of the steel bars caused by vibration during the pouring process, thereby ensuring the strength of the inverted arch structure.

[0055] The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

[0056] When the inverted arch body 1 needs to be cast, the drive mechanism 7 is activated. The first telescopic cylinder 701 is actuated, pushing the second sub-form 402 to rotate about its hinge point with the first sub-form 401, tilting it outward. Simultaneously, the second and third telescopic cylinders 702 and 703 work in tandem to adjust the positions and angles of the third and fourth sub-forms 403 and 404, allowing the multiple sub-forms to be combined into a shape suitable for casting the inverted arch body 1. This ensures that the casting mold cavity matches the designed contour of the inverted arch body 1. The inverted arch body 1 is then cast into the mold cavity.

[0057] After the inverted arch body 1 is cast, the drive mechanism 7 is activated again. The first telescopic cylinder 701 contracts, pulling the second sub-form 402 inward. The second and third telescopic cylinders 702 and 703 adjust accordingly, allowing the multiple sub-forms to form a shape suitable for casting the support base slab 2, preparing for construction of the support base slab 2.

[0058] During the entire construction process, according to the construction progress and actual needs, the external traction equipment is connected through the connecting component 8, and the driving unit (including the walking wheel 10 and the driving unit 11) is used to drive the device to move along the construction advancement direction, while cooperating with the telescopic operation of the front telescopic support component 12 and the rear telescopic support component 13 to ensure that the device always maintains a stable working state.

[0059] It will be understood that the above description is merely exemplary and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0060] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the pending claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A foldable formwork device for filling concrete in a tunnel invert, characterized in that: include: Two parallel longitudinal main beams (3); Two sets of folding template units (4), each set of the folding template units (4) is respectively arranged on a longitudinal main beam (3), the two sets of folding template units (4) are symmetrically arranged, each set of the folding template units (4) includes a plurality of sub-templates hinged in sequence, and a driving mechanism (7) is provided on the side of the sub-template facing away from the casting surface, for driving the plurality of sub-templates to form at least two set shapes for respectively casting the inverted arch body (1) and the supporting base plate (2); A crossbeam (5), the crossbeam (5) being arranged at one end of the longitudinal main beam (3) and connecting the two longitudinal main beams (3); An end blocking template (6), the end blocking template (6) being arranged on the inner side of the crossbeam (5) and being used for cooperating with the two sets of folding template units (4) to facilitate pouring; A travel unit, the travel unit being arranged on the longitudinal main beam (3) and being used to drive the longitudinal main beam (3) to move along a construction advancement direction; The travel unit includes: A connecting component (8), the connecting component (8) being fixedly arranged on the crossbeam (5) and used for connecting to an external pulling drive source; An extension component (9), the extension component (9) being arranged at one end of the longitudinal main beam (3) away from the cross beam (5); A running wheel (10), the running wheel (10) being hinged below the extension component (9), with the bottom thereof being used to contact the completed supporting base plate (2); The extension component (9) is further provided with a driving unit (11) for driving the running wheel (10) to rotate; The foldable formwork device for filling concrete in a tunnel invert further comprises a front telescopic support component (12) and a rear telescopic support component (13), wherein the front telescopic support component (12) is arranged below the crossbeam (5), and the rear telescopic support component (13) is arranged below the extension component (9).

2. The foldable formwork device for filling concrete in tunnel inverts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of sub-templates include a first sub-template (401), a second sub-template (402), a third sub-template (403) and a fourth sub-template (404); the first sub-template (401) is fixedly arranged on the outside of the longitudinal main beam (3), the bottom end of the first sub-template (401) is bent and extended toward the inside of the longitudinal main beam (3), one end of the second sub-template (402) is hinged to the bottom end of the first sub-template (401), and the other end is hinged to the third sub-template (403), and the end of the third sub-template (403) away from the second sub-template (402) is hinged to the fourth sub-template (404).

3. The foldable formwork device for filling concrete in tunnel inverts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving mechanism (7) is a linear telescopic driving structure, used for driving the plurality of sub-templates to form a set shape.

4. The foldable formwork device for filling concrete in tunnel inverts according to claim 3, characterized in that: The linear telescopic drive structure comprises a first telescopic oil cylinder (701), a second telescopic oil cylinder (702) and a third telescopic oil cylinder (703); one end of the first telescopic oil cylinder (701) is hinged to the longitudinal main beam (3), and the other end is hinged to the second sub-template (402); one end of the second telescopic oil cylinder (702) is hinged to the second sub-template (402), and the other end is hinged to the third sub-template (403); one end of the third telescopic oil cylinder (703) is hinged to the third sub-template (403), and the other end is hinged to the fourth sub-template (404).

5. The foldable formwork device for filling concrete in a tunnel invert according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Clamping units (14) for clamping the waterstop are arranged at intervals on the outside of the crossbeam (5).

6. The foldable formwork device for filling concrete in tunnel inverts according to claim 5, characterized in that: The clamping unit (14) comprises two clamping plates (1401) arranged opposite to each other, and the top ends of the two clamping plates (1401) are hinged to facilitate clamping the waterstop.

7. The foldable formwork device for filling concrete in a tunnel invert according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: A limiting unit (15) for limiting the position of steel bars is provided on the outside of the longitudinal main beam (3). The limiting unit (15) comprises a longitudinally arranged fixing plate (1501). The fixing plate (1501) is provided with slots (1502) with openings facing outwards and for clamping steel bars arranged at intervals.

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