Garbage treatment system for inhibiting advanced combustion of medical garbage

Abstract

The invention discloses a garbage treatment system for inhibiting advanced combustion of medical garbage in the technical field of medical garbage treatment, and the garbage treatment system comprises a medical garbage pretreatment system for performing high-temperature cooking sterilization and disinfection on the medical garbage; the crusher is used for crushing the disinfected medical waste so as to facilitate combustion; the garbage pool is used for temporarily storing the crushed medical garbage and household garbage; the waste incineration system is used for incinerating medical waste and household waste; the flue gas treatment system is used for purifying harmful flue gas generated by waste incineration, and the proportion of oxygen to inert gas in the clean flue gas exhausted by the flue gas treatment system is lower than that of oxygen to inert gas in air; and the flue gas introduction device is used for introducing the clean flue gas into the crusher so as to reduce the probability of fire breakout of the garbage in the crusher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of medical waste treatment, and in particular to a waste treatment system for inhibiting premature combustion of medical waste. Background Art

[0002] Medical waste needs to be incinerated just like domestic waste. However, unlike domestic waste incineration, medical waste needs to be sterilized and then crushed before incineration. In order to reduce the overall construction and operation costs, a medical waste pretreatment system can be built in the domestic waste incineration power plant. The medical waste is sterilized by high-temperature boiling and disinfected through the pretreatment system, turning it from hazardous waste into ordinary waste. After crushing and destruction, it is sent to the garbage pool through a closed conveyor belt and mixed with domestic waste. Finally, it enters the boiler incineration system together with domestic waste for harmless coordinated incineration. Medical waste and domestic waste can share incineration facilities and flue gas treatment systems, which is conducive to reducing the overall construction and operation costs.

[0003] However, medical waste is prone to fire during the crushing process. The causes of fire are as follows:

[0004] 1. Due to the poor classification of medical waste in hospitals, some scrapped electronic equipment is often mixed in. The lithium batteries equipped in them will quickly increase in temperature under the squeezing and tearing of the crusher, and will also smoke and catch fire.

[0005] 2. Medical waste contains metal products, such as discarded needles, tweezers, pliers, etc. During the crushing process, the collision and friction between these metal products and the crusher blades will generate sparks, which will ignite the medical waste.

[0006] 3. The process of high-temperature steaming and sterilization before medical waste is crushed and destroyed is to pass high-temperature steam above 134°C and maintain it in a closed tank for more than 45 minutes, which is equivalent to steam drying the medical waste. Medical waste itself is rich in non-woven fabrics, plastics and other components with high calorific value, and is very easy to ignite after drying.

[0007] After the medical waste is crushed by the crusher, it is connected to the garbage pool through a closed conveyor belt. Once a fire occurs during the crushing process, the crushed medical waste can easily bring the fire source into the garbage pool, causing the garbage pool to catch fire. The amount of garbage in the garbage pool is large. Once a fire occurs, the fire spreads rapidly and it is extremely difficult to extinguish the fire.

[0008] At present, the fire prevention measures for crushers mainly include installing flame detection devices and fire extinguishing devices inside the crusher or in the closed conveyor belt, with an automatic interlocking control system between the two. However, these measures can only alarm and extinguish fire after the fire occurs, and cannot fundamentally prevent the occurrence of fire. In addition, some fires do not form flames in the early stage, and are buried under unburned garbage on the conveyor belt, and do not emit smoke, similar to the "smoldering" state, which is difficult to detect with existing flame detection devices.

[0009] In summary, medical waste is prone to catch fire during the crushing process, and existing fire prevention measures cannot prevent fires from occurring. Summary of the invention

[0010] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a waste treatment system for inhibiting premature combustion of medical waste, so as to solve the technical problem in the prior art that medical waste is prone to catch fire during the crushing process and the existing fire prevention measures cannot prevent the occurrence of fire.

[0011] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention specifically provides a waste treatment system for inhibiting premature combustion of medical waste, comprising:

[0012] Medical waste pretreatment system, used for high-temperature steaming and sterilization of medical waste;

[0013] Crusher, used to crush disinfected medical waste for easy burning;

[0014] Garbage pool, used to temporarily store crushed medical waste and domestic waste;

[0015] Waste incineration system, used to incinerate medical waste and domestic waste;

[0016] A flue gas treatment system, used for purifying harmful flue gas generated by waste incineration, wherein the ratio of oxygen to inert gas in the clean flue gas discharged by the flue gas treatment system is lower than that in the air;

[0017] The smoke introduction device is used to introduce the clean smoke into the crusher to reduce the probability of garbage fire in the crusher.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the garbage disposal system also includes a steam transfer pipeline, the two ends of which are respectively connected to the steam outlet of the power generation turbine in the garbage incineration system and the crusher, so as to transfer the low-pressure water vapor extracted by the power generation turbine into the crusher to prevent the garbage in the crusher from catching fire.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the smoke transfer device includes a smoke transfer pipe and a smoke transfer fan connected to the smoke transfer pipe, the two ends of the smoke transfer pipe are respectively connected to the exhaust port of the smoke treatment system and the silo of the crusher, and the smoke transfer fan is used to input clean smoke into the crusher.

[0020] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the crusher is provided with a porous smoke nozzle connected to the smoke transfer pipe, and the porous smoke nozzle is used to quickly and evenly spread the clean smoke in the crusher.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the garbage disposal system also includes a chimney connected to the exhaust port of the flue gas treatment system, an exhaust draft fan is arranged between the chimney and the flue gas treatment system, and the flue gas transfer duct is connected between the exhaust draft fan and the chimney.

[0022] As a preferred solution of the present invention, a porous steam nozzle is installed in the crusher, and the porous steam nozzle is used to quickly and evenly spread steam in the crusher.

[0023] As a preferred solution of the present invention, a closed conveyor belt is further provided between the crusher and the garbage pool, and the closed conveyor belt is used to transport the garbage crushed by the crusher to the garbage pool;

[0024] The smoke guiding duct and the steam guiding duct are respectively provided with branch ducts connected with the closed conveyor belt.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] The flue gas purified by the flue gas treatment system is introduced into the crusher through the flue gas introduction device. Since the flue gas contains more than 90% of inert gases such as carbon dioxide and nitrogen, which do not support combustion, it can isolate oxygen and extinguish sparks, fundamentally preventing medical waste from burning during the crushing and transmission process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the implementation methods or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only exemplary, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other implementation drawings can be derived from the provided drawings without creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when only the smoke guiding device is provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure when a smoke guiding device and a steam guiding pipeline are provided at the same time in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] The numbers in the figure represent the following:

[0031] 1-crusher, 2-enclosed conveyor belt, 3-garbage pool, 4-garbage incineration system, 5-flue gas treatment system, 6-exhaust induced draft fan, 7-chimney, 8-power generation steam turbine, 9-flue gas induced draft fan, 10-medical waste pretreatment system, 11-flue gas induced draft pipeline, 12-steam induced draft pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] The present invention specifically provides a waste treatment system for inhibiting premature combustion of medical waste, comprising:

[0034] The medical waste pretreatment system 10 is used to sterilize and disinfect the medical waste by high-temperature boiling;

[0035] Crusher 1, used to crush the sterilized medical waste for burning;

[0036] Garbage pool 3, used for temporarily storing crushed medical waste and domestic waste;

[0037] Waste incineration system 4, used for incinerating medical waste and domestic waste;

[0038] The flue gas treatment system 5 is used to purify harmful flue gas generated by garbage incineration, and the ratio of oxygen to inert gas in the clean flue gas discharged by the flue gas treatment system 5 is lower than the ratio of oxygen to inert gas in the air;

[0039] The smoke introduction device is used to introduce clean smoke into the crusher 1 to reduce the probability of garbage fire in the crusher 1.

[0040] The waste incineration system 4 generates a large amount of flue gas when burning waste, which is discharged into the atmosphere after being purified by the flue gas treatment system 5 and meets the standards. The oxygen content in the clean flue gas is generally maintained at 6% to 10%, so the clean flue gas contains more than 90% of inert gases such as carbon dioxide and nitrogen. The purified flue gas is introduced into the crusher 1 through the flue gas introduction device. Since the flue gas components are mainly inert gases that do not support combustion, it can isolate oxygen and extinguish sparks, fundamentally preventing the combustion of medical waste during the crushing and transmission process.

[0041] Furthermore, the garbage disposal system also includes a steam transfer pipe 12, both ends of which are respectively connected to the steam outlet of the power generation turbine 8 in the garbage incineration system 4 and the crusher 1, so as to transfer the low-pressure water vapor extracted by the power generation turbine 8 into the crusher 1 to prevent the garbage in the crusher 1 from catching fire.

[0042] The steam turbine 8 of the waste incineration system 4 generally has an industrial steam extraction port, which can extract low-pressure water vapor. Water vapor has a good effect of isolating air. When it is introduced into the crusher 1, the water vapor will fill the crusher 1, isolating the contact between oxygen and medical waste. Moreover, the steam will condense into water on the surface of the medical waste. Even if sparks are generated during crushing, they will be extinguished by the condensed water, thereby preventing the medical waste from catching fire during the crushing process.

[0043] Furthermore, the smoke transfer device includes a smoke transfer pipe 11 and a smoke transfer fan 9 connected to the smoke transfer pipe 11. The two ends of the smoke transfer pipe 11 are respectively connected to the exhaust port of the smoke treatment system 5 and the silo of the crusher 1. The smoke transfer fan 9 is used to input clean smoke into the crusher 1.

[0044] When the smoke introduction fan 9 is working, it can actively blow the clean smoke from one side of the smoke treatment system 5 into the other side of the crusher 1. By changing the rotation speed of the smoke introduction fan 9, the efficiency of the clean smoke entering the crusher 1 can be adjusted. The more clean smoke entering the crusher 1 per unit time, the better the combustion suppression effect.

[0045] Furthermore, the crusher 1 is provided with a porous smoke nozzle connected to the smoke introduction pipe 11, and the porous smoke nozzle is used to quickly and evenly spread the clean smoke in the crusher 1.

[0046] Furthermore, the garbage disposal system also includes a chimney 7 connected to the exhaust port of the smoke treatment system 5, an exhaust draft fan 6 is arranged between the chimney 7 and the smoke treatment system 5, and a smoke transfer duct 11 is connected between the exhaust draft fan 6 and the chimney 7.

[0047] The reason why the smoke transfer duct 11 is connected between the exhaust draft fan 6 and the chimney 7 is that if the smoke transfer duct 11 is connected upstream of the exhaust draft fan 6, the exhaust draft fan 6 and the smoke transfer fan 9 will simultaneously extract clean air from the smoke purification system.

[0048] For example, the flue gas purification system discharges two portions of clean flue gas per unit time. If the flue gas duct 11 is connected to the upstream of the exhaust draft fan 6, and the exhaust draft fan 6 and the flue gas duct fan 9 have the same power, the flue gas duct fan 9 can only extract one portion of clean flue gas.

[0049] If the smoke introduction pipe 11 is connected between the exhaust draft fan 6 and the chimney 7, the smoke introduction fan 9 extracts clean smoke from the outlet of the exhaust draft fan 6. When the exhaust draft fan 6 and the smoke introduction fan 9 work at the same power, the smoke introduction fan 9 can extract two portions of clean smoke to avoid the situation where the clean smoke is insufficient. And when the smoke introduction fan 9 only needs to extract one portion of clean smoke, the power can be reduced to save energy.

[0050] Furthermore, a porous steam nozzle is installed in the crusher 1 , and the porous steam nozzle is used to quickly and evenly spread the steam in the crusher 1 .

[0051] Furthermore, a closed conveyor belt 2 is provided between the crusher 1 and the garbage pool 3 , and the closed conveyor belt 2 is used to transport the garbage crushed by the crusher 1 to the garbage pool 3 .

[0052] As required, interfaces for clean flue gas and steam can also be provided on the closed conveyor belt 2 , connected to the flue gas extradition duct 11 and the steam extradition duct 12 , so as to introduce clean flue gas and steam into the closed conveyor belt 2 .

[0053] Because the smoke and steam may not be able to fully cover every piece of medical waste, "smoldering" garbage may appear in the crusher 1. Since the content of clean air and steam in the closed conveyor belt 2 is lower than that in the crusher 1, the combustion-supporting effect is reduced, and the "smoldering" garbage may reignite in the closed conveyor belt 2. Introducing clean smoke and steam into the closed conveyor belt 2 can effectively avoid this situation.

[0054] The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. The protection scope of the present application is defined by the claims. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or equivalent substitutions to the present application within the essence and protection scope of the present application, and such modifications or equivalent substitutions shall also be deemed to fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A waste treatment system for inhibiting premature combustion of medical waste, characterized in that: Including the following settings: A medical waste pretreatment system (10) is used to sterilize and disinfect the medical waste by high-temperature boiling; A crusher (1) is used to crush the sterilized medical waste to facilitate burning; Garbage pool (3), used for temporarily storing crushed medical waste and domestic waste; A waste incineration system (4), used for incinerating medical waste and domestic waste; A flue gas treatment system (5) is used to purify harmful flue gas generated by garbage incineration, wherein the ratio of oxygen to inert gas in the clean flue gas discharged by the flue gas treatment system (5) is lower than the ratio of oxygen to inert gas in air; A smoke induction device is used to introduce the clean smoke into the crusher (1) to reduce the probability of garbage fire in the crusher (1).

2. A waste treatment system for inhibiting premature combustion of medical waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The garbage disposal system further comprises a steam transfer pipeline (12), the two ends of which are respectively connected to the steam outlet of the power generation turbine (8) in the garbage incineration system (4) and the crusher (1), so as to transfer the low-pressure water vapor extracted by the power generation turbine (8) into the crusher (1), thereby preventing the garbage in the crusher (1) from catching fire.

3. A waste treatment system for inhibiting premature combustion of medical waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The smoke induction device comprises a smoke induction pipe (11) and a smoke induction fan (9) connected to the smoke induction pipe (11); the two ends of the smoke induction pipe (11) are respectively connected to the exhaust port of the smoke treatment system (5) and the silo of the crusher (1); the smoke induction fan (9) is used to input clean smoke into the crusher (1).

4. A waste treatment system for inhibiting premature combustion of medical waste according to claim 3, characterized in that: The crusher (1) is provided with a multi-porous smoke nozzle connected to the smoke introduction pipe (11), and the multi-porous smoke nozzle is used to quickly and evenly disperse clean smoke in the crusher (1).

5. A waste treatment system for inhibiting premature combustion of medical waste according to claim 3, characterized in that: The garbage disposal system further comprises a chimney (7) connected to the exhaust port of the smoke treatment system (5), an exhaust induced draft fan (6) is arranged between the chimney (7) and the smoke treatment system (5), and the smoke transfer duct (11) is connected between the exhaust induced draft fan (6) and the chimney (7).

6. A waste treatment system for inhibiting premature combustion of medical waste according to claim 2, characterized in that: A multi-porous steam nozzle is installed in the crusher (1), and the multi-porous steam nozzle is used to quickly and evenly spread steam in the crusher (1).

7. A waste treatment system for inhibiting premature combustion of medical waste according to claim 2, characterized in that: A closed conveyor belt (2) is also provided between the crusher (1) and the garbage pool (3), and the closed conveyor belt (2) is used to transport the garbage crushed by the crusher (1) to the garbage pool (3); The smoke guiding pipe (11) and the steam guiding pipe (12) are respectively provided with branch pipes connected to the closed conveyor belt (2).

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