Special wear-resistant thermocouple for petroleum catalytic cracking device

Abstract

The invention discloses a special wear-resistant thermocouple for a petroleum catalytic cracking unit, and belongs to the technical field of thermocouples, the special wear-resistant thermocouple for the petroleum catalytic cracking unit comprises a body, a sleeve for protecting a temperature measuring element is arranged on the body, a mounting flange is sleeved on the periphery of the body in a threaded manner, and the special wear-resistant thermocouple further comprises a rotating ring coaxial with the sleeve. The sleeve penetrates out of a middle hole of the rotating ring; the protection part is fixedly connected to the periphery of the rotating ring, the cross section of the protection part is L-shaped, and the tip of the outer contour of the protection part faces the radial outer side of the rotating ring; the damping unit is arranged on the rotating ring and used for generating damping force for rotation of the rotating ring. The tip part of the protection part faces the front end of the fluid flowing direction, then the protection part protects the sleeve, in addition, damping force can be generated on the protection part through the damping unit, when the fluid flowing speed is increased, the rotation damping force borne by the protection part is large, the protection part is prevented from rotating automatically, and the service life of the sleeve is prolonged. Therefore, the casing pipe cannot be protected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of thermocouples, and in particular relates to a special wear-resistant thermocouple for a petroleum catalytic cracking device. Background Art

[0002] Catalytic cracking is one of the oil refining processes. It is a process in which heavy oil undergoes a cracking reaction under the action of heat and catalysts and is converted into products such as cracked gas, gasoline and diesel. In the device for catalytic cracking, a temperature measuring element for measuring the temperature in the device needs to be set to monitor the catalytic cracking process. At present, the main temperature measuring part of this temperature measuring element uses a thermocouple. The working principle of the thermocouple is based on the thermoelectric effect. The thermoelectric effect refers to the fact that when two different metal terminals are connected into a closed loop, if there is a temperature difference between the two metal terminals, an electric current will be generated in the closed loop. The metal terminal with a higher temperature is called a hot junction and is often set at the temperature measurement location; the metal terminal with a lower temperature is called a cold junction and is often used as the output end of the thermocouple, and its output signal is converted into a readable temperature value.

[0003] At present, when the petroleum catalytic cracking unit is in working condition, its internal working temperature is 550℃-750℃; the working pressure is about 0.018MPa; the flow rate of the internal fluid medium is 10-20m / s, and can reach up to 30-60m / s; the hardness of the catalyst in the internal medium is IIV1700-2200. It can be seen that the thermocouple should have considerable wear resistance to cope with the erosion of the medium in the working environment. For this reason, the thermocouple temperature measuring part extending into the medium in the catalytic cracking unit is often covered with a temperature measuring element sleeve, and the temperature measuring element sleeve base is coated with a wear-resistant layer to prevent the temperature measuring element sleeve from being eroded by the medium, thereby extending the service life of the temperature measuring element.

[0004] Although the prior art uses a sleeve to increase the service life of the temperature measuring element, the sleeve generally has a thin wall thickness, resulting in low rigidity, so the sleeve needs to be replaced regularly, resulting in increased costs. In addition, the replacement process is also cumbersome, affecting production efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the above-mentioned prior art and provide a special wear-resistant thermocouple for petroleum catalytic cracking device.

[0006] The technical solution adopted to solve the above technical problems is: A wear-resistant thermocouple specially used for petroleum catalytic cracking device, comprising a thermocouple body, a sleeve for protecting a temperature measuring element is arranged on the body, a mounting flange is threadedly sleeved on the periphery of the body, and further comprising: A rotating ring rotatably connected to the end surface of the mounting flange, the rotating ring being coaxial with the sleeve, and the sleeve passing through a hole in the rotating ring; A protection portion fixedly connected to the peripheral edge of the rotating ring, wherein the cross section of the protection portion is L-shaped, and the tip of the outer contour of the protection portion faces the radial outer side of the rotating ring; A damping unit is provided on the rotating ring, and the damping unit is used to generate a damping force on the rotation of the rotating ring.

[0007] Furthermore, a bearing hole is provided on the end surface of the mounting flange, a bearing is installed in the bearing hole, and the rotating ring is installed on the inner ring of the bearing.

[0008] Furthermore, the damping unit includes a damping expansion sleeve fixedly connected to the end face of the mounting flange, the periphery of the damping expansion sleeve being in contact with and connected to the center hole wall of the rotating ring, the damping expansion sleeve being provided with a through hole for the sleeve to pass freely, the periphery of the sleeve being provided with a sliding portion, the sliding portion being coaxially fixedly connected with a driving portion at one end thereof facing the damping expansion sleeve, the outer diameter of the driving portion being successively decreased toward the direction of the damping expansion sleeve, the end of the damping expansion sleeve being provided with a tapered hole which forms a taper match with the driving portion, the periphery of the damping expansion sleeve being provided with a plurality of deformation seams which are communicated with the tapered hole, the protective portion being provided with a driving structure which is used to drive the sliding portion to move toward the direction of the damping expansion sleeve so that the driving portion is engaged with the tapered hole.

[0009] Furthermore, the driving structure includes a swing arm rotatably connected to the lower outer wall of the protective part, the end of the swing arm away from the protective part is fixedly connected to a swing plate, the surface of the swing plate is hinged with a hinge rod, and the end of the hinge rod away from the swing plate is hinged to the outer wall of the sliding part.

[0010] Furthermore, the drive portion has a blind hole in the form of a mounting hole on the end face of the mounting flange, a return spring is installed in the mounting hole, and both ends of the return spring in the elastic force direction elastically press against the end face of the mounting flange and the inner wall of the mounting hole respectively.

[0011] Furthermore, a rubber layer is provided around the periphery of the damping expansion sleeve.

[0012] Furthermore, the damping expansion sleeve is made of spring steel.

[0013] Furthermore, a tightening sleeve is sleeved on the bottom end of the sleeve, and the tightening sleeve is provided with a slot for the sleeve to be engaged, and a tensioning unit is provided on the end surface of the sliding part, and the tensioning unit is used to generate a pulling force on the tightening sleeve toward the sliding part.

[0014] Furthermore, the tensioning unit includes a pull rod fixedly connected to the end surface of the sliding portion, an ear block is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the abutting sleeve, the ear block is provided with a through hole for the pull rod to pass freely, and a buffer mechanism is provided on the ear block.

[0015] Furthermore, the buffer mechanism includes a locking nut sleeved on one end of the pull rod away from the sliding portion, a buffer spring is sleeved around the periphery of the pull rod, and both ends of the buffer spring in the elastic force direction elastically press against the locking nut and the ear block respectively.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: In the present invention, the tip of the protection part faces the front end in the direction of fluid flow, so that the protection part protects the sleeve. In addition, the damping unit can generate a damping force on the protection part, so that when the fluid flow rate increases, the rotation damping force on the protection part is larger, thereby preventing the protection part from rotating by itself, thereby failing to protect the sleeve. In the present invention, the fluid impacts the swing plate, so that the swing plate swings toward the direction of the sleeve after being impacted by the fluid, and then the hinge rod drives the sliding part to move toward the direction of the mounting flange, so that the driving part is stuck in the tapered hole and generates a squeezing force on the inner wall of the tapered hole, so that the damping expansion sleeve is elastically expanded and deformed. When the damping expansion sleeve is elastically expanded, its outer diameter increases, so that the peripheral edge of the damping expansion sleeve is pressed against the middle hole wall of the rotating ring, so that the resistance to the rotation of the rotating ring is relatively large, and the rotation resistance of the rotating ring is automatically increased by the impact of the fluid, so as to avoid the protective part from rotating automatically when the fluid flow rate increases; When the sliding part in the present invention moves toward the mounting flange, the pull rod drives the clamping sleeve to move toward the mounting flange, so that the clamping sleeve is pressed against the sleeve along the axial direction of the sleeve to avoid stress concentration in the sleeve. When the sleeve is subjected to lateral impact force of the fluid, the sleeve is deformed due to stress concentration in the sleeve. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a special wear-resistant thermocouple for a petroleum catalytic cracking unit in the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the first-person perspective structure; Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the second perspective structure; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention after omitting the body and the sleeve; Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Schematic diagram of structural explosion decomposition; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure after the mounting flange, the protective part and the sliding part are assembled in the present invention; Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A cross-sectional schematic diagram from another perspective; Figure 8 yes Figure 6 Schematic diagram of structural explosion decomposition; Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the driving part in the present invention; Fig.10 yes Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the structure after being cut open.

[0018] Figure numerals: 1. body; 2. mounting flange; 3. protective part; 4. swing plate; 5. hinge rod; 6. rotating ring; 7. sliding part; 8. sleeve; 9. ear block; 10. tightening sleeve; 11. buffer spring; 12. locking nut; 13. pull rod; 14. swing arm; 15. reset spring; 16. damping expansion sleeve; 17. deformation joint; 18. driving part; 19. tapered hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0020] like Figure 1-Figure 10 As shown, this embodiment provides a special wear-resistant thermocouple for petroleum catalytic cracking device, including a body 1 of the thermocouple, a sleeve 8 for protecting the temperature measuring element is provided on the body 1, a mounting flange 2 is threadedly sleeved on the periphery of the body 1, the mounting flange 2 is mounted on the outer wall of the petroleum catalytic cracking device by means of screws, and the sleeve 8 and the temperature measuring element extend into the petroleum catalytic cracking device, a bearing hole is opened on an end face of the mounting flange 2 facing the inner side of the petroleum catalytic cracking device, a bearing is tightly mounted in the bearing hole, a rotating ring 6 is tightly clamped in the inner ring of the bearing, the rotating ring 6 is coaxial with the sleeve 8, and the sleeve 8 passes through the hole in the rotating ring 6, a part of the end of the rotating ring 6 is exposed from the mounting flange 2, and a protective part 3 is fixedly connected, the cross section of the protective part 3 is L-shaped, and the tip of the outer contour of the protective part 3 faces the radial outside of the rotating ring 6; The damping unit is arranged on the rotating ring 6, and the damping unit is used to generate a damping force for the rotation of the rotating ring 6. The end surface of the mounting flange 2 is fixedly connected with a damping expansion sleeve 16, and the periphery of the damping expansion sleeve 16 is in contact with the middle hole wall of the rotating ring 6. The damping expansion sleeve 16 is provided with a through hole for the sleeve 8 to pass freely. The periphery of the sleeve 8 is sleeved with a sliding portion 7, and the sliding portion 7 is coaxially fixed with a driving portion 18 at one end facing the damping expansion sleeve 16. The outer diameter of the driving portion 18 decreases in sequence toward the direction of the damping expansion sleeve 16, and the end of the damping expansion sleeve 16 is provided with a through hole for the sleeve 8 to pass freely. The portion 18 forms a tapered hole 19 with a taper fit, and a plurality of deformation slits 17 are provided on the periphery of the damping expansion sleeve 16. The deformation slits 17 are connected with the tapered hole 19, and the plurality of deformation slits 17 are arranged in an axial array along the damping expansion sleeve 16; the tip of the protective portion faces the front end in the direction of fluid flow, so that the protective portion protects the casing, and in addition, the damping unit can generate a damping force on the protective portion, so that when the fluid flow rate increases, the rotational damping force on the protective portion is larger, thereby preventing the protective portion from rotating by itself, which makes it impossible to protect the casing.

[0021] The outer wall at the lower side of the protection part 3 is rotatably connected with a swing arm 14, and the end of the swing arm 14 away from the protection part 3 is fixedly connected with a swing plate 4, and a hinge rod 5 is hinged on the surface of the swing plate 4, and the end of the hinge rod 5 away from the swing plate 4 is hinged to the outer wall of the sliding part 7, and the end face of the driving part 18 facing the mounting flange 2 is provided with a mounting hole in the form of a blind hole, and a return spring 15 is installed in the mounting hole, and the two ends of the return spring 15 in the elastic direction elastically press against the end face of the mounting flange 2 and the inner wall of the mounting hole, respectively, and the return spring 15 generates a thrust to the driving part 18 in the direction away from the mounting flange 2, so that the driving part 18 drives the hinge rod 5 to swing, and the hinge rod 5 drives the swing plate 4 along the swing arm 14 rotates at the pivot point on the protective part 3; the fluid impacts the swing plate, so that the swing plate swings in the direction of the sleeve after being impacted by the fluid, and then the hinge rod drives the sliding part to move in the direction of the mounting flange, so that the driving part is stuck in the tapered hole and produces a squeezing force on the inner wall of the tapered hole, so that the damping expansion sleeve is elastically expanded. When the damping expansion sleeve is elastically expanded, its outer diameter increases, so that the peripheral edge of the damping expansion sleeve is pressed against the middle hole wall of the rotating ring, so that the resistance to the rotation of the rotating ring is greater, thereby realizing the automatic increase of the rotation resistance of the rotating ring through the fluid impact, and avoiding the protective part from rotating automatically when the fluid flow rate increases.

[0022] A tightening sleeve 10 is sleeved on the bottom end of the sleeve 8, and the tightening sleeve 10 is provided with a slot for the sleeve 8 to engage, a pull rod 13 is fixedly connected to the end face of the sliding part 7, and an ear block 9 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the tightening sleeve 10, and the ear block 9 is provided with a through hole for the pull rod 13 to pass freely, and a locking nut 12 is sleeved on the end of the pull rod 13 away from the sliding part 7, and a buffer spring 11 is sleeved around the periphery of the pull rod 13, and the two ends of the buffer spring 11 in the elastic force direction elastically press against the locking nut 12 and the ear block 9 respectively; when the sliding part moves toward the direction of the mounting flange, the tightening sleeve is driven by the pull rod to move toward the direction of the mounting flange, so that the tightening sleeve presses against the sleeve along the axial direction of the sleeve to avoid stress concentration in the sleeve, and then when the sleeve is subjected to the lateral impact force of the fluid, the sleeve is deformed due to the stress concentration of the sleeve.

[0023] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: When the fluid flows, it will impact the protective part 3, and the tip of the protective part 3 will automatically face the front end of the fluid flow direction. The sleeve 8 is located inside the protective part 3, so that the protective part 3 protects the sleeve 8, and the sleeve 8 can conduct heat to the fluid normally, so that the temperature measuring element can measure the temperature of the fluid; When the flow rate of the fluid is high, the swing plate 4 is subjected to a large impact force of the fluid, and then drives the hinge rod 5 to swing, so that the hinge rod 5 drives the sliding part 7 to move in the direction of the mounting flange 2, so that the sliding part 7 drives the driving part 18 to move in the direction of the mounting flange 2, and then the driving part 18 is engaged with the tapered hole 19 of the damping expansion sleeve 16, and generates an extrusion force on the inner wall of the tapered hole 19, so that the damping expansion sleeve 16 is stretched, the outer diameter of the damping expansion sleeve 16 is slightly increased, and an extrusion force is generated on the middle hole wall of the rotating ring 6, so that the rotating ring 6 rotates. The resistance is relatively large, which avoids the high flow rate of the fluid. When the protective part 3 is subjected to the impact force of multiple directions when the fluid flows, it sometimes swings by itself. At this time, the tip of the protective part 3 will face the fluid direction corresponding to the maximum impact force, so that the protective part 3 can reliably protect the sleeve 8. In addition, a rubber layer (not shown in the figure) is provided on the periphery of the damping expansion sleeve 16, so that the friction resistance between the periphery of the damping expansion sleeve 16 and the middle hole wall of the rotating ring 6 is relatively large. The damping expansion sleeve 16 is made of spring steel, so that the damping expansion sleeve 16 has good elastic deformation ability; When the sliding portion 7 moves toward the mounting flange 2, the pull rod 13 will be driven to move toward the mounting flange 2, so that the locking nut 12 compresses the buffer spring 11, thereby causing the locking sleeve 10 to exert an axial force on the sleeve 8. The sleeve 8 has a thin wall and when the sleeve 8 is subjected to a radial impact force, stress concentration is not easy to occur on the surface of the sleeve 8, thereby avoiding deformation of the sleeve 8 when subjected to a long-term radial impact.

[0024] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wear-resistant thermocouple specially used for petroleum catalytic cracking device, comprising a thermocouple body (1), the body (1) being provided with a sleeve (8) for protecting a temperature measuring element, the body (1) being threadedly sleeved with a mounting flange (2) on its circumference, characterized in that: Also includes: A rotating ring (6) rotatably connected to the end surface of the mounting flange (2), the rotating ring (6) being coaxial with the sleeve (8), and the sleeve (8) passing through a hole in the rotating ring (6); a protection portion (3) fixedly connected to the periphery of the rotating ring (6), the protection portion (3) having an L-shaped cross section, and a tip of an outer contour of the protection portion (3) facing radially outward of the rotating ring (6); A damping unit is provided on the rotating ring (6), and the damping unit is used to generate a damping force on the rotation of the rotating ring (6).

2. The wear-resistant thermocouple for petroleum catalytic cracking unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A bearing hole is provided on the end surface of the mounting flange (2), a bearing is installed in the bearing hole, and the rotating ring (6) is installed on the inner ring of the bearing.

3. The wear-resistant thermocouple for petroleum catalytic cracking unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The damping unit comprises a damping expansion sleeve (16) fixedly connected to the end surface of the mounting flange (2), the periphery of the damping expansion sleeve (16) being in contact with the central hole wall of the rotating ring (6), the damping expansion sleeve (16) being provided with a through hole for the sleeve (8) to freely pass through, the periphery of the sleeve (8) being sleeved with a sliding portion (7), the sliding portion (7) being coaxially fixedly connected with a driving portion (18) at one end facing the damping expansion sleeve (16), the outer diameter of the driving portion (18) being oriented toward the damping expansion sleeve (16) ), the damping expansion sleeve (16) has an end portion provided with a tapered hole (19) which forms a taper with the driving portion (18), the damping expansion sleeve (16) has a plurality of deformation slits (17) on its periphery, the deformation slits (17) being connected to the tapered hole (19), the protective portion (3) being provided with a driving structure, the driving structure being used to drive the sliding portion (7) to move in the direction of the damping expansion sleeve (16) so that the driving portion (18) is engaged in the tapered hole (19).

4. The wear-resistant thermocouple for petroleum catalytic cracking unit according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The driving structure comprises a swing arm (14) rotatably connected to the lower outer wall of the protective portion (3); one end of the swing arm (14) away from the protective portion (3) is fixedly connected to a swing plate (4); a hinge rod (5) is hinged on the surface of the swing plate (4); and one end of the hinge rod (5) away from the swing plate (4) is hinged to the outer wall of the sliding portion (7).

5. The wear-resistant thermocouple for petroleum catalytic cracking unit according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The drive portion (18) is provided with a blind hole-shaped mounting hole on the end surface facing the mounting flange (2), a return spring (15) is installed in the mounting hole, and both ends of the return spring (15) in the elastic force direction elastically abut against the end surface of the mounting flange (2) and the inner wall of the mounting hole respectively.

6. The wear-resistant thermocouple for petroleum catalytic cracking unit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The damping expansion sleeve (16) is provided with a rubber layer at its periphery.

7. The wear-resistant thermocouple for petroleum catalytic cracking unit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The damping expansion sleeve (16) is made of spring steel.

8. The wear-resistant thermocouple for petroleum catalytic cracking unit according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A tightening sleeve (10) is sleeved on the bottom end of the sleeve (8), and the tightening sleeve (10) is provided with a slot for the sleeve (8) to be engaged. A tensioning unit is provided on the end surface of the sliding portion (7), and the tensioning unit is used to generate a pulling force on the tightening sleeve (10) in the direction of the sliding portion (7).

9. The wear-resistant thermocouple for petroleum catalytic cracking unit according to claim 8, characterized in that: The tensioning unit comprises a pull rod (13) fixedly connected to the end surface of the sliding portion (7); an ear block (9) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the abutting sleeve (10); the ear block (9) is provided with a through hole for the pull rod (13) to pass freely; and a buffer mechanism is provided on the ear block (9).

10. The wear-resistant thermocouple for petroleum catalytic cracking unit according to claim 9, characterized in that: The buffer mechanism comprises a locking nut (12) sleeved on an end of the pull rod (13) away from the sliding portion (7); a buffer spring (11) is sleeved around the periphery of the pull rod (13); and two ends of the buffer spring (11) in the elastic force direction elastically press against the locking nut (12) and the ear block (9) respectively.

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