River flow measuring system

Abstract

The invention discloses a river flow measuring system, which belongs to the technical field of measurement and comprises a control system, a transmission device and a measuring device, the measuring device is used for measuring the water level and the flow velocity of a river in real time and feeding back data to the control system, and the control system is used for collecting, analyzing and processing the data transmitted by the transmission device and the measuring device. The control system is used for controlling operation of the transmission device and the measuring device, the transmission device is used for receiving signals of the control system and transmitting the measuring device to a designated position, and the measuring device comprises a floating body, a liquid level meter and a Doppler current meter. The measuring system realizes multi-position and multi-point real-time online stable measurement of channel flow of a river channel, is accurate in flow velocity measurement, high in precision, stable and reliable, is simple and convenient to install, short in construction period and low in cost, is not influenced by sediment deposition, and is suitable for various river channel flow measurement scenes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of measurement technology, and in particular relates to a river flow measurement system. Background Art

[0002] The key element of river flow measurement is the measurement of the average flow velocity of the river. The traditional flow test is to use a current meter to measure the flow velocity of multiple vertical lines on the water-passing section along the width of the river channel, and then use the partial flow velocity area method to calculate the flow. This method is widely used in the flow calculation of natural rivers, and its operation process is called flow measurement. When a natural river encounters a major flood, the flow velocity is large and there are many floating objects. The flow measurement method of the current meter cannot be implemented. At this time, the buoy method is often used instead. However, since the buoys in the river not only often roll up and down and wander left and right, but also multiple buoys will be squeezed into the middle channel. Moreover, the buoy method measures the average flow velocity of the river section between the upper and lower gradient sections, not the actual flow velocity of the flow measurement section, so the accuracy is not high. When encountering a particularly large flood, the gradient area method can also be used as a backup plan, but because the gradient is not easy to measure accurately, the accuracy is worse than the buoy method.

[0003] In recent years, foreign sonar flow measurement technology has developed rapidly, and electromagnetic and radar velocity meters have also been applied in my country. Compared with traditional velocity meters, they are more advanced in technology and take less time to measure flow, but they are much more expensive than traditional mechanical velocity meters. It is also difficult to use traditional correlation to establish an online real-time flow monitoring system, and the disadvantages of long construction period and high water extension are not easy to overcome.

[0004] Currently, there is no instrument in the world that can measure the average flow velocity of a river. All kinds of flow velocity sensors are used to measure the flow velocity at multiple locations and points in the river, and then the average flow velocity of the river is calculated based on the hydraulic model. Therefore, online real-time measurement of the flow velocity at multiple locations and points in the river is a key factor in measuring river water volume.

[0005] Currently, no effective solution to the above problems has been found. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a river flow measurement system in view of the above shortcomings, which solves the problem of being unable to monitor river flow online in real time, and realizes real-time online stable measurement of channel flow at multiple locations and points in the river. The flow velocity measurement is accurate, highly precise, stable and reliable. At the same time, the system is simple and convenient to install, with a short construction period, low cost, and is not affected by silt deposition.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a river flow measurement system, characterized in that: it includes a control system, a transmission device and a measuring device; Measuring device, used to measure the water level and flow rate of the river in real time and feed the data back to the control system; Control system, which collects, analyzes and processes the data transmitted by the transmission device and the measuring device to control the operation of the transmission device and the measuring device; A transmission device, used to receive a signal from the control system and transport the measuring device to a specified position; The measuring device includes a float, a level gauge and a Doppler flow meter.

[0008] Further, the floating body comprises a head, a frame and a tail fixedly connected, the head having a pointed end; A cross bar is arranged in the middle of the frame, a mounting plate with an adjustable angle is arranged on the cross bar, the mounting plate is arranged along the water flow direction, and the Doppler flowmeter is fixed on the mounting plate.

[0009] Further, the crossbar is provided with a fixing plate, the mounting plate is arranged on the fixing plate; The fixing plate is provided with angle adjustment holes, and the installation angle between the mounting plate and the fixing plate can be adjusted by inserting bolts into different angle adjustment holes.

[0010] Furthermore, the head is provided with a lifting ring, and the lifting ring is connected to the transmission device through a wire rope; The tail portion is provided with a symmetrically arranged guide body, and the guide body includes a vertically arranged second wing plate and two horizontally arranged first wing plates, and the second wing plate is arranged between the two second wing plates.

[0011] Further, the level meter includes a radar level meter fixed to the riverbank bracket; Or a float level gauge installed in the river channel.

[0012] Furthermore, the float level meter and the Doppler flow meter are arranged on the same river section.

[0013] Further, the transmission device includes a sliding assembly and a lifting assembly, the lifting assembly is disposed on the sliding assembly; The sliding assembly includes a first pulley arranged on the towers on both sides of the pier, a second pulley is provided at the lower end of the first pulley, a hand winch is provided at the lower end of the second pulley on one side, a main rope is wound around the first pulley, and a circulating rope is wound around the second pulley and the hand winch.

[0014] Furthermore, the lifting assembly includes a crane and a lifting device, the crane is provided with an instrument box, the instrument box is provided with an electric winch, the electric winch is connected to the lifting device, a counterweight is fixed at the lower end of the lifting cable of the lifting device, and the steel wire rope at the lower end of the counterweight is connected to the floating body.

[0015] Furthermore, the traveling crane is slidably connected to the main rope and fixedly connected to the circulating rope, and the hand winch can drive the circulating rope to move.

[0016] A river flow measurement system comprises the following steps: Step 1: Use the ADCP to measure the river section information: Use a cruise-type ADCP to measure the cross-sectional flow field distribution and the large cross-sectional diagram of the riverbed, and enter the cross-sectional information of the river channel into the control system, including the width, depth, and shape parameters of the river channel, to calculate the cross-sectional area of ​​the water flow; Determine the position of the floating body in the river section through flow field analysis, set the river depth of the section to H0, and proceed to step two; Step 2: Adjust the fixed angle of the Doppler velocity meter to 45 °, fix the float at the lower end of the vehicle, and proceed to step three; Step 3: Adjust the float spacing and lowering operation: Use a hand winch to adjust the horizontal spacing of the crane, i.e. the spacing of the floating bodies, until it reaches the preset value; After the driving receives the control signal from the control center, the lifting device places the float on the water surface with the head of the float facing upstream, and enters step four; Step 4: Lift adjustment and real-time measurement: Step S1: Confirm that the control system, lifting device, Doppler flow meter and level meter are in normal working condition, check whether the communication connection between the devices is stable and reliable, then proceeds to step S2, otherwise repeat step S1; Step S2: The control system receives the depth information H1 of the liquid level gauge, determines whether H1 is equal to H0, if so, repeat step S2, otherwise proceeds to step S3; Step S3: The control system calculates the height that needs to be adjusted, controls the lifting and lowering of the lifting device, and proceeds to step S4; Step S4: The lifting device receives a lifting signal from the control system, the lifting device performs the corresponding lifting operation according to the command, driving the floating body to move to the initial position of the river section, proceeds to step S5; Step S5: The Doppler current meter measures the river flow velocity in real time, the liquid level meter measures the river water level, and the river flow velocity and water level data are transmitted to the control system.

[0017] The present invention adopts the above technical solution, and has the following advantages compared with the prior art: (1) The Doppler current meter used in this system realizes real-time online measurement of channel flow at multiple locations and points in the river. The flow velocity measurement is accurate, precise, stable and reliable.

[0018] (2) The float used in this system is simple in design, light in weight, and easy to transport. It can also automatically adjust its position according to the water level, and has high and stable measurement accuracy.

[0019] (3) This system is easy to install, has a short construction period, low cost, and is not affected by siltation. It is suitable for various river flow measurement scenarios. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of a river flow measurement system in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a block diagram of a river flow measurement system in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 Is a schematic diagram of the installation of the measuring device in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the transmission device installation embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 Is a schematic structural diagram of the floating body in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A direction structural schematic diagram; Figure 7 yes Figure 5 A side view schematic diagram of the structure; Figure 8 Is a schematic diagram of the fixed plate structure of an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 9 Is a schematic diagram of the mounting plate structure of an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.10 Is a schematic diagram of the structure of the Doppler flow meter embodiment of the present invention; In the figure: 1-floating body, 10-frame, 11-cross bar, 12-fixed plate, 121-angle adjustment hole, 13-mounting plate, 14-Doppler flowmeter, 15-first wing plate, 16-second wing plate, 17-lifting ring, 18-radar level gauge, 19-float level gauge, 20-first roller skate, 21-second roller skate, 22-hand winch, 23-crane, 24-instrument box, 25-lifting device, 26-counterweight, 27-electric winch, 28-main rope, 29-circular rope. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention is further described below. Those skilled in the art should be able to understand from the following examples that the examples are not intended to limit the technical solutions of the present invention, but are merely intended to fully illustrate how to implement the invention.

[0022] Examples, such as Figure 1-10 As shown, a river flow measurement system includes a control system, a transmission device and a measuring device.

[0023] Measuring device, used to measure the water level and flow rate of the river in real time and feed the data back to the control system; Control system, which collects, analyzes and processes the data transmitted by the transmission device and the measuring device to control the operation of the transmission device and the measuring device; A transmission device, used to receive a signal from the control system and transport the measuring device to a specified position; The measuring device comprises a float 1 , a liquid level meter and a Doppler flow meter 14 .

[0024] The floating body 1 comprises a head, a frame 10 and a tail fixedly connected, the head having a pointed end; A crossbar 11 is provided in the middle of the frame 10, and a mounting plate 13 with an adjustable angle is provided on the crossbar 11. The mounting plate 13 is arranged along the water flow direction, and a Doppler current meter 14 is fixed on the mounting plate. The Doppler current meter 14 needs to be immersed in water.

[0025] The crossbar 11 is provided with a fixing plate 12, and the mounting plate 13 is disposed on the fixing plate 12; Angle adjustment holes 121 are provided on the fixing plate 12 , and the installation angle between the mounting plate 13 and the fixing plate 12 can be adjusted by inserting bolts into different angle adjustment holes 121 .

[0026] The head is provided with a lifting ring 17, the lifting ring 17 is connected to the transmission device via a wire rope; The tail portion is provided with a symmetrically arranged guide body, which comprises a vertically arranged second wing plate and two horizontally arranged first wing plates, and the second wing plate is arranged between the two second wing plates.

[0027] The liquid level meter includes a radar liquid level meter 18 fixed on a river bank bracket; or a float liquid level meter 19 arranged on the river channel, and one of them can be selected for use according to the on-site conditions.

[0028] The float level meter 19 and the Doppler current meter 14 are arranged on the same river section.

[0029] The transmission device comprises a sliding assembly and a lifting assembly, wherein the lifting assembly is arranged on the sliding assembly.

[0030] The sliding assembly comprises a first pulley 20 arranged on the towers on both sides of the pier, a second pulley 21 is arranged at the lower end of the first pulley 20, a hand winch 22 is arranged at the lower end of the second pulley 21 on one side, a main rope (28) is wound around the first pulley 20, and a circulating rope 29 is wound around the second pulley 21 and the hand winch 22.

[0031] The lifting assembly includes a crane 23 and a lifting device 25. The crane 23 is provided with an instrument box 24. The instrument box 24 is provided with an electric winch 27. The electric winch 27 is connected to the lifting device 25. A counterweight 26 is fixed to the lower end of the lifting cable of the lifting device 25. The steel wire rope at the lower end of the counterweight 26 is connected to the floating body 1. The lifting device 25 can place the floating body 1 on the water surface. According to the rise or fall of the water level, the position of the floating body 1 can be adjusted to stabilize the floating body 1 on the river section to be measured.

[0032] The crane 23 is slidably connected to the main rope 28 and fixedly connected to the circulating rope 290 . The hand winch 22 can drive the circulating rope 29 to move, thereby realizing the horizontal movement of the crane 23 .

[0033] The material of the float 1 is 304 stainless steel, filled with foam material, and the welding process is laser seamless welding, which can achieve waterproof and impact-resistant effects.

[0034] One end of the Doppler flow meter 14 is a 45° inclined surface. When the installation angle of the fixing plate 12 is adjusted to 45° downward, the measuring direction of the Doppler flow meter 14 is exactly vertically downward.

[0035] The Doppler flowmeter 14 is a dual-frequency sensor - LK-P2000&600 ADCP (Doppler flowmeter). The frequency of ADCP is higher than 1.2MHz, and the operating frequency is more than one. The frequency can be automatically adjusted. The ADCP adopts a unique dual-frequency differential working mode, and the point flow velocity measurement adopts a dual-frequency time-sharing cross-multiple measurement method. The flow velocity measurement accuracy is: 0.5%±2.0mm / s, ensuring the stability and reliability of the flow velocity measurement.

[0036] Doppler current meter 14 adopts the latest acoustic Doppler technology, single beam emission mode of planar array, and has three multi-point velocity measurement working modes: horizontal, oblique, and vertical. The dual-frequency single-path planar array type can ensure that the vertical velocity is measured in accordance with the vertical measurement method of hydrological specifications, not a multi-directional "conical" multi-point velocity synthesis. In practical applications, it not only has excellent performance in high velocity and deep water, but also can solve the measurement problems of shallow water and low blind areas, and can also solve the penetration problems of large sediment and debris in the water. The most important thing is that its unique dual-frequency differential working mode greatly improves the resolution, accuracy and stability of the measurement.

[0037] The velocity and flow integrator matched with the Doppler current meter 14 can receive its multi-point velocity, signal strength, and credibility information in real time, monitor the underwater vertical line flow field distribution in real time and accurately, and display it in real time. It can be connected to various water level meters, has a display screen, visual operation, built-in flow model, directly outputs flow, and outputs the calculated flow results to the user.

[0038] The above-mentioned devices are all known technologies currently on sale and will not be described in detail here.

[0039] The most critical factor in measuring river water volume is the measurement of the average flow velocity of the river. The Doppler current meter 14 fixed on the float 1 can simultaneously measure the flow velocity at multiple positions from the water surface to the river bottom and accurately calculate the vertical average flow velocity.

[0040] Water level measurement is the second element of river water volume measurement, which is used to determine the water flow area of ​​the river. The level meter should be arranged on the flow measurement or depth measurement section. When it cannot be arranged on the flow measurement or depth measurement section, it should be as close to the measurement section as possible.

[0041] The Doppler current meter 14 for measuring the average flow velocity of a river channel is most in line with the hydrological survey specifications when installed in a vertical line. The Doppler current meter 14 on the river channel simultaneously measures the flow velocity at multiple locations from the water surface to the river bottom, accurately calculates the average flow velocity of the vertical line, and simultaneously calculates the average flow velocity of the river channel through the flow velocity of one or two or more vertical lines.

[0042] The ADCP vertical line method used in the present invention measures the flow rate of a river channel. The basic principle of the vertical line method is based on the Manning formula. With the help of hydraulic experimental methods, starting from rectangular and triangular sections, the relationship between the vertical line velocity and the average flow rate of the section is sought, and a vertical line velocity formula with the same structural form as the Manning formula is established; the comprehensive roughness in the natural river channel is changed to the decomposed roughness; and the energy slope (water flow energy slope) parameter is inversely calculated using two measured vertical line flow rates as known conditions, replacing the ratio relationship between the gradient and the roughness in the Manning formula, thereby significantly improving the accuracy of the result, and with the help of the equivalent flow principle, the flow measurement problem under various non-constant and non-uniform flow conditions is solved. The specific method is well-known content and will not be repeated.

[0043] A river flow measurement system comprises the following steps: Step 1: Use the ADCP to measure the river section information: Use a cruise-type ADCP to measure the cross-sectional flow field distribution and the large cross-sectional diagram of the riverbed, and enter the cross-sectional information of the river channel into the control system, including the width, depth, and shape parameters of the river channel, to calculate the cross-sectional area of ​​the water flow; Determine the position of the floating body 1 in the river section through flow field analysis, set the river depth of the section to H0, proceed to step two; Step 2: Adjust the fixed angle of the Doppler velocity meter 14 to 45 °, the float 1 is fixed to the lower end of the vehicle 23, proceed to step three; Step 3: Adjust the distance and lowering operation of float 1: Use the hand winch 22 to adjust the horizontal spacing of the crane 23, that is, the spacing of the floating body 1, until the preset value is reached; After the driving 23 receives the control signal from the control center, the lifting device 25 places the float 1 on the water surface, the head of the float 1 facing upstream, proceeds to step four; Step 4: Lift adjustment and real-time measurement: Step S1: Confirm that the control system, lifting device 25, Doppler flow meter 14 and level meter are in normal working condition, check whether the communication connection between the devices is stable and reliable, then proceeds to step S2, otherwise repeat step S1; Step S2: The control system receives the depth information H1 of the level gauge, determines whether H1 is equal to H0, if so, repeat step S2, otherwise proceeds to step S3; Step S3: The control system calculates the height that needs to be adjusted, controls the lifting and lowering of the lifting device 25, proceeds to step S4; Step S4: The lifting device 25 receives a lifting signal from the control system, the lifting device 25 performs the corresponding lifting operation according to the command, driving the floating body 1 to move to the initial position of the river section, proceeds to step S5; Step S5: The Doppler current meter 14 measures the river flow velocity in real time, the liquid level meter measures the river water level, and the river flow velocity and water level data are transmitted to the control system.

[0044] The control system is equipped with a remote monitoring center, where users can not only obtain real-time flow data through their mobile phones, but also check the working status of on-site equipment.

[0045] This system realizes real-time online measurement and ensures the accuracy of measurement results through precise measuring devices and control systems. It also has remote monitoring and management functions to reduce operation and maintenance costs and is suitable for various river flow measurement scenarios.

[0046] The above is an example of the best implementation of the present invention, and the parts not described in detail are common knowledge of ordinary technicians in the field. The protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the content of the claims, and any equivalent transformation based on the technical enlightenment of the present invention is also within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A river flow measurement system, characterized in that :Including control system, transmission device and measuring device; Measuring device, used to measure the water level and flow rate of the river in real time and feed the data back to the control system; Control system, which collects, analyzes and processes the data transmitted by the transmission device and the measuring device to control the operation of the transmission device and the measuring device; A transmission device, used to receive a signal from the control system and transport the measuring device to a specified position; The measuring device comprises a floating body (1), a liquid level meter and a Doppler flow meter (14).

2. A river flow measurement system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that : The floating body (1) comprises a head, a frame (10) and a tail fixedly connected, wherein the head has a pointed tip; A crossbar (11) is provided in the middle of the frame (10), a mounting plate (13) with an adjustable angle is provided on the crossbar (11), the mounting plate (13) is arranged along the direction of water flow, and the Doppler current meter (14) is fixed on the mounting plate.

3. A river flow measurement system as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that : The cross bar (11) is provided with a fixing plate (12), and the mounting plate (13) is arranged on the fixing plate (12); The fixing plate (12) is provided with an angle adjustment hole (121), and the installation angle between the installation plate (13) and the fixing plate (12) can be adjusted by inserting bolts into different angle adjustment holes (121).

4. A river flow measurement system as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that : The head is provided with a lifting ring (17), the lifting ring (17) is connected to the transmission device via a wire rope; The tail portion is provided with a symmetrically arranged guide body, the guide body comprising a vertically arranged second wing plate (16) and two horizontally arranged first wing plates (15), the second wing plate (16) being arranged between the two second wing plates (15).

5. A river flow measurement system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that : The liquid level meter comprises a radar liquid level meter (18) fixed to the river bank bracket; Or a float level gauge (19) arranged on a river channel.

6. A river flow measurement system as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that The float level meter (19) and the Doppler current meter (14) are arranged on the same river section.

7. A river flow measurement system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that : The transmission device includes a sliding assembly and a lifting assembly, the lifting assembly is disposed on the sliding assembly; The sliding assembly comprises a first pulley (20) arranged on towers at both sides of the pier, a second pulley (21) is arranged at the lower end of the first pulley (20), a hand winch (22) is arranged at the lower end of the second pulley (21) on one side, a main rope (28) is wound around the first pulley (20), and a circulating rope (29) is wound around the second pulley (21) and the hand winch (22).

8. A river flow measurement system as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that : The lifting assembly comprises a crane (23) and a lifting device (25); The traveling crane (23) is provided with an instrument box (24), and an electric winch (27) is provided in the instrument box (24), and the electric winch (27) is connected to the lifting device (25); A counterweight (26) is fixed to the lower end of the lifting cable of the lifting device (25), and a steel wire rope at the lower end of the counterweight (26) is connected to the floating body (1).

9. A river flow measurement system as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that : The traveling crane (23) is slidably connected to the main cable (28) and fixedly connected to the circulating cable (29); The hand winch (22) can drive the circulating rope (29) to move.

10. A river flow measurement system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that : Includes the following steps: Step 1: Use the ADCP to measure the river section information: Use a cruise-type ADCP to measure the cross-sectional flow field distribution and the large cross-sectional diagram of the riverbed, and enter the cross-sectional information of the river channel into the control system, including the width, depth, and shape parameters of the river channel, to calculate the cross-sectional area of ​​the water flow; Determine the position of the floating body 1 in the river section through flow field analysis, set the river depth of the section to H0, proceed to step two; Step 2: Adjust the Doppler velocity meter (14) fixed position angle to 45 °, the float (1) is fixed to the lower end of the vehicle (23), proceed to step three; Step 3: Adjust the distance between the floats (1) and the lowering operation: Use a hand winch (22) to adjust the horizontal spacing of the crane (23), that is, the spacing of the floating body (1), until it reaches a preset value; After the driving vehicle (23) receives the control signal from the control center, the lifting device (25) places the float (1) on the water surface, with the head of the float (1) facing upstream, and proceeds to step four; Step 4: Lift adjustment and real-time measurement: Step S1: Confirm that the control system, lifting device (25), Doppler flow meter (14) and level meter are in normal working condition, check whether the communication connection between the devices is stable and reliable, then proceed to step S2, otherwise repeat step S1; Step S2: The control system receives the depth information H1 of the level gauge, determines whether H1 is equal to H0, if so, repeat step S2, otherwise proceeds to step S3; Step S3: The control system calculates the height that needs to be adjusted, controls the lifting and lowering of the lifting device (25), and proceeds to step S4; Step S4: The lifting device (25) receives a lifting signal from the control system, and the lifting device (25) performs the corresponding lifting operation according to the command, driving the floating body (1) to move to the initial position of the river section, and proceeds to step S5; Step S5: The Doppler current meter (14) measures the river flow velocity in real time, the liquid level meter measures the river water level, and the river flow velocity and water level data are transmitted to the control system.

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